TW201700667A - 封裝膜 - Google Patents
封裝膜 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW201700667A TW201700667A TW105103981A TW105103981A TW201700667A TW 201700667 A TW201700667 A TW 201700667A TW 105103981 A TW105103981 A TW 105103981A TW 105103981 A TW105103981 A TW 105103981A TW 201700667 A TW201700667 A TW 201700667A
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- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- sensitive adhesive
- pressure
- layer
- group
- Prior art date
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- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 163
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 52
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 48
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 41
- VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Butene Chemical compound CCC=C VXNZUUAINFGPBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butene Natural products CC=CC IAQRGUVFOMOMEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 20
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000304 alkynyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 8
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical group CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000006165 cyclic alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000001118 alkylidene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052770 Uranium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002009 alkene group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 19
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 16
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 13
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 10
- -1 methacryloyl Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 9
- KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWVGIHKZDCUPEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229920005549 butyl rubber Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000002576 ketones Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003760 tallow Substances 0.000 description 5
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium oxide Chemical compound [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000013032 Hydrocarbon resin Substances 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoin Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 ISAOCJYIOMOJEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 4
- GHLKSLMMWAKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1,12-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCCCO GHLKSLMMWAKNBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920006270 hydrocarbon resin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Ba+2] OYLGJCQECKOTOL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000012754 barrier agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001993 dienes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 3
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BYCNMZYQCQZYLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BYCNMZYQCQZYLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NJWGQARXZDRHCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylanthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 NJWGQARXZDRHCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JTHZUSWLNCPZLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-fluoro-3-methyl-2h-indazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=C2C(C)=NNC2=C1 JTHZUSWLNCPZLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LVGFPWDANALGOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methylnonyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C LVGFPWDANALGOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chlorate Chemical compound [O-]Cl(=O)=O XTEGARKTQYYJKE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002367 Polyisobutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 244000028419 Styrax benzoin Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000000126 Styrax benzoin Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 235000008411 Sumatra benzointree Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane triacrylate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OCC(CC)(COC(=O)C=C)COC(=O)C=C DAKWPKUUDNSNPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N adamantane Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC1CC2C3 ORILYTVJVMAKLC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ba+2] WDIHJSXYQDMJHN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001626 barium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229960002130 benzoin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LKFAPHHHWRMPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-ol prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCO.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C LKFAPHHHWRMPGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008393 encapsulating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000019382 gum benzoic Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OTLDLKLSNZMTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octahydro-1h-4,7-methanoindene-1,5-diyldimethanol Chemical compound C1C2C3C(CO)CCC3C1C(CO)C2 OTLDLKLSNZMTTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001083 polybutene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000005546 reactive sputtering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 2
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RLUFBDIRFJGKLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,3-dichlorophenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC(C(=O)C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1Cl RLUFBDIRFJGKLY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XKSUVRWJZCEYQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-dimethoxyethylbenzene Chemical compound COC(C)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 XKSUVRWJZCEYQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSAHTMIQULFMRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-diphenyl-2-propan-2-yloxyethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC(C)C)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 MSAHTMIQULFMRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940058015 1,3-butylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000012956 1-hydroxycyclohexylphenyl-ketone Substances 0.000 description 1
- STFXXRRQKFUYEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C STFXXRRQKFUYEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 1755-01-7 Chemical class C1[C@H]2[C@@H]3CC=C[C@@H]3[C@@H]1C=C2 HECLRDQVFMWTQS-RGOKHQFPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GIMQKKFOOYOQGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-diethoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCC)(OCC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GIMQKKFOOYOQGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GQVQBSDRWPKXDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylbutane;2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical class CCC(C)(C)C.OCC(C)(C)CO GQVQBSDRWPKXDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTJPUDCSZVCXFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diethylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(CC)=CC(CC)=C3SC2=C1 BTJPUDCSZVCXFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCHAFMWSFCONOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C)=CC(C)=C3SC2=C1 LCHAFMWSFCONOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FTALTLPZDVFJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOC(=O)C=C FTALTLPZDVFJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMLWXYJZDNNBTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)-1-phenylethanone Chemical compound CN(C)CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 UMLWXYJZDNNBTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOGPDSATLSAZEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoanthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(N)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 XOGPDSATLSAZEK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- COORVRSSRBIIFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxyethoxy)ethoxy]-1-methoxyethanol;prop-2-enoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C=C.COC(O)COCCOCCO COORVRSSRBIIFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DZZAHLOABNWIFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCCCC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 DZZAHLOABNWIFA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCDADJXRUCOCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorothioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(Cl)=CC=C3SC2=C1 ZCDADJXRUCOCJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KMNCBSZOIQAUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OCC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KMNCBSZOIQAUFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJEBAWHUJDUKQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylanthraquinone Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(CC)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 SJEBAWHUJDUKQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJQMXVDKXSQCDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(CC)=CC=C3SC2=C1 YJQMXVDKXSQCDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQZJOQXSCSZQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxy-1,2-diphenylethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(OC)C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 BQZJOQXSCSZQPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MYISVPVWAQRUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylthioxanthen-9-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C)=CC=C3SC2=C1 MYISVPVWAQRUTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YTPSFXZMJKMUJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-tert-butylanthracene-9,10-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(C(C)(C)C)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 YTPSFXZMJKMUJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CXMYWOCYTPKBPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(3-hydroxypropylamino)propan-1-ol Chemical compound OCCCNCCCO CXMYWOCYTPKBPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-methylheptyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCOC(=O)C=C DXPPIEDUBFUSEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CUXGDKOCSSIRKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7-methyloctyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCOC(=O)C=C CUXGDKOCSSIRKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical group C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aziridine Chemical compound C1CN1 NOWKCMXCCJGMRR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTDMWMPBKDISTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(C=C)(=O)OCCOCCOCC.C(C=C)(=O)OCCOCCOCC Chemical compound C(C=C)(=O)OCCOCCOCC.C(C=C)(=O)OCCOCCOCC UTDMWMPBKDISTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910020366 ClO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001030 Iron–nickel alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isobutene Chemical group CC(C)=C VQTUBCCKSQIDNK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004056 anthraquinones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SGUXGJPBTNFBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium iodide Chemical compound [I-].[I-].[Ba+2] SGUXGJPBTNFBAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzophenone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RWCCWEUUXYIKHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- MQDJYUACMFCOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[2-(1-hydroxycyclohexyl)phenyl]methanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C2(O)CCCCC2)C=1C1(O)CCCCC1 MQDJYUACMFCOFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QDVNNDYBCWZVTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[4-(ethylamino)phenyl]methanone Chemical compound C1=CC(NCC)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(NCC)C=C1 QDVNNDYBCWZVTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium iodide Chemical compound [Mg+2].[I-].[I-] BLQJIBCZHWBKSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- LYXOWKPVTCPORE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl-(4-phenylphenyl)methanone Chemical compound C=1C=C(C=2C=CC=CC=2)C=CC=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LYXOWKPVTCPORE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000286 phenylethyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004344 phenylpropyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphorus pentoxide Inorganic materials O1P(O2)(=O)OP3(=O)OP1(=O)OP2(=O)O3 DLYUQMMRRRQYAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003505 terpenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 3-aminoazetidine-1-carboxylate;hydrochloride Chemical compound Cl.CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N1CC(N)C1 RBTVSNLYYIMMKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
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- HDUMBHAAKGUHAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J titanium(4+);disulfate Chemical compound [Ti+4].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O HDUMBHAAKGUHAR-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
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- 238000001771 vacuum deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- ZOYIPGHJSALYPY-UHFFFAOYSA-K vanadium(iii) bromide Chemical compound [V+3].[Br-].[Br-].[Br-] ZOYIPGHJSALYPY-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/84—Passivation; Containers; Encapsulations
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
- B32B15/085—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
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- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
- B32B37/12—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by using adhesives
- B32B37/1207—Heat-activated adhesive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having four or more carbon atoms
- C08F255/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having four or more carbon atoms on to butene polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters
- C08K5/101—Esters; Ether-esters of monocarboxylic acids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J123/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J123/02—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C09J123/18—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms
- C09J123/20—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons having four or more carbon atoms having four to nine carbon atoms
- C09J123/22—Copolymers of isobutene; Butyl rubber ; Homo- or copolymers of other iso-olefines
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J133/00—Adhesives based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J133/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters
- C09J133/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of esters containing only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen, the oxygen atom being present only as part of the carboxyl radical
- C09J133/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of acrylic acid esters
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
提供封裝膜、包含彼之有機電子裝置、以及製造有機電子裝置的方法。因此,提供壓敏性黏著劑組成物,其可形成能有效阻隔濕氣或水由外部進入有機電子裝置、且在面板製程中具有極佳的加工性與極佳的高溫和高濕度條件下之熱保留(heat retention)的結構。
Description
本申請案請求2015年2月4日向韓國智慧局申請之韓國專利申請案第2015-0017620號的權益,其揭示內容已整體以引用方式併入本文。
本案係關於封裝膜、包含彼之有機電子裝置(OED)、以及使用彼製造OED的方法。
OED係包含其中利用電洞及電子作電荷交替之有機材料層的裝置,且OED可為例如光電裝置、整流器、發射器、或有機發光二極體(OLED)。
OED之中,OLED相較於常用光源係具有較低耗電及較高反應速度,且有利於較薄的顯示裝置或照明。此OLED亦具有極佳的空間利用性(space applicability),且有望在包括所有種類之可攜式裝置、螢幕、筆記型電腦及TV的各種領域中應用。
OLED之商業化與擴展用途的最主要問題為耐久性(durability)。OLED所含之有機材料和金屬電極很容易因外在因素如濕氣而氧化。於是,含有OLED之產品對環境因素非常敏感。因此,已提出各種用以有效避免氧或濕氣從外部透入OED如OLED的方法。
在專利文獻1中,揭示黏著劑包封組成物膜和有機電發光元件(organic electroluminescent element),該組成物為聚異丁烯(PIB)系壓敏性黏著劑,但其加工性低且在高溫和高濕度條件下可靠性低。此外,在層合大尺寸扁平面板(large-scale flat panel)的製程中,氣泡被封在面板之間,因而會無法獲得均勻的層合性質(laminating property)。
因此,需要研發能確保OED所需壽命、有效避免濕氣透入OED、維持高溫和高濕度條件下之可靠性、以及具有極佳層合性質(其為面板製程期間所需的特性之一)的封裝劑(encapsulant)。
(專利文獻1)韓國未審專利申請公開案第2008-0088606號
本案提供封裝膜,其可形成能有效阻隔濕氣或氧由外
在進入OED、在面板製程期間具有極佳加工性且在高溫和高濕度條件下有極佳熱保留(heat retention)的結構。
下文中將參照所附圖式更詳細描述本案之例示性具體實例。此外,為了闡釋本案,將省略對已知的一般功能或配置的詳細描述。另外,所附圖式係以圖示提供以有助本案之瞭解。為更清楚闡釋本案,將省略與闡釋無關之部分、將厚度擴大以能清楚表示數個層與區域。本案之範疇並不受限於圖式所示之厚度、尺寸、及比例。
本案係關於封裝膜。該封裝膜可用於封裝(encapsulate)或包封(capsulate)OED例如OLED。
本文使用之用語"有機電子裝置(OED)"係具有在彼此面對之電極對之間包含利用電洞及電子作電荷交替的有機材料層之結構的產品或裝置,OED的實例可包括,但本案並不限於:光電裝置(photovoltaic device)、整流器(rectifier)、發射器(transmitter)及OLED。於本案之一例示性具體實例中,OED可為OLED。
本案之封裝膜可封OED之有機電子元件的整個表面以保護元件免於濕氣或氧。此封裝膜可包括金屬層以及壓敏性黏著層(pressure-sensitive adhesive layer)。壓敏性黏著層可包含以通用方程式1計算之彈性部分(elastic portion)為30至80%的第一層,以及以通用方程式1計算之彈性部分(elastic portion)為8至40%的第二層。
[通用方程式1]Ep(單位:%)=100×σ2/σ1
通用方程式1中,σ1是藉由在進階流變擴展系統(advanced rheometric expansion system)(ARES)之應力鬆弛測試模式(stress relaxation test mode)中利用直徑為8mm之平行板(parallel plate)於85℃施加為約200gf的正向力(normal force)而對膜施以30%應變時測得之最大應力值(maximum stress value)(壓敏性黏著層形成之厚度為600μm),而σ2是在應變(strain)施於膜維持180秒的狀態後所測得之應力值。詳言之,壓敏性黏著層先形成為厚度600μm,以及使用進階流變擴展系統(ARES)之應力鬆弛測試模式。此處,為約200gf的正向力(normal force)係於85℃利用直徑為8mm之平行板(parallel plate)來施加。σ1是對膜施以30%應變時測得之最大應力值,而σ2是在應變(strain)施於膜維持180秒的狀態後所測得之應力值。
如前所述,封裝膜可用於封裝(encapsulate)或包封(capsulate)OED例如OLED。展現該值(Ep)範圍之封裝膜可形成封裝或包封結構,其具有極佳的耐久性(durability)而不會在用於封裝或包封製程時於高溫耐久性(durability)測試條件下產生氣泡。於一例示性具體實例中,封裝膜可用於(如後文所述)形成封裝或包封結構,覆蓋OED之元件的頂面與側面。
用語“進階流變擴展系統(advanced rheometric expansion system)(ARES)”是評估材料的黏彈性質(viscoelastic property)如黏度(viscosity)、剪切模數(shear modulus)、損耗因數(loss factor)、及儲存模數(storage modulus)的流變儀(rheometer)。此儀器係機械性量測裝置,其可於樣本實施動態(dynamic state)及常態(normal state)並量測樣本能耐受上述所施應力之範圍的轉移矩(transfer torque)。
於一例示性具體實例中,本案之封裝膜可直接貼附至壓敏性黏著層之第一層上的金屬層。本文使用之用語“直接貼附”可指並沒有層係在兩層之間。再者,第二層可貼附至其上形成有元件之基板以完封該元件。亦即,第二層可直接貼附至基板。
於一例示性具體實例中,例示封裝膜之第一層的以上述通用方程式1計算之值Ep可為30至80%、30至75%或30至70%。再者,第二層的以上述通用方程式1計算之值Ep可為8至40%、10至40%或20至40%。本案中,第一層之黏著劑耐久性(durability)及可靠性(reliability)可藉由控制Ep值在上述範圍內(慮及第一層係直接貼附於金屬層)而極佳地維持。再者,本案中,基板與第二層之封裝膜間的層合品質(lamination quality)可藉由控制Ep在上述範圍內而達成。根據本案之第一層的彈性部分(elastic portion)的值可與第二層之彈性部分(elastic portion)的值相同或更高,但本案並不限於此。
於本案之一例示性具體實例中,根據ASTM D2979測定之第一層的探棒黏力(probe tack force)可於50至500gf的範圍內,具言之,第一層之探棒黏力可為60至450gf或70至400gf。再者,根據ASTM D2979測定之第二層的探棒黏力可於3至100gf的範圍內,具言之,第二層之探棒黏力可為3至90gf。
於本案之一例示性具體實例中,壓敏性黏著層可符合通用方程式2。
通用方程式2中,d為藉由形成厚度為50μm之壓敏性黏著層於金屬基底之一表面上所製備的樣品以1cm x 1cm的黏著面積(adhesive area)貼附至玻璃、且於85℃將500g重量以重力方向加載於金屬基底1小時,壓敏性黏著層潛變回縮(creep behind)之距離。於上述量測中,貼附至玻璃的層可為第一層或第二層,但不限於此。此處,金屬基底(metal base)可由銅、鋁、鎳、銦鋼(invar)或不鏽鋼(SUS)形成。詳言之,包含壓敏性黏著層和金屬基底之層合物(laminate)樣本的壓敏性黏著層可以1cm×1cm的面積貼附至玻璃,可將重量如上所述而加載至該金屬基底。壓敏性黏著層的潛變距離(creeping distance)可以金屬基底移動之距離來測定。於通用方程式2中,d可為1mm或
更小,例如,990μm或更小、950μm或更小、800μm或更小、700μm或更小、600μm或更小、或400μm或更小。
構成壓敏性黏著層之壓敏性黏著劑組成物可包含由丁烯(butylene)衍生之聚合物,且另包含符合式1之化合物。式1化合物可包含單官能丙烯酸酯(monofunctional acrylate)。構成第一層和第二層的壓敏性黏著劑組成物可彼此相同或相異,下文所述之用於壓敏性黏著層的組成物可用於製造第一層和第二層兩者。
本案之例示性具體實例中,壓敏性黏著劑組成物可包含由丁烯衍生之聚合物以及符合式1之化合物。
式1中,T可為直鏈或支鏈烷基、烯基或炔基。烷基、烯基或炔基可具有具6至30、7至25、8至23、9至20、10至19、6至17或6至11個碳原子的直鏈或支鏈結構。再者,T可為-U-[O-W]n-O-Q。此處,U及W係各自獨立地為伸烷基(alkylene group)或亞烷基(alkylidene group),Q為烷基、烯基、炔基或芳基。再者,n為0至10的數字,且當n為0時,U可直接連結至-O-Q。由於本案之壓敏性黏著劑組成物包含疏水性聚合物與特定式1
化合物兩者,當用於有機電子元件之封裝時,組成物可展現於面板製程期間的極佳之加工性以及於高溫和高濕度條件下的極佳之熱保留(heat retention)。
於一例示性具體實例中,組成物可包含60至95重量份的由丁烯衍生之聚合物以及5至40重量份的符合式1之化合物。於一例示性具體實例中,組成物可包含60至90重量份的由丁烯衍生之聚合物以及10至40重量份的符合式1之化合物,或者65至90重量份的由丁烯衍生之聚合物以及10至35重量份的符合式1之化合物。本案中,因為成分含量調整於上述範圍內,可實現極佳的濕氣阻隔性質及於高溫和高濕度條件下之熱保留(heat retention)。式1化合物可包括,但不特別限於:丙烯酸正辛酯(n-octyl acrylate)、丙烯酸異辛酯(iso-octyl acrylate)、丙烯酸異壬酯(iso-nonyl acrylate)、丙烯酸月桂酯(lauryl acrylate)、丙烯酸十八酯(stearyl acrylate)、丙烯酸異十八酯(isostearyl acrylate)、丙烯酸異癸酯(isodecyl acrylate)、丙烯酸2-(2-乙氧乙氧)乙酯(2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acrylate)、甲氧基三乙二醇丙烯酸酯(methoxytriethyleneglycol acrylate)、或甲氧基聚乙二醇丙烯酸酯(methoxypolyethyleneglycol acrylate)。
除非另有特別定義,本文使用之用語"烷基"可為具有1至30、1至25、1至20、1至16、1至12、1至8、或1至4個碳原子之烷基。烷基可為直鏈、支鏈、或環狀結構,且可任意地經至少一取代基取代。
再者,除非另有特別定義,本文使用之用語“烯基”或“炔基”可為具有2至20、2至16、2至12、2至8、或2至4個碳原子的烯基或炔基。烯基或炔基可為直鏈、支鏈、或環狀。再者,烯基或炔基可任意地經至少一取代基取代。
再者,除非另有特別定義,本文使用之用語"伸烷基(alkylene group)"或"亞烷基(alkylidene group)",係可為具有2至30、2至25、2至20、2至16、2至12、2至10、或2至8個碳原子之伸烷基或亞烷基。伸烷基或亞烷基可為直鏈、支鏈、或環狀。再者,伸烷基或亞烷基可任意地經至少一取代基取代。
除非另有特別定義,本文使用之用語“芳基”可為由包括其中含有苯、或者二或更多苯係縮合(condense)或偶合(couple)之結構的化合物或者其衍生物所衍生之單價基團。芳基可具有6至22、較佳6至16、更佳6至13個碳原子,且可為例如苯基(phenyl group)、苯乙基(phenylethyl group)、苯丙基(phenylpropyl group)、苄基(benzyl group)、基(tolyl group)、茬基(xylyl group)或萘基(naphthyl group)。
用語“由丁烯衍生之聚合物”可指聚合物的一或更多聚合單元係衍生自丁烯。因為由丁烯衍生之聚合物具有非常低的極性(polarity)、為透明的且幾乎不具腐蝕影響,所以用作為封裝劑(encapsulant)或包封劑(sealant)時,聚合物可展現極佳的濕氣阻隔性質與極佳的耐久性(durability)和
可靠性(reliability)。
再者,本案中,由丁烯衍生之聚合物可為丁烯單體之均聚物(homopolymer);丁烯單體與不同的可聚合單體(polymerizable monomer)共聚合(copolymerizing)所形成之共聚物;使用丁烯單體之反應性寡聚物(reactive oligomer);或彼等之混合物。本案中所衍生之聚合物涉及形成為有經聚合單體之單元的聚合物。丁烯單體可包括例如1-丁烯、2-丁烯或異丁烯(isobutylene)。
丁烯單體或可與衍生物聚合之不同單體可包括例如異戊二烯(isoprene)、苯乙烯或丁二烯。若使用共聚物,則可維持物理性質例如加工性及交聯度(crosslinking degree),因此用於OED時,可確保壓敏性黏著劑(pressure-sensitive adhesive)本身的耐熱性(thermal resistance)。
再者,使用丁烯單體之反應性寡聚物(reactive oligomer)可包括具有反應性官能基的丁烯聚合物。該寡聚物可具有重量平均分子量為500至5000。再者,丁烯聚合物可連結至具有反應性官能基之不同的聚合物。不同的聚合物可為(甲基)丙烯酸烷酯(alkyl(meth)acrylate),本案不限於此。反應性官能基可為羥基、羧基、異氰酸基(isocyanate group)或含氮基團。再者,反應性寡聚物與該不同的聚合物可藉由多官能交聯劑(multifunctional crosslinking agent)交聯,其可為選自下列所組成之群組的一或多者:異氰酸酯交聯劑(isocyanate crosslinking
agent)、環氧基交聯劑(epoxy crosslinking agent)、吖交聯劑(aziridine crosslinking agent)及金屬螯合交聯劑(metal chelate crosslinking agent)。
於一例示性具體實例中,本案之由丁烯衍生之聚合物可為二烯(diene)與包含一碳-碳雙鍵之烯烴(olefin)系化合物的共聚物。此處,該烯烴系化合物可包括丁烯,以及二烯可為能與烯烴系化合物聚合之單體,例如,異戊二烯(isoprene)或丁二烯。例如,包含碳-碳雙鍵之烯烴系化合物與二烯之共聚物可為丁基橡膠(butyl rubber)。
本案中,聚合物可具有特定之重量平均分子量(MW)以使壓敏性黏著劑組成物可成型為膜狀。例如,聚合物可具有重量平均分子量為約10,000至2,000,000、10,000至1,000,000、10,000至500,000或10,000至300,000。本案中,用語“重量平均分子量”是指以凝膠滲透層析術(gel permeation chromatography)(GPC)測得之相對於聚苯乙烯標準品(standard polystyrene)的轉換值。然而,上述重量平均分子量非必具有樹脂成分。舉例而言,即使樹脂成分的分子量不足以形成膜時,另外的黏合劑樹脂可摻入壓敏性黏著劑組成物中。用語“聚合物”及“樹脂成分”可彼此具有相同之含意。
於本案之一例示性具體實例中,壓敏性黏著層可進一步包含多官能性活化能射線可聚合化合物(multifunctional active energy ray polymerizable compound),其可藉由照射活化能射線而聚合。活化能射線可聚合化合物可符合式
2。
式2中,R1為氫或具有1至4個碳原子之烷基,n為2或以上之整數,以及X為自具有3至30個碳原子之直鏈、支鏈或環狀烷基所衍生之基團。
符合式2之活化能射線可聚合化合物特別具有與本案聚合物之極佳的相容性(compatibility),因而能滿足高溫和高濕度條件下的可靠性(reliability)。例如,活化能射線可聚合化合物,與上述之由丁烯衍生之聚合物,可實現具極佳的濕氣阻隔性質與極佳的高溫和高濕度條件下之可靠性(reliability)的壓敏性黏著劑組成物。
活化能射線可聚合化合物可指包含二或更多能藉由照射活化能射線而參與聚合反應之官能基的化合物,例如,包含乙烯類不飽和雙鍵(ethylene-like unsaturated double bond)的官能基諸如丙烯醯基(acryloyl)或甲基丙烯醯基(methacryloyl),以及諸如環氧基(epoxy group)或氧呾基(oxetane group)的官能基。
如上所述,活化能射線可聚合化合物可符合式2。
式2中,R1為氫或具有1至4個碳原子之烷基,n為2或以上之整數,以及X為由具有3至30個碳原子之直鏈、支鏈或環狀烷基所衍生之基團。此處,當X為由環狀烷基衍生之基團時,X可為由具有3至30、6至28、8至22、或12至20個碳原子之環狀烷基所衍生之基團。再者,當X為由直鏈烷基所衍生之基團時,X可為由具有3至30、6至25、或8至20個碳原子之直鏈烷基所衍生之基團。此外,當X為由支鏈烷基所衍生之基團時,X可為由具有3至30、5至25、或6至20個碳原子之支鏈烷基所衍生之基團。
本文使用之用語"由烷基所衍生之基團"可指特定化合物的基團例如烷基。於一例示性具體實例中,式2中,當n為2,X可為伸烷基。此外,當n為3或以上,二或更多氫可從X的烷基釋出,且鍵結至式2之(甲基)丙烯醯基。
可使用能藉由照射活化能射線而聚合之多官能性活化能射線可聚合化合物而無限制,只要符合式2即可。例如,該化合物可為1,4-丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(1,4-
butanediol di(meth)acrylate)、1,3-丁二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(1,3-butylene glycol di(meth)acrylate)、1,6-己二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(1,6-hexanediol di(meth)acrylate)、1,8-辛二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(1,8-octanediol di(meth)acrylate)、1,12-十二烷二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(1,12-dodecanediol di(meth)acrylate)、新戊二醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate)、二(甲基)丙烯酸二環戊酯(dicyclopentanyl di(meth)acrylate)、環己烷-1,4-二甲醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(cyclohexane-1,4-dimethanol di(meth)acrylate)、三環癸烷二甲醇二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(tricyclodecanedimethanol(meth)diacrylate)、二羥甲基二環戊烷二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(dimethylol dicyclopentane di(meth)acrylate)、經新戊二醇改質之三甲基丙烷二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(neopentyl glycol-modified trimethylpropane di(meth)acrylate)、金剛烷二(甲基)丙烯酸酯(adamantane di(meth)acrylate)、三羥甲丙烷三(甲基)丙烯酸酯(trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate)、或彼等之混合物。
作為多官能性活化能射線可聚合化合物可使用,例如,具有低於1,000之分子量且包含二或更多官能基的化合物。於此例中,分子量可指重量平均分子量或慣用(conventional)分子量。多官能性活化能射線可聚合化合物中所含之環結構可為碳環結構(carbocyclic structure)、雜環結構、單環結構或多環結構中之任一者。
於一例示性具體實例中,組成物可包含50至90重量
份的由丁烯衍生之聚合物、5至35重量份的符合式1之化合物、及5至25重量份的式2之多官能性活化能射線可聚合化合物。於一例示性具體實例中,壓敏性黏著劑組成物可包含由丁烯衍生之聚合物、符合式1之化合物以及式2之多官能性活化能射線可聚合化合物,重量比分別為50至85重量份、5至30重量份以及10至25重量份;或者60至85重量份、10至30重量份以及2至20重量份。本案中,由於成分含量調整於上述範圍內,可實現極佳的濕氣阻隔性質以及高溫和高濕度條件下的熱保留(heat retention)。
於一例示性具體實例中,壓敏性黏著層可進一步包含增黏劑(tackifier),其較佳為氫化之環烯烴(hydrogenated cyclic olefin)系聚合物。作為增黏劑可使用,例如,藉由將石油樹脂(petroleum resin)氫化(hydrogenating)而得之氫化之石油樹脂。氫化之石油樹脂可為部分或完全氫化,或可使用此樹脂之混合物。增黏劑,可選擇具有與壓敏性黏著劑組成物之高相容性、極佳的濕氣阻隔性質、以及低含量之有機揮發性組份者。氫化之石油樹脂的具體實例可使用氫化之萜烯(terpene)系樹脂、氫化之酯系樹脂、或氫化之二環戊二烯(dicyclopentadiene)系樹脂。增黏劑之重量平均分子量可為約200至5,000。可依所需適當調整增黏劑之含量。舉例而言,可考量與聚合物之相容性而選擇增黏劑之含量,根據一實例,增黏劑之含量,以100重量份之聚合物為基準計,可為5至100重量份、8至95重量
份、10至93重量份或15至90重量份。
於本案之一例示性具體實例中,壓敏性黏著層可進一步包含可引發上述活化能射線可聚合化合物之聚合反應的自由基起始劑(radical initiator)。自由基起始劑可為光起始劑(photoinitiator)或熱起始劑(thermal initiator)。可考量固化速率和黃化可能性(yellowing probability)而適當選擇特定種類的光起始劑。舉例來說,可使用苯偶姻(benzoin)類、羥基酮(hydroxyketone)類、胺基酮(aminoketone)類或膦氧化物(phosphine oxide)類之光起始劑,具言之,可使用苯偶姻(benzoin)、苯偶姻甲醚(benzoin methylether)、苯偶姻乙醚(benzoin ethylether)、苯偶姻異丙醚(benzoin isopropylether)、苯偶姻正丁醚(benzoin n-butylether)、苯偶姻異丁醚(benzoin isobutylether)、苯乙酮(acetophenone)、二甲胺基苯乙酮(dimethylamino acetophenone)、2,2-二甲氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮(2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone)、2,2-二乙氧基-2-苯基苯乙酮(2,2-diethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone)、2-羥基-2-甲基-1-苯基丙-1-酮(2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-phenylpropane-1-one)、1-羥基環己基苯基酮(1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenylketone)、2-甲基-1-[4-(甲硫基)苯基]-2-N-啉基-丙-1-酮(2-methyl-1-[4-(methylthio)phenyl]-2-morpholino-propane-1-one)、4-(2-羥基乙氧基)苯基-2-(羥基-2-丙基)酮(4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl-2-(hydroxy-2-propyl)ketone)、二苯基酮(benzophenone)、對-苯基二苯基酮(p-
phenylbenzophenone)、4,4’-二乙胺基二苯基酮(4,4'-diethylaminobenzophenone)、二氯二苯基酮(dichlorobenzophenone)、2-甲基蒽醌(2-methylanthraquinone)、2-乙基蒽醌(2-ethylanthraquinone)、2-三級丁基蒽醌(2-t-butylanthraquinone)、2-胺基蒽醌(2-aminoanthraquinone)、2-甲基硫代酮(2-methylthioxanthone)、2-乙基硫代酮(2-ethylthioxanthone)、2-氯硫代酮(2-chlorothioxanthone)、2,4-二甲基硫代酮(2,4-dimethylthioxanthone)、2,4-二乙基硫代酮(2,4-diethylthioxanthone)、苄基二甲縮酮(benzyldimethylketal)、乙醯苯二甲縮酮(acetophenone dimethylketal)、對-二甲胺基苯甲酸酯(p-dimethylamino benzoic acid ester)、寡聚[2-羥基-2-甲基-1-[4-(1-甲基乙烯基)苯基]丙酮](oligo[2-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-[4-(1-methylvinyl)phenyl]propanone])、或2,4,6-三甲基苄醯基-二苯基-氧化膦(2,4,6-trimethylbenzoyl-diphenyl-phosphineoxide)。
自由基起始劑之含量,相對於100重量份之活化能射線可聚合化合物,可為0.2至20重量份、0.5至18重量份、1至15重量份、或2至13重量份。因此,可有效地引發活化能射線可聚合化合物之反應,且可避免壓敏性黏著劑組成物之物理性質因為固化後殘留的組份而劣化。
需要時,壓敏性黏著層可進一步包括濕氣吸收劑。用語“濕氣吸收劑(moisture scavenger)”可指例如能藉由與其之化學反應移除透入下文所述之封裝膜之濕氣或蒸氣的
材料。具言之,壓敏性黏著劑組成物形成膜時可用於封裝OED。
例如,濕氣吸收劑可於下文所述之壓敏性黏著劑組成物或壓敏性黏著層中存在為均勻分散狀態。此處,均勻分散狀態可指濕氣吸收劑以相同或實質相同之密度均勻存在於壓敏性黏著劑組成物或壓敏性黏著層之任何部分的狀態。作為濕氣吸收劑可使用,例如,金屬氧化物、硫酸鹽或有機金屬氧化物。具言之,作為硫酸鹽之實例可使用硫酸鎂、硫酸鈉或硫酸鎳,作為有機金屬氧化物之實例可使用氧化鋁辛酸鹽(aluminum oxide octylate)。此處,金屬氧化物之具體實例可為五氧化磷(P2O5)、氧化鋰(Li2O)、氧化鈉(Na2O)、氧化鋇(BaO)、氧化鈣(CaO)或氧化鎂(MgO),金屬鹽之實例可為硫酸鹽如硫酸鋰(Li2SO4)、硫酸鈉(Na2SO4)、硫酸鈣(CaSO4)、硫酸鎂(MgSO4)、硫酸鈷(CoSO4)、硫酸鎵(Ga2(SO4)3)、硫酸鈦(Ti(SO4)2)或硫酸鎳(NiSO4),或者金屬鹵化物諸如氯化鈣(CaCl2)、氯化鎂(MgCl2)、氯化鍶(SrCl2)、氯化釔(YCl3)、氯化銅(CuCl2)、氟化銫(CsF)、氟化鉭(TaF5)、氟化鈮(NbF5)、溴化鋰(LiBr)、溴化鈣(CaBr2)、溴化銫(CeBr3)、溴化硒(SeBr4)、溴化釩(VBr3)、溴化鎂(MgBr2)、碘化鋇(BaI2)或碘化鎂(MgI2);或金屬氯酸鹽(metal chlorate)諸如過氯酸鋇(Ba(ClO4)2)或過氯酸鎂(Mg(ClO4)2),但本案不限於此。作為可含於壓敏
性黏著劑組成物中之濕氣吸收劑可使用上述成分中之一或二或更多者。於一例示性具體實例中,當使用上述成分中之二或更多者作為濕氣吸收劑時,可使用經煅燒的白雲石(calcined dolomite)。
此濕氣吸收劑可根據用途而控制於適當尺寸。於一例示性具體實例中,濕氣吸收劑的平均粒子尺寸(average particle size)可控制於約10至15000nm。具上述尺寸範圍之濕氣吸收劑因為濕氣吸收劑與濕氣的反應速度不會那麼快而可易於儲存,且可有效地移除濕氣而不會損及欲封裝之元件。
可考量所欲的阻隔性質以適當選擇濕氣吸收劑之含量而無特別限制。
需要時,壓敏性黏著層亦可包含濕氣阻隔劑(moisture blocker)。本文使用之用語"濕氣阻隔劑"可指與濕氣不具反應性或是能避免或妨礙濕氣或蒸氣於膜中移動的材料。作為濕氣阻隔劑可使用黏土(clay)、滑石(talc)、針狀矽石(needle-like silica)、板狀矽石(plate-like silica)、多孔矽石(porous silica)、沸石(zeolite)、氧化鈦(titania)及氧化鋯(zirconia)中之一或二或更多者。再者,濕氣阻隔劑之表面可經有機改質劑(organic modifier)處理以促進有機材料透入。此有機改質劑可為例如二甲基苄基氫化之牛脂四級銨(dimethyl benzyl hydrogenated tallow quaternary ammonium)、二甲基氫化之牛脂四級銨(dimethyl hydrogenated tallow quaternary ammonium)、甲
基牛脂雙-2-羥基乙基四級銨(methyl tallow bis-2-hydroxyethyl quaternary ammonium)、二甲基氫化之牛脂2-乙基己基四級銨(dimethyl hydrogenated tallow 2-ethylhexyl quaternary ammonium)、二甲基去氫化之牛脂四級銨(dimethyl dehydrogenated tallow quaternary ammonium)、或彼等之混合物。
可考量所欲阻隔性質而適當選擇濕氣阻隔劑之含量而無特別限制。
除了上述組份以外,壓敏性黏著層可根據其用途及下文所述之封裝膜的製法而包含各種添加劑。舉例來說,壓敏性黏著劑組成物可根據所欲物理性質而包含適當含量範圍之可固化材料、交聯劑或填料。
並且,由於封裝膜係用於封裝有機電子元件,可考量對元件的損害而控制濕氣吸收劑的含量。舉例來說,與元件接觸的第二層中可使用少量或沒有濕氣吸收劑。於一例示性具體實例中,與元件接觸的第二層可包含0至20%的濕氣吸收劑(相對於封裝膜中所含之濕氣吸收劑的總量)。再者,不與元件接觸的第一層可包含80至100%的濕氣吸收劑(相對於封裝膜中所含之濕氣吸收劑的總量)。
堆疊第一層和第二層的順序並無特別限制,因此第二層可形成於第一層上,或者相反地,第一層可形成於第二層上。再者,封裝膜可形成為三或更多層。例如,可包含二或更多的第一層,或者可包含二或更多的第二層。
再者,於形成為厚度100μm,根據本案之封裝膜的壓敏性黏著層可具有水氣穿透率(water vapor transmission rate)(WVTR)為50、40、30、20或10g/m2.天或以下,其係在100℉及100%相對濕度下於膜之厚度方向量測。由於壓敏性黏著劑的組成或交聯狀態係調整以具有此WVTR,當壓敏性黏著劑用於電子裝置的封裝或包封結構時,封裝或包封結構可有效阻隔濕氣或氧自外部透入而安定地保護元件。WVTR越低,濕氣阻隔性質越佳,因此,下限可為,但未特別限於,例如0g/m2.天。
根據本案之一例示性具體實例的金屬層可為透明或不透明。可藉由沈積金屬於薄金屬箔或聚合物基底膜(polymer base film)以形成金屬層。關於金屬層,可使用具有導熱性(thermal conductivity)及濕氣阻隔性質的任何材料而無限制。金屬層可包括金屬、金屬氧化物、金屬氮化物、金屬碳化物(metal carbide)、金屬氮氧化物(metal oxynitride)、金屬硼氧化物(metal oxyboride)、及彼等之混合物中之任一者。例如,金屬層可包括二或更多金屬的合金,例如鐵-鎳合金。再者,於一例示性具體實例中,金屬層可包括金屬氧化物諸如氧化矽、氧化鋁、氧化鈦、氧化銦、氧化錫、銦錫氧化物(tin indium oxide)、氧化鉭、氧化鋯、氧化鈮或彼等之混合物。金屬層可利用電解(electrolysis)、輥軋(rolling)、加熱蒸發(heated evaporation)、電子束蒸發(electron beam evaporation)、噴濺(sputtering)、反應性噴濺(reactive sputtering)、化學氣
相沈積(chemical vapor deposition)、電漿化學氣相沈積(plasma chemical vapor deposition)或電子迴旋共振電漿源化學氣相沈積(electron cyclotron resonance plasma source chemical vapor deposition)的手段沈積。於本案之一例示性具體實例中,金屬層可藉由反應性噴濺(reactive sputtering)沈積。
較佳地,金屬層可具有導熱係數(thermal conductivity)為50W/mK或以上、60W/mK或以上、70W/mK或以上、80W/mK或以上、90W/mK或以上、100W/mK或以上、110W/mK或以上、120W/mK或以上、130W/mK或以上、140W/mK或以上、150W/mK或以上、200W/mK或以上、或250W/mK或以上。由於高導熱係數的緣故,層合該金屬層之製程中於層合界面(laminating interface)產生的熱可更快發散。再者,因為高導熱係數(thermal conductivity)的緣故,OED操作時所累積的熱可更快發散至外部,因此OED本身的溫度可維持較低,且可減少破裂與缺陷。
本文使用的用語“導熱係數(thermal conductivity)”可為藉傳導轉移熱之能力的程度,單位可為W/mK。該單位係材料於相同溫度與距離的傳熱度,且論述為熱的單位(瓦特)相對於距離單位(公尺)及溫度單位(克耳文(kelvin))。
於一實例中,本案之封裝膜的壓敏性黏著層可具有慕尼黏度(Mooney viscosity)(η*)為5000至107Pa.s,使用
直徑為8mm之平面治具(planar jig)於5%應變、1Hz頻率、及30至150℃範圍中的任一溫度點藉由剪應力(shear stress)來量測。慕尼黏度(Mooney viscosity)可藉已知方法量測,例如,ARES(TA)。黏度之範圍可為例如5,000至107Pa.s、5,000至106Pa.s或5,000至5×105Pa.s。
封裝膜可進一步包含基底膜(base film)或離型膜(release film)(後文中可能稱為“第一膜”),且具有其中壓敏性黏著劑係形成於該基底或離型膜上的結構。再者,該結構可進一步包含形成於該壓敏性黏著劑上的基底或離型膜(後文中亦可稱為“第二膜”)。
圖1及2為根據本案之例示性具體實例之封裝膜的橫截面圖。
如圖1所示,本案之封裝膜可包含壓敏性黏著層12及金屬層13,其係形成於基底膜基底膜或離型膜11上。再者,圖2出示包含第一層12a及第二層12b的壓敏性黏著層12。
可用於本案之第一膜的具體種類並無特別限制。本案中,作為第一膜可使用例如本領域中所使用之一般聚合物膜。本案中,作為基底或離型膜可使用例如聚對酞酸乙二酯(polyethyleneterephthalate)膜、聚四氟乙烯(polytetrafluoroethylene)膜、聚乙烯(polyethylene)膜、聚丙烯(polypropylene)膜、聚丁烯(polybutene)膜、聚丁二烯(polybutadiene)膜、氯乙烯共聚物膜(vinyl chloride
copolymer)、聚胺甲酸酯(polyurethane)膜、乙烯-乙酸乙烯酯(ethylene-vinyl acetate)膜、乙烯-丙烯共聚物(ethylene-propylene copolymer)膜、乙烯-丙烯酸乙酯共聚物(ethylene-acrylic acid ethyl copolymer)膜、乙烯-丙烯酸甲酯共聚物(ethylene-acrylic acid methyl copolymer)膜或聚醯亞胺(polyimide)膜。再者,可於本案之基底膜或離型膜的一或兩面上進行適當的離型處理(releasing treatment)。基底膜之離型處理使用之離型劑(releasing agent)的實例可使用醇酸(alkyde)類、矽(silicone)類、氟類、不飽和酯(unsaturated ester)類、聚烯烴(polyolefin)類或蠟(wax)類用劑,考量耐熱性,可使用醇酸系離型劑、矽系離型劑或氟系離型劑,但本案不以此為限。
本案中,基底膜或離型膜(第一膜)的厚度並無特別限制,且可依用途而適當選擇。例如,本案中,第一膜的厚度可為約10至500μm,較佳為約20至200μm。厚度小於10μm時,基底膜在製程中會易於變形,厚度大於500μm時,會降低經濟可行性(economic feasibility)。
本案之封裝膜中所包含之壓敏性黏著層的厚度並無特別限制,且可考量該膜之用途依據下列條件而適當選擇。壓敏性黏著層的厚度可為約5至200μm,較佳為約5至100μm。壓敏性黏著層的厚度小於5μm時,會無法確保足夠的黏著性質,且會加速製程中濕氣阻隔能力喪失的速度。厚度大於200μm時,難以確保加工性,曝至側表面的空間會膨脹故而濕氣阻隔性質會降低、耐熱性(thermal
resistance)會降低、且會降低經濟可行性(economic feasibility)。
本案亦關於製造封裝膜的方法。該方法可包括將壓敏性黏著層成型為膜或片狀。
於一例示性具體實例中,該方法可包括將包含構成上述壓敏性黏著層之成分的塗覆液施於為片或膜狀之基底膜或離型膜,並乾燥該所施之塗覆液。
塗覆液可藉由將上述各壓敏性黏著層之成份溶於或分散於適當溶劑而製備。於一例示性具體實例中,壓敏性黏著層之製備係可藉由將濕氣吸收劑或填料溶於或分散於溶劑中(需要時),並於研磨後使濕氣吸收劑或填料與封裝樹脂混合。
用於製備塗覆液之溶劑的種類並無特別限制。然於溶劑的乾燥時間過長或需於高溫乾燥時,在封裝膜之可加工性(workability)或耐久性上會發生問題,因此,可使用揮發溫度為為150℃或以下之溶劑。考量到膜之模製性(moldability),可將少量具上述範圍或以上之揮發溫度的溶劑混合。作為溶劑,可使用下列之一或二或更多者:甲基乙基酮(methylethylketone)(MEK)、丙酮、甲苯、二甲基甲醯胺(DMF),甲賽璐蘇(methylcellosolve)(MCS)、四氫呋喃(THF)、二甲苯以及N-甲基吡咯啶酮(N-methylpyrrolidone)(NMP),但本案不限於此。
將塗覆液施於基底膜或離型膜之方法並無特別限制,因此可為例如已知的塗覆法如刮刀塗覆(knife coating)、
輥塗(roll coating)、噴塗(spray coating)、凹版式塗覆(gravure coating)、簾塗(curtain coating)、逗號刮刀塗覆(comma coating)或唇模塗覆(lip coating)。
可乾燥所施之塗覆液、將溶劑揮發,以形成壓敏性黏著層。乾燥可於例如70至150℃進行1至10分鐘。可考量所使用之溶劑而改變乾燥條件。
堆疊第一層及第二層的方法並無特別限制。例如,可將形成於各自離型膜上的第一層及第二層層合以形成多層之封裝膜,或者第二層可直接形成於第一層上,反之亦然。
乾燥後,金屬層可形成於壓敏性黏著層上。形成金屬層的方法可為本領域已知的技術。例如,金屬層可由金屬箔形成,或者藉由沈積金屬於聚合物基底上而形成。例如,金屬層可藉由電解(electrolysis)或輥軋(rolling)而形成。
本案亦關於OED。OED可包括基板;形成於該基板上的有機電子元件;以及封裝整個表面(例如有機電子元件的所有頂面及側面)的封裝膜。封裝膜可包括含有為交聯狀態之壓敏性黏著劑組成物的壓敏性黏著層。再者,封裝膜可進一步包括形成於該壓敏性黏著層上的金屬層。
此處,有機電子元件可為例如有機發光元件(organic light emitting element)。
再者,本案關於製造OED的方法。OED可使用例如封裝膜而製造。
壓敏性黏著層可形成為在OED中展現極佳的濕氣阻隔性質、且有效固定及支撐基板及金屬層的結構。
此外,無論OED之類型為何(例如,頂射(top emission)型或底射(bottom emission)型),壓敏性黏著層可形成為安定的。
本文使用之用語“壓敏性黏著層”可為覆蓋有機電子元件之所有頂面與側面之壓敏性黏著劑。
圖3為圖示其中有機電子元件為有機發光元件之例示性OED之圖。
OED之製造可採用例如將上述封裝膜施於其上形成有機電子元件之基板以覆蓋有機電子元件的整個表面;以及固化該封裝膜。
本文使用之用語“固化(curing)”可指藉由透過加熱或UV照射使本案之壓敏性黏著劑組成物交聯以製備壓敏性黏著劑。
詳言之,有機電子元件之形成係可藉由:透過真空沉積或噴濺而於用作為基板之玻璃或聚合物膜上形成透明電極,於透明電極上形成由例如電洞傳輸層、發光層和電子傳輸層構成之發光有機材料層,以及於其上進一步形成電極層。接著,沈積封裝膜之壓敏性黏著層以覆蓋歷經上述程序的基板之有機電子元件的整個表面。
於一例示性具體實例中,如圖3所示,可沈積用於封裝OED的產品以使封裝膜之壓敏性黏著層12沈積為與OED 22和基板21接觸。再者,金屬層13可沈積於壓敏
性黏著層12上。
本案提供壓敏性黏著劑組成物,其可形成用以有效阻隔濕氣或氧由外部進入OED且具有極佳之高溫和高濕度條件下之熱保留(heat retention)的結構;以及,包含彼之封裝膜。
11‧‧‧基底膜或離型膜
12‧‧‧壓敏性黏著層
12a‧‧‧第一層
12b‧‧‧第二層
13‧‧‧金屬層
21‧‧‧基板
22‧‧‧有機電子裝置
圖1及2為根據本案之例示性具體實例之封裝膜的橫截面圖;以及圖3為根據本案之一例示性具體實例之OED的橫截面圖。
以下參照根據本案之實施例及非根據本案之比較例進一步詳述本案,但本案之範疇並不為以下實施例所限制。
製備塗覆液,其係藉由添加50g的丁基橡膠(Br068,EXXON)作為由丁烯衍生之聚合物、35g的氫化之烴類樹脂(Eastotac H-100L)作為增黏劑、15g的三羥甲丙烷三丙烯酸酯(trimethylolpropane triacrylate)作為
多官能性活化能射線可聚合化合物、以及1g的2,2-二甲氧基-1,2-二苯基乙-1-酮(2,2-dimethoxy-1,2-diphenylethane-1-one)(Irgacure 651,Ciba)作為自由基起始劑,分散以50重量份(相對於100重量份之樹脂總量)添加之氧化鈣,並以甲苯將所得混合物稀釋成固含量(solid content)為約15wt%。
製備塗覆液,其係藉由添加50g的丁基橡膠(Br068,EXXON)作為由丁烯衍生之聚合物、24g的氫化之烴類樹脂(Eastotac H-100L)作為增黏劑、15g的單官能丙烯酸酯(即,丙烯酸2-(2-乙氧乙氧)乙酯)作為式1化合物、10g的三羥甲丙烷三丙烯酸酯作為多官能性活化能射線可聚合化合物、以及1g的2,2-二甲氧基-1,2-二苯基乙-1-酮(Irgacure 651,Ciba)作為自由基起始劑,並以甲苯將所得混合物稀釋成固含量為約15wt%。
相繼堆疊銅膜、第一層及第二層以形成封裝膜。此處,以所製備之溶液塗覆離型(release)PET之離型表面(release surface)且在烘箱中於100℃乾燥經塗覆產物15分鐘以形成厚度為50μm的第一層,以及以如上述之相同方法形成厚度為50μm的第二層然後與厚度為20μm的銅膜層合於第一層上。膜樣品係用UV射線以2J/cm2照射
以量測物理性質。
製備塗覆液,其係藉由添加50g的丁基橡膠(Br068,EXXON)作為由丁烯衍生之聚合物、40g的氫化之烴類樹脂(Eastotac H-100L)作為增黏劑、10g的三羥甲丙烷三丙烯酸酯作為多官能性活化能射線可聚合化合物、以及1g的2,2-二甲氧基-1,2-二苯基乙-1-酮(Irgacure 651,Ciba)作為自由基起始劑,分散以50重量份(相對於100重量份之樹脂總量)添加之氧化鈣,並以甲苯將所得混合物稀釋成固含量為約15wt%。
以如實施例1中所述相同方法製備用於第二層的溶液,但是式1化合物係以丙烯酸十八酯(stearyl acrylate)置換。
以如實施例1中所述相同方法形成封裝膜。
以如實施例2中所述相同方法形成封裝膜,但是在製備用於第二層的溶液時,式1化合物係以丙烯酸月桂酯
(lauryl acrylate)置換。
製備塗覆液,其係藉由添加55g的丁基橡膠(Br068,EXXON)作為由丁烯衍生之聚合物、40g的氫化之烴類樹脂(Eastotac H-100L)作為增黏劑、5g的三羥甲丙烷三丙烯酸酯作為多官能性活化能射線可聚合化合物、以及1g的2,2-二甲氧基-1,2-二苯基乙-1-酮(Irgacure 651,Ciba)作為自由基起始劑,分散以50重量份(相對於100重量份之樹脂總量)添加之氧化鈣,並以甲苯將所得混合物稀釋成固含量為約15wt%。
以如實施例1中所述相同方法製備用於第二層的溶液,但是式1化合物係以丙烯酸異癸酯(isodecyl acrylate)置換。
以如實施例1中所述相同方法形成封裝膜。
以如實施例1中所述相同方法形成封裝膜,但是在製備用於第二層的溶液時,不包含式1化合物。
以如實施例1中所述相同方法形成封裝膜,但是在製備用於第二層的溶液時,式1化合物係以甲基丙烯酸月桂酯(lauryl methacrylate)置換。
以如實施例1中所述相同方法形成封裝膜,但是係相繼堆疊銅膜、第二層及第一層。
具有厚度為50μm且尺寸為14cm×9cm的壓敏性黏著層(其為於任一實施例及比較例中形成)係利用軋輥貼合機(roll laminator)而貼附至尺寸為150cm×10cm之0.7T玻璃的中央。具有與所製備之樣品相同尺寸的玻璃係藉由立式壓迫(vertical pressing)使用真空貼合機(vacuum laminator)於25至100℃及100pa真空度在0.5MPa的壓力下層合(層合為第二層接觸玻璃)。層合性質(laminating property)係藉由未層合程度(degree of non-lamination)或氣泡產生於壓敏性黏著劑的整個表面而測定,因此當發生未層合(non-lamination)或者產生至少一個直徑為3mm或以上之泡泡,便測定為層合不合格(lamination failure)。
藉由將任一實施例及比較例中所製備之壓敏性黏著層形成於厚度為50μm之金屬基底的一表面上而製備的樣品係以1cm×1cm的黏著面積(adhesive area)貼附至玻璃,將500g重量以重力方向於85℃加載於金屬基底1小時,然後測量壓敏性黏著層的潛變距離。測量第二層係貼附至玻璃時之潛變距離。此處,係使用銅作為金屬基底。加載重量時,黏著面積全部潛變回縮(creep back)、樣品因而分離的情況,係測定為不合格(failure)。
準備尺寸為5cm×5cm的玻璃,樣品係使用輥貼合機(roll laminator)貼附至彼而為一層係發現於在實施例及比較例中所製備之第一或第二層之間以面對外部,接著根據ASTM D2979於壓敏性黏著劑表面上檢測探棒黏力(probe tack force)。以直徑為1吋的球探針(ball probe)作為檢測探棒黏力(probe tack force)的設備,並在包括接觸時間為1秒、拆離所施加載500gf之速度為10mm/sec的條件下進行評估。
準備銦鋼(invar)金屬,使用軋輥貼合機(roll laminator)貼附封裝膜以與第一層接觸,然後使用2kg軋輥將1-吋TESA 07475帶(tape)貼附至封裝膜底面。然
後,封裝膜係於該帶之長度方向切割,金屬的一側係固定至UTM裝置,隨後要求黏著強度,係藉由以180°的剝離角度(peel angle)以及300mm/min的剝離速率(peel rate)拉之以剝離該帶。
11‧‧‧基底膜或離型膜
12‧‧‧壓敏性黏著層
13‧‧‧金屬層
Claims (21)
- 一種封裝膜,其包括:金屬層以及壓敏性黏著層,其中,該壓敏性黏著層包含具有以通用方程式1計算之彈性部分(elastic portion)為30至80%的第一層、及具有以通用方程式1計算之彈性部分為8至40%的第二層,[通用方程式1]Ep(單位:%)=100×σ2/σ1,其中,σ1是壓敏性黏著層形成為厚度600μm時藉由在進階流變擴展系統(advanced rheometric expansion system)(ARES)之應力鬆弛測試模式(stress relaxation test mode)中利用直徑為8mm之平行板(parallel plate)於85℃施加200gf的正向力(normal force)而對膜施以30%應變時測得之最大應力值(maximum stress value),而σ2是在應變(strain)施於膜維持180秒的狀態後所測得之應力值。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之膜,其中,該金屬層係直接貼附至該第一層。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之膜,其中,該第一層具有之根據ASTM D2979測定之探棒黏力(probe tack force)為於50至500gf的範圍。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之膜,其中,該第二層具有之根據ASTM D2979測定之探棒黏力為於3至100gf 的範圍。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之膜,其中,該壓敏性黏著層包含由丁烯衍生之聚合物以及符合式1之化合物:
- 如申請專利範圍第5項之膜,其中,由丁烯衍生之聚合物為丁烯單體之均聚物(homopolymer);丁烯單體與可和其聚合之不同的單體共聚合(copolymerizing)的共聚物;使用丁烯單體之反應性寡聚物(reactive oligomer);或彼等之混合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項之膜,其中,可和丁烯單體聚合之單體為異戊二烯、苯乙烯或丁二烯。
- 如申請專利範圍第6項之膜,其中,使用丁烯單體之反應性寡聚物包括具有反應性官能基的丁烯聚合物,以及該丁烯聚合物係連結至具有反應性官能基之不同的聚合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項之膜,其中,由丁烯衍生之聚合物的含量為60至95重量份,符合式1之化合物的含量為5至40重量份。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項之膜,其中,該壓敏性黏著層進一步包含符合式2之多官能性活化能射線可聚合化合物:
- 如申請專利範圍第10項之膜,其中,由丁烯衍生之聚合物的含量為50至90重量份,符合式1之化合物的含量為5至35重量份,以及式2之多官能性活化能射線可聚合化合物的含量為5至25重量份。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之膜,其中,該壓敏性黏著層進一步包含增黏劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項之膜,其中,該增黏劑為氫化之環烯烴(hydrogenated cyclic olefin)系聚合物。
- 如申請專利範圍第12項之膜,其中,相較於100 重量份之聚合物,增黏劑的含量為5至100重量份。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項之膜,其中,該壓敏性黏著層進一步包含自由基起始劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第15項之膜,其中,自由基起始劑為光起始劑(photoinitiator)或熱起始劑(thermal initiator)。
- 如申請專利範圍第5項之膜,其中,該壓敏性黏著層進一步包含濕氣吸收劑。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之膜,其中,該金屬層具有導熱係數(thermal conductivity)為50W/mK或以上。
- 如申請專利範圍第1項之膜,其中,該壓敏性黏著層,於形成為厚度100μm,具有於厚度方向之水氣穿透率(WVTR)為50g/m2.天或以下。
- 一種有機電子裝置,其包括基板;形成於該基板上之有機電子元件;以及如申請專利範圍第1項之封裝膜,其封裝有機電子元件的整個表面。
- 一種製造有機電子裝置的方法,其包括:將如申請專利範圍第1項之封裝膜施於其上形成有機電子元件之基板以覆蓋有機電子元件的整個表面;以及固化該封裝膜。
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