TW565606B - Chemical mechanical polishing slurry and method for polishing a copper layer on an integrated circuit - Google Patents
Chemical mechanical polishing slurry and method for polishing a copper layer on an integrated circuit Download PDFInfo
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- TW565606B TW565606B TW087117239A TW87117239A TW565606B TW 565606 B TW565606 B TW 565606B TW 087117239 A TW087117239 A TW 087117239A TW 87117239 A TW87117239 A TW 87117239A TW 565606 B TW565606 B TW 565606B
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- dielectric layer
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B1/00—Processes of grinding or polishing; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F3/00—Brightening metals by chemical means
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09G—POLISHING COMPOSITIONS; SKI WAXES
- C09G1/00—Polishing compositions
- C09G1/02—Polishing compositions containing abrasives or grinding agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1454—Abrasive powders, suspensions and pastes for polishing
- C09K3/1463—Aqueous liquid suspensions
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1454—Abrasive powders, suspensions and pastes for polishing
- C09K3/1472—Non-aqueous liquid suspensions
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Internal Circuitry In Semiconductor Integrated Circuit Devices (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
Description
565606 五、發明說明(1) 先前申請案之參考 此項申明已在1997年10月20曰提出申請美國專利申請號 碼08/954, 190 。 發明範圍 本,明一般上是有關於半導體製造,特別更是有關於包 括過氧化氫、檸檬酸、檸檬酸銨及礬土研磨劑之漿體混合 物,其用途在於研磨積體電路(ICs)上的銅連接處。 發明背景 積體電路(1C)業界目前正在尋找及發展可使用於積體電 = UCs)之新的金屬連接物質碑結構。未來有望使用於積 收電路(1C)連接之金屬物質是銅(Cu)。銅對於積體電路業 2 ί因在於銅比鋁和其他積體電路業界目前使 、 貝更具有改良的抗電移(electron! igrat ion 、’、 舨使用之金屬物質,經由使用銅的連接可夢以大 為改善積體電路裝置之性能。 遝得了精以大 -= I :所知沒有技術可有效地用電漿或濕氣將銅物 I “I :更在積體電路表面上適當地形成有效之銅連接。 制,銅化學機械研磨则已被公認 :電正確構成之另-最有望的方法因 -刚哥找可用以在積體電路(1C)上來杰細、忠 的最佳化學機械研磨(CMP)漿體。 y ’5連接 奴f :白懂仔使用W或⑽4當做漿體内的(L匕鬼以勃-紹研磨。本門技藝亦懂得使用M2、KI〇3、CeH;以執仃 D:\54990. ptd 565606 五 、發明說明(2)
Fe(N〇3)3及1^6(〇!〇6其中之一來研磨鎢物質。亦懂得使用 HNO3、HN4〇H或ΚΜη04其中之一來執行銅研磨。因此, CMP(化學機械研磨)工程師已廣泛地研究該等化學化合物 ^ ¥试發現最佳的銅(化學機械研磨)程序。然而,該 等已知化學物質尚未產生最佳的銅研磨結果。 _,如^ 一些利用上述已知化學作用所執行之試驗曾造成 或更多下列結果,·(1)差勁的去除速率,導致CMP(化學 L械研磨)生產量不適當;(2)銅物質過度凹陷及/或腐 題導致、,裝置性能與裝置生產量減少;(3)層的平面問 ’(4)差勁的IC(積體電路)電氣性能;或(5)比較不傾向 :選取銅而選取隔鄰之氧化物物質("氧化物”指二 乳,石夕"而此處該兩者可輪流使用。)一一一 用==a Ϊ界需要一種改良的CMP(化學機械研磨)漿體以 CMh化學機=2 :,減少或消除一或更多上述常見的銅 率 :、升研磨)問題。該改良漿體應具有良好去除速 “二陷: :Ρ』ί學機械研磨)生產量、減少或消除的銅 平$ #某肖蝕猎以改善裝置性能及生產量、改良的銅層 而非氧=ς的積體電路電氣性能及/或較佳傾向於選取銅 ^ 罔八之間早說明 圖1 - 5以截面同% nq t (_聚體在二=((:^ =本發明之化學機械研磨 將令人認同的' 二)。。上形成一銅連接的方法。 例$ —杜4』的疋,為簡早及清楚說明起見,圖示中所舉 凡 &比例畫出。例如,為清楚起見’其中某些元
1):\5499〇 565606
圖卜5說明在積體電路(ic)上形成一銅連接的方法。圖工 說明一具有一基層(substrate)12的半導體結構10。圖j 中,基層12具有一通常為一單結晶矽圓盤之基座/底部區 域。然而,亦可使用其他半導體基層,例如鍺 (germanium)、砷化鎵(gaiiium arsenide)、石夕化鍺 (germanium silicon)、絕緣體矽基層(silic〇n_〇n — insulator (SOI) substrates)、碳化矽基層(siHc〇n carbide substrates)、蠢晶層(epitaxial Uyers)、聚 合石夕基層(polysilicon substrate)及類似物質。 圖1中雖未特別說明,實際上是使用傳統積體電路處理 方法在起始基層物質表面上形成場效隔離(field isolation)及主動電氣裝置(例如電容、金氧半導體場效 電晶體(MOSFETs)、雙極裝置、二極體 '邏輯閘等)。圖丄 中這些層是承續性地和集體式地以底部/基座層丨2來說 明。這些形成於基層上的主動裝置是以類似於聚合石夕、非 結晶矽(amorphous si 1 icon)或化合鹽區域(sal icided regions)之半導電層來連接。另一替代方案是,這些主動 電路亦可藉由金屬連接或某些半導電連接與金屬連接的組 合方式來連接。圖1中說明一至少代表這些半導電或金屬 連接結構其中之一的層1 4。如選取該層1 4當做金屬連接, 通常會選擇類似於鎢、鋁及鋁合金、銅、金、銀、耐鎵金 屬、導電氧化物、其合成物或相似的物質。 圖1說明一電介質層1 6形成於該連接結構1 4的一頂面上 。在某一形式下,圖j中該層i β係一四乙基正矽酸鹽
D:\54990.ptd 第10頁 565606 五、發明說明(5) (tetraethylorthosilicate(TEOS))層及 / 或一臭氧 TE0S(四乙基正矽酸鹽)層。在其他形式下,該層ι6可以是 一低-k絕緣體、石夕硼構玻璃(borophoshosilicate glass (BPSG))、氟化TE0S(四乙基正矽酸鹽)(FTE0S)、聚合物、 加強電漿式TE0S(四乙基正矽酸鹽)(PETE0S)、其合成物或 類似物質。該層1 6的典型厚度是介於大約2 0 0 0 β (埃)與 8 0 0 0 Α (埃)之間,而該等電介質層通常是由某些形式的化 學蒸汽沉澱(CVD)所形成。 然後一钱刻堵塞層(etch stop layer)18形成於該層16 的一頂面上。層18通常是由一加強電漿式氮化物(pen)、 一氮氧化矽(S i ON)物質、其合成物、類似於暴露在氧化物 蝕刻物質時具有和氧化物不同的蝕刻速率之層所形成。該 層1 8的典型厚度是介於大約1 〇 〇肩(埃)與3 〇 0 Z (埃)之間。 必須注意的是可使用時間钱刻(t i m e e t c h i n g)使任何需要 屬於圖1之結構的蝕刻堵塞層變成不需要。因此,蝕刻堵 塞層1 8並非必要的。 在該蝕刻堵塞層1 8形成後,一電介質層2 〇形成於該蝕刻. 堵塞層1 8的一頂面上。該層2 〇之物質成份類似於先前討論 的層16。此外,該層20之厚度可與先前討論的層16之厚度 相比擬,或製造成使該層1 6的厚度最多比該層2 〇之厚度大 二倍。然後利用已知的石版影印處理術 (p h 〇 t ο 1 i t h 〇 g r a p h i c p r 〇 c e s s i n g)及傳統蝕刻技術以形成 一通過該層1 6之通道(v i a)開口和一通過該層2 〇之溝槽連 接開口。就如先前的雙嵌入(dual inlaid)技藝,這些通
D:\54990.ptd 第11頁 565606
圓(triazole)或二氮二烯伍圓衍社4 ·丄.、 土初 Uriazole denvauve)。特別是,該聚體中可用的氧化 氫(HJ2)。經驗顯示對於銅的去除报疋過乳化 ’丁、1有效之碳酸酵 稀伍圓衍生物或二氮二稀伍圓溶液加入該漿體中。例如, 經試驗顯示,將1、2、4-二氮二烯伍圓加入該銅化學機械 括類似於一4更多^蒙酸銨或檸檬酸卸的許多棒 中之-。㈣驗顯示可產生良好的鋼去除及平面化之;型 研磨劑是礬土研磨@ ’但亦可以⑦研磨劑取代該緣土研磨 劑或與該礬土研磨劑一起使用。此外,亦可選擇將二氮二 研磨(C Μ Ρ)漿體中可藉由減少銅陷入氧化物溝槽開口的數 量而改善銅的平面化。圖2的漿體24中所用之典塑溶劑是 一或更多去離子水(Η20)或一酒精。 概言之,該漿體24之氧化劑(Η2 02 )可在大約〇. 2重量百分 比(wt%)至5.0重量百分比(wt%)的任何範圍内。該碳酸酵 素鹽或檸檬酸鹽可在大約0. 2重量百分比至大約2 0重量百 分比的範圍内。該研磨漿體(礬土研磨劑)大約是在該漿體 2 4的1. 0重量百分比至1 2 · 0重量百分比之間。此外,可選 擇在該漿體24内提供一二氮二稀伍圓(triazole)或二氮二 烯伍圓衍生物(triazole derivative)使其大約在該漿體 24的0.05重量百分比至2.0重量百分比之間。該漿體24的 其餘部分通常為去離子水及/或酒精溶液。 在一較佳形式中,經試驗顯示使用一 1. 〇重量百分比至 1.5重量百分比範圍之過氧化氫、一濃度在0.8重量百分比 至1· 3重量百分比範圍内之檸檬酸鹽、一濃度在2· 0重、量百
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分比至4· 〇重量百分比範圍内之礬 約0 . 1重吾百分比曼〇 ?舌县π、 ⑷ 八 里么白刀比至U」重!百分比之間的二氮二稀伍圓 (tnazole)而其餘部分為溶劑,可達到適當之銅(Cu)研 f。,範圍内已曰使用過之較佳溶液是12重量百分比的過 軋匕氫1.1重量百分比的檸檬酸銨、3, 〇重量百分比的 土漿體'°,12重量百分比的1、2、4—二氮二稀伍®而其餘 部分為去離子水(h2 0)。 ' 圖3說明先前所述的層22a已藉由該漿體24連同該研磨 墊2 6之機械動作而予以去除。隨著研磨的進展及氧化物質 之去除,氧化層22b連續不斷地形成。該等氧化層225隨時 間連續不斷地形成且新的CU(銅)原子暴露於該漿體,藉由 該漿體24之相互化學作用連同該研磨襯墊26的相互機械作 用而不斷地將該等氧化層22b去除。因此,如圖3所示,香 疊於該絕緣體20之層22的整體厚度減少,同時該層22之軟 體平面隨時間漸漸改善。 a 圖4說明使用該漿體24之化學機械研磨(CMP)持續不斷直 到如圖4所示形成一銅連接28。在一較佳形式中,該連接 2 8係形成於該層2 〇之頂面的同一平面上。然而,大部分化 學機械研磨(C Μ P)系統可能會發生該銅層2 2之凹陷/凹窟, 結果產生如圖4所示的四陷連接2 8。必須注意的是經試驗 顯示該化學機械研磨(CMP)漿體中二氮二烯伍圓 (triazole)或二氮二烯伍圓衍生物(triazole derivative)之存在可減少該銅連接28的有害凹陷。然 而,在所有應用中均不可能完全消除該層2 8之凹陷。圖4
D:\54990. ptd 第15頁 565606 五、發明說明(10) 亦說明在該連接層28的一頂面上可能殘留一薄銅氧化物層 2 2c。 曰 圖5說明圖4所述之銅凹陷問題可藉由執行圖2_4所述的 銅研磨然後繼續執行氧化物研磨來補救。為執行氧化物研 磨’在半導體結構10的頂面上應用一第二漿體3〇及_第二 研磨概塾32以執行第二化學機械研磨(CMP)作業。圖5之研 磨觀塾32及圖3的襯墊26可以是同一化學機械研磨(CMP)工 具上之同一襯墊,同時襯墊26及32可以是相當不同的化學 ,械研磨(CMP)工具上之不同研磨襯墊。該等漿體3〇及2: 是以不同為較佳,藉以使該漿體30最適於以氧化物去除方 式選擇性地去除銅,同時使該漿體24最適於以銅去除方式 選,性地去除氧化物。圖5中,該漿體3〇通常是包括K〇H及 去離子水之砍研磨劑。該漿體3 0連同該研磨襯墊3 2將有效 地去除層2 0之一薄頂面部分,藉以使該層2 0再次與該銅連 接28的頂面位於同一平面上。 图0中 銅又嵌入連接係藉由使用此處所教的銅化學機 械研磨(CMP)漿體來完成。 雖然已在參考特定具體實施例下描述及說明本發明, 部然意將本發明限制於該等說明用的具體實施例。該等熟 悉本技藝之專家將認知到可在不偏離本發明的精神與範圍 下進行修改及變動。例如,隨著石版印刷影片 (lithographic feature)尺寸的縮小及技術進展,此處所 討論之厚度極可能隨時間而縮小。其他類似於低壓CVD(化 學蒸汽沉殿)(LPCVD)、加強電漿式CVD(化學蒸汽沉澱)
苐16頁 D:\54990.ptd 565606 五、發明說明(11) (PECVD)、物理蒸汽沉澱(PVD)、非電解式電鍍、喷濺 (s p u 11 e r i n g )及類似技術的沉殿方法可用以形成此處之各 種層。可使用H2 02 (過氧化氫)以外的其他氧化劑,其中此 處所教的氧化劑可以是任何將銅氧化之化學物質。因此, 用意在於使本發明涵蓋在以下申請專利範圍内的所有變動 及修改。
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Claims (1)
- 565606 案號 六、申請專利範圍 1 · 一種 4年//月》曰 漿體(24 j,其包括: 一 0.2 wt%至5 wt%之量的氧化劑; 一 0. 2 wt%至20 wt%之量的碳酸酵素鹽; 一 1.0 wt%至12 wt%之量的研磨漿體,及一溶劑。 2. —種用以研磨積體電路(10)上的銅層(22)之方法,該 方法包括下述步驟: 形成一具有頂面之電介質層(20); 在該電介質層(20)中形成一開口; 在該開口内及該電介質層之頂面上形成一含銅層 (22);及 利用包括一氧化劑、一檸檬酸鹽、一研磨漿體及一溶 劑之漿體(24)來研磨該含銅層(22),其中重疊於該電介質 層頂面上之含銅層的一部分被去除而該含銅層之一部分留 在該開口中。 3. —種用以研磨積體電路(10)上銅層(22)之方法,該方 法包括下列步驟: 形成一第一電介質層(16); 在該第一電介質層(18)中形成一钱刻中止層(etch stop layer) ; · 在該蝕刻中止層上形成一第二電介質層(20),其中該 第二電介質層具有一頂面; 藉由該第一電介質層形成一通道(via); 藉由該第二電介質層形成一連接溝槽,其中該通道位 於該連接溝槽底下;O:\54\54990.ptc 第20頁 565606 _案號87117239 年"月》9 修正_ 六、申請專利範圍 在該連接溝槽及該通道中形成一障礙層; 在該連接溝槽中、該通道中、該第二電介質層之頂面 上及該障礙層上形成一含銅層(22);及 利用含有氧化劑、檸檬酸鹽、研磨漿體、二氮二烯伍 圓衍生物及溶劑之漿體(2 4 )來研磨該含銅層,該含銅層的 一部份留在該通道及該連接溝槽中,而覆蓋於該第二電介 質層頂面之一部份則被移除。 4. 一種用以研磨積體電路(10)上的銅層(22)之方法,該 方法包括下述步驟: 形成一具有頂面之電介質層(20); 在該電介質層(2 0 )中形成一開口; 在該開口内及該電介質層之頂面上形成一含銅層 (22);及 利用一槳體(24)來研磨該含銅層(22),以去除重疊於 該電介質層頂面上之含銅層的一部分並留含銅層之一部分 於該開口中,其中該漿體包括一氧化劑、一擰檬酸銨鹽、 一研磨漿體、一二氮二烯伍圓或二氮二烯伍圓衍生物及一 溶劑,其中重疊於該電介質層頂面上之含銅層的一部分被 去除而該含銅層之一部分留在該開口中。 5. —種用以研磨積體電路(10)上的銅層(22)之方法,該 方法包括下述步驟: 形成一具有頂面之電介質層(20); 在該電介質層(2 0 )中形成一開口; 在該開口内及該電介質層之頂面上形成一含銅層O:\54\54990.ptc 第21頁 565606 案號 87117239 办年//月Z2曰 修正 六、申請專利範圍 (22);及 利用一漿體(24)來研磨該含銅金屬層(22),以去除重疊 於該電介質層頂面上之含銅層的一部分並留該含銅層之一 部分於該開口中,其中該漿體包括: 1.0重量百分比(wt % )1至1.5重量百分比(wt % )之過氧化 氮; 0 . 8重量百分比(w t % ) 1至2 0重量百分比(w t % )之檸檬酸銨 鹽; 2.0重量百分比(wt%)l至4.0重量百分比(wt%)之礬土研 磨劑;及 0. 05重量百分比(wt%)l至2.0重量百分比(wt%)之二氮二 烯伍圓或二氮二烯伍圓衍生物。O:\54\54990.ptc 第22頁
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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US08/954,190 US5897375A (en) | 1997-10-20 | 1997-10-20 | Chemical mechanical polishing (CMP) slurry for copper and method of use in integrated circuit manufacture |
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TW087117239A TW565606B (en) | 1997-10-20 | 1998-10-19 | Chemical mechanical polishing slurry and method for polishing a copper layer on an integrated circuit |
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US (1) | US5897375A (zh) |
JP (1) | JPH11238709A (zh) |
KR (1) | KR100357806B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1195896C (zh) |
HK (1) | HK1021210A1 (zh) |
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1998
- 1998-10-13 SG SG1998004197A patent/SG67572A1/en unknown
- 1998-10-14 JP JP30951098A patent/JPH11238709A/ja active Pending
- 1998-10-19 KR KR10-1998-0043576A patent/KR100357806B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-19 TW TW087117239A patent/TW565606B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1998-10-20 CN CNB981209874A patent/CN1195896C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
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TWI833732B (zh) * | 2018-02-22 | 2024-03-01 | 麻省理工學院 | 降低半導體基材之表面不均勻度的方法 |
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US5897375A (en) | 1999-04-27 |
CN1195896C (zh) | 2005-04-06 |
JPH11238709A (ja) | 1999-08-31 |
KR19990037180A (ko) | 1999-05-25 |
SG67572A1 (en) | 1999-09-21 |
KR100357806B1 (ko) | 2003-01-24 |
CN1223308A (zh) | 1999-07-21 |
HK1021210A1 (en) | 2000-06-02 |
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