TW463242B - Method of depositing a stack including titanium and titanium nitride films on a wafer surface in a single chamber - Google Patents
Method of depositing a stack including titanium and titanium nitride films on a wafer surface in a single chamber Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW463242B TW463242B TW089107467A TW89107467A TW463242B TW 463242 B TW463242 B TW 463242B TW 089107467 A TW089107467 A TW 089107467A TW 89107467 A TW89107467 A TW 89107467A TW 463242 B TW463242 B TW 463242B
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- titanium
- film
- deposited
- depositing
- patent application
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 111
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 110
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000000623 plasma-assisted chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims description 72
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002079 cooperative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- -1 titanium halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021341 titanium silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium tetrachloride Chemical compound Cl[Ti](Cl)(Cl)Cl XJDNKRIXUMDJCW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000008246 gaseous mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- RCYJPSGNXVLIBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanylidenetitanium Chemical compound [S].[Ti] RCYJPSGNXVLIBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 2
- ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 232Th Chemical compound [232Th] ZSLUVFAKFWKJRC-IGMARMGPSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052776 Thorium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013361 beverage Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007872 degassing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 235000012431 wafers Nutrition 0.000 description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 8
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910003074 TiCl4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- BAQNULZQXCKSQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);titanium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Ti+4].[Ti+4] BAQNULZQXCKSQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002028 premature Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052778 Plutonium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulphide Chemical compound [S-2] UCKMPCXJQFINFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010165 TiCu Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001351 cycling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004268 dentin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009501 film coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium atom Chemical compound [Hf] VBJZVLUMGGDVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N plutonium atom Chemical compound [Pu] OYEHPCDNVJXUIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhenium atom Chemical compound [Re] WUAPFZMCVAUBPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000015170 shellfish Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- NMJKIRUDPFBRHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium Chemical compound [Ti].[Ti] NMJKIRUDPFBRHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76853—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers characterized by particular after-treatment steps
- H01L21/76855—After-treatment introducing at least one additional element into the layer
- H01L21/76856—After-treatment introducing at least one additional element into the layer by treatment in plasmas or gaseous environments, e.g. nitriding a refractory metal liner
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
- C23C16/0209—Pretreatment of the material to be coated by heating
- C23C16/0218—Pretreatment of the material to be coated by heating in a reactive atmosphere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/06—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of metallic material
- C23C16/08—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of metallic material from metal halides
- C23C16/14—Deposition of only one other metal element
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
- C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
- C23C16/34—Nitrides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/44—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating
- C23C16/50—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the method of coating using electric discharges
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
- C23C16/56—After-treatment
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/285—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
- H01L21/28506—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
- H01L21/28512—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
- H01L21/28556—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table by chemical means, e.g. CVD, LPCVD, PECVD, laser CVD
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/28—Manufacture of electrodes on semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/268
- H01L21/283—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current
- H01L21/285—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation
- H01L21/28506—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers
- H01L21/28512—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
- H01L21/28568—Deposition of conductive or insulating materials for electrodes conducting electric current from a gas or vapour, e.g. condensation of conductive layers on semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table the conductive layers comprising transition metals
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/70—Manufacture or treatment of devices consisting of a plurality of solid state components formed in or on a common substrate or of parts thereof; Manufacture of integrated circuit devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/71—Manufacture of specific parts of devices defined in group H01L21/70
- H01L21/768—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics
- H01L21/76838—Applying interconnections to be used for carrying current between separate components within a device comprising conductors and dielectrics characterised by the formation and the after-treatment of the conductors
- H01L21/76841—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers
- H01L21/76843—Barrier, adhesion or liner layers formed in openings in a dielectric
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Electrodes Of Semiconductors (AREA)
Description
46324 2
經濟部智慧財產局員工消f合作社印製 五、發明說明(1 ) 本申請案爲美國專利申請案序列號第〇9/294,487號之部 分延續’(歸檔於丨999年4月2〇曰),其内容明確以參考之 方式併於本文。 發明範圍 本發明係關於以化學氣相沉積法(CVD)將薄膜塗層覆至 基材,更明確關於以CVD方法將阻擋疊層(例如鈦及氮化 鈦)覆至半導體晶片基材。 發明背景 在形成積體電路(IC’s)時’經常使含金屬元素之薄膜沉積 到基片表面上,如沉積於半導體晶片上。沉積薄膜用於在 電路和各種IC器件間提供導電接觸及歐姆(電阻)接觸。例 如’可使所需薄膜覆到半導體晶圓上觸點或通路孔之暴露 表面’該薄膜通過晶圓之絕緣層提供導電材料插塞,以跨 越絕緣層製造内部互連。 沉積金屬薄膜的一種熟悉方法爲化學氣相沉積法 (CVD) ’在各種沉積中,薄膜係用化學反應或反應劑氣體 於基片表面上沉積。在CVD方法中,反應氣體係以泵送入 反應室内基片之近處’該氣體隨後於基片表面反應,產生 一種或多種反應副產物’在基片表面上形成薄膜入沉積後 將保留的任何副產物自該室移除。雖然CVD方法爲沉積薄 膜的一種有用技術,但很多傳統CVD方法基本上爲熱方 法’爲獲得必要反應,需要超過5〇〇或10CKTC之高溫。由於 南溫對電器件組成1C的各種其它方面和層具有一定影響, 所以沉積溫度時常太高,以致於不能實用於I C製造。因 -4- 本紙張尺度適計國國家梯準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) {請先閱讀背面之注^項再填寫本頁) -裝· I — I,I 訂 **ιιιι·ι—Λ 463242 A7 B7
五、發明說明(2 ) 經濟部智慧財產局負工消費合作社印製 此,一種用於降低反應溫度之CVD方法爲使一種或多種反 應氣體離子化。此類技術一般稱爲電漿增強化學氣相沉積 (PECVD)。一種有效PECVD方法在普通轉讓美國專利第 5,975,9 12號中闡述,其標題爲"低溫電漿增強形成積體電 路"(Low Temperature Plasma-Enhanced Formation of Integrated Circuits),其内容完全以參考之方式併於本文。 第912號專利揭示一種低溫(<500°(:)?£(:乂0-丁丨和1'丨>4薄膜之 單室方法。美國專利第5,567,243及第5,716,870號描述沉積 PECVD-Ti薄膜之硬體設計及方法。 在諸多應用中,需要在沉積某種金屬導體(如鋁或鶴)前 沉積氮化鈦阻擋層。可由化學氣相沉積法沉積氮化鈦。化 學氣相沉積之反應劑和副產物-尤其爲四氣化鈦-作用蝕刻 鈦接觸層。因此,必須在氮化鈦氣相沉積前將鈦氮化。因 而產生出疊層’其包括欽薄膜、鈥薄膜之氮化層及上部氮 ,所有各層均介於下面基片或導體和上層金屬之 間。 、 施加及使鈦氮化之習用方法爲PECVD法。沉積氮化鈦習 用熱CVD方法。此等PECVD及熱CVD反應包括不同製程參 數’且需要不同處理設備。因此,代表性欽、經氮化鈇及 氮化鈦疊層製造製程序列係於兩個單獨模塊中進行,二者 通常與丰導體晶圓製造群集設備的公共眞空轉移模塊相 連。其製程序列包括,首先以相當架空時間將各晶圓轉移 至PECVD模塊’在用於Ti-PECVD之模塊中建立穩定製造 條件’在鈦沉積及氮化經沉積鈦層後,抽吸該模塊,使晶 -5- 冬紙诋尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) I 1 n ϋ Lw ϋ n *1 n 1 — * i f I ϋ i n ϋ I I # Γ清先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 463242 A7 ------- B7 __ 五、發明說明(3 ) 圓通過轉移模塊送至熱CVD模塊,以沉積氮化鈦層,其包 括在熱CVD-TiN沉積模塊中建立穩定製造條件,然後自熱 C VD-TiN模塊移出該晶圓。 不同製程參數阻礙在相同模塊中結合pECVQ-Ti和熱 CVD-TiN之積成。傳統上’用於pECVD_Ti之喷^淋頭溫度至 少爲425 °C,因爲更低溫度形成易於自噴淋頭剝離的 TiClxHY,但不超過500T,因爲更高溫度將對金屬噴淋頭 產生氣腐蝕’該溫度對電漿產生、溫度控制以及PECVD反 應器中的其它因素較佳。另—方面,在TiN沉積所用之熱 CVD反應器中’噴淋頭溫度—般至少爲15〇°C,因爲更低 溫度將導致NHqCl凝聚,但不超過250Ό,因爲更高溫度將 在喷淋頭上產生TiN沉積。晶圓溫度及室壓一般亦因 PECVD-Ti及熱CVD反應而不同。溫度和壓力循環使過多薄 片自反應器組件中沉積’需要頻繁就地及外部清理,所有 這些均降低產量及增加架空時間,尤其增加恢復製程參數 變化之穩定時間。 現已經在同一反應器中用TiN沉積及Ti沉積之PECVD方 法沉積Ti及TiN,但用TiN之熱CVD產生之TiN薄膜性能及 沉積效率具有較佳優勢。 因此’需要沉積Ti ’經氮化Ti及TiN之疊層之更充分和有 效之方法,特別爲使用PECVD-Ti和熱CVD-TiN之方法。 發明概述 本發明提供於單一室中連續沉積鈦和氮化鈦之CVD方 法,特別藉由PEC VD法沉積鈦,隨後氮化,且由熱CVD法 -6- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 ----II 訂--I ----—-! 463242 A7 五、發明說明(4 沉積TiN。爲此曰认、 將鈦薄膜藉由接基:=據本發明之方法’在反應室中 衆沉積到基片表面上接二成四“減體和氨氣之電 氣、氮氣或氨氣/氮氣旧入:、严内藉含11風體(如氨 jr ^ ^ ^ 气巩邮&物)亂化經沉積之鈦薄膜,隨後 在间—至内由埶C VD .,表你各V, 膜上。 …VD^使氮化鈦薄膜沉積到經氮化之鈦薄 根據本發明的—個M彳 们軚佳具體實施例,噴淋頭溫度、基片 ΰ®度及室内厚力力下;,”社_ 士麵,— 積、丁丨氮化及丁iN沉積製程中保持 隨·亙疋’如此減少剥落和顆粒產生,減少由製程參數變 化產生之架空。本發明之單室方法藉結合⑽沉積和下面 鈦沉積及氮化製程而增加生產率。 在:發明的某些具體實施例中’基片溫度較佳在整個製 程中高於鈥㈣在同-室反應之最低溫度,且低於四氣化 鈦蝕刻矽(最高溫度。例如,該基片溫度較佳在整個製程 中保持在至少㈣(TC^T、高於·。c之溫度。選擇基片溫 度提供至少約58(TC最佳界限更佳。喷淋頭溫度較佳保持 在至少約425°C溫度,以防止不穩定鈥化合物自噴淋頭剌 洛,但在整個製程中較佳不超過約7〇〇χ:之最大製程溫 度。對金屬噴淋頭而言,喷淋頭溫度保持在不大於5〇〇。〇 溫度更佳,以避晃腐蝕金屬。在整個製程中,内室壓力 佳保持在約1托(torr)至約1 〇托之壓力。如此提供在單個 應室内積合鈦及氮化鈦之沉積方法。 繪圖簡述 該圖爲用於本發明沉積室之部分截面側視圖。對該裝置 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) I I I--- I - — I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消费合作社印製 較 反 46324 2 A7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消费合作社印製 _______B7_五、發明說明(5 ) 之改進揭示於美國專利第5,628,829號,其内容全部以參考 之方式併於本文。 發明詳述 有效PECVD方法頃於普通轉讓美國專利5,975,9 12號闡 明,其標題爲"低溫電漿增強形成積體電路",其全部内容 以參考之方式併於本文。第912號專利揭示低溫(<5〇〇°C ) PECVD-Ti和TiN薄膜之單室製造方法。美國專利第 5,567,243及5,716,870號描述沉積1^(:乂〇-1^薄膜之硬體設計 及方法’二者分別以參考之方式併於本文。普通轉讓及同 在申請中美國專利申請案序列號第09/063,196號揭示在 PECVD-Ti模塊中產生有價値/穩定PECVD‘Ti製程之製程流 動參數,其標題爲M鈍化及改良Ti-PECVD製造室及操作之 方法 ”(Method of Passivating And Conditioning Ti-PECVD Process Chamber And Method of Processing Therewith)" > 其 全部内容併於本文以供參考。普通轉讓及同在申請中之美 國專利申請案序列號第08/9 14,673號標題爲"TiCl4蝕刻方法 在積合C —VD-Ti/TiN晶片製程中之用途"(Use of TiCl4 Etch Back Process During Integrated CVD-Ti/TiN Wafer Processing)" > 其揭示在CVD-TiN沉積前使鈦薄膜蝕離氧化表面之方法, 其内容明確以參考之方式併於本文。該方法消除在隨後 CVD-TiN製程中由高分壓TiCl4侵蝕鈦薄膜產生之問題。美 國專利第5,279,857及5,308,655號揭示藉助安卡爾氨 (ammonia anneal)減小CVD-TiN薄膜電阻率之方法,二者全 部以參考之方式併於本文。普通轉讓及同在申請中美國專 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -8 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 46324 2 A7 經濟部智慧財產局貝工消t合作社印製 B7_____五、發明說明(6 ) 利案序列號第08/940,779號標題爲11在CVD及PECVD反應中 防止反應氣體之過早混合物之方法及裝置(Apparatus and Method for Preventing the Premature Mixture of Reactant Gases in CVD and PECVD Reactions),所揭示噴淋頭設計 使兩種反應氣體非經混合引入C VD室,該案内容全部以參 考之方式併於本文。普通轉讓及同在申請中美國專利申請 案序列號第09/153,128號標題爲”在PECVD操作室電隔離電 極之裝置(Apparatus for Electrically Isolating an Electrode in a PECVD Process Chamber),其内容以參考之方式併於 本文,其設計揭示防止在RF(射頻)供電表面及接地表面 間之絕緣體上形成導電通路。美國專利第5,593,51 1號揭示 鈦層之低溫氮化,其全部内容以參考之方式併於本文。 繪圖顯示本發明所用CVD反應器的一個具體實施例。類 似結構揭示於美國專利第5,647,9i 1號,其揭示内容全部以 參考之力式併於本文。反應器20包括沉積室外殼22,沉 積室外殼22界定反應或沉積空間24。可選擇性將反應器 20(具體爲外殼22内之反應空間24)排空至各種不同内部 壓力。對Ti和TiNCVD反應而言’此等壓力一般於〇.2至20 托(T〇rr)範圍内。支持基片2δ之基座26與軸承30結合。爲 使基座26能夠加熱其上承載之基片28,亦可由加熱元件 (未顯示)加熱基座2 6,以達到實施製程所需之控制溫度。 該溫度通常至少爲約500°C,而對本文所述方法而言,該 溫度較佳自約580°C至約700°C。 自外殼22之上壁32向下延伸爲圓柱形裝配34,該装配 -9 - (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS>A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 463242 A7 _______B7 五、發明說明(7 ) 連接至氣體分散噴淋頭36。嘴淋頭36藉裝配㈣浮於基 片28上。圓柱部件34與上殼壁32中形成之開口u奸入, 於外殼蓋46和噴淋頭36間延伸形成—般垂直液動通道 44。喷淋頭3 6較佳爲後混合類型噴琳頭,其類型描述於 1997年9月30日歸檔的美國專利案序列號第⑽削〇,川 號’其内容以參考之方式併於本文,其標題爲"在⑽及 PECVD反應中防止反應氣體之過早混合物之方法及裝置 ,·。噴淋頭36經延伸通過蓋46適合RF進料管線裝配“連 接至RF(射頻)電源38。封閉結構49封閉進料管線裝配4〇 周圍之開口。進料管線40可包括傳熱管(未顯示),以驅散 不需要之熱量。因此,可將噴淋頭用作電漿增強⑽(例 如,用於沉積鈦及使鈦氮化)之電極及氣體引入元件,或 者用作沉積氮化欽之氣體分布喷淋頭。 貪淋頭3 6用.R F (射頻)電源施加偏壓,以用作π。Vd技 術之RF.i;極。RF電極之近間距以及所得濃電漿極有用於 ^ECVD,特別用於含鈦薄膜之PECVD。RF電源以通過 管線裝配4 0對噴淋頭3 6施加偏壓,以將該噴淋頭作用作 RF電極。因此,接地基座26可形成另一個平行電極。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印ΙΪ %車又佳產生於喷淋頭3 6及基座2 6之間。經施加偏壓喷淋 ·=*負3 6產生之r p·场激發通過孔洞6 4分配之電槳氣體,使電 水儿即在嘴淋頭36下方產生’而不產生在高於喷淋頭/電 極的流動空間4 4範圍内。可在RF進料管線裝配4 〇内用絕 緣套筒使R F管線與外殼2 2和圓柱裝配3 4之金屬絕緣。可 用石英絕緣環62將噴淋頭36與圓柱裝配34分隔。可用基
本紙張尺度適財S 8家標準(CNSM4規格(210 X 297公釐) 463242 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印裂 A7 B7____ 五、發明說明(8 ) 座26旋轉保證均句流動氣體生成用於均勻沉積之電漿氣 體。 反應氣體(如TiCU)係通過環5 0和5 2引入。來自環5 〇及 5 2之氣泥在流動空間4 4段内推進,使氣體運行至噴淋頭 3 ό。反應氣體之氣態微粒係藉噴淋頭3 6及基座2 6產生之 RF電場激發。因此,受激反應氣體微粒之氣態混合物以 及電漿氣體之原子團和離子集中在基片28上方以及該基 片附近。圓柱裝配34之尺寸使噴淋頭36和基片28之間距 較佳低於2 5毫米,約2 〇毫米更佳。 用於PECVD噴淋頭3 6之RF能量頻率介於(例如)45〇千赫 ^t(KHz)和13.56千千赫茲較為適宜,儘管pecvd-Ή反應及 氮化反應對頻率不特別敏感。在接近基片2 8使用噴淋頭 36使具高密度之有用氣體原子團和離子之濃電漿接近該 基片表面29。 廢氣通過出口 53自反應空間24排出。可提供擋板27穩 定基座2 6周圍之氣流。 該反應器20用於電漿增強化學氣相沉積鈦、氮化鈦、矽 化鈦、亦用於前沉積鈦薄膜退火生成氮化鈦。用上述反應 器20及下述製程條件,使鈦沉積、氮化和氮化鈦沉積全 部在單室反應器2 0内連續進行。 基片28可為任何類型IC基片,包括矽或氧化矽以及具 金屬導體、觸點、絕緣層及類似之經塗覆或部分塗覆基 質。本發明的某些方面特別用於沉積到矽上。 為沉積鈦薄膜,需將氫氣加至南化鈦氣體(如四氣化鈦) -11- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱) ------------Ϊ --------訂---------r (請先閱讀背面之;i意事項再填寫本頁} 4 哚濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 6324 2 A7 _____B7______五、發明說明(9 ) 中。在該反應中,四氣化鈦之流速為約2至约〖〇〇 sccm( — 般為約5 seem) ’且伴有有意義過量之氫氣流。通常,氫氣 流速為四氣化鈦流速約i 〇至約500倍,例如約3〇〇倍,亦可 使用氬’從而部分排除氫氣。用於混合此等氣體之氣體入 口溫度或噴淋頭溫度確定於約425χ;至約500°C,而基片被 加熱為至少約500°C和約700t:之間,約580X:最佳。反應室 之壓力可自約0.2托至約20托,一般约1.0托至約10托。在 高於20托壓力時,可能將不會形成電漿。 RF電極係於約100瓦至約5千瓦最大功率(在此功率時, 设備可能損壞)操作。但出於實施需要,約350瓦足夠。 R F電極之頻率設置於約3 3千千赫茲至約5 5千赫茲,約 450千赫兹可以接受。該頻率為聯邦通訊委員會(Federal Communication Commission)確定之頻率,大多數設備為該 頻率建立。然而’該頻率當然不決定本發明之最佳頻率β 因而’經混合南化鈦和氫氣氣體注入圓柱裝配3 4,且通 過RF電極/噴淋頭。電漿經產生,使鈦生成及沉積到基片 28上。氫與南反應而被耗盡,如與氯反應生成氣化氫。 繼續反應,沉積鈥薄膜,直到覆上所需厚度之薄膜。該厚 度根據特殊及所需應用,可自約2〇埃至約2,〇〇〇埃(人)變 化。 ’ 可視需要使矽化鈦沉積至基片表面2 9上,如在接觸孔或 通路内沉積。為生成矽化鈦,使齒化鈦氣體(較佳用四氣 化致)與碎烷反應生成矽化鈦及氯化氫。如必要,可引入 惰性氣體(如氬或氦)保持壓力B 然後在同一反應器2 0内將上述所沉積鈦薄膜氮化。在該 -------------------訂---------^.5; 〈請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -12- 本纸張尺度刺_國國家標(CNS>A4規格(210 X 297公爱) 46324 2 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局貝工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(1〇 ) 反應中,基片28足表面29上所沉積鈦薄膜係暴露於含氮 電漿下,如氨及/或氮電漿。較佳使用氨,因爲其反應性 良好。該電漿係藉由使氮化氣體簡單以高溫及減壓經過 Rr %極產生。氮化氣體較佳爲氨或氣氣,其流速可自约 10 sccmi約5000 seem。該RF頻率較佳爲58〇千赫茲。反 應溫度(即基片溫度)至少爲约500χ,至少約58crc更佳。 用於氮化之較佳基片溫度與沉積鈦薄膜所用溫度相同,使 得在製程間大體上沒有基片溫度變化。在氮化鈦沉積期 間,噴淋頭較佳保持在於約425。(:至約5〇(rc,較佳與沉積 鈦薄膜所用噴淋頭溫度相同。 氮化期間,反應室之内壓必須保持低於大氣壓,—般可 自約0.2托至約2 0托,較佳約i至約丨〇托。反應室於鈦氮 化期間之内壓與沉積鈦薄膜所用壓力相同,使得製程間没 有壓力變化。在氮化反應中,反應時間可自约i秒至約i⑼ 秒,較佳約30-50秒。 氮化飲係藉由熱CVD法沉積於經氮化之經沉積鈦薄膜 上,如藉四氣化鈦或其它由化鈦與氮源(如氨氣或氮氣和 氫氣之混合物)反應,產生氮化鈦及氣化氫副產物。齒化 鈦之流速較佳自約0.5至約5〇 sccm ^氮源氣體之流速應自 约5 0至约5〇〇〇 sccm。反應溫度或基片溫度至少爲約5⑽ °C,較佳與沉積鈦薄膜及鈦薄膜氮化所用基片溫度相同, 使得在製程間没有基片溫度變化。氮化鈦沉積期間,嘴淋 頭較佳保持於約425°C至約500。(:,較佳與沉積鈦薄膜及欽 薄膜氮化所用噴淋頭溫度相同。與習用熱CVD_TiN沉積製 -13- 本紙張尺度適用中關家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 * 297公爱) -!裝--------訂. (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 46324 2 __B7__ 五、發明說明(11 ) 程中以較低溫度防止TiN沉積於噴淋頭上不同,較高溫度 使TiN沉積於噴淋頭上,用TiN沉積集合Ti、氮化及ήν沉 積之製程條件,使反應器更加穩定。使用恆定溫度避免在 溫度循環下產生顆粒。亦可使用580°C或590°C之噴淋頭溫 度,用噴淋頭之陶磁性或其它抗腐蝕塗層防止熱反應氣體 與喷淋頭發生腐蝕反應時,亦可使噴淋頭溫度達到650 °C,或甚至700Ό。 在TiN之熱CVD期間,該反應室之内部壓力可保持於約 0.2托至約2 0托,較佳約1至1 〇托。該反應室之内部壓力 較佳保持恆定’較佳與沉積鈦薄膜及鈦薄膜氮化所用壓力 相同,使得在製程間實質上沒有壓力變化。 因此,多重分層係根據本發明在單個反應室内沉積於基 片上。首先使鈦層沉積於基片上,隨後由氨或氮電漿退火 將鈦氮化。然後根據前述步驟沉積氮化鈦層。基片溫度、 噴淋頭溫度及内I一直保持在大體恆定値較爲有利。在製 程間避免溫度及壓力變化,能夠減少剝落及顆粒產生。避 免參數變化更利單室使用,因爲能消除抽吸和清潔時間, 特別可消除或減少由製程參數變化導致之穩定化時間,因 而大大增加產量。而且,以一室代替二室時,可用兩個單 室結合Ti/TiN處理模塊雙倍處理以不同室中同時處理兩塊 晶圓之多個基片。這更進一增加產量,而且亦由消除架空 (與在兩個室中連續實施製程有關)而增加產率。本發明之 單至方法更允s午限制單套參數,然後在整個製程中使用。 在本發明的另-個具體實施例中,積合接觸金屬敷錢製 (請先Μ讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 - ----I — 訂--I I--I--始.” 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -14· 463242 A7 B7 12 五、發明說明( 程係首先以PECVD法使鈥沉積到砂上,且在製程中於砂表 面和鈸薄膜之間形成-層石夕化鈇。欽沉積後,用氣或氮氣 退火提供經氮化珍化鈥之上層。最後,再次於同一反應室 中藉熱CVD法沉積氮化鈦層。 在將氮化鈦沉積到經氮化鈦薄膜或經氮化矽化鈦薄膜 後,沉積低電阻率金屬填充層,如銅、銘或鶴。然而,該 最後沉積-般需要使用賤射沉積技術之單獨室。可將㈣
濺射沉積室用於該方面。濺射沉積方法為熟讀此藝者所熟 悉D —在本發明的某些具體實㈣中’當將氮化鈇薄膜沉積到 經氮化之鈥薄膜或經氮化之硬化鈥薄膜 兩步驟沉積。在姆驟令,欽係在四氣化欽貧化條 沉積’例如,四氣化欽流速約為8咖,氨流速約為8〇 seem,作為稀釋劑之氮氣約為丨升/分鐘,壓力約!托。經 沉積(例如)約5〇至5〇〇A氮化鈦薄層後,將四氣化鈦之= 速加太到飽和狀態,例如約3〇 sccm ’而氨和氮氣流速較 佳保持接近恆定。使氮化鈦沉積至所需厚度。 在鈦沉積、氮化及氮化鈦沉積期間,TiN(clx)薄膜沉積 到熱内室表面,如噴淋頭、絕緣體以及晶圓外側之基座表 面上。頃發現,在單室中用恆定製程參數進行積合製程, 能夠在無需清潔該反應器下處理數百塊晶圓。在處理數百 或T千左右晶圓後,可周期性就地清潔該反應器,而很少 經常濕洗。濕洗或就地清潔該處理室後,必須在繼續處理 製造晶圓前預塗該内室表面。在先前方法中使用兩個室, 15· 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS〉A4規格(2〗〇 X 297公釐 *--! M.---------訂--------- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 463242 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(13 ) 應用兩種不同預塗處理方法。對於鈦沉積室,預塗方法方 包括PECVD鈦,隨後經氨退火用約3800人Ti(N)塗覆該内室 表面。對於TiN沉積室,該預塗方法包括CVD TiN,以約 5000A TiN塗覆該内室表面。由於兩種預塗方法在内室表 面得到基本相同的薄膜,所以可用其中任何一種預塗方法 預塗本發明單室處理所用之内室表面。可以相信,室之預 塗及條件最佳闡述於申請中美國專利案序列號第 09/063;196號,該申請案歸檔於1998年4月20日,其標題 為”鈍化及穩定Ti-PECVD製造室之方法,以及結合Ti-PECVD/TiN-CVD之處理方法及裝置(Method of Passivating and Stabilizing a Ti-PECVD Process Chamber and Combined Ti-PECVD/TiN-CVD Processing Method and Apparatus),其 内容以參考之方式併於本文,隨後進行熱CVD氮化鈦預塗 處理。 雖然為最佳處理積體及減少清潔頻率,本發明之較佳具 體實施例在整個單室Ti/ TiN沉積中包括保持恆定基片溫 度、喷淋頭溫度及壓力,但本發明之特徵為用PECVD Ti、電漿氮化及隨後熱CVD TiN完成單室積合Ti/ TiN製 程。在此等方法中,熱CVD TiN期間可用約150°C至約250 °C級別之較低喷淋頭溫度,儘管由於PECVD-Ti沉積之薄膜 在低噴淋頭溫度時附著不良,必須經常清潔内室表面。因 此,使用與PECVD Ti相同之較高噴淋溫度較為有利,以 避免經常清潔。 雖然本發明藉其具體實施例說明,雖然對該具體實施例 -16- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNSM4規格(210 X 297公爱) ------------:裝—— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) VSJ·. 4 6 3 2^2 A7 _______B7 五、發明說明(14 ) 描述相當詳盡,但未打算以此類細節約束或以任何方式限 制申請專利之範圍。其它優勢及改良對熟諳此藝者極爲明 顯。因此,本發明在其較寬方面不受具體細節、代表性裝 置和方法以及所示及描述之圖解實例限制。所以,可在不 離開申請者一般發明概念之範圍或主旨内離開此類細節。 ---------:裝--------訂· {靖先閲讚背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局貝工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用乍國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱)
Claims (1)
- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 46324 2 as ___s_ 六、申請專利範圍 ι· 一種在單室中使包括鈦和氮化鈦薄膜之疊層沉積至晶圓 表面之方法,其包括以下步驟: 將具晶圓表面之基片以相隔於喷淋頭關係置入反廡 室; 在室中藉由在室内形成氣體混合物之第一電漿使欽薄 膜沉積至晶圓表面上,且該氣體混合物包括齒化鈦和氨 氣; 在室内藉由產生氣體之第二電漿將經沉積之鈦薄膜氣 化’該氣體選自氨'氮氣及其混合物组成者;及 在室内藉由熱CVD製程及使用包含鹵化鈦及氮源氣體 之氣體混合物,使氮化鈦薄膜沉積到經氮化之沉積鈦薄 膜上。 2.根據申請專利範圍第丄項之方法,其中該沉積鈦薄膜之 步驟係在至少約500°C溫度之晶圓表面進行。 3_根據申請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中該沉積鈦薄膜之 步驟係在約550°C至約700Ό溫度之晶圓表母進行。 4. 根據申請專利範圍第2項之方法’其中該沉積鈦薄膜之 步驟係在至少約580°C溫度之晶圓表面進行。 5. 根據申請專利範園第!項之方法,其中該氮化經沉積鈦 薄膜之步驟係在至少約500χ:溫度之晶固表面進行。 6. 根據中請專利範圍第2項之方法,其中該氮化經沉積欽 薄膜之步驟係在與沉積該鈦薄膜步驟相同之溫度之曰圓 表面進行。 7. 根據中請專利範圍第6項之方法,其中該沉積氮化欽薄 -18- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 297公爱) (請先閱璜背面之注意事項再填寫表頁) 裝------ 11111 — - ^63242 8 098 a^cd 經濟部智慧財產局員Η消費合作社印製 六、申請專利範圍 膜^步騾係用在沉積鈦薄膜及氮化經沉積鈦薄膜步騾相 同之溫度之晶圓表面進行。 8.根據申請專利範圍第丨項之方法,其中該沉積氮化鈦薄 膜之步騾係在至少約58〇t溫度之晶圓表面進行。 9·根據申請專利範圍第丨項之方法,其中該沉積鈦薄膜、 氮化經沉積鈦薄膜及沉積氮化鈦薄膜之步騾係在至少約 580°C之大體恆定溫度之晶片表面進行。 10. 根據申請專利範園第t項之方法,其中該室於沉積鈦薄 膜之步騾期間具有約1托(torr)至約1〇托之内部壓力。 11. 根據申請專利範圍第丨項之方法,其中該室於沉積氮化 欽薄膜之步騾期間具有約0.2托至約20托之内部壓力。 12. 根據申請專利範圍第丨項之方法,其中該室於沉積鈦薄 膜、氮化經沉積鈦薄膜及沉積氮化鈦薄膜之步癀期間具 有約1托至約1 0托之大體恆定内部壓方。 13 ’根據申請專利範圍第1 2項之方法,其申該伍定内部壓 力約為5托》 14. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該沉積鈦薄膜之 步驟係在约425°C至約70(TC溫度之噴淋頭進行。 15. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該氮化經沉積飲 薄膜之步騾係在約425°C至約700°C溫度之噴淋頭進行^ Μ.根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該沉積氮化鈦薄 膜之步驟係在約425°C至約700°C溫度之喷淋頭進行。 17.根據申請專利範園第1項之方法,其中該沉積鈦薄膜、 氮化經沉積鈦薄膜及沉積氮化鈦薄膜之步驟係在約425 -1 9- 尺度朝巾國國家標準(CNSM4規格(210 X 297公釐) ------ C請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本 裝 訂 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4 6 3 2 4 2 A8 BS C8 D8 六、申請專利範圍 t:和約70CTC間之太體伍定溫度之噴琳頭進行。 18. 根據中請專利範園第Θ之方法,其中該喷淋頭為金 屬,該沉積鈇薄膜、氮化經沉積欽薄膜及沉積氮化致薄 膜之步驟係在約42rc和約500t間邊定溫度之喷淋 頭進行- 19. 根據中請專利範圍第Η之方法,丨進—步包括在整個 於室内沉積輯膜、氮化經沉積欽薄膜以及在經氮化之 經沉積飲薄膜上沉積氮化欽薄膜期間,該晶圓表面保持 在大體恆定溫度,該室内總氣體壓力保持在大體恆定壓 力,且該噴淋頭溫度保持大體恆定溫度。 20. 根據申請專利範圍第丨項之方法,其進一步包括在整個 於室内沉積鈥薄膜'氮化經沉積&薄膜以及在經氮化之 經沉積鈦薄膜上沉積氮化鈦薄膜期間,該晶圓表面保持 在至少約580。(:之大體怪定溫度,該室内總氣體壓力保 持在約1托和約10托間之大體恆定壓力,該噴淋頭溫度 保持在約425°C和約500°c間之大體恆定溫度。 21. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其進—步包括在清潔 該室表面後用T i N預塗至少一次内室表面之初始步騾/ 22. 根據申請專利範圍第!項之方法,其中該沉積氮化鈦薄 膜工步驟包括,在四氣化鈦貧化條件下第一熱CVD沉積 第一厚度氮化鈦’在四氯化鈦飽和條件下第二熱CvD沉 積最終厚度氮化鈦。 23. 根據申請專利範圍第i項之方法,其中該晶圓表面為 矽,且進一步包括在沉積鈦薄膜之步驟期間介於矽晶圓 -20- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 * 297公釐) - — — I1III — 1I- i , I I I —---訂· —丨 — ι!·^β (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁> 463242 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A8 B8 C8 D8六、申請專利範圍 表面和經沉積鈦薄膜之間形成矽化鈦層。 24. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該第一及第二電 衆係於晶圓表面之25毫米範圍内產生。 25. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該沉積鈦薄膜、 氮化經沉積之鈦薄膜及沉積氮化鈦之步騾係在約l50°c 至約2 5 0 eC間溫度之喷淋頭進行 26. 根據申請專利範圍第1項之方法,其中該南化鈦為四氯 化鈦。 27· —種在單室中使包括鈦及氮化鈦薄膜之疊層沉積到基片 表面上之方法,其包括: 將具表面之基片以相隔於喷淋頭關係置入反應室; 在該室中藉由電漿增強化學氣相沉積法使鈦薄膜沉積 至該表面上;隨後 在該室中藉由氣體之電漿氮化經沉積之鈦薄膜,該氣 體選自由氨和氮或氨和氮之混合物組成之群;隨後 在該室中藉由熱CVD方法使氮化鈦薄膜沉積於經氮化 之經沉積鈦薄膜上;及 在遠鱼 >儿積跃薄膜、氮化經沉積之鼓薄膜以及於經氮 化之經沉積鈦薄膜上沉積氮化鈦薄膜期間,該表面保持 在至少約580°C之大體恆定溫度’該室内總氣體壓力保 持在約1托和約1 0托間之大體怪定壓力,該喷淋頭保持 在至少約425°C之大體恆定溫度。 28.根據申請專利範圍第2 7項之方法,其中該喷淋頭為金 屬,且保持在約425°C和約500°C間之大體值定溫度。 -21- f請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) *裝---- 訂---------綠- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21〇 x 297公釐) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4 6 324 2 B8 _ D8 六、申請專利範圍 29.根據申請專利範圍第2 7項之方法,其中該噴淋頭溫度係 保持於約500Ό和約700°C間之大體恆定溫度,且其中該 喷淋頭包食在高於約500°C抗腐蝕之表面材料。 30-根據申請專利範圍第2 7項之方法,其中將氮化鈦薄膜於 該室沉積至經氮化之經沉積致薄膜上,其包括: 在初始步驟由熱CVD法於鹵化鈦貧化狀態沉積氮化 鈇’且該,卣化欽以第一流速流動’其中該自化妖係用含 氮氣體之氣流稀釋;及 經初始步驟沉積氮化鈦後,增加自化鈦流速至飽和狀 態流速’由之於第二步驟使氮化鈦沉積於經初始步驟沉 積之氮化飲上= 31··根據申諳專利範圍第2 7項之方法,其中將氮化鈦薄膜於 該室沉積至經氮化之經沉積鈦薄膜上,其包括: 在初始步驟以四氣化鈦貧化CVD方法沉積氮化鈦薄 膜,且四氣化鈦以約8 seem流速流動,氨以約80 seem流 速流動,氮氣作爲稀釋劑以1升/分鐘流速流動,壓力約 爲5托,由之形成約1〇〇至500埃厚度之TiN層;隨後 將四氣化鈦流速增加至約30 seem之飽和狀態流速,氨 和氮之流速保持恆定,由之在該薄層上形成另一層 TiN。 32.根據申請專利範圍第27項之方法,其中該Ti之PECVD包 括在該室内形成氣態混合物之第一電漿,且該氣態混合 物包括鹵化鈦及氫氣,其中該第一電漿係於該基片表面 之25毫米範圍内產生。 -22- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ------------ — ----II 訂--------鱗 Γ清先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A8 B8 C8 Ό8 463242 六、申請專利範圍 3)·根據申蜻專利範圍第2 7項之方法,其中該氮化期間之 電漿係於經沉積鈦薄膜之25毫米範圍内產生。 34. 根據中請專利範園第27項之方法,其中該基片表面之 溫度不大於7〇〇°c。 35. 根據申請專利範圍第27項之方法,其進一步包括在清 潔該室表面後用™預塗至少一次内室表面之相始: 驟。 36. 根據申請專利範圍第27項之方法, .,且其進-步包括在沉積欽薄膜期間於該基砂 和该經沉積鈦薄膜間形成一層矽化鈦。 ---.---------贏--------訂i f請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 結 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -23· 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐〉
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US5416045A (en) | 1993-02-18 | 1995-05-16 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Method for chemical vapor depositing a titanium nitride layer on a semiconductor wafer and method of annealing tin films |
JPH06349774A (ja) * | 1993-06-08 | 1994-12-22 | Sony Corp | 埋込みプラグの形成方法 |
WO1995034092A1 (en) * | 1994-06-03 | 1995-12-14 | Materials Research Corporation | A method of nitridization of titanium thin films |
US5975912A (en) | 1994-06-03 | 1999-11-02 | Materials Research Corporation | Low temperature plasma-enhanced formation of integrated circuits |
JPH10508656A (ja) * | 1994-10-11 | 1998-08-25 | ゲレスト インコーポレーテツド | コンフオーマルなチタン系フイルムおよびその製造方法 |
JP3050152B2 (ja) * | 1997-01-23 | 2000-06-12 | 日本電気株式会社 | 半導体装置の製造方法 |
US5926737A (en) * | 1997-08-19 | 1999-07-20 | Tokyo Electron Limited | Use of TiCl4 etchback process during integrated CVD-Ti/TiN wafer processing |
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2000
- 2000-04-19 CN CNB00800630XA patent/CN1187795C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-04-19 EP EP00926143A patent/EP1090417A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2000-04-19 WO PCT/US2000/010552 patent/WO2000063959A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2000-04-19 JP JP2000612993A patent/JP3782938B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2000-04-19 KR KR10-2000-7014441A patent/KR100428521B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-20 TW TW089107467A patent/TW463242B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2000-04-21 US US09/553,833 patent/US6274496B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1187795C (zh) | 2005-02-02 |
CN1304549A (zh) | 2001-07-18 |
KR100428521B1 (ko) | 2004-04-29 |
KR20010053027A (ko) | 2001-06-25 |
JP3782938B2 (ja) | 2006-06-07 |
JP2002542399A (ja) | 2002-12-10 |
EP1090417A1 (en) | 2001-04-11 |
US6274496B1 (en) | 2001-08-14 |
WO2000063959A1 (en) | 2000-10-26 |
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