TWI753234B - 液晶介質 - Google Patents
液晶介質 Download PDFInfo
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- TWI753234B TWI753234B TW108107501A TW108107501A TWI753234B TW I753234 B TWI753234 B TW I753234B TW 108107501 A TW108107501 A TW 108107501A TW 108107501 A TW108107501 A TW 108107501A TW I753234 B TWI753234 B TW I753234B
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- 0 Cc1ccc(-c2ccc(C3CCC(*)CC3)cc2)c(F)c1F Chemical compound Cc1ccc(-c2ccc(C3CCC(*)CC3)cc2)c(F)c1F 0.000 description 11
- RSOILICUEWXSLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C1)N(C)C(C)(C)CC1OC(CCCCCCCCC(OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1)=O)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C1)N(C)C(C)(C)CC1OC(CCCCCCCCC(OC1CC(C)(C)N(C)C(C)(C)C1)=O)=O RSOILICUEWXSLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YDSCJDYYSOWLAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C1)NC(C)(C)CC1OC1OC1CCCCCCCCC(OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)=O Chemical compound CC(C)(C1)NC(C)(C)CC1OC1OC1CCCCCCCCC(OC1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1)=O YDSCJDYYSOWLAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC1CCCCC1 Chemical compound CC1CCCCC1 UAEPNZWRGJTJPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHDBEDDPFRHGCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCC(CC1)CCC1C(CC1)CCC1C=C Chemical compound CCCC(CC1)CCC1C(CC1)CCC1C=C KHDBEDDPFRHGCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- C09K19/10—Non-steroidal liquid crystal compounds containing at least two non-condensed rings containing at least two benzene rings
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Abstract
本發明係關於一種基於具有負介電各向異性(Δe)的極性化合物之混合物的液晶介質,其特徵在於:其具有在6至45之範圍內之γ1
/Δn2
之比值及>60℃之清澈點與≤-2.3之Δe。此類型之介質尤其適用於基於ECB、PA LCD、FFS或IPS效應而具有主動式矩陣定址之電光顯示器。
Description
本發明係關於一種液晶介質且關於其在液晶顯示器,尤其是借助於一主動式矩陣定址(用於主動式矩陣定址液晶顯示器之AMD或AMLCD)之液晶顯示器中之用途。特別較佳為包含薄膜電晶體(TFT)或變阻器之主動式矩陣之顯示器。此類型之AMD可使用各種主動式電子開關元件。最廣泛者為使用三極開關元件之顯示器。此類型之三極開關元件之實例為MOS(金屬氧化物矽)電晶體或上述之TFT或變阻器。各種半導體材料(主要為矽亦或硒化鎘)在TFT中使用。特別是使用多晶矽或非晶矽。與該等三極電子開關元件不同,諸如MIM(金屬絕緣體金屬)二極體、環形二極體或背對背二極體之二極開關元件之矩陣亦可用於AMD。
在此類型之液晶顯示器中,將該等液晶用作電介質,當施加一電壓時其光學特性發生可逆改變。使用液晶作為介質之電光顯示器是為熟習此項技術者所知的。此等液晶顯示器使用各種電光學效應。
最廣泛習知之顯示器使用TN效應(扭轉向列,具有一扭轉約90°之向列結構)、STN效應(超扭轉向列)或SBE效應(超扭轉雙折射效應)。在此等與類似電光學效應中,使用具有正介電各向異性(△ε)之液晶介
質。
對照所述要求具有正介電各向異性之液晶介質的習知顯示器,存在其它電光學效應,其使用具有負介電各向異性之液晶介質,諸如(例如)ECB效應(電控雙折射)與其從屬形式DAP(排列相之變形)、VAN(垂直排列向列)、MVA(多域垂直排列)、ASV(進階超視覺)、PVA(圖案化垂直排列)及CSH(色彩超垂直)。
電控雙折射、ECB效應(電控雙折射)亦或DAP效應(排列相之變形)之原理首次描述於1971年(M.F.Schieckel與K.Fahrenschon,"Deformation of nematic liquid crystals with vertical orientation in electrical fields",Appl.Phys.Lett.19(1971),3912)。隨後描述於J.F.Kahn(Appl.Phys.Lett.20(1972),1193)及G.Labrunie與J.Robert(J.Appl.Phys.44(1973),4869)之論文中。
J.Robert與F.Clerc(SID 80 Digest Techn.Papers(1980),30)、J.Duchene(Displays 7(1986),3)及H.Schad(SID 82 Digest Techn.Papers(1982),244)之論文展示液晶相必須具有彈性常數K3/K1之高比值、高光學各向異性△n之值及-0.5至-5之介電各向異性△ε之值以用於基於ECB效應之高資訊顯示元件。基於ECB效應之電光顯示元件具有一垂直邊緣排列。
近來愈加使用之IPS效應(共平面切換型)既可使用介電正性亦可使用介電負性液晶介質,類似於"客/主"型顯示器,其視使用之顯示模式而定,可在介電正性亦或在介電負性介質中使用染料。極有希望類型之液晶顯示器為所謂之"軸對稱微區域"(簡稱ASM)顯示器,其較佳地借助於電漿排列定址("電漿定址液晶顯示器"之PA LCD)。
在上述液晶顯示器及在所有應用類似效應之液晶顯示器中使用之液晶介質通常包含具有相應介電各向異性之液晶化合物,意即在介電正性介質之情形下包含具有正介電各向異性之化合物且在介電負性介質之情形下包含具有負介電各向異性之化合物。
先前技術之液晶介質通常具有相對低之雙折射值、相對高之操作電壓(臨限電壓(V0)通常相對高,在一些情形下大於2.3V)及相對長之反應時間,其對可播放視頻之顯示器尤其不足。另外,該等液晶介質通常不適於高操作溫度及/或具有不足的低溫穩定性(LTS)。因此,舉例而言,向列相通常僅向下延伸至-20℃且在一些情形下僅向下延伸至-10℃。
大部分先前技術之液晶介質具有相對不利之△n之值,其通常顯著地小於0.11且在一些情形下小於0.10。然而,此等小△n值非尤其有利的,例如對於VAN顯示器而言,由於要求使用具有相對大之層厚度(4μm或更厚)之單元且因而導致對於多種應用不可接受之長響應時間。因此,在未扭轉引向器排列之情形下應用大約0.30μm之d.△n。
然而,使用具有極小層厚度之單元經常引起顯示器之低生產良率。對於炔速開關顯示器,較佳地需要在0.075至0.15範圍內之△n值。其既在ECB顯示器之情形下亦在IPS顯示器之情形下應用。
如上已經提及的,由於先前技術顯示器之響應時間通常太長,因此必須改善且因而降低液晶介質之黏度。其尤其應用於旋轉黏性γ1及特別是其在低溫下之值。流動黏度ν20之降低通常引起極希望之響應時間之縮短,尤其在具有液晶之垂直邊緣排列之顯示器的情形下(例如在ECB與VAN顯示器之情形下)。
為在電光顯示元件中工業化應用此效應,需要必須滿足多種要求的LC相。尤其重要的是對抗潮濕、空氣及諸如熱、紅外、可見及紫外區域之輻射及直流與交流電場之物理影響的化學抗性。
另外,要求可工業應用之LC相具有在合適溫度範圍內之液晶中間相及低黏度。
迄今所知之具有液晶中間相之系列化合物中不包括滿足所有此等要求之單個化合物。因而,一般製備2至25種,較佳地3至18種化合物之混合物以獲得可用作LC相之物質。然而,不可能以此方式容易地製備最佳之相,因為至今沒有具有顯著負介電各向異性與足夠長期穩定性之液晶材料可用。
基於ECB效應與視情況基於IPS或PALCD效應之顯示器至今需要欲使用之液晶混合物與特殊模式或特殊組態(尤其關於△n與△ε值及旋轉與流動黏度)之特定的、複雜的匹配。
令人驚奇的是,現已發現具有γ1與△n或其平方為特定比率之負各向異性之液晶混合物沒有先前技術之介質之缺點,或至少僅具有大幅降低之缺點。本發明之混合物概念使得可普遍應用於ECB效應之負混合物能夠易於用於各種模式之設想。本發明之混合物尤其適用於以MVA與PVA組態之VAN顯示器,另外適用於IPS、FFS及PA LCD。
除非另有說明,否則所有在本申請案中顯示之γ1/△n2之比值單位為[Pa.s]。
本發明之混合物之特徵在於其在ECB顯示器中之短響應時間、寬幅向列相及相對高之電壓保持比(HR)值。本發明具有此類型之γ1/△n2比的混合物另外展現極佳之電容臨限值且同時展現極好之低溫穩定性。
因此本發明亦係關於液晶混合物之用途,尤其用於基於ECB、PALCD及IPS效應之顯示器,且係關於含有本發明之混合物之相應顯示器。
本發明之混合物概念之較佳實施例說明如下。
本發明之混合物較佳地具有6-30之γ1/△n2,較佳地為6-22。
光學各向異性△n之值較佳地在0.08-0.12之範圍。特別較佳混合物為△n=.08±0.01,另外較佳地△n=0.10±0.005與△n=0.12±0.01。
該等臨限值V0(電容)較佳地在1.8-2.3V之範圍內。
滿足要求之γ1/△n2比率之混合物視△n、△ε及清澈點而定具有如下旋轉黏度,列表如下:
1. 70℃±5℃之清澈點與-3.0±0.6之△ε
γ1/△n2之比值較佳地在8.6-18.5之範圍。臨限值較佳地為<2.3V,尤其是在2.0-2.3V之範圍。
2. 70℃±5℃之清澈點與-4.0±0.4之△ε
γ1/△n2之比值較佳地在9.5-20.0之範圍。臨限值較佳地為<2.1V,尤其是在1.8-2.1V之範圍。
3. 70℃±5℃之清澈點與-5.0±0.6之△ε
γ1/△n2之比值較佳地在12.0-22.0之範圍。在△n值為0.08±0.005之情形下,該值亦可在26-28之範圍。臨限值較佳地為<1.9V,尤其是在1.7-1.8V之範圍。
4. 90℃±5℃之清澈點與-3.0±0.6之△ε
γ1/△n2之比值較佳地在12.0-23.0之範圍。臨限值較佳地為<2.6V,尤其是在2.30-2.55V之範圍。
5. 90℃±5℃之清澈點與-4.0±0.4之△ε
γ1/△n2之比值較佳地在14.5-22.0之範圍。臨限值較佳地為<2.25V,尤其是在2.00-2.25V之範圍。
6. 90℃±5℃之清澈點與-5.0±0.6之△ε
γ1/△n2之比值較佳地在18.0-25.0之範圍。在△n值為0.08±0.005之
情形下,該值亦可在40-45之範圍。臨限值較佳地為<2.0V,尤其是在1.8-2.0V之範圍。
根據本發明具有75-85℃之混合物各具有在上述70±5℃與90±5℃範圍之間的γ1/△n2值與γ1值。
本發明之混合物關於其組合物之較佳實施例如下所述:
a)包含式IA、IB及/或II中至少兩種化合物之液晶介質
其中R1與R2 分別彼此獨立地表示具有最多達15個C原子之H、烷基或烯基,該烷基或烯基係未經取代的、經CN或CF3單取代的或經鹵素至少單取代的,另外其中,在此等基團中之一或多個CH2基團可由-O-、-S-、,-C≡C-、-OCF2-、-CF2O-、-OC-O-或-O-CO-以所置換,使得O原子不會彼此直接相連,且V表示1至6。
R1與R2較佳地表示直鏈烷基或直鏈烯基。
其中R31與R32 分別彼此獨立地表示一具有最多達12個C原子之直鏈烷基、烷基烷氧基或烷氧基,且表示,,,或,且Z表示一單鍵、-C2H4-、-CH=CH-、-(CH2)4-、-(CH2)3O-、-O(CH2)3-、-CH=CHCH2CH2-、-CH2CH2CH=CH-、-CH2O-、-OCH2-、-CF2O-、-OCF2-、-COO-、-OCO-、-C2F4-、-CHFCF2-、-CF=CF-、-CH=CF-、-CF=CH-、-CH2-。
本發明之混合物可包含最多達50重量%之中性化合物,較佳地為選自式III之化合物。
c)包含四、五、六種或更多種,較佳地為二或三種式IA及/或IB之化合物之液晶介質。
d)其中式IA與IB中之R1與R2較佳具有如下含義之液晶介質:直鏈烷基、乙烯基、1E-烯基或3-烯基。
若R1及/或R2表示烯基,則其較佳地為CH2=CH、CH3-CH=CH、C3H7-CH=CH、CH2=CH-C2H4或CH3-CH=CH-C2H4。
在化合物IA、IB及II中,v較佳地表示2、3或4。
f)其中在混合物中式II之化合物作為整體之比例為至少10重量%之液晶介質。
h)其中在混合物中式III之化合物作為整體之比例為至少5重量%之液晶介質。
其中烷基與烷基*分別彼此獨立地表示一具有1-6個C原子之直鏈烷基,且烯基與烯基*分別彼此獨立地表示一具有2-6個C原子之直鏈烯基,較佳地為乙烯基、1E-烯基或3E-烯基。
根據本發明之介質較佳地包含式IIIa、式IIIb及/或式IIIe中之至少
一種化合物,較佳地含量為>5重量%,尤其是>10重量%,極其佳地為>20重量%。
k)大體上由下列化合物組成之液晶介質:10-40重量%之一或多種式IA與IB之化合物,及10-40重量%之一或多種式II之化合物。
烷基*較佳地表示CH3、C2H5或n-C3H7。
本發明之混合物較佳地包含式In-a或In-b之化合物,尤其是式In-a之化合物。混合物中茚滿化合物作為整體之比例為至少5重量%,較佳地為至少10重量%。
n)另外包含一或多種下式之化合物之液晶介質:
其中R13-R27分別彼此獨立地具有對R1所指示之含義,且z與m分別彼此獨立地表示1-6。RE表示H、CH3、C2H5或n-C3H7且x表示0、1、2或3。
該等化合物各自在混合物中作為整體較佳地以至少5重量%之量存在。
尤其適於具有在0.07-0.10,尤其在0.07-0.09範圍內之△n值之混合物。此等其中R27較佳地表示烷基之化合物較佳地以5-20重量%之濃度應用。
R較佳地為各具有1-6個C原子之直鏈烷基、烷氧基或烷基烷氧基、具有2-6個C原子之烯基或烯氧基。R較佳地表示甲基、乙基、丙基、丁基、戊基、己基、甲氧基、乙氧基、丙氧基、丁氧基、戊氧基。
根據本發明之介質較佳地包含2-30重量%,尤其是5-20重量%之量的式T-1至T-22之聯三苯。
尤其較佳的是式T-1、T-2、T-3及T-22。在此等化合物中,R較佳地表示烷基,此外為烷氧基,其各具有1-5個C原子。
在式B-1至B-4之化合物中,式B-1與B-4之化合物尤其較佳。
在化合物E-1至E-3中,化合物E-1尤其較佳。
其中R與烷基具有上述含義。
在化合物To-1與To-2中,R較佳地表示直鏈烷基或烷氧基。
式B-4之化合物此外較佳地與聯三苯類,較佳與T-1、T-2及/或T-3組合應用。
x)包含至少一種式T-1之化合物與至少一種式T-4之化合物之液晶介質。
此外,本發明係關於一種基於ECB效應而具有主動式矩陣定址之電光顯示器,特徵為其含有作為介電質之如請求項1至17中任一項之液晶介質。
該液晶混合物具有在20℃時至少60K之向列相範圍與至多30mm2.s-1,較佳<25mm2.s-1之流動黏度ν20。
旋轉黏度γ1較佳地為<200mPa.s,尤其是<190mPa.s。
液晶混合物中之雙折射率△n通常在0.07與0.16之間,較佳地在0.08與0.12之間。
本發明之混合物適於所有VA-TFT應用,例如VAN、MVA、(S)-
PVA、ASV。此外該等混合物適於具有負△ε之IPS(共平面切換)與FFS(邊緣場切換)LCD應用。
根據本發明之液晶相之式IA、IB、II及III的個別組份或為已知的,或者由於其製備方法係基於文獻中所描述之標準方法而因此可易於由熟習此項技術者自先前技術衍生得到。
根據本發明之顯示器中之向列液晶混合物通常包含兩種組份A與B,其本身由一或多種個別組份組成。
組份A之比例較佳地在45與100%之間,尤其在60與100%之間。
組份B具有顯著的向列原性(nematogeneity)與在20℃時不高於30mm2.s -1較佳地不高於25mm2.s-1之流動黏性。
尤其佳的組份B之個別化合物為在20℃時具有不高於18,較佳地不高於12mm2.s-1之流動黏性之極低黏性向列液晶。組份B為單變式或互變式向列,不具有近晶相且在降至極低溫度時可防止液晶混合物中出現近晶相。例如,若將具有高向列原性之多種材料各自加入近晶液晶混合物,則此等材料之向列原性可經由所達成之近晶相之抑制程度來比較。熟習此項技術者自文獻得知合適材料之多樣性。尤其佳者為式III之化合物,另外為式B-1至B-4,O-1與O-2之化合物。
此外,此等液晶相亦可包含多於18種化合物,較佳地為18至25種化合物。
該等相較佳地包含4至15種,尤其為5至12種式IA及/或IB、II及視情況之III之化合物。
除式IA及/或IB、II及III之化合物外,亦可存在其它組份,例如作為整體最多達混合物之45%之量,但較佳地最多達35%,尤其是最多達10%。
其它組份較佳地選自向列或向列原基物質,尤其是選自氧化偶氮苯類、亞苄基苯胺類、聯苯類、聯三苯類、苯甲酸苯酯或苯甲酸環己酯類、環己烷甲酸苯酯或環己烷甲酸環己酯類、苯基環己烷類、環己基聯苯類、環己基環己烷類、環己基萘類、1,4-雙環己基聯苯類或環己基嘧啶類、苯基或環己基二噁烷類、視情況之鹵代芪類、苄基苯基醚、二苯乙炔類及經取代之肉桂酸類的已知物質。
合適作為此類型之液晶相之組分的最重要之化合物可具有式IV:R9-L-G-E-R10 IV,
其中L與E各表示碳環基或雜環基環系統,其選自由1,4-二取代苯與環己烷環、4,4'-二取代聯苯、苯基環己烷與環己基環己烷系統、2,5-二取代嘧啶與1,3-二噁烷環、2,6-二取代萘、二及四氫萘、喹唑啉及四氫喹唑啉形成之群,
或C-C單鍵,Q表示鹵素,較佳地為氯或-CN,且R9與R10各表示具有最多達18個,較佳地最多達8個碳原子的烷基、烯基、烷氧基、烷醯基氧基或烷氧基羰氧基,或者此等基團中之一者表示CN、NC、NO2、NCS、SCN、CF3、OCF3、F、Cl或Br。
在多數此等化合物中,R9與R10彼此不相同,此等基團中之一者通常為烷基或烷氧基。所提議之取代基之其它變體亦為常用的。多種此等物質亦或其混合物為可購得的。所有此等物質可藉由自文獻已知之方法製備。
對於熟習此項技術者而言顯而易見,根據本發明之VA、IPS、FFS或PA LCD亦可包含其中(例如)H、N、O、Cl及F已由相應同位素替代之化合物。
根據本發明之液晶顯示器之構造符合一般幾何結構,如(例如)EP-A 0 240 379中所描述之。
除式IA、IB、II及III之化合物外,本發明之混合物較佳地包含一或多種上述化合物。
使用下列縮寫:(n、m=1-6;z=1-6)
根據本發明使用之液晶混合物本身以習知之方式製備。一般而言,以較小量使用之組份之所需量有利地在提高之溫度下溶於構成主要組份之組份。將該等組份之溶液在有機溶劑(例如丙酮、氯仿或甲醇)中混合且在完全混合後再次藉由(例如)蒸餾移除溶劑亦為可能。
在本申請案中,術語介電正性化合物表示具有△ε>1.5之化合物,術語介電中性化合物表示具有-1.5<△ε<1.5者且介電負性化合物表示具有△ε<-1.5者。在此該等化合物之介電各向異性藉由以下方法測定:將該等化合物之10%溶於液晶主體且在1kHz時於具有20μm之層厚度具有垂直且具有水平表面排列之每一情形下於至少一種測試台中測定此混合物之電容。量測電壓通常為0.5V至1.0V,但總是低於各個液晶混合物之電容臨限。
用於介電正性與介電中性化合物之主體混合物為ZLI-4792而用於介電負性化合物者為ZLI-2857,皆來自德國的Merck KGaA。對於欲研究之各個化合物之值係自添加欲研究之化合物且外推至所用化合物之100%之後主體混合物之介電常數的改變而得。
除非另有說明,否則術語臨限電壓在習知方式下係關於10%相對對比度(V10)之光學臨限。
然而,除非另外說明,否則在本申請案中術語臨限電壓在關於具有負介電各向異性之液晶混合物中用做電容臨限電壓(V0),亦稱之為Freedericks臨限。
除非另外說明,否則在此申請案中之所有濃度係以重量百分比表示且係關於相應混合物或混合物組份。所有物理性質係根據"Merck Liquid Crystals,Physical Properties of Liquid Crystals",Status Nov.
1997,Merck KGaA(德國)測定且適用於20℃之溫度,除非另外說明。△n在589nm下測定而△ε在1kHz下測定。
對具有負介電各向異性之液晶介質,臨限電壓在德國Merck KGaA生產之測試台中測定為電容臨限V0(亦稱之為Freedericks臨限)而液晶藉由來自Nissan Chemicals之排列層SE 1211垂直排列。
該等介電質另外亦可包含熟習此技術者已知及在文獻中描述之添加劑,例如UV吸收劑、抗氧化劑、自由基清除劑。例如,可添加0-15%之多向色染料,另外可添加導電性鹽,較佳地為4-己氧基苯甲酸乙基二甲基十二烷基銨、四苯基硼酸四丁基銨或冠醚之複合鹽(參看,例如Haller等人,Mol.Cryst.Liq.Cryst.第24卷,第249-258頁(1973)),以提高導電性,或可添加物質以改變介電各向異性、黏度及/或向列相之排列。此類型之物質在(例如)DE-A 22 09 127、22 40 864、23 21 632、23 38 281、24 50 088、26 37 430及28 53 728中描述。
必要時,根據本發明之液晶介質亦可包含習知量之對掌性摻雜劑。所用之此等摻雜劑之量基於混合物整體之量,總共為0至10%,較佳地為0.1至6%。所用之個別化合物之濃度較佳地為0.1至3%。當說明在液晶介質中液晶化合物之濃度與濃度範圍時,未考慮此等與相似添加劑之濃度。
表A說明可添加至本發明之混合物中之可能的摻雜劑。
下面在表B中敍述舉例而言可以0-10%之量添加至本發明之混合物之穩定劑。
該等組合物由複數種化合物組成,較佳地為3至30種,尤其佳地為6至20種且極其佳地為10至16種化合物,該等化合物以習知之方式混合。一般而言,以較少量使用之組份之所需量有利地在提高之溫度下溶於構成主要成分之組份中。若選擇之溫度在主要成分之清澈點之上,則溶解過程之完成尤其易於觀察。然而,亦可能藉由其它習知方法製備該等液晶混合物,例如使用預混和料或自所謂之"多容器(multibottle)系統"。
借助於合適添加劑,根據本發明之液晶相可進行修改以使得可在迄今已知之ECB、VAN、IPS、GH或ASM-PA LCD顯示器之任何類型中應用。
下列實例用以非限制地說明本發明。在實例中,液晶物質之熔點T(C,N)、自近晶(S)至向列(N)相之轉變T(S,N)及清澈點T(N,I)以攝氏度說明。
為量測電壓保持比,使用具有AI-3046排列層之測試台。
用於量測臨限電壓之顯示器具有以20μm分開之兩層平面平行外部平板與電極層,在該等外部平板內側具有覆蓋之SE-1211(Nissan Chemicals)排列層,其導致液晶之垂直排列。
實例M1
實例M2
實例M3
實例M4
實例M5
實例M6
實例M7
實例M8
實例M9
實例M10
實例M11
實例M12
實例M13
實例M14
實例M15
實例M16
實例M17
實例M18
實例M19
實例M20
實例M21
實例M22
實例M23
實例M24
實例M25
實例M26
實例M27
實例M28
實例M29
實例M30
實例M31
實例M32
實例M33
實例M34
實例M35
Claims (28)
- 一種基於具有負介電各向異性(△ε)之極性化合物的混合物之液晶介質,其中該介質具有在6至45Pa.s之範圍內的γ 1/△n2比值及>60℃之清澈點及-2.3之△ε且包含式IA、IB及/或II中至少兩種化合物
- 一種基於具有負介電各向異性(△ε)之極性化合物的混合物之液晶介質,其中該介質具有在6至45Pa.s之範圍內的γ 1/△n2比值及>60℃之清澈點及-2.3之△ε且包含式IA、IB及/或II中至少兩種化合物
- 如請求項1或2之液晶介質,其中該介質以>5重量%之含量包含選自該化學式IIIe-2及該化學式IIIe-3之化合物中之至少一種化合物。
- 如請求項1或2之液晶介質,其中該介質包含選自該化學式IIIe-2及該化學式IIIe-3之化合物中至少一種化合物。
- 如請求項4之液晶介質,其中該化學式IIIe-2及該化學式IIIe-3之化合物的烷基表示為具有3個碳原子之直鏈烷基。
- 如請求項9之液晶介質,其中請求項9所列之該化學式中的R27表示烷基。
- 如請求項9之液晶介質,其中請求項9所列之該化學式之該一或多種化合物以5-20重量%之濃度應用。
- 如請求項1或2之液晶介質,其中該介質包含選自由該化學式E-1、E-2及E-3組成之群之一或多種酯類且該等酯類在該混合物中作為整體之比例為至少10重量%。
- 如請求項1或2之液晶介質,其中該介質包含一或多種該式E-1之酯類。
- 如請求項1或2之液晶介質,其中該介質包含選自由該式To-1與To-2之化合物組成之群之一或多種二苯乙炔類且該一或多種二苯乙炔在混合物中作為整體之比例為至少5重量%。
- 如請求項1或2之液晶介質,其中該介質包含選自由該式To-1與To-2之化合物組成之群之一或多種二苯乙炔類且其R表示為直鏈烷基或烷氧基。
- 一種液晶顯示器,特徵為其含有作為介電質之如請求項1至27中任一項之液晶介質。
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