KR20160113334A - 자동차 윈도우 및 그 제조방법 - Google Patents

자동차 윈도우 및 그 제조방법 Download PDF

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KR20160113334A
KR20160113334A KR1020167026073A KR20167026073A KR20160113334A KR 20160113334 A KR20160113334 A KR 20160113334A KR 1020167026073 A KR1020167026073 A KR 1020167026073A KR 20167026073 A KR20167026073 A KR 20167026073A KR 20160113334 A KR20160113334 A KR 20160113334A
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South Korea
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glass
substrate
layer
glass layer
less
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KR1020167026073A
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English (en)
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KR101899225B1 (ko
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데이비드 도슨-엘리
스티븐 이. 데마르티노
로라 엘. 흐럭
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코닝 인코포레이티드
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C27/00—Joining pieces of glass to pieces of other inorganic material; Joining glass to glass other than by fusing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10036—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets comprising two outer glass sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10091—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet thermally hardened
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/101—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having a predetermined coefficient of thermal expansion [CTE]
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/10009—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the number, the constitution or treatment of glass sheets
    • B32B17/10082—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet
    • B32B17/10119—Properties of the bulk of a glass sheet having a composition deviating from the basic composition of soda-lime glass, e.g. borosilicate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/06—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material
    • B32B17/10—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin
    • B32B17/10005—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing
    • B32B17/1055—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer
    • B32B17/10761—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres comprising glass as the main or only constituent of a layer, next to another layer of a specific material of synthetic resin laminated safety glass or glazing characterized by the resin layer, i.e. interlayer containing vinyl acetal
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/14—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the properties of the layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B38/00—Ancillary operations in connection with laminating processes
    • B32B38/0004—Cutting, tearing or severing, e.g. bursting; Cutter details
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/02—Physical, chemical or physicochemical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3668—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating having electrical properties
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
    • C03C17/00—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating
    • C03C17/34—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions
    • C03C17/36—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal
    • C03C17/3602—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer
    • C03C17/3681—Surface treatment of glass, not in the form of fibres or filaments, by coating with at least two coatings having different compositions at least one coating being a metal the metal being present as a layer the multilayer coating being used in glazing, e.g. windows or windscreens
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E06—DOORS, WINDOWS, SHUTTERS, OR ROLLER BLINDS IN GENERAL; LADDERS
    • E06B—FIXED OR MOVABLE CLOSURES FOR OPENINGS IN BUILDINGS, VEHICLES, FENCES OR LIKE ENCLOSURES IN GENERAL, e.g. DOORS, WINDOWS, BLINDS, GATES
    • E06B3/00—Window sashes, door leaves, or like elements for closing wall or like openings; Layout of fixed or moving closures, e.g. windows in wall or like openings; Features of rigidly-mounted outer frames relating to the mounting of wing frames
    • E06B3/66—Units comprising two or more parallel glass or like panes permanently secured together
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
    • G02F1/153—Constructional details
    • G02F1/1533—Constructional details structural features not otherwise provided for
    • H—ELECTRICITY
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    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/036—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes
    • H01L31/0392—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
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    • H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
    • H01L31/036—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes
    • H01L31/0392—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate
    • H01L31/03923—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies characterised by their crystalline structure or particular orientation of the crystalline planes including thin films deposited on metallic or insulating substrates ; characterised by specific substrate materials or substrate features or by the presence of intermediate layers, e.g. barrier layers, on the substrate including AIBIIICVI compound materials, e.g. CIS, CIGS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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    • C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
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    • G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
    • G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour 
    • G02F1/15—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour  based on an electrochromic effect
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    • Y10T428/2495—Thickness [relative or absolute]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Nonlinear Science (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Joining Of Glass To Other Materials (AREA)
  • Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)
  • Re-Forming, After-Treatment, Cutting And Transporting Of Glass Products (AREA)
  • Surface Treatment Of Glass (AREA)
  • Glass Compositions (AREA)
  • Securing Of Glass Panes Or The Like (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)

Abstract

본 발명은 라미네이트 제품 및 층상 제품, 예를 들면, 저 알칼리 유리 라미네이트 제품 및 층상 제품에 관한 것이며, 예를 들면, 전기발색 소자에 유용하다.

Description

자동차 윈도우 및 그 제조방법{Automotive window and manufacturing method thereof}
본 출원은 2008년 5월 30일에 출원된 미국 가 특허 출원 제61/057,344호 및 2009년 4월 21일에 출원된 미국 특허출원 제12/427,397호에 대하여 우선권을 주장한다.
본 발명의 구체예들은 라미네이트 제품(laminated articles) 및 층상 제품(layered articles)에 관한 것이며, 더욱 상세하게는 예를 들면, 전기변색 소자(electrochromic devices)에 유용한 저 알칼리 유리 라미네이트 제품 및 층상 제품에 관한 것이다.
자연광의 관리는 건축물 디자인에서 예를 들면, 건물의 인테리어가 거주자에게 편안함을 주면서 외부 경관이 최대한 보이게 하기 위한 방법에서 고려 사항이다. 예를 들면, 너무 많은 빛은 빌딩 내부의 열 및/또는 밝기를 증가시킬 수 있다. 투명에서부터 틴트 및 뒷면에 투명함 정도의 변화까지 변경할 수 있는 윈도우, 예를 들면, 전기변색 윈도우는 증가된 유리의 사용, 예를 들면, 열 취득 및 눈부심과 결부된 하나 이상의 단점을 최소화할 수 있다.
예를 들면, 자동차 및 건출물에서 사용하기 위한 윈도우는 다양한 안전법을 충족시켜야만 하고, 기계적인 강도 시험, 예를 들면, 파편 충격 시험 및 후-파손 윈드 사이클링을 받을 수 있다. 윈도우는 예를 들면, 환경 조건에 견디기 위하여 증가된 기계적 강도에 이점을 제공할 수 있다.
전기변색, 광변색(photochromic), 감열변색(thermochromic), 및 로우-e 타입(low-e type) 적용을 위한 기능성 물질은 통상적으로 첫 번째 두꺼운 소다 라임 유리(soda lime glass) 기판에 적용되며, 두 번째 두꺼운 소다 라임 유리가 적층되는데, 이는 상기 언급한 안전법을 충족시키기 위해서이다. 상기 기판은 종종 알칼리를 최소화하기 위하여, 예를 들면, 기능성 물질안으로 기판으로부터 나트륨 확산을 최소화하기 위하여 베리어 층으로 코팅된다. 그러나, 베리어 층에 어떤 금, 예를 들면, 스크래치는 나트륨 또는 알칼리를 기능성 물질안으로 들어가도록 할 수 있으며, 기능성 물질의 효용에 손상을 준다. 소다 라임 유리의 결점, 예를 들면, 기포, 스크래치, 함유물은 또한 기능성 물질의 효용에 손상을 준다.
유리 강도는 노출 온도, 영상비, 플레이트 사이즈, 단단함 및 하중기간에 따라 달라질 수 있다. 라미네이트 유리는 증가된 윈드 로딩에 대한 저항성, 증가된 임팩트 저항성 또는 열 응력 저항성과 같은 추가적인 이점을 위하여 어닐링, 열 강화(heat strengthened), 및/또는 풀리 템퍼링(fully tempered)될 수 있다.
라미네이트 제품 및 층상 제품은 나트륨 확산과 같은 알칼리 확산을 최소화할 수 있고, 기계적인 강도 및/또는 투명도(clarity)를 최대화할 수 있는 장점을 가질 수 있다.
본 발명에 의한 라미네이트 제품 및 층상 제품은 종래의 라미네이트 제품 및 층상 제품의 상기 언급한 하나 이상의 단점을 해결하고 하나 이상의 후술하는 장점을 제공한다: 알칼리 확산을 최소화하고, 예를 들면, 유리로부터 나온 기능성 물질 (functional material)내로 나트륨의 확산을 최소화하고, 유리에서의 결함을 감소시키며, 투명도를 향상시키고 중량을 최소화한다.
일 구체예는 50 x 10-7/℃ 이하의 열 팽창 계수를 갖는 유리층; 상기 유리 층에 배치된 기능성 물질; 유리, 폴리머, 또는 이들의 조합물을 포함하고 상기 유리층의 두께보다 더 두꺼운 두께를 갖는 기판; 및 상기 기판 및 상기 유리 층 또는 상기 기능성 물질 사이에 배치된 라미네이트 층을 포함하는 제품이다.
또 다른 구체예는 10 중량% 이하의 산화나트륨을 포함하는 유리 층; 상기 유리 층에 배치된 전기변색 물질, 감열변색 물질, 광변색 물질, 로우-e 타입 물질, 활성 제상(actively defrosting) 물질, 투명 전도성 산화물 또는 이들의 조합물; 유리, 폴리머, 또는 이들의 조합물을 포함하고 상기 유리층의 두께보다 더 두꺼운 두께를 갖는 기판; 및 상기 기판 및 상기 유리 층 또는 상기 기능성 물질 사이에 배치된 라미네이트 층을 포함하는 제품이다.
또 다른 구체예는 50 x 10-7/℃ 이하의 열 팽창 계수를 갖는 유리층; 상기 유리층에 배치된 전기변색 물질(electrochromic material); 및 상기 유리층과 접촉하지 않은 상기 전기변색 물질의 표면에 배치된 보호층을 포함하는 제품이다.
본 발명의 추가적인 특성 및 이점은 후술하는 상세한 설명으로 설명될 것이고, 부분적으로는 명세서로부터 당업자가 용이하게 알 수 있거나 본 명세서에 기술된 설명 및 청구항 뿐만 아니라 첨부된 도면으로부터 본 발명의 실시를 알 수 있을 것이다.
전술한 일반적인 설명 및 후술할 상세한 설명은 단지 본 발명의 대표적인 예이며, 청구하는 본 발명의 특성을 이해하기 위한 개요 또는 뼈대를 제공하기 위한 의도임을 이해하여야 할 것이다.
첨부된 도면은 본 발명을 더욱 이해하기 위하여 제공되는 것이며, 발명의 상세한 설명의 일부에 혼입 및 구성하는 것이다. 도면은 하나 이상의 본 발명의 실시예를 설명하고 발명의 상세한 설명과 함께 본 발명의 원리 및 작동을 설명하기 위하여 제공된다.
본 발명은 수반된 도면 단독 또는 이들과 함께 후술하는 상세한 설명으로부터 이해될 것이다.
도 1은 본 발명의 일 구체예에 따른 제품을 나타낸 개략도이다.
도 2는 본 발명의 일 구체예에 따른 제품을 나타낸 개략도이다.
도 3은 본 발명의 일 구체예에 따른 제품을 나타낸 개략도이다.
참조부호는 본 발명의 다양한 실시예, 수반하는 도면에서 도시된 실시예를 상세하게 할 것이다. 가능하다면, 동일한 참조부호는 도면을 통하여 동일 또는 유사한 부분을 언급한 것으로 사용될 것이다.
도 1 및 도 3에서 도시된 바와 같은 하나의 구체예는 각각 제품 (100) 및 제품 (200)이며, 50 x 10-7/℃ 이하의 열 팽창 계수를 갖는 유리층(12); 상기 유리 층에 배치된 기능성 물질(10); 유리, 폴리머, 또는 이들의 조합물을 포함하고 상기 유리층의 두께보다 더 두꺼운 두께를 갖는 기판(16); 및 상기 기판 및 상기 유리 층 또는 상기 기능성 물질 사이에 배치된 라미네이트 층(14)을 포함한다.
또 다른 구체예는 10 중량% 이하의 알칼리 산화물을 포함하는 유리 층; 상기 유리층에 배치된 전기변색 물질, 감열변색 물질, 광변색 물질, 로우-e 타입 물질, 활성 제상 물질, 투명 전도성 산화물 또는 이들의 조합물; 유리, 폴리머, 또는 이들의 조합물을 포함하고 상기 유리층의 두께보다 더 두꺼운 두께를 갖는 기판; 및 상기 기판과 상기 유리 층 또는 상기 기능성 물질 사이에 배치된 라미네이트 층;을 포함하는 제품이다.
또 다른 구체예는 10 중량% 이하의 산화나트륨을 포함하는 유리 층; 상기 유리층에 배치된 전기변색 물질, 감열변색 물질, 광변색 물질, 로우-e 타입 물질, 활성 제상 물질, 투명 전도성 산화물 또는 이들의 조합물; 유리, 폴리머, 또는 이들의 조합물을 포함하고 상기 유리층의 두께보다 더 두꺼운 두께를 갖는 기판; 및 상기 기판과 상기 유리 층 또는 상기 기능성 물질 사이에 배치된 라미네이트 층;을 포함하는 제품이다.
또 다른 구체예는 50 x 10-7/℃ 이하의 열 팽창 계수를 갖는 유리층; 상기 유리층에 배치된 전기변색 물질; 유리, 폴리머, 또는 이들의 조합물을 포함하고 상기 유리층의 두께보다 더 두꺼운 두께를 갖는 기판; 및 상기 기판과 상기 유리 층 또는 상기 기능성 물질 사이에 배치된 라미네이트 층;을 포함하는 제품이다.
또 다른 구체예는 10 중량% 이하의 알칼리 산화물을 포함하는 투명 유리 층, 여기서, 상기 투명 유리층은 0.5㎜ 내지 4㎜의 두께를 가짐; 상기 투명 유리 층에 배치된 전기 변색 물질; 유리, 폴리머, 또는 이들의 조합물을 포함하고, 상기 투명 유리 층의 두께보다 두꺼운 두께를 갖는 기판; 및 폴리비닐 부티랄, UV 경화 수지, 열가소성, 열경화성 이오노플라스트(ionoplast), 폴리카보네이트, 폴리우레탄, UV 경화성 폴리머, 실리콘 및 이들의 조합으로부터 선택된 물질을 포함하고, 상기 기판과 투명 유리층 또는 기능성 물질 사이에 배치된 라미네이트 층을 포함하는 제품이다.
어떤 구체예에 따르면, 상기 유리층의 두께는 4.0㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 3.5㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 3.2㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 3.0㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 2.5㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 2.0㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 1.9㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 1.8㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 1.5㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 1.1㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 0.5㎜ 내지 2.0㎜, 예를 들면, 0.5㎜ 내지 1.1㎜, 예를 들면, 0.7㎜ 내지 1.1㎜이다. 비록 이들의 두께가 대표적인 예이나, 상기 유리층의 두께는 0.1㎜에서부터 최대 4.0㎜를 포함하는 범위에서의 소수점을 포함하는 임의의 수치값을 포함할 수 있다.
상기 유리층은 상대적으로 낮은 열전달계수(CTE), 예를 들면, 50 x 10-7/℃ 이하, 예를 들면, 35 x 10-7/℃ 이하를 가질 수 있다. 본 발명의 일 구체예에 따르면, 상기 유리층은 20 x 10-7/℃ 내지 50 x 10-7/℃, 예를 들면, 20 x 10-7/℃ 내지 35 x 10-7/℃의 CTE를 갖는다.
어떤 구체예에서, 상기 유리층은 투명하다.
일 구체예에서, 상기 라미네이트 층은 폴리비닐 부티랄, UV 경화 수지, 열가소성, 열경화성 이오노플라스트(ionoplast), 폴리카보네이트, 폴리우레탄, UV 경화성 폴리머, 실리콘, 및 이들의 조합으로부터 선택된 물질을 포함한다.
본 발명의 일 구체예에 따른 상기 기판은 유리, 폴리머, 또는 이들의 조합을 포함한다. 예를 들면, 상기 기판은 유리, 용융 형성가능한 유리(fusion formable glass), 소다 라임 유리, 플라스틱, 폴리카보네이트, 및 이들의 조합으로부터 선택된 물질을 포함할 수 있다.
상기 전기변색, 감열변색, 광변색, 로우-e 타입, 활성 제상 물질, 또는 투명 전도성 산화물은 단일층 또는 다중층을 포함할 수 있다. 상기 전기변색 기능성 물질은 전극층 또는 층들, 상대(counter) 전극층 또는 층들, 이온전도층 또는 층들과 같은 다중층을 포함할 수 있다. 어떤 구체예에서, 상기 층은 솔리드 무기 물질(solid inorganic materials)을 포함할 수 있다.
본 발명의 일 구체예에 따른 상기 유리층은 10 중량% 이하, 예를 들면, 9 중량% 이하, 예를 들면, 8 중량% 이하, 예를 들면, 5 중량% 이하, 예를 들면, 0.5 중량% 이하의 알칼리 산화물을 포함한다. 일 구체예에서, 상기 알칼리 산화물은 0.1 중량% 내지 10 중량%의 범위이다. 비록 이들이 대표적인 알칼리 산화물의 함량일지라도, 상기 유리층은 0에서부터 최대 10 중량%를 포함하는 범위에서의 소수점을 포함하는 임의의 수치값의 알칼리 산화물의 함량을 포함할 수 있다.
본 발명의 일 구체예에 따른 상기 유리층은 10 중량% 이하, 예를 들면, 9 중량% 이하, 예를 들면, 8 중량% 이하, 예를 들면, 5 중량% 이하, 예를 들면, 0.5 중량% 이하의 산화나트륨을 포함한다. 일 구체예에서, 상기 산화나트륨 함량은 0.1 중량% 내지 10 중량%의 범위이다. 비록, 이들이 산화나트륨 함량의 대표적인 예일지라도, 상기 유리층은 0에서부터 10 중량%를 포함하는 범위에서 소수점을 포함하는 임의의 수치값의 산화나트륨 함량을 포함할 수 있다.
어떤 구체예에 따르면, 제품의 배열은 예를 들면, 도 1 및 도 2에 의하여 기술된 것일 수 있으나, 또 다른 배열이 본 발명에 따라서 사용될 수 있다. 예를 들면, 상기 라미네이트 층은 상기 기판과 상기 유리층 또는 기능성 물질 사이에 배치될 수 있다.
도 3에서 도시된 바와 같은 또 다른 구체예에서, 50 x 10-7/℃ 이하의 열 팽창계수를 갖는 유리층(18); 상기 유리층에 배치된 전기 변색 물질 (20); 및 상기 유리층과 접촉하지 않는 상기 전기변색 물질의 표면에 배치된 보호층(22)을 포함하는 제품(300)이다. 일 구체예에 따른 제품은 보호층 및 유리층을 결합하는 밀봉 물질(seal materials, 24)을 추가로 포함하여 보호층, 유리층 및 밀봉 물질을 함께 전자변색 물질을 내장(enclose)하도록 한다. 상기 밀봉 물질은 프릿, 유리 시트, 및 스퍼터링된(sputtered) 유리로부터 선택될 수 있다. 보호층 및 유리층과 조합된 상기 밀봉 물질은 전기변색 물질을 환경, 예를 들면, 선적, 윈도우의 제조 및/또는 빌딩 유리 또는 자동차 유리와 같은 최종 제품으로 제조에 노출시켜 유독한 영향을 최소화할 수 있다.
상기 구체예에서, 상기 전기변색 물질은 전극층 또는 층들, 상대 전극층 또는 층들, 이온전도층 또는 층들과 같은 다중층(multiple layer)을 포함할 수 있다. 어떤 구체예에서, 상기 층은 솔리드 무기 물질을 포함할 수 있다.
상기 구체예에서, 상기 유리층의 두께는 4.0㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 3.5㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 3.2㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 3.0㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 2.5㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 2.0㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 1.9㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 1.8㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 1.5㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 1.1㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 0.5㎜ 내지 2.0㎜, 예를 들면, 0.5㎜ 내지 1.1㎜, 예를 들면, 0.7㎜ 내지 1.1㎜일 수 있다. 이들 두께가 대표적인 것이나, 상기 유리층은 0.1㎜에서부터 최대 4.0㎜를 포함하는 범위에서 소수점을 포함하는 임의의 수치값의 두께일 수 있다.
상기 유리층은 상대적으로 낮은 열팽창계수CTE), 예를 들면, 50 x 10-7/℃ 이하, 예를 들면, 35 x 10-7/℃ 이하일 수 있다. 일 구체예에 따르면, 상기 유리층의 CTE는 20 x 10-7/℃ 내지 50 x 10-7/℃, 예를 들면, 20 x 10-7/℃ 내지 35 x 10-7/℃일 수 있다.
어떤 구체예에서, 상기 유리층은 투명하다.
상기 보호층은 화학적 또는 기계적 내구성을 제공할 수 있다. 상기 보호층은 스퍼터링된(sputtered) 유리층 또는 유리 시트, 예를 들면, 투명 유리층 또는 시트일 수 있다. 어떤 구체예에 따른 보호층의 두께는 4.0㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 3.5㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 3.2㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 3.0㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 2.5㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 2.0㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 1.9㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 1.8㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 1.5㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 1.1㎜ 이하, 예를 들면, 0.5㎜ 내지 2.0㎜, 예를 들면, 0.5㎜ 내지 1.1㎜, 예를 들면, 0.7㎜ 내지 1.1㎜일 수 있다. 이들 두께가 대표적인 것이나, 상기 보호층은 0.1㎜에서부터 최대 4.0㎜를 포함하는 범위에서 소수점을 포함하는 임의의 수치값의 두께일 수 있다.
상기 보호층은 상대적으로 낮은 열팽창계수CTE), 예를 들면, 50 x 10-7/℃ 이하, 예를 들면, 35 x 10-7/℃ 이하를 가질 수 있다. 일 구체예에 따르면, 상기 보호층의 CTE는 20 x 10-7/℃ 내지 50 x 10-7/℃, 예를 들면, 20 x 10-7/℃ 내지 35 x 10-7/℃일 수 있다.
어떤 구체예에서, 상기 보호층은 투명하다.
어떤 구체예에서, 상기 전기변색 물질은 전극층 또는 층들, 상대 전극층 또는 층들, 이온전도층 또는 층들과 같은 다중층을 포함할 수 있다. 어떤 구체예에서, 상기 층은 솔리드 무기 물질을 포함할 수 있다.
두꺼운 소다 라임 유리에 기능성 물질로 코팅된 얇고, 낮은 CTE, 저 알칼리 유리를 라미네이팅하는 것은 프로세스를 향상시킬 수 있고, 비용을 최소화할 수 있다. 낮은 CTE, 저 알칼리 유리는 내구성이 있고, 소다 라임 유리와 비교하여 투명도가 증가되며, 예를 들면, 텔레비전에 이용되는 디스플레이 유리에서 결점을 최소화할 수 있다.
건축 윈도우에서, 상업적으로 이용가능한 윈도우는 통상적으로 6㎜ 두께이다. 본 발명에 따르면, 0.7㎜ 내지 1.1㎜ 낮은 CTE, 저 알칼리 유리는 다수의 라미네이팅 공정 중 하나에 의하여 폴리비닐 부티랄 라미네이트를 사용하여 6㎜ 미만 소다 라임 유리로 라미네이트될 수 있다. 상기 소다 라임 유리는 관련된 수송법 또는 건축법규를 만족하기 위한 강도에 의존하여 어닐링, 열강화(heat strengthened, HS), 및/또는 풀리 템퍼링(fully tempered, FT)될 수 있다.
상기 구체예에서, 상기 소다 라임 유리는 어닐링, 열강화(통상적으로 어닐링 유리의 2x 강화) 및/또는 풀리 템퍼링(통상적으로 어닐링 유리의 4x 강화)하여 수송 또는 건축법규에서 요구될 수 있는 추가적인 기계적 강도를 제공한다는 점에서 강도면에서 이점을 제공한다. 낮은 CTE 저 알칼리 유리는 통상적으로 어닐링 형태로만 이용할 수 있어서, 그 결과, 어떤 실시예에서, 기판, 소다 라임 유리는 라미네이트된 제품의 강도를 증가시킨다.
본 발명에 따른 유리층은 후술하는 하나 이상의 장점을 제공하며, 저 알칼리 유리는 나트륨/알칼리 확산을 최소화하기 위하여 소다 라임 유리상에 베리어 층(barrier layer)의 필요성을 감소시키고, 저 알칼리 유리는 유기 또는 무기 코팅, 예를 들면, 전기변색, 감열변색, 광변색, 로우-e의 성능을 향상시키며, 저 알칼리 유리는 고온에서 작동할 수 있으며, 저 알칼리 유리는 코팅 후 커팅될 수 있다. 얇은 저 알칼리 유리는 중량이 가볍고, 낮은 CTE, 낮은 알칼리 프로덕트와 연관하여 비용을 최소화한다.
적층물(Lamination)은 하나 이상의 후술하는 장점, 안정성(safety), 보증성(security), 사운드 감소, UV 컨트롤, 기후/자연재앙(weather/natural disaster) 혜택, 내구성, 디자인의 다양성, 설치 용이성, 및 낮은 시각 왜곡을 제공할 수 있다. 적층물은 다양한 기판에 얇은, 저 알칼리 유리를 라미네이트하는데 사용될 수 있다. 이는 그 밖의 특성, 예를 들면, 컬러 또는 자정성(self-cleaning properties)을 맞추는데 사용될 수 있다.
본 발명의 라미네이트 제품 및 층상 제품은 예를 들면, 일반적인 수송수단(자동차, 기차, 경철도, 항공기, 버스), 빌딩(상업 및 주거) 및 PV 셀, 건물(상업 및 주거) 모두, 및 온-오프 그리드를 위한 전기 변색 윈도우에 사용될 수 있다.
상기 라미네이트 제품 및 층상 제품은 예를 들면 단일 판유리(pane), 이중 판유리 또는 삼중 판유리 윈도우의 외부, 중심 또는 내부에 혼입될 수 있다.
본 발명의 범위를 벗어나지 않는 범주에서 다양한 수정 및 변경될 수 있음은 당업자에게 명백하다. 그러므로, 본 발명에서의 첨부된 청구항의 범위 및 균등물의 범위를 포함하는 수정 및 변경은 본 발명의 범위로 포함할 의도이다.

Claims (5)

  1. 50 x 10-7/℃ 이하의 열 팽창 계수, 10중량% 이하의 알칼리 산화물, 및 2.5mm 이하의 두께를 갖는 유리층;
    상기 유리층 상에 배치된 코팅 물질, 상기 코팅은 로우-e 타입 물질, 활성 제상 물질 및 투명 전도성 산화물 물질 중 하나 이상 포함함;
    소다 라임 유리를 포함하며, 상기 유리층보다 큰 두께를 갖는 기판; 및
    상기 기판과 상기 유리층 사이에 배치된 라미네이트 층을 포함하는 자동차 윈도우.
  2. 청구항 1에 있어서,
    상기 기판은 6mm 미만의 두께를 갖는 자동차 윈도우.
  3. 청구항 1에 있어서,
    상기 자동차 윈도우는 베리어 층을 포함하지 않는 자동차 윈도우.
  4. 청구항 1에 있어서,
    상기 라미네이트 층은 폴리비닐 부티랄, UV 경화 수지, 열가소성, 열경화성 이오노플라스트(ionoplast), 폴리카보네이트, 폴리우레탄, UV 경화성 폴리머, 실리콘 및 이들의 조합으로부터 선택된 물질을 포함하며, 상기 기판과 유리층 또는 상기 기판과 코팅 물질 사이에 배치되는 자동차 윈도우.
  5. 청구항 1에 따른 자동차 윈도우의 제조방법으로서,
    상기 유리층을 상기 코팅 물질로 코팅하는 단계;
    상기 코팅된 유리층과 상기 기판을 라미네이트하는 단계; 및
    코팅 후 상기 유리층을 커팅하는 단계;
    를 포함하며,
    여기서, 상기 기판 및 유리층은 라미네이트 층을 통해서 라미네이트되며, 상기 라미네이트 층은 폴리비닐 부티랄, UV 경화 수지, 열가소성, 열경화성 이오노플라스트(ionoplast), 폴리카보네이트, 폴리우레탄, UV 경화성 폴리머, 실리콘 및 이들의 조합으로부터 선택된 물질을 포함하며, 상기 기판과 유리층 또는 상기 기판과 코팅 물질 사이에 배치되는 자동차 윈도우의 제조방법.
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