US5711825A - Process for the production of grain oriented magnetic steel sheets having improved remagnetization losses - Google Patents

Process for the production of grain oriented magnetic steel sheets having improved remagnetization losses Download PDF

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US5711825A
US5711825A US08/222,627 US22262794A US5711825A US 5711825 A US5711825 A US 5711825A US 22262794 A US22262794 A US 22262794A US 5711825 A US5711825 A US 5711825A
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strip
temperature
annealing
hot
slabs
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US08/222,627
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Fritz Bolling
Andres Bottcher
Manfred Espenhahn
Christof Holzapfel
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Thyssen Stahl AG
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Thyssen Stahl AG
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Assigned to THYSSEN STAHL AG reassignment THYSSEN STAHL AG ASSIGNMENT OF ASSIGNORS INTEREST (SEE DOCUMENT FOR DETAILS). Assignors: BOLLING, FRITZ, BOTTCHER, ANDREAS, ESPENHAHN, MANFRED, HOLZAPFEL, CHRISTOF
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
    • C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties involving a particular fabrication or treatment of ingot or slab
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1222—Hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1244—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1261—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the heat treatment(s) being of interest following hot rolling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D3/00—Diffusion processes for extraction of non-metals; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D3/02—Extraction of non-metals
    • C21D3/04—Decarburising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/12—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties
    • C21D8/1216—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of articles with special electromagnetic properties the working step(s) being of interest
    • C21D8/1233—Cold rolling

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a process for the production of grain oriented magnetic steel sheets having a finished strip thickness in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm, wherein slabs produced by continuous casting or strip casting and containing more than 0.005%, preferably 0.02 to 0.10% C, 2.5 to 6.5% Si and 0.03 to 0.15% Mn are first through-heated in one or two stages and then hot roughed and finish rolled to a hot strip final thickness, whereafter the strips, hot rolled to the final thickness, are annealed and rapidly cooled and cold rolled in one or more cold rolling stages for the finished strip thickness, the cold rolled strips being then subjected to a recrystallizing annealing in a wet atmosphere containing H 2 and N 2 with simultaneous decarburization, the application of a separating agent mainly containing MgO to the cold strip surface on both sides, a high temperature annealing and lastly a final annealing with an insulating coating.
  • a separating agent mainly containing MgO
  • This step serves the purpose of completely putting into solution those particles such as, for example, sulphides (MnS) and nitrides (AlN) which are known as grain growth inhibitors and act as a control phase in high temperature annealing (secondary recrystallization).
  • MnS sulphides
  • AlN nitrides
  • the slabs are rolled with a degree of reduction related to their thickness or with a reduction in cross-section of 30 to 70% in order, for example, to adjust to more than 80% of the grains to an average maximum diameter of 25 mm.
  • the second heating stage in order to dissolve the manganese sulphides and the aluminium nitrides, comes the second heating stage to a maximum temperature of 1450° C. and a through-heating of the slabs at that temperature, whereafter the slabs, already reduced in thickness, are hot roughed and finish rolled into hot strip having a final thickness in the range of 1.5 to approximately 5 mm, and up to 7 mm at the maximum.
  • DE-C2 29 09 500 discloses a process for the production of grain oriented magnetic steel sheets, wherein the slabs, containing 2.0 to 4.0% Si, up to 0.085% C and up to 0.065% Al or some other known inhibitor, are heated prior to hot rolling in only one stage to a temperature of at least 1360° C., preferably higher than 1350° C., and through-heated--i.e., held for an adequate period of time, at that temperature.
  • the intention is that the inhibitors should be completely dissolved prior to hot rolling and not prematurely precipitated, to prevent excessively large and coarse precipitations from occurring during hot rolling.
  • the hot rolling comprises at least one recrystallization rolling during the finish rolling with at least a reduction per pass of more than 30% in a temperature range of 960° C. to 1190° C.
  • any precipitation of the inhibitors, and more particularly any coarsening of the particles possibly precipitated in any case are preferably avoided if the recrystallization rolling of the slabs, previously through-heated at a temperature of at least 1350° C., is performed in the temperature range of 1050° C. to 1150° C.
  • the slabs contain 1.5 to 4.5% Si and also, according to the embodiments, the usual contents of carbon, manganese, aluminium and nitrogen, but preferably only a sulphur content of less than 0.007%.
  • the slabs are hot rolled in the usual manner, the hot rolled strip is heat treated and annealed, and then also in known manner cold rolled in one or two stages to the final sheet thickness.
  • the cold rolled strip is then annealed for decarburization, whereafter a separating agent is applied to both sides of the surface of the cold strip, and finally the strip is subjected to a high temperature annealing for secondary recrystallization.
  • the slabs preferably contain 0.010 to 0.060% Al, but less than approximately 0.010% S
  • aluminium nitrides can only incompletely be put into solution in the solution annealing of the slabs.
  • the necessary inhibitors are produced by a nitrogenation or also a nitriding of the strip.
  • a special ammonia-containing gas atmosphere after the decarburization annealing and prior to the high temperature annealing and/or by the addition of nitrogen-containing compounds to the separating agent, which mainly contains MgO (e.g., as set forth in EP-A1 0 339 474, EP-A1 0 390 142).
  • EP-B10 098 324 and EP-A2 0 392 535 disclose processes in which the through-heating temperature is below 1280° C. and an additional process step, such as, for example, nitriding is not absolutely necessary.
  • the secondary recrystallization is stabilized by the adjustment of the hot rolling parameters, such as the final hot rolling temperature, degree of deformation (referred to the last three hot rolling passes) or coiling temperature.
  • the hot rolling parameters such as the final hot rolling temperature, degree of deformation (referred to the last three hot rolling passes) or coiling temperature.
  • this stabilization is achieved by harmonization of the annealing conditions and the hot rolling and cold rolling parameters.
  • a process for the production of grain oriented magnetic steel sheets having a finished strip thickness in the range of 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm from slabs produced by continuous casting or strip casting is as follows.
  • the slabs contain (in percent by weight) more than 0.005%, preferably 0.02 to 0.10%, C
  • the slabs are through-heated to a temperature which is lower than the solubility temperature T 1 of magnesium sulfide and higher than the solubility temperature T 2 of copper sulfide, wherein T 1 and T 2 depend on the Si content of the slab.
  • the through-heated slab is first hot roughed to an intermediate thickness and subsequently or immediately thereafter hot finish rolled with a charge temperature of at least 960° C. and final rolling temperature of 880° C. to 1,000° C. to produce a hot rolled strip having a final thickness of 1.5 to 7 mm, during which at least 60% of the total nitrogen content in the slab is precipitated as coarse AlN particles.
  • the hot rolled strip is then annealed for 100 to 600 seconds at a temperature of 800 ° C. to 1,150° C., followed by cooling at a cooling rate higher than 15° K./sec during which the maximum possible quantity of the total nitrogen content is precipitated in the form of coarse and fine AlN particles and copper is precipitated as fine copper sulfide particles.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates the solubility temperature of manganese sulfide for a specific concentration of silicon.
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the solubility temperature of copper sulfide for a specific concentration of silicon.
  • FIG. 3 being a combination of FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIG. 4 illustrates the values of magnetic induction and remagnetization loss for grain oriented magnetic steel sheets produced in accordance with the process of the present invention.
  • Essential to the invention is feature (1), namely that the slabs also contain in addition to the usual nitrogen content in the range of 0.0045 to 0.0120% an additional 0.020 to 0.300% Cu and more than 0.010% S, but less than 0.035% Al.
  • the through-heating of the slabs according to the invention as set forth in (2) has the effect that aluminium nitrides are put in solution in only a small proportion and are therefore present separated, also mainly in the form of coarse particles, after hot rolling has been performed in accordance with (3). This proportion also can no longer act as an inhibitor in the subsequent process steps.
  • a decisive grain growth inhibitor is very finely distributed precipitated copper sulphide particles having an average diameter of less than approximately 100 nm, preferably less than 50 nm, which in the following stages of process steps represent the actual, essential and operative control phase. Finely distributed aluminium nitrides also precipitated by the process step (4) according to the invention are operative as inhibitor only to a very small extent.
  • the characteristics of the hitherto conventional process for the production of HGO magnetic steel sheets is that the slabs contain approximately 0.010 to 0.065% Al and are through-heated prior to hot rolling also at a temperature of the order of magnitude of approximately 1400° C., finely distributed AlN particles are an essential inhibitor due to the hot rolling and the subsequent hot strip annealing, while such magnetic steel sheets preferably have a magnetic induction B 8 greater than 1.88 T.
  • grain oriented magnetic steel sheets can now be produced by the process according to the invention with the same magnetic induction B 8 in Tesla (T) as that possessed by RGO and also HGO magnetic electric sheets, but with improved values for the remagnetization loss P 1 .7/50 in watts per kg (W/kg).
  • first of all the known continuous casting process is used to produce slabs having an initial thickness in the range of 150 to 300 mm, preferably in the range of 200 to 250 mm.
  • the slabs can also be so-called thin slabs having an initial thickness in the range of approximately 30 to 70 mm.
  • grain oriented magnetic steel sheets can also be produced by the process according to the invention from slabs or strips having an even smaller initial thickness, if said slabs or strips were previously produced by means of strip casting.
  • slabs, thin slabs or strips hereinafter referred to as slabs for short and so defined, have the carbon, silicon, manganese, nitrogen and copper contents stated above and also, in comparison with the prior art (disclosed in EP-B1 0 219 611), the increased sulphur content according to the invention in the range of more than 0.010, preferably more than 0.015%, up to 0.050%, and the aluminium content, deliberately reduced to the lower known range, in the range of 0.010 to 0.030%, up to 0.035% at the maximum, residue Fe including impurities.
  • the aluminium and sulphur contents are adjusted.
  • the content of the remaining alloying compounds preferably lies within the ranges 3.0 to 3.3% Si, 0.040 to 0.070% C, 0.050 to 0.150% Mn, 0.020 to 0.035% S, 0.015 to 0.025% Al, 0.0070 to 0.0090% N, and 0.020 to 0.200% Cu for each alloying element on its own or in combination.
  • the slabs are heated to a temperature and through-heated at that temperature, which lies in the temperature range stated with process step (2) according to the invention.
  • This temperature which depends on the given manganese, sulphur and silicon contents, must in any case be lower than the associated solution temperature T 1 for manganese sulphides and at the same time clearly higher than the associated solution temperature T 2 for copper sulphides.
  • This temperature range can be gathered from FIG. 3, which shows jointly the solubility curves according to FIGS. 1 and 2.
  • FIGS. 1, 2 and 3 make clear the solution behaviour of grain oriented magnetic steel sheets with the usual Si contents. The contents considered correspond to the embodiments shown in Tables 1, 2 and 3.
  • process step (2) The result of the performance of process step (2) is that in the through-heating of the slabs prior to hot rolling, manganese sulphides are practically not put into solution. Since the corresponding solubility curves for aluminium nitrides are similar to or comparable with the solubility curves for manganese sulphides, the main proportion of aluminium nitrides is also precipitated in the through-heating of the slabs according to the invention. On completion of this process step, practically exclusively copper sulphides are almost completely in solution.
  • the slabs After the slabs have been solution annealed, in accordance with process step (3) according to the invention they are if necessary first roughed in 3 to 7 passes and more particularly in 5 to 9 passes, in dependence on the initial thickness of the slabs, and then finish rolled to the hot strip final thickness in the range of 1.5 to 5 mm, up to a maximum of 7 mm.
  • Slabs having an initial thickness in the range of 150 to 300 mm, preferably in the range of 200 to 250 mm are roughed to a preliminary strip thickness in the range of approximately 30 to 60. mm.
  • the slabs are thin slabs or strips produced by strip casting, roughing can advantageously be dispensed with. As a whole, the number of passes during roughing and finish rolling is determined in accordance with the initial thickness of the slabs and required hot strip final thickness.
  • process step (3) it is an essential feature of process step (3) that the strips are finish rolled with as low a final rolling temperature as possible, in the range of 880° C. to 1000° C., preferably in the range of 900° C. to 980° C.
  • the lower limit is determined by the fact that problem-free shaping and strip rolling must still be possible without the occurrence of difficulties such as, for example, strip unevennesses and deviations from section.
  • process step (3) on completion of process step (3) it is found that coarse MnS particles and a very large number of coarse AlN particles with an average diameter of more than 100 nm are present precipitated in the hot strip.
  • more than 60% of the total nitrogen content is present bonded to aluminium in the form of AlN.
  • N Beeghly value A yardstick for the quantity of nitrogen present bonded to aluminium is the N Beeghly value. It is determined by a chemical process, as described in "Analytical Chemistry, Volume 21, No. 12, December 1949". In contrast, in the processes for the production of HGO magnetic steel sheets, only very few MnS particles and practically no AlN particles of this particle size (i.e., smaller than 100 nm) are present after the solution annealing of the slabs and on completion of hot rolling.
  • the heat treatment of the hot rolled strips is performed by process step (4) according to the invention in the temperature range of 880° C. to 1150° C., preferably in only one stage in the temperature range of 950° C. to 1100° C. However., it can also be performed in more than one stage.
  • This heat treatment results in the precipitation of the particles having an average diameter smaller than 100 nm, preferably smaller than 50 nm, acting as. inhibitor in the following process steps.
  • Table 4 shows clearly how the process according to the invention influences the nature and size of the precipitations and therefore their effectiveness as inhibitor. It also shows the differences in comparison with the separations which take place in the prior art processes (HGO, RGO).
  • the slabs must necessarily have a sulphur content higher than 0.010%, preferably higher than 0.015%, and in any case, hot strip annealing as set forth in process step (4) must be performed for the precipitation of the fine copper sulphide particles. If the hot strip annealing (4) is not performed, in the following process steps not enough particles acting as inhibitor are present which are smaller than 100 nm, preferably smaller than 50 nm, this being due to the premature precipitation of coarse MnS and AlN particles because of process steps (2) and (3).
  • the strips are cold rolled, preferably in one stage, to the finished strip thickness in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 mm.
  • cold rolling can also be performed in two stages (claim 6), while according to claim 7 a preliminary annealing is preferably performed prior to the first cold rolling stage. This advantageously contributes towards the stabilization of the secondary recrystallization in the subsequent high temperature annealing.
  • the strips are subjected in known manner to a recrystallization and decarburizing annealing at a temperature in the range of 750° C. to 900° C., preferably at a temperature in the range of 820° C. to 880° C. in an atmosphere containing moist H 2 and N 2 . Then an annealing separator primarily containing MgO is applied.
  • the strips are then annealed in known manner in a long-time hood-tight annealing furnace, with a slow heating of 10 to 100 K/h, preferably 15 to 25 K/h, to at least 1150° C., the strips being annealed at that temperature in an atmosphere consisting of H 2 and N 2 and, after being held for 0.5 to 30 h are slowly cooled again.
  • a long-time hood-tight annealing furnace with a slow heating of 10 to 100 K/h, preferably 15 to 25 K/h, to at least 1150° C.
  • Table 1 shows the results when the process according to the invention as set forth in claim 1 is applied to slabs having an initial thickness of 215 mm.
  • Table 2 contains further results which were obtained by the process according to the invention. In these cases cold rolling was performed in two stages without and also with the preliminary annealing prior to the first cold rolling stage.
  • grain oriented magnetic steel sheets can be produced which have a magnetic induction B 8 such as is also possessed by grain oriented magnetic steel sheets of RGO and HGO quality.
  • these qualities can, however, now be achieved solely by the use of a single process with the process steps set forth in claim 1.
  • substantially more favourable values are advantageously obtained for the associated remagnetization losses. This is made clear by FIG.
  • FIG. 4 shows for grain oriented magnetic steel sheets having a finished strip thickness of 0.30 mm, the values of magnetic induction and remagnetization loss, stated in Tables 1 and 2, in the form of a TGO (Thyssen grain oriented) graph curve. Furthermore, in comparison therewith, FIG. 4 shows the corresponding, typical pairs of values for grain oriented magnetic steel sheets of qualities RGO and HGO, which for the two have been obtainable solely in known manner by means of two different, separate processes.

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US08/222,627 1993-04-05 1994-04-04 Process for the production of grain oriented magnetic steel sheets having improved remagnetization losses Expired - Lifetime US5711825A (en)

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DE4311151A DE4311151C1 (de) 1993-04-05 1993-04-05 Verfahren zur Herstellung von kornorientierten Elektroblechen mit verbesserten Ummagnetisierungsverlusten
DE4311151.3 1994-04-05

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EP (1) EP0619376B1 (es)
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KR (1) KR100247598B1 (es)
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WO1999053106A1 (de) * 1998-04-09 1999-10-21 Koenigbauer Georg Verfahren zur herstellung von korn-orientierten anisotropen, elektrotechnischen stahlblechen
AU730723B2 (en) * 1997-10-15 2001-03-15 Thyssen Krupp Stahl Ag Process for the production of grain-oriented electric quality sheet with low remagnetisation loss and high polarisation
US6296719B1 (en) * 1996-08-30 2001-10-02 Acciai Speciali Terni S.P.A. Process for the production of grain oriented electrical steel strip having high magnetic characteristics, starting from thin slabs
US20100101690A1 (en) * 2007-04-05 2010-04-29 Shigenobu Koga Method for continously annealing steel strip having a curie point and continous annealing facility of the same
US20110139313A1 (en) * 2008-03-25 2011-06-16 Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. Manufacturing method of oriented si steel with high electric-magnetic property
WO2014078977A1 (zh) 2012-11-26 2014-05-30 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 取向硅钢及其制造方法
US20140230966A1 (en) * 2011-09-28 2014-08-21 Thyssenkrupp Steel Europe Ag Method for Producing a Grain-Oriented Electrical Steel Strip or Sheet Intended for Electrotechnical Applications

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EP0709470B1 (en) * 1993-11-09 2001-10-04 Pohang Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. Production method of directional electromagnetic steel sheet of low temperature slab heating system
FR2731713B1 (fr) * 1995-03-14 1997-04-11 Ugine Sa Procede de fabrication d'une tole d'acier electrique a grains orientes pour la realisation notamment de circuits magnetiques de transformateurs
DE19628137C1 (de) * 1996-07-12 1997-04-10 Thyssen Stahl Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von kornorientiertem Elektroblech
DE19628136C1 (de) * 1996-07-12 1997-04-24 Thyssen Stahl Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von kornorientiertem Elektroblech
IT1285153B1 (it) * 1996-09-05 1998-06-03 Acciai Speciali Terni Spa Procedimento per la produzione di lamierino magnetico a grano orientato, a partire da bramma sottile.
IT1290173B1 (it) * 1996-12-24 1998-10-19 Acciai Speciali Terni Spa Procedimento per la produzione di lamierino di acciaio al silicio a grano orientato
IT1290171B1 (it) * 1996-12-24 1998-10-19 Acciai Speciali Terni Spa Procedimento per il trattamento di acciaio al silicio, a grano orientato.
IT1290978B1 (it) * 1997-03-14 1998-12-14 Acciai Speciali Terni Spa Procedimento per il controllo dell'inibizione nella produzione di lamierino magnetico a grano orientato
IT1290977B1 (it) * 1997-03-14 1998-12-14 Acciai Speciali Terni Spa Procedimento per il controllo dell'inibizione nella produzione di lamierino magnetico a grano orientato
FR2761081B1 (fr) * 1997-03-21 1999-04-30 Usinor Procede de fabrication d'une tole d'acier electrique a grains orientes pour la fabrication notamment de circuits magnetiques de transformateurs
WO1998046802A1 (en) * 1997-04-16 1998-10-22 Acciai Speciali Terni S.P.A. New process for the production of grain oriented electrical steel from thin slabs
AU2698097A (en) * 1997-04-16 1998-11-11 Acciai Speciali Terni S.P.A. New process for the production at low temperature of grain oriented electrical steel
WO1998048062A1 (en) * 1997-04-24 1998-10-29 Acciai Speciali Terni S.P.A. New process for the production of high-permeability electrical steel from thin slabs
DE19735062A1 (de) * 1997-08-13 1999-02-18 Thyssen Stahl Ag Verfahren zur Herstellung von kornorientiertem Elektroblech und Verwendung eines Stahls für Elektroblech
IT1299137B1 (it) * 1998-03-10 2000-02-29 Acciai Speciali Terni Spa Processo per il controllo e la regolazione della ricristallizzazione secondaria nella produzione di lamierini magnetici a grano orientato
EP0947597B2 (en) * 1998-03-30 2015-06-10 Nippon Steel & Sumitomo Metal Corporation Method of producing a grain-oriented electrical steel sheet excellent in magnetic characteristics
KR100482208B1 (ko) * 2000-11-17 2005-04-21 주식회사 포스코 침질처리에 의한 용접구조용 강재의 제조방법
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AT507475B1 (de) * 2008-10-17 2010-08-15 Siemens Vai Metals Tech Gmbh Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von warmband-walzgut aus siliziumstahl
IT1396714B1 (it) * 2008-11-18 2012-12-14 Ct Sviluppo Materiali Spa Procedimento per la produzione di lamierino magnetico a grano orientato a partire da bramma sottile.
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JP6946848B2 (ja) * 2017-08-17 2021-10-13 日本製鉄株式会社 方向性電磁鋼板の製造方法
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US8333846B2 (en) * 2008-03-25 2012-12-18 Baoshan Iron & Steel Co., Ltd. Manufacturing method of oriented SI steel with high electric-magnetic property
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US5759294A (en) 1998-06-02
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