TWI464839B - 單層鑽石顆粒散熱器及其相關方法 - Google Patents

單層鑽石顆粒散熱器及其相關方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
TWI464839B
TWI464839B TW100133908A TW100133908A TWI464839B TW I464839 B TWI464839 B TW I464839B TW 100133908 A TW100133908 A TW 100133908A TW 100133908 A TW100133908 A TW 100133908A TW I464839 B TWI464839 B TW I464839B
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
diamond particles
heat sink
layer
metal
diamond
Prior art date
Application number
TW100133908A
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
TW201220445A (en
Inventor
Chien-Min Sung
Original Assignee
Ritedia Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=45874363&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=TWI464839(B) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Ritedia Corp filed Critical Ritedia Corp
Publication of TW201220445A publication Critical patent/TW201220445A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of TWI464839B publication Critical patent/TWI464839B/zh

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B53/00Devices or means for dressing or conditioning abrasive surfaces
    • B24B53/017Devices or means for dressing, cleaning or otherwise conditioning lapping tools
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H01L23/36Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
    • H01L23/373Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device or materials for thermal expansion adaptation, e.g. carbon
    • H01L23/3733Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device or materials for thermal expansion adaptation, e.g. carbon having a heterogeneous or anisotropic structure, e.g. powder or fibres in a matrix, wire mesh, porous structures
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24DTOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/0072Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using adhesives for bonding abrasive particles or grinding elements to a support, e.g. by gluing
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L23/00Details of semiconductor or other solid state devices
    • H01L23/34Arrangements for cooling, heating, ventilating or temperature compensation ; Temperature sensing arrangements
    • H01L23/36Selection of materials, or shaping, to facilitate cooling or heating, e.g. heatsinks
    • H01L23/373Cooling facilitated by selection of materials for the device or materials for thermal expansion adaptation, e.g. carbon
    • H01L23/3732Diamonds
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L2924/00Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
    • H01L2924/0001Technical content checked by a classifier
    • H01L2924/0002Not covered by any one of groups H01L24/00, H01L24/00 and H01L2224/00

Description

單層鑽石顆粒散熱器及其相關方法
本發明係提供一種降低熱引發缺陷之熱調節半導體裝置,及其相關方法。
依據1965年由英特爾共同創立人Gordon Moore所發現之摩爾定律,半導體工業之進展係依據摩爾定律進行著。此種趨勢使得積體電路(IC)或半導體晶片可每18個月增加一倍。藉此,此優點則帶來設計上的挑戰,其中一種挑戰則為散熱設計。經常來說,此階段的設計經常被忽略,或是在元件的最後生產階段才被加入。根據熱力學的第二定律,一封閉的系統中當進行更多的功率時,會得到更高的熵(entropy)。隨著中央處理器(CPU)的電力增加,較大的電流會產生更多量的熱。因此,為了防止電路短路或燃燒,必須將熵所產生的熱移除。習知技術中而言,CPU的電力通常為約70瓦(W)或以上。例如,0.13微米技術的CPU的瓦數可能超過100瓦。目前的散熱方法,如金屬(如,鋁或銅)鰭片散熱器、以及揮發散熱管,可能會不足以作為未來世代CPU的冷卻裝置。
半導體裝置會於使用期間產生大量的熱。因此散熱材料通常係熱耦荷至此種半導體裝置以為了藉由表面面積而達到更快速的散熱效果。其中一種已被使用的散熱材料則為銅。然而,此種設計具有缺失。銅的熱膨脹係數(coefficient of thermal expansion,CTE)是大部分半導體的三倍以上。而由於此缺點,該些於高溫中操作之如LED等半導體裝置則會產生內應力,且某些情形下應力會造成熱引發缺陷,如微裂痕、層分離、及類似缺陷。由於兩種材料之熱膨脹及收縮的速率不同,此種缺陷最初會在銅與半導體間的界面產生,並導致半導體的損壞。
本發明係提供一種降低熱引發缺陷之熱調節半導體裝置,及其相關方法。本發明一態樣中,例如,一種降低熱引發缺陷之熱調節半導體裝置,係包括一散熱器,係含有一單層鑽石顆粒於一薄金屬基體內;以及一半導體材料,係熱耦合至該散熱器。本發明一態樣中,在該散熱器與半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約50%。本發明另一態樣中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約5.0 ppm/℃。於又一態樣中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約3.0 ppm/℃。於又再一態樣中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約1.0 ppm/℃。
本發明又提供一種降低在散熱器與半導體間熱引發缺陷之方法。本發明一態樣中,該方法包括:設置一單層鑽石顆粒於一薄金屬散熱器中;以及將該散熱器熱耦合至一半導體材料,其中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約50%。本發明另一態樣中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約5.0 ppm/℃。於又一態樣中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約3.0 ppm/℃。於又再一態樣中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約1.0 ppm/℃。
另一態樣中,設置該單層鑽石顆粒於薄金屬散熱器中更包括:將該單層鑽石顆粒塗佈於一第一金屬層;並於該第一金屬層上設置一第二金屬層,使該單層鑽石顆粒夾置於其間。接著,利用充分地加熱和壓力,一起擠壓該第一及第二金屬層,以將鑽石顆粒固定於金屬層中。於一具體實施態樣中,第一及第二金屬層之至少一者之厚度係少於或等於約200μm。於另一具體實施態樣中,第一及第二金屬層之至少一者之厚度係少於或等於約100μm。
又另一態樣中,設置該單層鑽石顆粒於薄金屬散熱器中更包括:設置該單層鑽石顆粒於一金屬粉末中;並利用充分地加熱以燒結該金屬粉末,並施壓以固定該鑽石顆粒於已燒結之金屬中。於更一具體實施態樣中,設置該單層鑽石顆粒於金屬粉末,更包括:將該單層鑽石顆粒塗佈於一金屬層上;以及塗佈金屬粉末於該金屬層和鑽石顆粒上。
於再更一態樣中,設置該單層鑽石顆粒於薄金屬散熱器更包括:將該單層鑽石顆粒塗佈於一金屬基板上;將該金屬基板置於一含金屬離子之離子溶液中;以及通入電流至該離子溶液,使一金屬層電鍍形成於該金屬基板上,以穩固該鑽石顆粒。
本發明中,該散熱器可為各種態樣。該散熱器可具有任何可用的厚度,於某些情形下,薄型散熱器可更容易地裝設於半導體裝置中。而某些情形下,例如,散熱器的厚度範圍為約50μm至300μm。於另一態樣中,散熱器的厚度範圍為約100μm至200μm。此外,任何可作為本發明之散熱器的材料皆包含於本案之範圍中。於一態樣中,例如,散熱器之材料可包括如:鋁、銅、金、銀、鉑、及相似物,與其合金。於一具體實施態樣中,該散熱器係包括銅。於又一態樣中,該散熱器係包括鋁。
任何可幫助熱調整之半導體材料皆可用於本發明中並視於本發明之範圍內,其例子包括,但不限於:矽、碳化矽、矽化鍺(silicon germanium)、砷化鎵(gallium arsenide)、氮化鎵(gallium nitride)、鍺(germanium)、硫化鋅(zinc sulfide)、磷化鎵(gallium phosphide)、銻化鎵(gallium antimonide)、砷磷化鎵銦(gallium indium arsenide phosphide)、磷化鋁(aluminum phosphide)、砷化鋁(aluminum arsenide)、砷化鋁鎵(aluminum gallium arsenide)、氮化鎵(gallium nitride)、氮化硼(boron nitride)、氮化鋁(aluminum nitride)、砷化銦(indium arsenide)、磷化銦(indium phosphide)、銻化銦(indium antimonide)、氮化銦(indium nitride)、及相似物,與其組合。於一態樣中,半導體材料可包括氮化鎵、氮化鋁、或其組合。
於另一態樣中,係提供一種降低熱引發缺陷之熱調節半導體裝置。該裝置可包括:一散熱器,係含有一薄金屬層;一第一單層鑽石顆粒,係設置於薄金屬層之一側;一第二單層鑽石顆粒,係設置於相對該第一單層鑽石顆粒之另一側;以及一金屬基體,係將該第一及第二單層鑽石顆粒結合至該薄金屬層。該裝置更包括一半導體材料,係熱耦合至該散熱器,其中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約50%。
以上係廣泛地概述本發明之各種特徵,而以下係更詳述描述使更能了解本發明,而更可理解本發明相對於習知技術之優越處。本發明之其他特徵將於以下伴隨著申請專利範圍更詳細描述,或可透過具體練習而學習本發明。
應該被瞭解的是,上述圖式僅用於說明目,以進一步瞭解本發明。此外,圖式未標示尺規,而尺寸,顆粒大小,和其它態樣,為了更清楚說明,可以誇大製作。因此,為了製造本發明之散熱器,該圖式所示具體尺寸和態樣之可具有偏差。
在詳細解釋本發明前,應了解本發明不限於在此所揭示之該特定結構、方法步驟、或材料,而可擴大延伸至其同等物,如該些具有通常相關習知技術者可推之。並且,應了解在此所用之字彙僅用於描述特定實施例,而非限制本發明。
本發明中,該些用於說明書以及權利範圍中之單數用詞「一(a)」、「一(an)」、以及「該(the)」,除非內文有清楚另外注釋則除外,係包括複數之態樣。因此,「一鑽石顆粒」則可包含一或多個此等顆粒,以及「該層」係指一或多個此層。
本發明之說明書及專利權利範圍中,該些用語係如上述所定義。
在此,「顆粒」在此係指鑽石顆粒,且係表示為鑽石之顆粒型態。此顆粒可具有各種形狀,包括:圓形、橢圓形、方塊形、自形的(euhedral)、等;亦可為單晶或多晶;且可具有各種篩孔大小。習知技術中,「篩孔」係指美國篩孔(U.S. meshes)中,每單位面積之孔洞數目。在此所指之篩孔大小,除非有另行註解,皆指美國篩孔大小。再者,由於具有某「篩孔大小」之顆粒實際上係具有一小的尺寸分布範圍,因此篩孔大小係指所收集得到的顆粒的平均篩孔尺寸。在此,「散熱器」係指一可分佈或傳導熱,並將熱量由熱源導出之材料或複合物。
在此,「熱源」係指一具有某熱能量或大於此量的裝置或物體。熱源可包含由於操作產生副產物為熱之裝置,以及受到另一加熱源傳熱而加熱至某高於預期溫度的物體。
在此,「燒結」係指將二種或以上的獨立顆粒連結而形成一連續固態團塊。該燒結的步驟係包括:將顆粒共固化至至少部份地消除顆粒間之空隙。一般鑽石顆粒的燒結需要超高壓,以及碳溶劑的存在以作為鑽石燒結助劑。
該「金屬(metallic)」係指金屬以及類金屬(metalloid)。金屬係包括一般認知為金屬(發現自過度金屬、鹼金屬、及鹼土金屬在內)的化合物。舉例而言,金屬可為銀(Ag)、金(Au)、銅(Cu)、鋁(Al)及鐵(Fe)。類金屬具體包括矽(Si)、硼(B)、鍺(Ge)、銻(Sb)、砷(As)及碲(Te)。金屬材料亦包括合金或混合物,其混合物包括金屬材料。此合金或混合物可更包括額外的添加物。在本發明中,可包括以碳化物形成物(carbide former)及碳濕潤劑(carbon wetting agent)作為合金或混合物,但預期不會是唯一的金屬組成。碳化物形成物可為如鈧(Sc)、釔(Y)、鈦(Ti)、鋯(Zr)、鉿(Hf)、釩(V)、鈮(Nb)、鉻(Cr)、鉬(Mo)、錳(Mn)、鉭(Ta)、鎢(W)及鎝(Tc)。碳濕潤劑可為如鈷(Co)、鎳(Ni)、錳(Mn)及鉻(Cr)。
在此,「化學鍵(chemical bond)」及「化學鍵結(chemical bonding)」係可互換使用,其係表示一分子鍵,其可提供原子間的吸引力,使其足夠以於原子間中間面產生一二元固態化合物。
在本文中,「熔滲(infiltrating)」意指當一材料加熱至其熔點,接著以液態形式流動經過粒子間的間隙空洞。
在此,該「等級(grade)」一詞係表示鑽石顆粒之品質。較高等級係表示鑽石具有較少的缺陷以及異質。人工合成鑽石比天然鑽石更容易在製造過程中產生異質物。具有較少瑕疵和異質物之鑽石具有較佳的熱傳導性,因此較適合用於本發明中。此外,具有瑕疵及較多異質物之鑽石會於某些製成條件中容易毀損。選擇具高等級鑽石,係表示超越依照如尺寸、價錢、及/或形狀進行篩選,而對於鑽石進行有意識的選擇。較高等級鑽石代表著,在製備最少有效等級鑽石顆粒步驟後再增加至少一步驟,通常為多於一個步驟。相較於具有相同尺寸鑽石,此多出的等級一般係會增加成本。高等級或更高等級鑽石顆粒之例子包括Diamond Innovations MBS-960、Element Six SDB1100、以及Iljin Diamond ISD1700。
在本文中,「實質上(substantially)」一詞意指一動作、特徵、特性、狀態、結構、項目、或結果具有完全的或接近完全的範圍或程度。舉例而言,一「實質上」封閉的物體意指該物體不是完全地封閉就是接近完全地封閉。相較於絕對的完整,其確切可接受之誤差程度可視文中具體情況而定。然而,一般談到接近完成可視為如同絕對及完全得到具有相同的整體結果。
「實質上(substantially)」一詞可同樣地應用於一負面含意,其意指一動作、特徵、特性、狀態、結構、項目、或結果為完全的或接近完全的缺乏。舉例而言,一組成物「實質上沒有」顆粒意指該組成物不是完全地缺乏顆粒就是接近完全地缺乏顆粒,其影響如同完全地缺乏顆粒一樣。換句話說,一「實質上沒有」一成分或元素之組成物,只要不具有重要的影響,實際上可仍包含此項目(指該成分或元素)。
在本文中,「約(about)」一詞意指提供一數值範圍端點的彈性空間,即一給定值可以「稍微高於」或「稍微低於」此數值端點。
在本文中,複數的項目、結構元素、組成元件及/或材料可為了方便以一般的列舉呈現。然而,此些列舉中應解釋每個列舉元件可為單獨且獨特的元件。因此,基於一般呈現而未有相對之其他描述的群組內,此列舉的單獨元件不需要單獨地被解釋為事實上相等於其他相同列舉出的元件。
本文中,濃度、含量或其它數據可以用一範圍形式以表達或呈現。應瞭解所述範圍形式僅為方便和簡潔而使用,因此應被彈性地解釋,數值不僅包括明確列舉之範圍界限,而且包括所述範圍內包含的所有單獨數值或子範圍,如同各數值和子範圍被明確列舉一樣。例如,「大約1微米到大約5微米」的數值範圍應被解釋為不僅包括大約1微米到大約5微米的明確列舉的值,而且包括所指範圍內的單獨值和子範圍。於是,所述數值範圍中包括的為諸如2、3和4的單獨值以及諸如從1-3、從2-4、與從3-5等的子範圍,以及1、2、3、4、及5。相同原理適用於僅列舉一個數值的範圍之最小或最大值。此外,不管被描述範圍之幅度或特性,此解釋都將適用。
發明人發現當散熱器具有與半導體裝置或材料相近的熱膨脹係數(coefficient of thermal expansion,CTE)時,可直接與該半導體耦合而不需再使用熱介材料(thermal interface material,TIM)。使用相配的熱膨脹係數,可大幅減少熱引發缺陷(如,微裂痕、層分離、以及相似情形),而此些缺陷係經常於加熱及冷卻中,由於半導體材料以及散熱器之膨脹及/或收縮速率不同而造成。
鑽石材料之熱傳導率一般比銅大2至4倍。然而,鑽石的CTE約為銅的1/10。因此,將鑽石材料導入至散熱器基體(matrix)(如,銅)結合,則可增加散熱器之熱傳導率,且同時可提供更一致的CTE與該半導體相配。於許多情形中,散熱器可直接結合至半導體材料。圖3中,係顯示不同材料的熱膨脹係數以及熱傳導率。
然而,將鑽石材料(如,鑽石顆粒)設置於散熱器基體(如,銅)中,可能是一種挑戰。例如,融熔銅不易濕潤鑽石顆粒。因此,將鑽石顆粒以融溶銅熔滲可能需要非常的高壓,例如以六面頂壓機所產生的壓力。而使用此高壓裝置的必要性則限制了散熱器的尺寸,且會提高生產成本。
本發明之發明人發現用於穩固鑽石顆粒於散熱器基體之技術。如此,可將鑽石顆粒容易地加入至散熱器中,以增加熱傳導率,並調整其CTE更接近半導體材料的CTE。由於熱循環,此種裝置可降低在散熱器與半導體間之界面應力,而使減少熱引發缺陷之產生。
在此,所示之態樣之各種細節係可應用至各個散熱器、熱控制系統、以及上述之製備方法。因此,於探討某一特殊態樣時,其係可推及至支持本說明書中其他的相關態樣。
藉此,本發明提供了一種裝置、系統、以及促進半導體裝置之熱調節方法。如圖1所示,本發明一態樣中係提供一種降低熱引發缺陷之熱調節半導體裝置。此裝置可包含有一散熱器,係具有一單層鑽石顆粒12在一薄金屬基體14內。且此裝置可更包括一半導體材料16,其係熱耦合至散熱器10。於一例子中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約50%。於另一例子中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約5.0 ppm/C°。又於另一例子中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約3.0 ppm/C°。於又一例子中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約1.0 ppm/C°。於更一例子中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約0.5 ppm/C°。於再一例子中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約0.25 ppm/C°。散熱器熱耦合至半導體材料的方式有許多方法均可被使用。例如,以合金硬焊(brazing)、焊接、電鍍、其相似方法。一例子中,散熱器可藉由焊接層18耦合至半導體材料16。於另一例子中,散熱器可藉由熱界面材料之中間層而耦合至半導體材料層。
具有單層鑽石顆粒的散熱器可提供經濟及有效之熱量管理機制。將複數個鑽石顆粒以單一顆粒厚度之單層方式設置於散熱器中,使其連接於熱源時,可作為熱量管理之有效經濟設計。某些例子中,實質上沒有鑽石顆粒以單層之外的方式存在於金屬或金屬基體。於另一例子中,散熱器可包括有多層鑽石顆粒,其係與其它層不相同或為分離。
本發明之散熱器可具有各種樣式以及整體尺寸。任何樣式或物理尺寸,只要金屬或金屬基體中包含有單層鑽石即視為本發明之範疇。然而,於某些例子中,本技術可使散熱器裝置薄型化,因此可容易地合併半導體裝置及半導體系統。例如,某例子中,散熱器厚度可為約50μm至300μm。於另一例子中,散熱器厚度可為約100μm至200μm。於再另一例子中,散熱器厚度可為約300μm至1 mm。此外,當散熱氣之厚度為1 mm以上時,亦可視為在本發明之範圍中。例如,散熱器厚度可大於2 mm,或是大於4 mm。
單層鑽石顆粒之密度對於裝置的熱調節效果會有所影響。雖任何鑽石顆粒之密度皆應包含在本發明範圍內,但越大的封裝程度則會產生更高之熱調節性。例如,於一例子中,單層中的鑽石顆粒密度可為大於或等於50%。於另一例子中,單層中的鑽石顆粒密度可為大於或等於60%。於又另一例子中,單層中的鑽石顆粒密度可為大於或等於70%。於再一例子中,單層中的鑽石顆粒密度可為大於或等於80%。於更再一例子中,於單層內,實質上所有鑽石顆粒係與至少一另一鑽石顆粒相接觸。例如,於單層中,所有鑽石彼此相接觸,則會達到100%的鑽石顆粒密度。
如上述,鑽石顆粒可用於增加散熱器的熱傳導率,同時可調節或減少在散熱器與半導體材料間之CTE差異。許多因素皆可使散熱器的熱傳導率增加,例如CTE的差異。例如,於某例子中,可使用較高等級的鑽石顆粒。如果鑽石顆粒含有不純物或具有其他缺陷時,該低品質工業鑽石顆粒的熱傳導率將不會比金屬材料(如,銅)更高。高品質鑽石顆粒比低品質鑽石顆粒具有較高的熱傳導。因此,使用較高等級鑽石顆粒可增加散熱器之整體熱傳導率。
於另一態樣中,具規則形狀的鑽石顆粒亦可增加散熱器熱傳導率,如同提升CTE之相配性一樣。根據裝置的不同設計,較佳係使用具有規則形狀及/或尺寸的鑽石顆粒並將此等鑽石顆粒排列,以提升熱調節性以及CTE之和緩。而各種因素可影響該目標。例如,於某一例子中,鑽石顆粒可直接與另一鑽石顆粒以物理性地接觸,而此接觸係為鑽石-鑽石,而非鑽石-基體-鑽石(diamond-to-matrix-to-diamond)。例如,所製得的單層鑽石,其實質上所有單層中之鑽石顆粒係與單層中之至少另一鑽石顆粒直接接觸。因此,於某一例子中,實質上所有單層鑽石中之鑽石顆粒係為鑽石-鑽石接觸。於另一例子中,實質上所有單層鑽石中之鑽石顆粒係直接與一或以上的鑽石顆粒接觸並延伸,以提供一連續鑽石顆粒路徑而用於熱量流動。此外,於某些例子中,鑽石顆粒可與另一者在金屬層內隔開,使許多或所有的鑽石顆粒不會與其他鑽石顆粒接觸,或可實質上與其他鑽石顆粒接觸。
於又一態樣中,單層鑽石中的鑽石顆粒可經由相同或相似的方向排列,此排列可更提升熱傳導率並同時減少CTE的差異。除了相似的形狀、尺寸、以及方向,單層鑽石中之鑽石顆粒彼此間的接觸可為最大化。例如,一單層中具有面與面接觸的鑽石顆粒的熱調節性會大於單層中鑽石以邊與邊接觸,或甚至為邊與面之接觸的熱調節性。鑽石顆粒中互相接觸面積的最大化可使熱傳導率提升。而將接觸面積之最大化可藉由使鑽石顆粒具有相同或相近尺寸來達成。雖然不論具有任何形狀的鑽石皆可使用,但於一例子中,使用同樣具有立方形狀的鑽石顆粒可使單層中的鑽石顆粒的密度增加。
尺寸亦會影響鑽石顆粒之熱量傳導能力以及調節CTE差異。由於較大顆粒具有連續晶格,具有相同重量的複數鑽石顆粒的集結更高,使較大鑽石顆粒之熱量傳遞更有效。於某一例子中,單層鑽石中的鑽石顆粒實質上具有相同的尺寸。雖然各種尺寸的鑽石皆可使用,一例子中,鑽石顆粒之尺寸範圍可為約10μm至約2mm。於另一例子中,鑽石顆粒之尺寸範圍可為約35μm至約1 mm。於又一例子中,鑽石顆粒之尺寸範圍可為約50μm至約200μm。
各種金屬及金屬性材料皆可使用於本發明之金屬散熱器中。此些材料可使用作為金屬層、薄金屬層、金屬基體、及相似物。任何導熱金屬或金屬性材料,只要可穩固鑽石顆粒者,皆可用於本發明中。例如,某一例子中,金屬性材料實質上可為純金屬性材料。金屬性具了解係包含有金屬以及金屬合金(如,Si、B、Ge、Sb、As、及Te)。於另一例子中,金屬性材料包括有多金屬或金屬混合物、合金、明顯層、及相似物。其例子包括,鋁、銅、金、銀、鉑、及其合金與混合物,但不限於此。於一具體態樣中,金屬散熱器包括銅。於一具體態樣中,可使鈦包含於銅基體中,使鑽石顆粒具適當的潤澤。
雖單層鑽石顆粒可設置於金屬散熱器之中心,但於某些態樣中該單層可設置於接近於金屬散熱器層的一側。此種設計中,具有單層鑽石之金屬層一側接近於表面,並可設置與該熱源相近。因此,散熱器中接近至熱源之區域,可相對於遠離熱源之區域具有較高的熱傳導率。
應知道的是,在鑽石顆粒與及金屬性或金屬散熱器間的界面熱性質,可能會受到散熱器之設計影響。例如,此些界面間的孔洞可能會成為熱傳遞的阻礙。因此,散熱器裝置中,鑽石顆粒直接與單層中另一鑽石顆粒接觸,以及鑽石與金屬散熱器材料緻密接觸,其將相較於未接觸具有更高的熱傳導率。因此,鑽石顆粒可塗佈有一材料以提升散熱器的熱傳導率及/或改善在鑽石顆粒與金屬散熱器間的界面穩固。於一例子中,鑽石顆粒可被碳化成形物塗佈。該可用於塗佈於鑽石顆粒之材料,其例子包括:鈦、鎳、鉻、及相似物,但不限於。除了塗佈以外,製備過程中可將金屬基體於壓力下熔滲入單層鑽石顆粒,使散熱器的孔洞影像減少。
此外,本發明又提供一種降低在散熱器與半導體裝置間熱引發缺陷之方法,如圖2所示。此方法包括:設置一單層鑽石顆粒於一金屬散熱器22中;以及將該散熱器熱耦合至一半導體材料24。設置單層鑽石顆粒於金屬散熱器中的方式可使用各種方法,而此些任何方式皆屬於本發明之範疇中。於一例子中,設置單層鑽石顆粒於金屬散熱器中的方式可包括:將該單層鑽石顆粒塗佈於一第一金屬層;於該第一金屬層上設置一第二金屬層,使該單層鑽石顆粒夾置於其間;以及利用充分地加熱及壓力,一起擠壓該第一及第二金屬層,以將鑽石顆粒固定於金屬層中。不同於融熔金屬熔滲方式,需要高溫及高壓,本發明之散熱器可藉由將單層鑽石顆粒於該二金屬層間以一相對低的溫度及壓力下擠壓形成。此外,由於金屬層的薄形特性,使散熱器可薄型化。例如,一例子中,第一和第二金屬層之至少一層係少於或等於約200 μm之厚度。於另一例子中,第一和第二金屬層之至少一層係少於或等於約100 μm之厚度。於又一例子中,第一和第二金屬層之至少一層係為約100 μm至約3 mm。於再一例子中,第一和第二金屬層之至少一層係為約500 μm至約2 mm。此外,於形成此裝置的過程中,依據所使用的材料及裝備,可使用不同的溫度以及壓力。例如,於一例子中,所使用的溫度可為約700℃至約1000°C。於另一例子中,所使用的壓力可為約10 MPa至約50 MPa。應知道的是,該金屬層可具有各種態樣。例如,於一例子中,一或以上的金屬層可為固態金屬,例如金屬薄片。於另一例子中,一或以上的金屬可為加壓粉末。例如,將金屬粉末置放於模具中,並冷壓已形成一金屬層。
本發明另一態樣中,設置該單層鑽石顆粒於金屬散熱器中之步驟可包括:設置該單層鑽石顆粒於一金屬粉末中;以及利用充分地加熱以燒結該金屬粉末,並擠壓該鑽石顆粒以固定於已燒結金屬中。此態樣中,金屬粉末燒結可於散熱器裝置的形成中,使單層鑽石顆粒於低溫及低壓力下嵌埋於其中而形成。例如,於一例子中,溫度範圍為約700℃至約1000℃。於另一例子中,所使用的壓力可為約10 MPa至約50 MPa。於一相關的態樣中,設置該單層鑽石顆粒於一金屬粉末中的步驟可包括:將該單層鑽石顆粒塗佈於一金屬層上;以及將該金屬粉末塗佈於該金屬層以及鑽石顆粒上。該金屬層、單層鑽石顆粒、以及該金屬粉末,接著可以足夠的溫度與壓力燒結,使鑽石顆粒嵌埋於之間。另一態樣中,一金屬硬焊材料可熔滲進入至該已燒結材料中。
於又一態樣中,設置該單層鑽石顆粒於該金屬散熱器中之步驟可包括:將該單層鑽石顆粒塗佈於一金屬基板上;將該金屬基板置於一含有金屬離子之離子溶液中;以及通入電流至該離子溶液,使一金屬層電鍍形成於該金屬基板上,以穩固該鑽石顆粒。如此方法,則可形成一嵌埋有單層鑽石顆粒之固態金屬散熱器。於另一態樣中,鑽石顆粒可在電鍍前經由硬焊(braze)以穩固至一金屬基板。在此,任何金屬或金屬合金皆可用於硬焊(braze),只要其可使鑽石顆粒可以穩固至金屬基板上即可。其例子包括,鎳、鎳合金、及相似物,但不限於此。
如上述,可將該具有嵌埋單層鑽石顆粒之金屬散熱器耦合至一半導體層。各種的半導體材料皆可使用,且係依照半導體裝置的預期設計而改變。半導體材料的例子包括:矽、碳化矽、矽化鍺(silicon germanium)、砷化鎵(gallium arsenide)、氮化鎵(gallium nitride)、鍺(germanium)、硫化鋅(zinc sulfide)、磷化鎵(gallium phosphide)、銻化鎵(gallium antimonide)、砷磷化鎵銦(gallium indium arsenide phosphide)、磷化鋁(aluminum phosphide)、砷化鋁(aluminum arsenide)、砷化鋁鎵(aluminum gallium arsenide)、氮化鎵(gallium nitride)、氮化硼(boron nitride)、氮化鋁(aluminum nitride)、砷化銦(indium arsenide)、磷化銦(indium phosphide)、銻化銦(indium antimonide)、氮化銦(indizm nitride)、及其複合物,但不限於此。於一具體實施態樣中,該半導體材料包括一構件係選自群組包括:氮化鎵、氮化鋁、及其複合物。
如上述,該金屬散熱器耦合至半導體層材料可使用各種方式進行,例如,硬焊、焊接、或相似方法。於一例子中,散熱器可使用焊接方式耦合至半導體層材料。散熱器中所存在之單層鑽石顆粒可幫助調節在金屬層與半導體間CTE的匹配性,使悍接(soldering)不會引起明顯的熱引發缺陷。也就是說,由於半導體層以及熔滲鑽石顆粒之散熱器中,因此膨脹及收縮在相似的速率,使層分離、微裂痕等缺陷可得以避免或最小化。
本發明一態樣中的散熱器可裝設於各種裝置中。例如,LED裝置由於其尺寸而產生實質上熱量。而同時,此些LED裝置經常係設置於一小的封閉以及狹窄空間中。而將散熱裝置耦合裝設至LED裝置即可在僅略為增加厚度下,產生一足夠的冷卻。此外,本發明一例子中,散熱器可耦合至CPU裝置、雷射二極體、線路板、以及其他線路裝載材料、及類似物。
於本發明另一態樣中,係提供一種複數個單層鑽石顆粒之熱調節半導體裝置。例如,如圖4所示,此裝置可包括有一散熱器,散熱器具有一薄金屬層42;一第一單層鑽石顆粒44設置於該薄金屬層42之一側;以及一第二鑽單層石顆粒46,係設置於該金屬層42之另一側,並相對該第一單層鑽石顆粒44。金屬基體材料48係將該第一及第二單層鑽石顆粒44,46結合至該薄金屬層42。此外,如圖1中所討論,半導體材料16係熱耦合至散熱器,其中在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約50%。該散熱器可藉由習知任何方法熱耦合至半導體材料16。例如,於一例子中,散熱器可藉由悍接層18焊接至半導體材料16。
除了散熱器裝置,本發明之各種技術亦可用於製備具有非常接近平坦之鑽石尖端之工具。應知道,用於工具之詳細技術亦可應用至散熱裝置,因此其技術可作為散熱裝置之技術支援。該工具之一例子為CMP墊修整器。因此,藉由於低溫下擠壓鍵結於平坦表面,使鑽石顆粒可平坦及穩固於銅或其他金屬材料中,,如此可消除許多CMP墊修整器之製備過程中之熱變形相關問題。例如,一例子中,金屬層可於金屬層之相對二側設置單層鑽石顆粒。鑽石顆粒可使用黏著劑暫時耦合設置至該金屬層,該黏著劑會接著於加熱時揮發並消失。金屬層則可增厚,而強化該工具。而此金屬層的增厚,促使鑽石顆粒嵌埋於金屬材料中。如此,鑽石顆粒可藉由合金硬焊、熱壓、電鍍、或相關技術結合至金屬層。
鑽石顆粒可以一預定的圖案排列,且更可具有一固定間距或方向性。於金屬層之每一側設置單一鑽石層可調節硬焊溫度所造成的熱收縮,其中該溫度係將鑽石分佈固定於一側所用。藉由塗佈一鑽石層至金屬或支撐層之每一側一,可使兩側之扭曲作用力(如,熱量移動及壓力,)可為相等或實質上相等。如此,可將金屬或支撐層的扭曲降到最小。也就是說,彎曲所造成的作用力,實質上會平均地施加於金屬層的每一側,因而可互相相抵,如此可將扭曲之發生降至最小。於某些態樣中,該金屬層每一側的單一(single)或單個(mono)鑽石層彼此間可具有相配的形態、圖案、或方向性。如此,在金屬層每一側之鑽石顆粒實質上具有相配的空間配置。另一態樣中,該些形態、圖案、或方向可彼此間為不同,或是部分相配。於又一態樣中,圖案化設置於金屬層一側的鑽石顆粒,可依照金屬層另一側之鑽石顆粒圖案而排列,使顆粒的位置互相對應。於某些態樣中,金屬層一側之鑽石顆粒的空間配置與金屬層另一側的鑽石顆粒的空間位置之間可直接對應。於另一態樣中,該鑽石顆粒之圖案可彼此互相相配或實質上相配,或是於金屬層之對對側面偏移,使顆粒的位置不會互相相配。
將支撐層的扭曲最小化的優點與所完成工具之鑽石顆粒尖端的平坦化有關。當使用加熱及/壓力製備超研磨工具時時,即使該些顆粒已於加熱及/或加壓前預先平坦化,該支撐層之扭曲會使得尖端高度之平坦度產生變化。藉由鑽石顆粒的配置,可使支撐層兩側之扭曲作用力可平均或實質上平均地分佈,而使這些支撐層內扭曲程度相關的作用力有效地互相抵銷,如此亦可將鑽石顆粒與其他鑽石顆粒之間的相關高度移動最小化。應知道的是,本發明中,「高度」以及與高度相關的描述(如,高於、最高,等)係指在該支撐層垂直方向之距離。此外,該「突出率」係指一顆粒由參考點突出的高度或距離。於許多情形中,突出距離可由該支撐層或支撐層之特定表面而測量。因此,該尖端突出率或該尖端突出高度則應為研磨顆粒尖端由參考點(例如,支撐層表面)所突出距離。相似地,在二個顆粒間之相對突出高度差係為此些顆粒由參考點(如,支撐層)所量測突出高度差異。應注意的是,由於此為相對測量,因此參考點位置並無關係,只要由共通的參考點即可測量。此外,於某些情況中,超研磨顆粒可以一傾斜角度、彎曲度、或其它非平行於支撐層之配置。此些情形中,該突出高度需對照傾斜角度、彎曲度、或其他樣式配置進行校正,以使得顆粒之間之高度差可在不受傾斜角度、彎曲度、等的影響下測量得到。
本發明一態樣中,上述描述之該些工具可具有非常小相對高度差異之鑽石顆粒尖端。例如,一態樣中,工具內之複數鑽石顆粒中,突出最高的鑽石顆粒尖端之突出距離,係相對於突出次高的鑽石顆粒尖端之少於或等於20微米。於另一態樣中,工具內之複數鑽石顆粒中,突出最高的鑽石顆粒尖端之突出距離,係相對於突出次高的鑽石顆粒尖端少於或等於10微米。於又一態樣中,該些複數鑽石顆粒中,鑽石顆粒的突出尖端之最高10%,其突出距離係在20微米以內。於更一態樣中,該些複數鑽石顆粒中,鑽石顆粒的突出尖端之最高10%,其突出距離係在10微米以內。
此外,剛性支撐層可耦合至裝置,以幫助操作及使用。例如,某一態樣中,剛性支撐層可耦合至金屬層一側之鑽石顆粒,以使金屬層另一側的鑽石顆粒平坦化,並可露出出用於修整CMP墊。此剛性支撐層可以由任何適用於磨損或修整程序之材料製得。此材料可包括高分子材料、金屬材料、陶瓷材料、及其類似物。在一態樣中,剛性支持體可為高分子材料,並可利用加熱、擠壓、黏著劑等方式將鑽石顆粒嵌入其中。在一些態樣中,剛性支持體可為非高分子材料,如金屬層。在上述情況下,可藉由黏著劑黏附、焊接、硬焊、電鍍、及其類似方式將鑽石顆粒結合至剛性支持體。關於硬焊技術,在加熱及冷卻過程中,不會導致金屬層扭曲。
在一態樣中,鑽石顆粒可透過使用含有鉻的鎳基合金將鑽石顆粒硬焊至金屬層。於另一態樣中,該硬焊可包含:將鑽石晶體與一無法與焊料結合之平坦陶瓷材料擠壓。各種焊料合金之例子包括:BNi2、BNi7、及相似物,但不限於。此外,可使用各種鑽石顆粒尺寸,其可包括篩孔大小如10/20、30/40、80/90、90/100、100/120、120/140、140/170、170/200、200/230、230/270、270/325、及325/400。
以下係以各種方式製作本發明之散熱器的實施例。此些實施例僅用於說明,並不會限縮本發明之範圍。
實施例 1
將塗佈鈦之鑽石顆粒以單層設置於一第一銅金屬層。將第二銅金屬層設置於該單層鑽石之頂部,並相對該第一銅金屬層。將此銅三明治結構熱壓以形成一中間夾有單層鑽石顆粒之散熱器。氫化DLC塗佈於散熱器之一側作為絕緣層。透過濺鍍塗佈有Cr及Cu。該銅可經由電鍍使其加厚(如,至35μm)。銅層可經微影蝕刻形成線路。將一側具有藍寶石且另一側具有二個電極之LED晶圓耦合至該經蝕刻所形成的線路,而使該二電極分別連接至二個線路。
實施例 2
將具有GaN於藍寶石上之LED晶圓利用金進行金屬化。並將實施例1之銅散熱器焊接至該金屬化GaN。將藍寶石以雷射照射使其分離,將GaN材料以氧化銦錫(ITO)塗佈以作為透明電極,並塗佈有一小面積之金作為陽極。該銅質散熱器係作為陰極。此垂直式堆疊LED係於裝置之相對兩側具有相對電極,因此由於可降低足跡(foot print)和增加冷卻性,因此可得到更有效的發光性。
實施例 3
一薄金屬層(如,100微米厚的銅)具有一黏著層(即,3M生產,25微米,易變化(即,易揮發而不會殘留碳))於每一側。將塗佈鈦之鑽石顆粒(如,約50微米)分散於兩側,以在每一側製作出單層鑽石顆粒,並移除多餘的鑽石。將層設置於覆蓋了銅粉末薄層的石墨模具內。再加另一層銅粉末薄層在該層上。然後將此組件(assembly)在真空或惰性氣體下熱壓(如,900C,20分鐘),以形成兩側銅層之平坦碟盤。因鈦塗層的存在,使銅與鑽石顆粒更穩固地結合。該碟盤的平坦度可藉由平坦的模具表面而維持。然後將該碟盤兩側抛光,使其表面平整。而所形成的碟盤含有二個鑽石層在銅基體內,使其具有高熱傳導率及低CTE。
實施例 4
如同實施例3,但薄金屬銅層具有一硬焊合金層(即,Cu-Sn-Ti或Ag-Cu-Ti)耦合至每一側。未塗佈的鑽石顆粒以黏結劑設置於硬焊合金層之暴露側。將該組件在真空爐加熱融熔焊料,形成一銅層覆蓋於在兩側之鑽石晶體。將鑽石附著層懸浮於連接至陰極的CuSO4 電解質溶液。該陽極係一銅電極。在將電流通過電解質後,銅會被電鍍在銅層以及鑽石顆粒間的間隙。此形成的結構為一銅散熱器,並具有二個單層鑽石設置其中。
實施例 5
如同實施例4,但以薄鎳層取代銅層,且硬焊層為Ni-Cr-B-Si(BNi2,如Wall Colmonoy所生產之Nichrobraze LM),而鑽石顆粒(如,150微米)以網狀圖案排列(如,間隙為500微米)。該硬焊雙層,代替顆粒間之間隙填充,並對著具有一熱塑性黏著劑(150 C,10分鐘)在其間之平面基板(108 mm直徑,6.5mm厚度)擠壓。如此可得到一具有平坦表面之CMP墊修整器之工具。在每一側之單層,可調節由硬焊溫度(如,1020℃,10分鐘)之熱收縮,其中,該硬焊溫度會造成其中一側的鑽石分佈不對稱。
實施例 6
將無氧銅粉末(尺寸為1-4微米)於一模具中冷壓,以形成一薄層。將經由120/140網目過篩的鈦塗佈鑽石顆粒分佈於該單層銅上方。接著,設置一第二冷壓薄銅層於上方。將此三明治結構於20 Mpa和950℃下熱壓20分鐘。將得到的三明治結構散熱器之兩側拋光以得到10微米的平坦度(flatness)以及1微米的平滑度(smoothness)。
當然,應瞭解上述配置僅為圖解本發明原理的應用。在不偏離本發明精神和範圍情况下,該領域的技術人員可設計許多修飾和替代配置,且所附申請專利範圍將要包含此等修飾和配置。於是,儘管已使用當前認為是本發明最實際且較佳的實施例來特定且詳細地在上面描述了本發明,但是顯然對該領域的技術人員來說,在不偏離本文所闡明的原理和概念的情况下可進行許多修飾,所述修飾包括尺寸、材料、形狀、形式、功能和操作方式、裝配和用途的變化,但不限於這些。
10‧‧‧散熱器
12‧‧‧單層鑽石顆粒
14‧‧‧薄金屬基體
16‧‧‧半導體材料
18‧‧‧焊接層
22‧‧‧散熱器
24‧‧‧半導體材料
42‧‧‧薄金屬層
44‧‧‧第一單層鑽石顆粒
46‧‧‧第二單層鑽石顆粒
48‧‧‧金屬基體材料
圖1係本發明一實施例之散熱器之示意圖。
圖2係本發明一實施例之降低在散熱器與半導體裝置間熱引發缺陷之方法之流程圖。
圖3係各種材料之熱膨脹係數與導熱率之關係圖。
圖4係本發明一實施例之散熱器之示意圖。
應理解,上述圖示僅用於可更進一步解釋使理解本發明之用意。此外,該些圖示並未標示比例,因此尺寸、顆粒大小、以及其他的態樣可(且通常係)適當地使該些說明更為清楚。因此,可使用不同的特定尺吋以及圖示態樣來製備本發明之散熱器。
12...單層鑽石顆粒
14...薄金屬基體
16...半導體材料
18...焊接層

Claims (14)

  1. 一種降低在散熱器與半導體間熱引發缺陷的方法,包括:設置一單層鑽石顆粒於一薄金屬散熱器中;以及將該散熱器熱耦合至一半導體材料,其中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約50%;其中,設置該單層鑽石顆粒形成於該薄金屬散熱器中更包括:將該單層鑽石顆粒塗佈於一金屬基板上;將該金屬基板置於一含金屬離子之離子溶液中;以及通入電流至該離子溶液,使一金屬層電鍍形成於該金屬基板上,以穩固該鑽石顆粒。
  2. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約5.0ppm/℃。
  3. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中,該散熱器係透過焊接熱耦合至該半導體材料。
  4. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中,設置單層鑽石顆粒於該薄金屬散熱器中更包括:塗佈該單層鑽石顆粒於一第一金屬層;於該第一金屬層上設置一第二金屬層,使該單層鑽石顆粒夾置於其間;以及利用充分地加熱和壓力,一起擠壓該第一及第二金屬層,以將該鑽石顆粒固定於層中。
  5. 如申請專利範圍第4項所述之方法,其中,該加熱之溫度為約700℃至約1000℃,且該壓力係為約10MPa至約50MPa。
  6. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中,設置該單層鑽石顆粒於該薄金屬散熱器中更包括:設置該單層鑽石顆粒於一金屬粉末中;以及利用充份地加熱以燒結該金屬粉末,並施壓以固定該鑽石顆粒於已燒結之金屬中。
  7. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中,該散熱器之厚度係為約50μm至約300μm。
  8. 如申請專利第1項所述之方法,其中,該散熱器係包括一成份選自由:鋁、銅、金、銀、鉑、及其合金所組成之群組。
  9. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中,該半導體材料係包括一成份選自由:矽、碳化矽、矽化鍺(silicon germanium)、砷化鎵(gallium arsenide)、氮化鎵(gallium nitride)、鍺(germanium)、硫化鋅(zinc sulfide)、磷化鎵(gallium phosphide)、銻化鎵(gallium antimonide)、砷磷化鎵銦(gallium indium arsenide phosphide)、磷化鋁(aluminum phosphide)、砷化鋁(aluminum arsenide)、砷化鋁鎵(aluminum gallium arsenide)、氮化硼(boron nitride)、氮化鋁(aluminum nitride)、砷化銦(indium arsenide)、磷化銦(indium phosphide)、銻化銦(indium antimonide)、氮化銦(indium nitride)、及其複合物所組成之群組。
  10. 如申請專利範圍第1項所述之方法,其中,該半導體材料係包括一成份係選自群組包括:氮化鎵、氮化鋁、及其複合物。
  11. 一種降低熱引發缺陷之熱調節半導體裝置,係包括:一散熱器,係包括:一薄金屬層;一第一單層鑽石顆粒,係設置於該薄金屬層之一側;一第二單層鑽石顆粒,係設置於相對該第一單層鑽石顆粒之薄金屬層之一側;一金屬基體,係將該第一及第二單層鑽石顆粒結合至該薄金屬層;以及一半導體材料,係熱耦合至該散熱器,其中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約50%。
  12. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之裝置,其中,該金屬基體係為一成份選自由:焊料材料、燒結材料、電鍍材料、以及其組合所組成之群組。
  13. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之裝置,其中,在該散熱器與該半導體材料間之熱膨脹係數差異係少於或等於約5.0ppm/℃。
  14. 如申請專利範圍第11項所述之裝置,其中,實質上所有於相同單層中之鑽石顆粒係與該單層中之至少一其它鑽石顆粒直接接觸。
TW100133908A 2010-09-21 2011-09-21 單層鑽石顆粒散熱器及其相關方法 TWI464839B (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US38497610P 2010-09-21 2010-09-21
US201161468917P 2011-03-29 2011-03-29

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
TW201220445A TW201220445A (en) 2012-05-16
TWI464839B true TWI464839B (zh) 2014-12-11

Family

ID=45874363

Family Applications (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW100133909A TWI451942B (zh) 2010-09-21 2011-09-21 具實質平坦顆粒尖端之超研磨工具及其相關方法
TW100133908A TWI464839B (zh) 2010-09-21 2011-09-21 單層鑽石顆粒散熱器及其相關方法

Family Applications Before (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW100133909A TWI451942B (zh) 2010-09-21 2011-09-21 具實質平坦顆粒尖端之超研磨工具及其相關方法

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (4) US8531026B2 (zh)
CN (2) CN103299418A (zh)
TW (2) TWI451942B (zh)
WO (2) WO2012040374A2 (zh)

Families Citing this family (28)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US9199357B2 (en) 1997-04-04 2015-12-01 Chien-Min Sung Brazed diamond tools and methods for making the same
US9221154B2 (en) 1997-04-04 2015-12-29 Chien-Min Sung Diamond tools and methods for making the same
US9409280B2 (en) 1997-04-04 2016-08-09 Chien-Min Sung Brazed diamond tools and methods for making the same
US9238207B2 (en) 1997-04-04 2016-01-19 Chien-Min Sung Brazed diamond tools and methods for making the same
US9463552B2 (en) 1997-04-04 2016-10-11 Chien-Min Sung Superbrasvie tools containing uniformly leveled superabrasive particles and associated methods
US9868100B2 (en) 1997-04-04 2018-01-16 Chien-Min Sung Brazed diamond tools and methods for making the same
US8678878B2 (en) 2009-09-29 2014-03-25 Chien-Min Sung System for evaluating and/or improving performance of a CMP pad dresser
US9724802B2 (en) 2005-05-16 2017-08-08 Chien-Min Sung CMP pad dressers having leveled tips and associated methods
US8393934B2 (en) 2006-11-16 2013-03-12 Chien-Min Sung CMP pad dressers with hybridized abrasive surface and related methods
US9138862B2 (en) * 2011-05-23 2015-09-22 Chien-Min Sung CMP pad dresser having leveled tips and associated methods
US8622787B2 (en) 2006-11-16 2014-01-07 Chien-Min Sung CMP pad dressers with hybridized abrasive surface and related methods
TWI388402B (en) 2007-12-06 2013-03-11 Methods for orienting superabrasive particles on a surface and associated tools
WO2012040374A2 (en) 2010-09-21 2012-03-29 Ritedia Corporation Superabrasive tools having substantially leveled particle tips and associated methods
CN103329253B (zh) 2011-05-23 2016-03-30 宋健民 具有平坦化尖端的化学机械研磨垫修整器
JP2013115083A (ja) * 2011-11-25 2013-06-10 Fujitsu Semiconductor Ltd 半導体装置及びその製造方法
TWI466347B (zh) * 2012-07-13 2014-12-21 Nat Univ Chung Hsing A light-emitting element having a high heat dissipation characteristic, and a light-emitting element manufactured by the method
TWI530361B (zh) * 2012-11-07 2016-04-21 中國砂輪企業股份有限公司 化學機械研磨修整器及其製法
TWI568538B (zh) * 2013-03-15 2017-02-01 中國砂輪企業股份有限公司 化學機械硏磨修整器及其製法
CN104726735B (zh) * 2013-12-23 2017-02-08 北京有色金属研究总院 一种具有复合式结构的高定向导热材料及其制备方法
RU2552810C1 (ru) * 2013-12-30 2015-06-10 Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Институт физико-технических проблем Севера им. В.П. Ларионова Сибирского отделения Российской академии наук Сплав для соединения монокристалла алмаза с металлами
CN105093776B (zh) * 2014-05-13 2020-08-25 深圳光峰科技股份有限公司 波长转换装置、光源系统及投影系统
TWI551400B (zh) * 2014-10-23 2016-10-01 中國砂輪企業股份有限公司 研磨工具及其製造方法
US9812375B2 (en) * 2015-02-05 2017-11-07 Ii-Vi Incorporated Composite substrate with alternating pattern of diamond and metal or metal alloy
US10695872B2 (en) * 2015-03-11 2020-06-30 Lockheed Martin Corporation Heat spreaders fabricated from metal nanoparticles
WO2017098764A1 (ja) * 2015-12-10 2017-06-15 株式会社アライドマテリアル 超砥粒ホイール
TW201728411A (zh) * 2016-02-01 2017-08-16 中國砂輪企業股份有限公司 化學機械研磨修整器及其製造方法
KR102164795B1 (ko) 2018-09-06 2020-10-13 삼성전자주식회사 팬-아웃 반도체 패키지
CN110052962A (zh) * 2019-04-25 2019-07-26 西安奕斯伟硅片技术有限公司 一种抛光垫修整器、加工装置及方法

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW200609998A (en) * 2004-05-13 2006-03-16 Chien-Min Sung Semiconductor-on-diamond devices and methods of forming
CN101273451A (zh) * 2005-09-30 2008-09-24 英特尔公司 有直接接触散热片的微电子封装及其制造方法
US20100102442A1 (en) * 2007-06-18 2010-04-29 Chien-Min Sung Heat spreader having single layer of diamond particles and associated methods

Family Cites Families (406)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US187593A (en) 1877-02-20 Improvement in emery grinding-wheels
US238946A (en) * 1881-03-15 Heel-restorer
US296756A (en) * 1884-04-15 Car-coupling
USRE20660E (en) 1938-02-22 Method of coaxing and apparatus
US5642779A (en) 1909-06-30 1997-07-01 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Heat sink and a process for the production of the same
US1382080A (en) 1919-09-18 1921-06-21 William Haas Company Radiator-valve
US2307461A (en) * 1928-05-02 1943-01-05 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Sheeted abrasive
US2027307A (en) 1928-07-30 1936-01-07 Behr Manning Corp Method of coating and apparatus therefor and product
US2027087A (en) 1928-10-03 1936-01-07 Behr Manning Corp Abrasive sheet and process of making the same
US2318570A (en) 1930-01-20 1943-05-04 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Manufacture of abrasives
US1854071A (en) 1930-07-14 1932-04-12 Behr Manning Corp Method of manufacturing abrasives
US1988065A (en) 1931-09-26 1935-01-15 Carborundum Co Manufacture of open-spaced abrasive fabrics
US2187624A (en) 1932-10-10 1940-01-16 Carborundum Co Apparatus for the manufacture of coated webs
US2035521A (en) 1932-10-26 1936-03-31 Carborundum Co Granular coated web and method of making same
US2194253A (en) 1932-10-27 1940-03-19 Carborundum Co Coating apparatus
US2184348A (en) 1932-10-27 1939-12-26 Carborundum Co Coating apparatus
US2281558A (en) 1933-03-06 1942-05-05 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Manufacture of abrasive articles and apparatus therefor
US2078354A (en) 1935-04-25 1937-04-27 Norton Co Abrasive article
US2075354A (en) * 1935-06-10 1937-03-30 Monier Namee Collapsible game table
US2033991A (en) 1935-07-09 1936-03-17 Carborundum Co Coating apparatus
US2268663A (en) 1939-09-19 1942-01-06 J K Smit & Sons Inc Abrasive tool
US2334572A (en) 1941-12-29 1943-11-16 Carborundum Co Manufacture of abrasive materials
US2612348A (en) 1949-09-14 1952-09-30 Wheel Trueing Tool Co Diamond set core bit
US2652951A (en) 1951-03-13 1953-09-22 Esposito Augustus Salt and pepper shaker
US2952951A (en) 1952-07-28 1960-09-20 Simpson Harry Arthur Abrasive or like materials and articles
US2876086A (en) 1954-06-21 1959-03-03 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Abrasive structures and method of making
US2725693A (en) 1954-12-15 1955-12-06 Smith Joseph Leigh Abrasive roll and method of making
US2867086A (en) 1954-12-20 1959-01-06 Emmett L Haley Portable pressure fluid power devices
LU37663A1 (zh) 1955-08-29
US2811960A (en) 1957-02-26 1957-11-05 Fessel Paul Abrasive cutting body
US3067551A (en) 1958-09-22 1962-12-11 Bethlehem Steel Corp Grinding method
US3127715A (en) 1960-04-27 1964-04-07 Christensen Diamond Prod Co Diamond cutting devices
US3146560A (en) 1960-06-14 1964-09-01 Rexall Drug Chemical Abrasive products
US3121981A (en) 1960-09-23 1964-02-25 Rexall Drug Chemical Abrasive wheels and method of making the same
ES272672A1 (es) 1961-12-04 1962-05-01 The Osborn Manufacturing Company Mejoras en ruedas pulimentadoras
US3276852A (en) 1962-11-20 1966-10-04 Jerome H Lemelson Filament-reinforced composite abrasive articles
US3293012A (en) 1962-11-27 1966-12-20 Exxon Production Research Co Process of infiltrating diamond particles with metallic binders
DE1502642A1 (de) 1963-05-13 1969-06-04 Naradi Narodni Podnik Diamantformwerkzeug
US3372010A (en) 1965-06-23 1968-03-05 Wall Colmonoy Corp Diamond abrasive matrix
US3416560A (en) 1965-08-23 1968-12-17 Bruno Peter Fluid leak monitoring apparatus
GB1209139A (en) 1968-06-19 1970-10-21 Ind Distributors 1946 Ltd Abrasive article manufacture
US3574580A (en) 1968-11-08 1971-04-13 Atomic Energy Commission Process for producing sintered diamond compact and products
US3608134A (en) 1969-02-10 1971-09-28 Norton Co Molding apparatus for orienting elongated particles
JPS4823595B1 (zh) 1969-06-17 1973-07-14
US3630699A (en) 1969-09-02 1971-12-28 Remington Arms Co Inc Method for producing armored saber saws
US3678995A (en) 1970-06-22 1972-07-25 Rca Corp Support for electrical components and method of making the same
US3829544A (en) 1970-12-09 1974-08-13 Megadiamond Corp Method of making a unitary polycrystalline diamond composite and diamond composite produced thereby
US3852078A (en) 1970-12-24 1974-12-03 M Wakatsuki Mass of polycrystalline cubic system boron nitride and composites of polycrystalline cubic system boron nitride and other hard materials, and processes for manufacturing the same
US3913280A (en) 1971-01-29 1975-10-21 Megadiamond Corp Polycrystalline diamond composites
US3905571A (en) * 1971-03-26 1975-09-16 Joseph Lombardo Nursing bottle holder
ZA713105B (en) 1971-05-12 1972-09-27 De Beers Ind Diamond Diamond and the like grinding wheels
US3743489A (en) 1971-07-01 1973-07-03 Gen Electric Abrasive bodies of finely-divided cubic boron nitride crystals
US3767371A (en) 1971-07-01 1973-10-23 Gen Electric Cubic boron nitride/sintered carbide abrasive bodies
IL39936A (en) 1971-07-30 1975-04-25 De Beers Ind Diamond A diamond particle particularly for use in heat sinks
US4018576A (en) 1971-11-04 1977-04-19 Abrasive Technology, Inc. Diamond abrasive tool
US3894673A (en) 1971-11-04 1975-07-15 Abrasive Tech Inc Method of manufacturing diamond abrasive tools
US3819814A (en) 1972-11-01 1974-06-25 Megadiamond Corp Plural molded diamond articles and their manufacture from diamond powders under high temperature and pressure
GB1382080A (en) 1972-12-01 1975-01-29 Inst Fiziki Vysokikh Davleny Method of preparing a diamond-metal compact
US3912500A (en) 1972-12-27 1975-10-14 Leonid Fedorovich Vereschagin Process for producing diamond-metallic materials
US3872496A (en) 1973-09-13 1975-03-18 Sperry Rand Corp High frequency diode having simultaneously formed high strength bonds with respect to a diamond heat sink and said diode
US3982358A (en) 1973-10-09 1976-09-28 Heijiro Fukuda Laminated resinoid wheels, method for continuously producing same and apparatus for use in the method
US3949263A (en) 1974-12-20 1976-04-06 Raytheon Company Diamond brazing method for slow wave energy propagating structures
US4287168A (en) 1975-01-27 1981-09-01 General Electric Company Apparatus and method for isolation of diamond seeds for growing diamonds
US4028576A (en) * 1975-07-21 1977-06-07 David Wofsey Sonic spark plug
US4273561A (en) 1975-08-27 1981-06-16 Fernandez Moran Villalobos Hum Ultrasharp polycrystalline diamond edges, points, and improved diamond composites, and methods of making and irradiating same
US4211924A (en) 1976-09-03 1980-07-08 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Transmission-type scanning charged-particle beam microscope
US4078906A (en) 1976-09-29 1978-03-14 Elgin Diamond Products Co., Inc. Method for making an abrading tool with discontinuous diamond abrading surfaces
US4188194A (en) 1976-10-29 1980-02-12 General Electric Company Direct conversion process for making cubic boron nitride from pyrolytic boron nitride
GB1591491A (en) 1977-01-18 1981-06-24 Daichiku Co Ltd Laminated rotary grinder and method of fabrication
ZA771270B (en) 1977-03-03 1978-07-26 De Beers Ind Diamond Abrasive bodies
US4228214A (en) 1978-03-01 1980-10-14 Gte Products Corporation Flexible bilayered sheet, one layer of which contains abrasive particles in a volatilizable organic binder and the other layer of which contains alloy particles in a volatilizable binder, method for producing same and coating produced by heating same
US4224380A (en) 1978-03-28 1980-09-23 General Electric Company Temperature resistant abrasive compact and method for making same
US4211294A (en) 1978-04-21 1980-07-08 Acker Drill Company, Inc. Impregnated diamond drill bit
US4149881A (en) 1978-06-28 1979-04-17 Western Gold And Platinum Company Nickel palladium base brazing alloy
US4182628A (en) 1978-07-03 1980-01-08 GTE Sylvania Products, Inc. Partially amorphous silver-copper-indium brazing foil
IE48798B1 (en) 1978-08-18 1985-05-15 De Beers Ind Diamond Method of making tool inserts,wire-drawing die blank and drill bit comprising such inserts
US4231195A (en) 1979-05-24 1980-11-04 General Electric Company Polycrystalline diamond body and process
US4289503A (en) 1979-06-11 1981-09-15 General Electric Company Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride abrasive and process for preparing same in the absence of catalyst
US4355489A (en) 1980-09-15 1982-10-26 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive article comprising abrasive agglomerates supported in a fibrous matrix
US4378233A (en) 1981-07-24 1983-03-29 Norton Company Metal bonded grinding wheel containing diamond or CBN abrasive
US4525179A (en) 1981-07-27 1985-06-25 General Electric Company Process for making diamond and cubic boron nitride compacts
US4712552A (en) 1982-03-10 1987-12-15 William W. Haefliger Cushioned abrasive composite
US4518659A (en) 1982-04-02 1985-05-21 General Electric Company Sweep through process for making polycrystalline compacts
US4544540A (en) 1982-06-25 1985-10-01 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Diamond single crystals, a process of manufacturing and tools for using same
US4425195A (en) 1982-11-10 1984-01-10 Martin Marietta Corporation Method of fabricating a diamond heat sink
US4534773A (en) 1983-01-10 1985-08-13 Cornelius Phaal Abrasive product and method for manufacturing
US4629373A (en) 1983-06-22 1986-12-16 Megadiamond Industries, Inc. Polycrystalline diamond body with enhanced surface irregularities
US4617181A (en) 1983-07-01 1986-10-14 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Synthetic diamond heat sink
US4828582A (en) 1983-08-29 1989-05-09 General Electric Company Polycrystalline abrasive grit
US4776861A (en) 1983-08-29 1988-10-11 General Electric Company Polycrystalline abrasive grit
GB8325320D0 (en) 1983-09-21 1983-10-26 Plessey Co Plc Diamond heatsink assemblies
US4780274A (en) 1983-12-03 1988-10-25 Reed Tool Company, Ltd. Manufacture of rotary drill bits
US4565034A (en) 1984-01-03 1986-01-21 Disco Abrasive Systems, Ltd. Grinding and/or cutting endless belt
US4610699A (en) 1984-01-18 1986-09-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Hard diamond sintered body and the method for producing the same
US4632817A (en) 1984-04-04 1986-12-30 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method of synthesizing diamond
DE3585226D1 (de) 1984-08-24 1992-02-27 Univ Australian Diamantaggregate und deren herstellung.
US4551195A (en) 1984-09-25 1985-11-05 Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha Method for growing boron nitride crystals of cubic system
US4547257A (en) 1984-09-25 1985-10-15 Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha Method for growing diamond crystals
US4649992A (en) 1984-10-05 1987-03-17 Plessey Overseas Limited Diamond heatsink assemblies
GB8508621D0 (en) 1985-04-02 1985-05-09 Nl Petroleum Prod Rotary drill bits
US4797241A (en) 1985-05-20 1989-01-10 Sii Megadiamond Method for producing multiple polycrystalline bodies
US4664705A (en) 1985-07-30 1987-05-12 Sii Megadiamond, Inc. Infiltrated thermally stable polycrystalline diamond
JPS6287407A (ja) 1985-10-12 1987-04-21 Res Dev Corp Of Japan フイルム状グラフアイト層間化合物及びその製造方法
DE3545308A1 (de) 1985-12-20 1987-06-25 Feldmuehle Ag Schleifscheibe mit daempfung
US4949511A (en) 1986-02-10 1990-08-21 Toshiba Tungaloy Co., Ltd. Super abrasive grinding tool element and grinding tool
US4662896A (en) 1986-02-19 1987-05-05 Strata Bit Corporation Method of making an abrasive cutting element
US4680199A (en) 1986-03-21 1987-07-14 United Technologies Corporation Method for depositing a layer of abrasive material on a substrate
CA1305324C (en) 1986-04-17 1992-07-21 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Wire incrusted with abrasive grain and method for producing the same
US5030276A (en) 1986-10-20 1991-07-09 Norton Company Low pressure bonding of PCD bodies and method
US4943488A (en) 1986-10-20 1990-07-24 Norton Company Low pressure bonding of PCD bodies and method for drill bits and the like
EP0264674B1 (en) 1986-10-20 1995-09-06 Baker Hughes Incorporated Low pressure bonding of PCD bodies and method
US5116568A (en) 1986-10-20 1992-05-26 Norton Company Method for low pressure bonding of PCD bodies
AU1215788A (en) 1987-02-27 1988-09-01 Diabrasive International Ltd. Flexible abrasives
US5195404A (en) 1987-06-18 1993-03-23 Notter Theo A Drill bit with cutting insert
US4770907A (en) 1987-10-17 1988-09-13 Fuji Paudal Kabushiki Kaisha Method for forming metal-coated abrasive grain granules
US4908046A (en) 1989-02-14 1990-03-13 Wiand Ronald C Multilayer abrading tool and process
US5022895A (en) 1988-02-14 1991-06-11 Wiand Ronald C Multilayer abrading tool and process
CA1298980C (en) 1988-02-26 1992-04-21 Clyde D. Calhoun Abrasive sheeting having individually positioned abrasive granules
US5273730A (en) 1988-03-08 1993-12-28 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Method of synthesizing diamond
US5151107A (en) 1988-07-29 1992-09-29 Norton Company Cemented and cemented/sintered superabrasive polycrystalline bodies and methods of manufacture thereof
US4916869A (en) 1988-08-01 1990-04-17 L. R. Oliver & Company, Inc. Bonded abrasive grit structure
US4849602A (en) 1988-08-12 1989-07-18 Iscar Ltd. Method for fabricating cutting pieces
AU605995B2 (en) 1988-08-31 1991-01-24 De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Limited Manufacture of abrasive products
US5008737A (en) 1988-10-11 1991-04-16 Amoco Corporation Diamond composite heat sink for use with semiconductor devices
US5130771A (en) 1988-10-11 1992-07-14 Amoco Corporation Diamond composite heat sink for use with semiconductor devices
US4883500A (en) 1988-10-25 1989-11-28 General Electric Company Sawblade segments utilizing polycrystalline diamond grit
US5024680A (en) 1988-11-07 1991-06-18 Norton Company Multiple metal coated superabrasive grit and methods for their manufacture
US5043120A (en) 1988-11-10 1991-08-27 The General Electric Company Process for preparing polycrystalline CBN ceramic masses
US6413589B1 (en) 1988-11-29 2002-07-02 Chou H. Li Ceramic coating method
US4923490A (en) 1988-12-16 1990-05-08 General Electric Company Novel grinding wheels utilizing polycrystalline diamond or cubic boron nitride grit
US5094985A (en) 1989-01-30 1992-03-10 Kazunori Kijima Kyoto Sintered silicon carbide body with high thermal conductivity and process of producing the same
US4925457B1 (en) 1989-01-30 1995-09-26 Ultimate Abrasive Syst Inc Method for making an abrasive tool
US5190568B1 (en) 1989-01-30 1996-03-12 Ultimate Abrasive Syst Inc Abrasive tool with contoured surface
US5049165B1 (en) 1989-01-30 1995-09-26 Ultimate Abrasive Syst Inc Composite material
US4945686A (en) 1989-02-14 1990-08-07 Wiand Ronald C Multilayer abrading tool having an irregular abrading surface and process
US5133782A (en) 1989-02-14 1992-07-28 Wiand Ronald C Multilayer abrading tool having an irregular abrading surface and process
US4954139A (en) 1989-03-31 1990-09-04 The General Electric Company Method for producing polycrystalline compact tool blanks with flat carbide support/diamond or CBN interfaces
EP0391418B2 (en) 1989-04-06 1998-09-09 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. A diamond for a dresser
US5224017A (en) 1989-05-17 1993-06-29 The Charles Stark Draper Laboratory, Inc. Composite heat transfer device
US5011513A (en) 1989-05-31 1991-04-30 Norton Company Single step, radiation curable ophthalmic fining pad
US4968326A (en) 1989-10-10 1990-11-06 Wiand Ronald C Method of brazing of diamond to substrate
AU634601B2 (en) 1989-12-11 1993-02-25 General Electric Company Single-crystal diamond of very high thermal conductivity
US5096465A (en) 1989-12-13 1992-03-17 Norton Company Diamond metal composite cutter and method for making same
US5000273A (en) 1990-01-05 1991-03-19 Norton Company Low melting point copper-manganese-zinc alloy for infiltration binder in matrix body rock drill bits
US5131924A (en) 1990-02-02 1992-07-21 Wiand Ronald C Abrasive sheet and method
US5203881A (en) 1990-02-02 1993-04-20 Wiand Ronald C Abrasive sheet and method
US5164247A (en) 1990-02-06 1992-11-17 The Pullman Company Wear resistance in a hardfaced substrate
GB9006703D0 (en) 1990-03-26 1990-05-23 De Beers Ind Diamond Abrasive product
JP2940099B2 (ja) 1990-08-09 1999-08-25 住友電気工業株式会社 高熱伝導性ダイヤモンド単結晶の合成方法
US5045972A (en) 1990-08-27 1991-09-03 The Standard Oil Company High thermal conductivity metal matrix composite
US5120495A (en) 1990-08-27 1992-06-09 The Standard Oil Company High thermal conductivity metal matrix composite
AU644213B2 (en) 1990-09-26 1993-12-02 De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Limited Composite diamond abrasive compact
CA2054050C (en) 1990-11-16 1998-07-07 Louis K. Bigelow Method and apparatus for making grit and abrasive media
EP0488623B1 (en) 1990-11-26 1996-02-21 De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Limited Cutting insert for a rotary cutting tool
US5197249A (en) 1991-02-07 1993-03-30 Wiand Ronald C Diamond tool with non-abrasive segments
US5070936A (en) 1991-02-15 1991-12-10 United States Of America As Represented By The Secretary Of The Air Force High intensity heat exchanger system
GB9104366D0 (en) 1991-03-01 1991-04-17 De Beers Ind Diamond Composite cutting insert
CA2065581C (en) 1991-04-22 2002-03-12 Andal Corp. Plasma enhancement apparatus and method for physical vapor deposition
US5178643A (en) * 1991-05-21 1993-01-12 Sunnen Products Company Process for plating super abrasive materials onto a honing tool
US5380390B1 (en) 1991-06-10 1996-10-01 Ultimate Abras Systems Inc Patterned abrasive material and method
AU647941B2 (en) 1991-07-12 1994-03-31 De Beers Industrial Diamond Division (Proprietary) Limited Diamond synthesis
US5614320A (en) 1991-07-17 1997-03-25 Beane; Alan F. Particles having engineered properties
JP2546558B2 (ja) 1991-07-22 1996-10-23 住友電気工業株式会社 ダイヤモンド砥粒の合成方法
US5247765A (en) 1991-07-23 1993-09-28 Abrasive Technology Europe, S.A. Abrasive product comprising a plurality of discrete composite abrasive pellets in a resilient resin matrix
US5492774A (en) 1991-07-23 1996-02-20 Sony Corporation Perpendicular magnetic recording medium and process for production of the same
US5194071A (en) 1991-07-25 1993-03-16 General Electric Company Inc. Cubic boron nitride abrasive and process for preparing same
US5266236A (en) 1991-10-09 1993-11-30 General Electric Company Thermally stable dense electrically conductive diamond compacts
US5295402A (en) 1991-10-15 1994-03-22 General Electric Company Method for achieving high pressure using isotopically-pure diamond anvils
US5246884A (en) 1991-10-30 1993-09-21 International Business Machines Corporation Cvd diamond or diamond-like carbon for chemical-mechanical polish etch stop
US5437754A (en) 1992-01-13 1995-08-01 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive article having precise lateral spacing between abrasive composite members
US5176155A (en) 1992-03-03 1993-01-05 Rudolph Jr James M Method and device for filing nails
US5314513A (en) 1992-03-03 1994-05-24 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive product having a binder comprising a maleimide binder
JPH0639729A (ja) 1992-05-29 1994-02-15 Canon Inc 精研削砥石およびその製造方法
US5443032A (en) 1992-06-08 1995-08-22 Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. Method for the manufacture of large single crystals
US5243790A (en) 1992-06-25 1993-09-14 Abrasifs Vega, Inc. Abrasive member
US5264011A (en) 1992-09-08 1993-11-23 General Motors Corporation Abrasive blade tips for cast single crystal gas turbine blades
US5271547A (en) 1992-09-15 1993-12-21 Tunco Manufacturing, Inc. Method for brazing tungsten carbide particles and diamond crystals to a substrate and products made therefrom
US5985228A (en) 1992-12-22 1999-11-16 General Electric Company Method for controlling the particle size distribution in the production of multicrystalline cubic boron nitride
US6238454B1 (en) 1993-04-14 2001-05-29 Frank J. Polese Isotropic carbon/copper composites
US5674572A (en) 1993-05-21 1997-10-07 Trustees Of Boston University Enhanced adherence of diamond coatings employing pretreatment process
GB9310500D0 (en) 1993-05-21 1993-07-07 De Beers Ind Diamond Cutting tool
WO1995000295A1 (en) 1993-06-17 1995-01-05 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Patterned abrading articles and methods making and using same
US5681612A (en) 1993-06-17 1997-10-28 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Coated abrasives and methods of preparation
US5382314A (en) 1993-08-31 1995-01-17 At&T Corp. Method of shaping a diamond body
WO1995006544A1 (en) 1993-09-01 1995-03-09 Speedfam Corporation Backing pad for machining operations
KR100269924B1 (ko) 1993-10-08 2000-11-01 하지메 히토추야나기 합성 다이아몬와 그 제조방법
US5453106A (en) 1993-10-27 1995-09-26 Roberts; Ellis E. Oriented particles in hard surfaces
US5542471A (en) 1993-11-16 1996-08-06 Loral Vought System Corporation Heat transfer element having the thermally conductive fibers
US5486131A (en) 1994-01-04 1996-01-23 Speedfam Corporation Device for conditioning polishing pads
US5454343A (en) 1994-01-18 1995-10-03 Korea Institute Of Science And Technology Method for production of diamond particles
US5547417A (en) 1994-03-21 1996-08-20 Intel Corporation Method and apparatus for conditioning a semiconductor polishing pad
ZA9410384B (en) 1994-04-08 1996-02-01 Ultimate Abrasive Syst Inc Method for making powder preform and abrasive articles made therefrom
US5518443A (en) 1994-05-13 1996-05-21 Norton Company Superabrasive tool
US6264882B1 (en) 1994-05-20 2001-07-24 The Regents Of The University Of California Process for fabricating composite material having high thermal conductivity
US6466446B1 (en) 1994-07-01 2002-10-15 Saint Gobain/Norton Industrial Ceramics Corporation Integrated circuit package with diamond heat sink
MY112145A (en) 1994-07-11 2001-04-30 Ibm Direct attachment of heat sink attached directly to flip chip using flexible epoxy
US5536202A (en) 1994-07-27 1996-07-16 Texas Instruments Incorporated Semiconductor substrate conditioning head having a plurality of geometries formed in a surface thereof for pad conditioning during chemical-mechanical polish
US5551959A (en) 1994-08-24 1996-09-03 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Abrasive article having a diamond-like coating layer and method for making same
US5492771A (en) * 1994-09-07 1996-02-20 Abrasive Technology, Inc. Method of making monolayer abrasive tools
ATE240188T1 (de) 1994-09-30 2003-05-15 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Beschichteter schleifgegenstand und verfahren zu seiner herstellung
DE69433791T2 (de) 1994-11-18 2005-06-09 National Institute Of Advanced Industrial Science And Technology Diamant-Sinterkörper, Hochdruckphasen-Bornitrid-Sinterkörper sowie Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Sinterkörper
JP3401107B2 (ja) 1995-01-23 2003-04-28 松下電器産業株式会社 パッケージicのモジュール
US5527424A (en) 1995-01-30 1996-06-18 Motorola, Inc. Preconditioner for a polishing pad and method for using the same
JPH08222669A (ja) 1995-02-10 1996-08-30 Fuji Dies Kk ヒートシンク及びその製法
JPH08337498A (ja) 1995-04-13 1996-12-24 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd ダイヤモンド粒子、ダイヤモンド合成用粒子及び圧密体並びにそれらの製造方法
US5801073A (en) 1995-05-25 1998-09-01 Charles Stark Draper Laboratory Net-shape ceramic processing for electronic devices and packages
US5816891A (en) 1995-06-06 1998-10-06 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. Performing chemical mechanical polishing of oxides and metals using sequential removal on multiple polish platens to increase equipment throughput
US6478831B2 (en) 1995-06-07 2002-11-12 Ultimate Abrasive Systems, L.L.C. Abrasive surface and article and methods for making them
US5560754A (en) 1995-06-13 1996-10-01 General Electric Company Reduction of stresses in the polycrystalline abrasive layer of a composite compact with in situ bonded carbide/carbide support
US5609286A (en) 1995-08-28 1997-03-11 Anthon; Royce A. Brazing rod for depositing diamond coating metal substrate using gas or electric brazing techniques
DE19536463C2 (de) 1995-09-29 2002-02-07 Infineon Technologies Ag Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Mehrzahl von Laserdiodenbauelementen
US5660894A (en) 1995-10-16 1997-08-26 National Science Council Process for depositing diamond by chemical vapor deposition
EP0780153B1 (en) 1995-12-21 2003-08-27 Element Six (PTY) Ltd Diamond synthesis
US5725421A (en) 1996-02-27 1998-03-10 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Apparatus for rotative abrading applications
JP3111892B2 (ja) 1996-03-19 2000-11-27 ヤマハ株式会社 研磨装置
US5834337A (en) 1996-03-21 1998-11-10 Bryte Technologies, Inc. Integrated circuit heat transfer element and method
JPH106218A (ja) 1996-06-27 1998-01-13 Minnesota Mining & Mfg Co <3M> ドレッシング用研磨材製品
US5719441A (en) 1996-07-11 1998-02-17 Larimer; William R. Transistor package with integral heatsink
US6371838B1 (en) 1996-07-15 2002-04-16 Speedfam-Ipec Corporation Polishing pad conditioning device with cutting elements
US6284315B1 (en) 1996-07-29 2001-09-04 Aurburn University Method of polishing diamond films
US6544599B1 (en) 1996-07-31 2003-04-08 Univ Arkansas Process and apparatus for applying charged particles to a substrate, process for forming a layer on a substrate, products made therefrom
US5833519A (en) 1996-08-06 1998-11-10 Micron Technology, Inc. Method and apparatus for mechanical polishing
US5851138A (en) 1996-08-15 1998-12-22 Texas Instruments Incorporated Polishing pad conditioning system and method
US5779743A (en) 1996-09-18 1998-07-14 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Method for making abrasive grain and abrasive articles
US6206942B1 (en) 1997-01-09 2001-03-27 Minnesota Mining & Manufacturing Company Method for making abrasive grain using impregnation, and abrasive articles
WO1998016347A1 (fr) 1996-10-15 1998-04-23 Nippon Steel Corporation Appareil ebarbeur pour tampon de polissage de substrat semi-conducteur, son procede de fabrication et procede de polissage chimico-mecanique au moyen dudit appareil ebarbeur
US6167948B1 (en) 1996-11-18 2001-01-02 Novel Concepts, Inc. Thin, planar heat spreader
US5976205A (en) 1996-12-02 1999-11-02 Norton Company Abrasive tool
US5746931A (en) 1996-12-05 1998-05-05 Lucent Technologies Inc. Method and apparatus for chemical-mechanical polishing of diamond
GB9626221D0 (en) 1996-12-18 1997-02-05 Smiths Industries Plc Diamond surfaces
US5916011A (en) 1996-12-26 1999-06-29 Motorola, Inc. Process for polishing a semiconductor device substrate
US5895972A (en) 1996-12-31 1999-04-20 Intel Corporation Method and apparatus for cooling the backside of a semiconductor device using an infrared transparent heat slug
JP3617232B2 (ja) 1997-02-06 2005-02-02 住友電気工業株式会社 半導体用ヒートシンクおよびその製造方法ならびにそれを用いた半導体パッケージ
US5855314A (en) 1997-03-07 1999-01-05 Norton Company Abrasive tool containing coated superabrasive grain
US6679243B2 (en) 1997-04-04 2004-01-20 Chien-Min Sung Brazed diamond tools and methods for making
US7323049B2 (en) 1997-04-04 2008-01-29 Chien-Min Sung High pressure superabrasive particle synthesis
US6368198B1 (en) 1999-11-22 2002-04-09 Kinik Company Diamond grid CMP pad dresser
US7124753B2 (en) 1997-04-04 2006-10-24 Chien-Min Sung Brazed diamond tools and methods for making the same
US6039641A (en) 1997-04-04 2000-03-21 Sung; Chien-Min Brazed diamond tools by infiltration
US7491116B2 (en) * 2004-09-29 2009-02-17 Chien-Min Sung CMP pad dresser with oriented particles and associated methods
US7404857B2 (en) 1997-04-04 2008-07-29 Chien-Min Sung Superabrasive particle synthesis with controlled placement of crystalline seeds
US6884155B2 (en) * 1999-11-22 2005-04-26 Kinik Diamond grid CMP pad dresser
US6286498B1 (en) 1997-04-04 2001-09-11 Chien-Min Sung Metal bond diamond tools that contain uniform or patterned distribution of diamond grits and method of manufacture thereof
US9868100B2 (en) 1997-04-04 2018-01-16 Chien-Min Sung Brazed diamond tools and methods for making the same
US7368013B2 (en) 1997-04-04 2008-05-06 Chien-Min Sung Superabrasive particle synthesis with controlled placement of crystalline seeds
TW394723B (en) 1997-04-04 2000-06-21 Sung Chien Min Abrasive tools with patterned grit distribution and method of manufacture
ATE208654T1 (de) 1997-04-17 2001-11-15 De Beers Ind Diamond Diamant-züchtung
US5921855A (en) 1997-05-15 1999-07-13 Applied Materials, Inc. Polishing pad having a grooved pattern for use in a chemical mechanical polishing system
JP3244454B2 (ja) 1997-06-05 2002-01-07 理化学研究所 切削研削両用工具
US5961373A (en) 1997-06-16 1999-10-05 Motorola, Inc. Process for forming a semiconductor device
US5885137A (en) 1997-06-27 1999-03-23 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Chemical mechanical polishing pad conditioner
US5921856A (en) 1997-07-10 1999-07-13 Sp3, Inc. CVD diamond coated substrate for polishing pad conditioning head and method for making same
US6054183A (en) 1997-07-10 2000-04-25 Zimmer; Jerry W. Method for making CVD diamond coated substrate for polishing pad conditioning head
US6024824A (en) 1997-07-17 2000-02-15 3M Innovative Properties Company Method of making articles in sheet form, particularly abrasive articles
US6093280A (en) 1997-08-18 2000-07-25 Lsi Logic Corporation Chemical-mechanical polishing pad conditioning systems
JP3893681B2 (ja) 1997-08-19 2007-03-14 住友電気工業株式会社 半導体用ヒートシンクおよびその製造方法
US5832360A (en) * 1997-08-28 1998-11-03 Norton Company Bond for abrasive tool
CZ2000613A3 (cs) 1997-09-05 2001-12-12 Frenton Limited Způsob výroby kompozitu z diamantu, karbidu křemíku a křemíku a kompozit vyrobený tímto způsobem
US6027659A (en) 1997-12-03 2000-02-22 Intel Corporation Polishing pad conditioning surface having integral conditioning points
US6196911B1 (en) 1997-12-04 2001-03-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Tools with abrasive segments
CN1134289C (zh) 1997-12-11 2004-01-14 德比尔斯工业钻石部股份有限公司 晶体生长
JP4623774B2 (ja) 1998-01-16 2011-02-02 住友電気工業株式会社 ヒートシンクおよびその製造方法
US6335863B1 (en) 1998-01-16 2002-01-01 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Package for semiconductors, and semiconductor module that employs the package
CA2261491C (en) 1998-03-06 2005-05-24 Smith International, Inc. Cutting element with improved polycrystalline material toughness and method for making same
US6001174A (en) 1998-03-11 1999-12-14 Richard J. Birch Method for growing a diamond crystal on a rheotaxy template
US6123612A (en) 1998-04-15 2000-09-26 3M Innovative Properties Company Corrosion resistant abrasive article and method of making
JP3295888B2 (ja) 1998-04-22 2002-06-24 株式会社藤森技術研究所 ケミカルマシンポリッシャの研磨盤用研磨ドレッサ
KR19990081117A (ko) 1998-04-25 1999-11-15 윤종용 씨엠피 패드 컨디셔닝 디스크 및 컨디셔너, 그 디스크의 제조방법, 재생방법 및 세정방법
US6077601A (en) 1998-05-01 2000-06-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Coated abrasive article
US6354918B1 (en) 1998-06-19 2002-03-12 Ebara Corporation Apparatus and method for polishing workpiece
US6258418B1 (en) 1998-06-24 2001-07-10 Ronald A. Rudder Method for producing diamond-tiled cooking utensils and other workpieces for durable stick-resistant surfaces
US6299508B1 (en) 1998-08-05 2001-10-09 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive article with integrally molded front surface protrusions containing a grinding aid and methods of making and using
US6280496B1 (en) 1998-09-14 2001-08-28 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Silicon carbide based composite material and manufacturing method thereof
US6447852B1 (en) 1999-03-04 2002-09-10 Ambler Technologies, Inc. Method of manufacturing a diamond composite and a composite produced by same
US6709747B1 (en) 1998-09-28 2004-03-23 Skeleton Technologies Ag Method of manufacturing a diamond composite and a composite produced by same
US6346202B1 (en) 1999-03-25 2002-02-12 Beaver Creek Concepts Inc Finishing with partial organic boundary layer
EP1149519B1 (en) * 1998-12-15 2004-11-03 Parker Hannifin Corporation Method of applying a phase change thermal interface material
EP1140413B1 (en) 1998-12-22 2004-08-18 Element Six (Pty) Ltd Cutting of ultra-hard materials
US6258237B1 (en) 1998-12-30 2001-07-10 Cerd, Ltd. Electrophoretic diamond coating and compositions for effecting same
US6309277B1 (en) 1999-03-03 2001-10-30 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. System and method for achieving a desired semiconductor wafer surface profile via selective polishing pad conditioning
JP2000303126A (ja) 1999-04-15 2000-10-31 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd ダイヤモンド−アルミニウム系複合材料およびその製造方法
EP1044938A1 (de) 1999-04-16 2000-10-18 Misapor AG Fliessfähige und aushärtbare Gussmasse, insbesondere Leichtbeton, Element oder Bauteil, sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von strukturierten Oberflächen an solchen
US6663326B1 (en) 1999-05-24 2003-12-16 Honda Giken Kogyo Kabushiki Kaisha Cutting tip and manufacturing method thereof
JP3387851B2 (ja) 1999-05-28 2003-03-17 株式会社ノリタケスーパーアブレーシブ 研削砥石およびその製造方法
US6517221B1 (en) 1999-06-18 2003-02-11 Ciena Corporation Heat pipe heat sink for cooling a laser diode
US6319108B1 (en) 1999-07-09 2001-11-20 3M Innovative Properties Company Metal bond abrasive article comprising porous ceramic abrasive composites and method of using same to abrade a workpiece
US6755720B1 (en) 1999-07-15 2004-06-29 Noritake Co., Limited Vitrified bond tool and method of manufacturing the same
US6215661B1 (en) 1999-08-11 2001-04-10 Motorola, Inc. Heat spreader
US6281129B1 (en) 1999-09-20 2001-08-28 Agere Systems Guardian Corp. Corrosion-resistant polishing pad conditioner
US6627168B1 (en) 1999-10-01 2003-09-30 Showa Denko Kabushiki Kaisha Method for growing diamond and cubic boron nitride crystals
TW467802B (en) 1999-10-12 2001-12-11 Hunatech Co Ltd Conditioner for polishing pad and method for manufacturing the same
TW436375B (en) * 1999-11-16 2001-05-28 Asia Ic Mic Process Inc Formation method for dresser of chemical mechanical polishing pad
US6325709B1 (en) 1999-11-18 2001-12-04 Chartered Semiconductor Manufacturing Ltd Rounded surface for the pad conditioner using high temperature brazing
US7201645B2 (en) 1999-11-22 2007-04-10 Chien-Min Sung Contoured CMP pad dresser and associated methods
US6337513B1 (en) 1999-11-30 2002-01-08 International Business Machines Corporation Chip packaging system and method using deposited diamond film
US20020023733A1 (en) * 1999-12-13 2002-02-28 Hall David R. High-pressure high-temperature polycrystalline diamond heat spreader
US6293980B2 (en) 1999-12-20 2001-09-25 Norton Company Production of layered engineered abrasive surfaces
JP3527448B2 (ja) 1999-12-20 2004-05-17 株式会社リード Cmp研磨布用ドレッサー及びその製造方法
TW452956B (en) 2000-01-04 2001-09-01 Siliconware Precision Industries Co Ltd Heat dissipation structure of BGA semiconductor package
US6448642B1 (en) 2000-01-27 2002-09-10 William W. Bewley Pressure-bonded heat-sink system
US6517424B2 (en) * 2000-03-10 2003-02-11 Abrasive Technology, Inc. Protective coatings for CMP conditioning disk
US6534792B1 (en) 2000-05-18 2003-03-18 The Boeing Company Microelectronic device structure with metallic interlayer between substrate and die
US6749485B1 (en) 2000-05-27 2004-06-15 Rodel Holdings, Inc. Hydrolytically stable grooved polishing pads for chemical mechanical planarization
JP2001354492A (ja) 2000-06-07 2001-12-25 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd ダイヤモンド膜の形成方法および成膜装置
DE60110237T2 (de) 2000-08-08 2006-02-23 Element Six (Pty) Ltd. Verfahren zur herstellung eines diamanthaltigen abrasiven produkts
US6407922B1 (en) 2000-09-29 2002-06-18 Intel Corporation Heat spreader, electronic package including the heat spreader, and methods of manufacturing the heat spreader
US20020042200A1 (en) 2000-10-02 2002-04-11 Clyde Fawcett Method for conditioning polishing pads
US6390181B1 (en) 2000-10-04 2002-05-21 David R. Hall Densely finned tungsten carbide and polycrystalline diamond cooling module
US6551176B1 (en) 2000-10-05 2003-04-22 Applied Materials, Inc. Pad conditioning disk
EP1770144A3 (en) 2000-10-06 2008-05-07 3M Innovative Properties Company Agglomerate abrasive grain and a method of making the same
ZA200302446B (en) 2000-10-12 2004-03-29 Element Six Pty Ltd Polycrystalline abrasive grit.
US20030207659A1 (en) 2000-11-03 2003-11-06 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive product and method of making and using the same
CN100344410C (zh) 2000-11-07 2007-10-24 中国砂轮企业股份有限公司 化学-机械抛光软垫的修磨器及其制造方法
WO2002038264A2 (en) 2000-11-09 2002-05-16 Element Six (Pty) Ltd A method of producing ultra-hard abrasive particles
US8545583B2 (en) 2000-11-17 2013-10-01 Wayne O. Duescher Method of forming a flexible abrasive sheet article
RU2206502C2 (ru) 2000-11-21 2003-06-20 Акционерное общество закрытого типа "Карбид" Композиционный материал
US6482248B1 (en) 2000-11-28 2002-11-19 Magnum Research, Inc. Aluminum composite for gun barrels
US6653730B2 (en) 2000-12-14 2003-11-25 Intel Corporation Electronic assembly with high capacity thermal interface
KR100552391B1 (ko) 2000-12-21 2006-02-20 니폰 스틸 코포레이션 Cmp 컨디셔너, cmp 컨디셔너에 사용하는 경질지립(砥粒)의 배열방법 및 cmp 컨디셔너 제조방법
US6672943B2 (en) 2001-01-26 2004-01-06 Wafer Solutions, Inc. Eccentric abrasive wheel for wafer processing
US6541115B2 (en) 2001-02-26 2003-04-01 General Electric Company Metal-infiltrated polycrystalline diamond composite tool formed from coated diamond particles
US6409580B1 (en) 2001-03-26 2002-06-25 Speedfam-Ipec Corporation Rigid polishing pad conditioner for chemical mechanical polishing tool
US20020139680A1 (en) * 2001-04-03 2002-10-03 George Kosta Louis Method of fabricating a monolayer abrasive tool
US6538892B2 (en) 2001-05-02 2003-03-25 Graftech Inc. Radial finned heat sink
DE10139762A1 (de) 2001-08-13 2003-02-27 Hilti Ag Schleifscheibe
US6616725B2 (en) 2001-08-21 2003-09-09 Hyun Sam Cho Self-grown monopoly compact grit
US6692547B2 (en) * 2001-08-28 2004-02-17 Sun Abrasives Corporation Method for preparing abrasive articles
KR100442695B1 (ko) 2001-09-10 2004-08-02 삼성전자주식회사 열 방출판이 부착된 플립칩 패키지 제조 방법
KR100428947B1 (ko) 2001-09-28 2004-04-29 이화다이아몬드공업 주식회사 다이아몬드 공구
US6394886B1 (en) 2001-10-10 2002-05-28 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Company, Ltd Conformal disk holder for CMP pad conditioner
WO2003040420A1 (en) 2001-11-09 2003-05-15 Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. Sintered diamond having high thermal conductivity and method for producing the same and heat sink employing it
US6758263B2 (en) 2001-12-13 2004-07-06 Advanced Energy Technology Inc. Heat dissipating component using high conducting inserts
US20030168731A1 (en) 2002-03-11 2003-09-11 Matayabas James Christopher Thermal interface material and method of fabricating the same
US6872127B2 (en) 2002-07-11 2005-03-29 Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd Polishing pad conditioning disks for chemical mechanical polisher
US6899592B1 (en) 2002-07-12 2005-05-31 Ebara Corporation Polishing apparatus and dressing method for polishing tool
AU2003298561A1 (en) 2002-08-23 2004-05-13 Jonathan S. Dahm Method and apparatus for using light emitting diodes
JP4216025B2 (ja) * 2002-09-09 2009-01-28 株式会社リード 研磨布用ドレッサー及びそれを用いた研磨布のドレッシング方法
US6915796B2 (en) 2002-09-24 2005-07-12 Chien-Min Sung Superabrasive wire saw and associated methods of manufacture
US20060113546A1 (en) 2002-10-11 2006-06-01 Chien-Min Sung Diamond composite heat spreaders having low thermal mismatch stress and associated methods
US20080019098A1 (en) 2002-10-11 2008-01-24 Chien-Min Sung Diamond composite heat spreader and associated methods
JP2006511098A (ja) 2002-10-11 2006-03-30 チエン−ミン・ソン 炭素質熱スプレッダー及び関連する方法
US20050189647A1 (en) 2002-10-11 2005-09-01 Chien-Min Sung Carbonaceous composite heat spreader and associated methods
US7173334B2 (en) * 2002-10-11 2007-02-06 Chien-Min Sung Diamond composite heat spreader and associated methods
JP2004146413A (ja) 2002-10-22 2004-05-20 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 半導体素子収納用パッケージおよび半導体装置
TWI241939B (en) 2002-10-25 2005-10-21 Alex C Long Producing method and structure of cutting and polishing plate
JP2004142083A (ja) 2002-10-28 2004-05-20 Elpida Memory Inc ウエハ研磨装置およびウエハ研磨方法
TWI239606B (en) * 2002-11-07 2005-09-11 Kobe Steel Ltd Heat spreader and semiconductor device and package using the same
JP2004175626A (ja) 2002-11-28 2004-06-24 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 高熱伝導性ダイヤモンド焼結体とそれを用いた半導体搭載用ヒートシンク及びその製造方法
JP2004200346A (ja) 2002-12-18 2004-07-15 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 半導体素子収納用パッケージ、その製造方法及び半導体装置
US20040192178A1 (en) 2003-03-28 2004-09-30 Barak Yardeni Diamond conditioning of soft chemical mechanical planarization/polishing (CMP) polishing pads
US7367872B2 (en) 2003-04-08 2008-05-06 Applied Materials, Inc. Conditioner disk for use in chemical mechanical polishing
US7014093B2 (en) 2003-06-26 2006-03-21 Intel Corporation Multi-layer polymer-solder hybrid thermal interface material for integrated heat spreader and method of making same
US20050019114A1 (en) 2003-07-25 2005-01-27 Chien-Min Sung Nanodiamond PCD and methods of forming
US20050025973A1 (en) 2003-07-25 2005-02-03 Slutz David E. CVD diamond-coated composite substrate containing a carbide-forming material and ceramic phases and method for making same
US7160178B2 (en) 2003-08-07 2007-01-09 3M Innovative Properties Company In situ activation of a three-dimensional fixed abrasive article
KR200339181Y1 (ko) 2003-09-13 2004-01-31 장성만 화학적-기계적-연마 패드용 다이아몬드 전착 컨디셔너
US20050060941A1 (en) 2003-09-23 2005-03-24 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive article and methods of making the same
JP2005262341A (ja) 2004-03-16 2005-09-29 Noritake Super Abrasive:Kk Cmpパッドコンディショナー
US20050260939A1 (en) 2004-05-18 2005-11-24 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Brazed diamond dressing tool
US6945857B1 (en) 2004-07-08 2005-09-20 Applied Materials, Inc. Polishing pad conditioner and methods of manufacture and recycling
US7384436B2 (en) 2004-08-24 2008-06-10 Chien-Min Sung Polycrystalline grits and associated methods
US7658666B2 (en) 2004-08-24 2010-02-09 Chien-Min Sung Superhard cutters and associated methods
US20070060026A1 (en) 2005-09-09 2007-03-15 Chien-Min Sung Methods of bonding superabrasive particles in an organic matrix
US7762872B2 (en) 2004-08-24 2010-07-27 Chien-Min Sung Superhard cutters and associated methods
US20060258276A1 (en) 2005-05-16 2006-11-16 Chien-Min Sung Superhard cutters and associated methods
US7150677B2 (en) 2004-09-22 2006-12-19 Mitsubishi Materials Corporation CMP conditioner
US7066795B2 (en) 2004-10-12 2006-06-27 Applied Materials, Inc. Polishing pad conditioner with shaped abrasive patterns and channels
KR100636793B1 (ko) 2004-12-13 2006-10-23 이화다이아몬드공업 주식회사 Cmp 패드용 컨디셔너
US7169029B2 (en) 2004-12-16 2007-01-30 3M Innovative Properties Company Resilient structured sanding article
US7258708B2 (en) 2004-12-30 2007-08-21 Chien-Min Sung Chemical mechanical polishing pad dresser
TWI286097B (en) * 2004-12-31 2007-09-01 Kinik Co Polishing tool and method for making the same
US7413918B2 (en) 2005-01-11 2008-08-19 Semileds Corporation Method of making a light emitting diode
US20060185836A1 (en) 2005-02-24 2006-08-24 Scott Garner Thermally coupled surfaces having controlled minimum clearance
KR100693251B1 (ko) 2005-03-07 2007-03-13 삼성전자주식회사 연마 속도와 연마 패드의 조도를 향상시킬 수 있는 패드 컨디셔너 및 이를 이용하는 화학기계적 연마 장치
WO2006113539A2 (en) 2005-04-13 2006-10-26 Group4 Labs, Llc Semiconductor devices having gallium nitride epilayers on diamond substrates
US20060254154A1 (en) 2005-05-12 2006-11-16 Wei Huang Abrasive tool and method of making the same
US8398466B2 (en) 2006-11-16 2013-03-19 Chien-Min Sung CMP pad conditioners with mosaic abrasive segments and associated methods
US8622787B2 (en) 2006-11-16 2014-01-07 Chien-Min Sung CMP pad dressers with hybridized abrasive surface and related methods
US8393934B2 (en) 2006-11-16 2013-03-12 Chien-Min Sung CMP pad dressers with hybridized abrasive surface and related methods
US20110275288A1 (en) 2010-05-10 2011-11-10 Chien-Min Sung Cmp pad dressers with hybridized conditioning and related methods
TWI290337B (en) * 2005-08-09 2007-11-21 Princo Corp Pad conditioner for conditioning a CMP pad and method of making the same
US7300338B2 (en) 2005-09-22 2007-11-27 Abrasive Technology, Inc. CMP diamond conditioning disk
US7594845B2 (en) 2005-10-20 2009-09-29 3M Innovative Properties Company Abrasive article and method of modifying the surface of a workpiece
US20070128994A1 (en) 2005-12-02 2007-06-07 Chien-Min Sung Electroplated abrasive tools, methods, and molds
US7494404B2 (en) * 2006-02-17 2009-02-24 Chien-Min Sung Tools for polishing and associated methods
US20070232074A1 (en) 2006-03-31 2007-10-04 Kramadhati Ravi Techniques for the synthesis of dense, high-quality diamond films using a dual seeding approach
US7771498B2 (en) * 2006-05-17 2010-08-10 Chien-Min Sung Superabrasive tools having improved caustic resistance
US7498191B2 (en) * 2006-05-22 2009-03-03 Chien-Min Sung Semiconductor-on-diamond devices and associated methods
US20080271384A1 (en) * 2006-09-22 2008-11-06 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Conditioning tools and techniques for chemical mechanical planarization
US20080096479A1 (en) 2006-10-18 2008-04-24 Chien-Min Sung Low-melting point superabrasive tools and associated methods
US20080292869A1 (en) 2007-05-22 2008-11-27 Chien-Min Sung Methods of bonding superabrasive particles in an organic matrix
US20080296756A1 (en) 2007-05-30 2008-12-04 Koch James L Heat spreader compositions and materials, integrated circuitry, methods of production and uses thereof
EP2176891B1 (en) 2007-07-19 2018-12-26 Lumileds Holding B.V. Vertical led with conductive vias
TWI388402B (en) 2007-12-06 2013-03-11 Methods for orienting superabrasive particles on a surface and associated tools
US20100022174A1 (en) * 2008-07-28 2010-01-28 Kinik Company Grinding tool and method for fabricating the same
US20100104494A1 (en) 2008-10-24 2010-04-29 Meng Yu-Fei Enhanced Optical Properties of Chemical Vapor Deposited Single Crystal Diamond by Low-Pressure/High-Temperature Annealing
KR101501599B1 (ko) 2008-10-27 2015-03-11 삼성전자주식회사 그라펜 시트로부터 탄소화 촉매를 제거하는 방법 및 그라펜시트의 전사 방법
US20100186479A1 (en) 2009-01-26 2010-07-29 Araca, Inc. Method for counting and characterizing aggressive diamonds in cmp diamond conditioner discs
US20100203811A1 (en) 2009-02-09 2010-08-12 Araca Incorporated Method and apparatus for accelerated wear testing of aggressive diamonds on diamond conditioning discs in cmp
US20100213175A1 (en) 2009-02-22 2010-08-26 General Electric Company Diamond etching method and articles produced thereby
US7892881B2 (en) 2009-02-23 2011-02-22 Raytheon Company Fabricating a device with a diamond layer
US7851819B2 (en) 2009-02-26 2010-12-14 Bridgelux, Inc. Transparent heat spreader for LEDs
US20100212727A1 (en) 2009-02-26 2010-08-26 Ji Ung Lee Apparatus and methods for continuously growing carbon nanotubes and graphene sheets
WO2010110834A1 (en) 2009-03-24 2010-09-30 Saint-Gobain Abrasives, Inc. Abrasive tool for use as a chemical mechanical planarization pad conditioner
US20100261419A1 (en) 2009-04-10 2010-10-14 Chien-Min Sung Superabrasive Tool Having Surface Modified Superabrasive Particles and Associated Methods
WO2012040374A2 (en) 2010-09-21 2012-03-29 Ritedia Corporation Superabrasive tools having substantially leveled particle tips and associated methods

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
TW200609998A (en) * 2004-05-13 2006-03-16 Chien-Min Sung Semiconductor-on-diamond devices and methods of forming
CN101273451A (zh) * 2005-09-30 2008-09-24 英特尔公司 有直接接触散热片的微电子封装及其制造方法
US20100102442A1 (en) * 2007-06-18 2010-04-29 Chien-Min Sung Heat spreader having single layer of diamond particles and associated methods

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8777699B2 (en) 2014-07-15
WO2012040373A3 (en) 2012-06-21
CN103221180A (zh) 2013-07-24
CN103299418A (zh) 2013-09-11
WO2012040374A2 (en) 2012-03-29
US20120244790A1 (en) 2012-09-27
WO2012040373A2 (en) 2012-03-29
US20120241943A1 (en) 2012-09-27
US20140235018A1 (en) 2014-08-21
US8531026B2 (en) 2013-09-10
US20150072601A1 (en) 2015-03-12
TW201220445A (en) 2012-05-16
TW201223704A (en) 2012-06-16
WO2012040374A3 (en) 2012-07-05
TWI451942B (zh) 2014-09-11

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
TWI464839B (zh) 單層鑽石顆粒散熱器及其相關方法
US11235557B2 (en) Graphene based heat sink and method for manufacturing the heat sink
US8222732B2 (en) Heat spreader having single layer of diamond particles and associated methods
EP2397455B1 (en) Substrate comprising aluminum/graphite composite, heat dissipation part comprising same, and led luminescent member
JP4791487B2 (ja) 半導体素子実装用基板とそれを用いた半導体装置および半導体素子実装用基板の製造方法
TW268147B (en) Heat dissipation seat and its production process
US9984951B2 (en) Sintered multilayer heat sinks for microelectronic packages and methods for the production thereof
JP6115900B2 (ja) ヒートスプレッダ
KR20050084845A (ko) 탄소질 열 확산기 및 관련 방법
JP7373061B2 (ja) 熱伝導体、熱伝導性材料、及び半導体デバイスのパッケージ構造
TW201240034A (en) Thermal conductive composite substrate with heat sink function and method of manufacturing the same
US20110005810A1 (en) Insulating substrate and method for producing the same
JP2012158783A (ja) アルミニウム−ダイヤモンド系複合体及びその製造方法
JP6621736B2 (ja) アルミニウム−ダイヤモンド系複合体及びこれを用いた放熱部品
JP2015216160A (ja) 電力用半導体装置および電力用半導体装置の製造方法
CN103057202A (zh) 层叠结构热沉材料及制备方法
JPH09312362A (ja) ヒートシンク及びその製造方法ならびにそれを用いたパッケージ
KR20180103097A (ko) 회로 캐리어를 제조하는 방법, 회로 캐리어, 반도체 모듈을 제조하는 방법, 및 반도체 모듈
TW201306195A (zh) 散熱基板
TWI380869B (zh) Welding materials containing diamond particles
CN102130077A (zh) 具有单层钻石颗粒的均热板及其相关方法
JP2018129325A (ja) 半導体モジュールとその製造方法
CN117532002A (zh) 一种高热导率高表面光洁度薄片状金刚石金属基复合材料的制备方法
TWI394928B (zh) A hot plate with single layer diamond particles and its related methods
TWM345346U (en) Heat dissipation substrate of high power LED

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
MM4A Annulment or lapse of patent due to non-payment of fees