TWI295326B - Carbon nanofiber and method for producing carbon nanofiber - Google Patents
Carbon nanofiber and method for producing carbon nanofiber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TWI295326B TWI295326B TW091136984A TW91136984A TWI295326B TW I295326 B TWI295326 B TW I295326B TW 091136984 A TW091136984 A TW 091136984A TW 91136984 A TW91136984 A TW 91136984A TW I295326 B TWI295326 B TW I295326B
- Authority
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- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- group
- carbon fiber
- nano carbon
- nano
- Prior art date
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- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 93
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 65
- 239000002134 carbon nanofiber Substances 0.000 title claims description 9
- 229910021392 nanocarbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 175
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 154
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 132
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 47
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 30
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000004050 hot filament vapor deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002072 nanorope Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 65
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 65
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 41
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 27
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000011859 microparticle Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 17
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000002121 nanofiber Substances 0.000 description 7
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 4
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 0 H f Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- SKRWFPLZQAAQSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N stibanylidynetin;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Sn].[Sb] SKRWFPLZQAAQSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012808 vapor phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper oxide Chemical group [Cu]=O QPLDLSVMHZLSFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005751 Copper oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000166124 Eucalyptus globulus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000645849 Marseilleviridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001410 Microfiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000046052 Phaseolus vulgaris Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010627 Phaseolus vulgaris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002056 binary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005234 chemical deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000431 copper oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indium;oxotin Chemical compound [In].[Sn]=O AMGQUBHHOARCQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003658 microfiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N yttrium atom Chemical compound [Y] VWQVUPCCIRVNHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82B—NANOSTRUCTURES FORMED BY MANIPULATION OF INDIVIDUAL ATOMS, MOLECULES, OR LIMITED COLLECTIONS OF ATOMS OR MOLECULES AS DISCRETE UNITS; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT THEREOF
- B82B3/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures by manipulation of individual atoms or molecules, or limited collections of atoms or molecules as discrete units
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y30/00—Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F9/00—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments
- D01F9/08—Artificial filaments or the like of other substances; Manufacture thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture of carbon filaments of inorganic material
- D01F9/12—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof
- D01F9/127—Carbon filaments; Apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture thereof by thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon gases or vapours or other carbon-containing compounds in the form of gas or vapour, e.g. carbon monoxide, alcohols
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/05—Preparation or purification of carbon not covered by groups C01B32/15, C01B32/20, C01B32/25, C01B32/30
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B82—NANOTECHNOLOGY
- B82Y—SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- B82Y40/00—Manufacture or treatment of nanostructures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/29—Coated or structually defined flake, particle, cell, strand, strand portion, rod, filament, macroscopic fiber or mass thereof
- Y10T428/2913—Rod, strand, filament or fiber
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Nanotechnology (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Inorganic Fibers (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002001773A JP4404961B2 (ja) | 2002-01-08 | 2002-01-08 | カーボンナノ繊維の製造方法。 |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| TW200301785A TW200301785A (en) | 2003-07-16 |
| TWI295326B true TWI295326B (en) | 2008-04-01 |
Family
ID=27641821
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| TW091136984A TWI295326B (en) | 2002-01-08 | 2002-12-23 | Carbon nanofiber and method for producing carbon nanofiber |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6986877B2 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP4404961B2 (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR100627949B1 (enExample) |
| TW (1) | TWI295326B (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (114)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR100478145B1 (ko) * | 2002-03-06 | 2005-03-22 | 재단법인 포항산업과학연구원 | 탄소나노섬유의 제조방법 |
| JP2003298338A (ja) * | 2002-04-02 | 2003-10-17 | Fuji Xerox Co Ltd | アンテナおよび通信装置 |
| JP4454353B2 (ja) | 2003-05-09 | 2010-04-21 | 昭和電工株式会社 | 直線性微細炭素繊維及びそれを用いた樹脂複合体 |
| JP4665113B2 (ja) * | 2003-06-18 | 2011-04-06 | 国立大学法人京都工芸繊維大学 | 微粒子製造方法および微粒子製造装置 |
| EP1713722A1 (en) * | 2003-12-24 | 2006-10-25 | Nanometrix Inc. | Continuous production of carbon nanotubes |
| JP2005294109A (ja) * | 2004-04-01 | 2005-10-20 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池用基体及び燃料電池 |
| EP1743043A4 (en) * | 2004-04-19 | 2008-08-27 | Sdc Materials Llc | MASSIVE DISCOVERY OF MATERIALS BY STEAM PHASE SYNTHESIS |
| CN1302986C (zh) * | 2004-05-10 | 2007-03-07 | 华东理工大学 | 一种制备碳纳米管的方法 |
| JPWO2006013706A1 (ja) * | 2004-07-16 | 2008-07-31 | 独立行政法人科学技術振興機構 | 触媒粒径制御式カーボンナノ構造物の製造方法、製造装置及びカーボンナノ構造物 |
| WO2006033367A1 (ja) * | 2004-09-24 | 2006-03-30 | Japan Science And Technology Agency | カーボンナノ構造物の製造方法及び製造装置 |
| US7717001B2 (en) * | 2004-10-08 | 2010-05-18 | Sdc Materials, Inc. | Apparatus for and method of sampling and collecting powders flowing in a gas stream |
| EP1810950B1 (en) * | 2004-11-10 | 2016-01-20 | Nikon Corporation | Carbon nanotube aggregate and process for producing the same |
| DE102004054959A1 (de) * | 2004-11-13 | 2006-05-18 | Bayer Technology Services Gmbh | Katalysator zur Herstellung von Kohlenstoffnanoröhrchen durch Zersetzung von gas-förmigen Kohlenverbindungen an einem heterogenen Katalysator |
| US7739285B2 (en) * | 2005-09-29 | 2010-06-15 | Sap Ag | Efficient handling of multipart queries against relational data |
| JP5131616B2 (ja) * | 2005-10-27 | 2013-01-30 | ニッタ株式会社 | カーボンファイバ製造用触媒担持基板およびカーボンファイバ製造用触媒担持基板の製造方法 |
| JP2007212006A (ja) * | 2006-02-07 | 2007-08-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 触媒燃焼器の燃焼状態検知装置 |
| JP5072244B2 (ja) * | 2006-03-20 | 2012-11-14 | 公立大学法人大阪府立大学 | カーボンナノコイル製造用触媒粒子およびその製造方法ならびにカーボンナノコイルの製造方法 |
| KR100773151B1 (ko) * | 2006-04-05 | 2007-11-02 | 금호전기주식회사 | 탄소나노계 물질을 이용한 전계방출램프용의 음극선제조방법 |
| JP5002187B2 (ja) * | 2006-05-12 | 2012-08-15 | 株式会社アルバック | カーボンナノコイルの成長方法 |
| JP5245160B2 (ja) * | 2006-06-23 | 2013-07-24 | サカイオーベックス株式会社 | 制振用樹脂材料、成形品、制振用硬化性樹脂組成物およびプリプレグ |
| JP2008059841A (ja) * | 2006-08-30 | 2008-03-13 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池及び燃料電池の製造方法 |
| DE102006047691A1 (de) * | 2006-10-09 | 2008-04-17 | Siemens Audiologische Technik Gmbh | Absorption elektromagnetischer Strahlungen in Hörvorrichtungen |
| US20100247419A1 (en) * | 2006-11-01 | 2010-09-30 | Nguyen Khe C | Solid phase synthesized carbon nano fiber and tube |
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| CN100439242C (zh) * | 2006-12-26 | 2008-12-03 | 华东理工大学 | 制备螺旋纳米碳纤维的方法 |
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| EP2150971B1 (en) * | 2007-05-11 | 2018-11-28 | Umicore AG & Co. KG | Method and apparatus for making uniform and ultrasmall nanoparticles |
| JP4963679B2 (ja) * | 2007-05-29 | 2012-06-27 | キヤノン株式会社 | 液体吐出ヘッド用基体及びその製造方法、並びに該基体を用いる液体吐出ヘッド |
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| JP3491747B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-31 | 2004-01-26 | 喜萬 中山 | カーボンナノコイルの製造方法及び触媒 |
| JP3595233B2 (ja) * | 2000-02-16 | 2004-12-02 | 株式会社ノリタケカンパニーリミテド | 電子放出源及びその製造方法 |
| JP3734400B2 (ja) * | 2000-02-25 | 2006-01-11 | 双葉電子工業株式会社 | 電子放出素子 |
| JP3585033B2 (ja) * | 2000-04-29 | 2004-11-04 | 喜萬 中山 | カーボンナノコイル生成用のインジウム・スズ・鉄系触媒の製造方法 |
| EP1296890B1 (en) * | 2000-06-16 | 2012-02-22 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Method for producing carbon fibers |
| US6849245B2 (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2005-02-01 | Catalytic Materials Llc | Catalysts for producing narrow carbon nanostructures |
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| JP2003213530A (ja) | 2003-07-30 |
| JP4404961B2 (ja) | 2010-01-27 |
| US20030148097A1 (en) | 2003-08-07 |
| TW200301785A (en) | 2003-07-16 |
| KR20030060801A (ko) | 2003-07-16 |
| KR100627949B1 (ko) | 2006-09-22 |
| US6986877B2 (en) | 2006-01-17 |
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