JPS62291904A - 永久磁石の製造方法 - Google Patents

永久磁石の製造方法

Info

Publication number
JPS62291904A
JPS62291904A JP61134865A JP13486586A JPS62291904A JP S62291904 A JPS62291904 A JP S62291904A JP 61134865 A JP61134865 A JP 61134865A JP 13486586 A JP13486586 A JP 13486586A JP S62291904 A JPS62291904 A JP S62291904A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
permanent magnet
particles
mainly composed
alloy
resin
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP61134865A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Noriyuki Inoue
宣幸 井上
Katsumi Takahashi
勝美 高橋
Nobuo Imaizumi
伸夫 今泉
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Namiki Precision Jewel Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Namiki Precision Jewel Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Namiki Precision Jewel Co Ltd filed Critical Namiki Precision Jewel Co Ltd
Priority to JP61134865A priority Critical patent/JPS62291904A/ja
Priority to US07/060,414 priority patent/US4801340A/en
Publication of JPS62291904A publication Critical patent/JPS62291904A/ja
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
    • H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
    • H01F1/0574—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes obtained by liquid dynamic compaction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
    • C22C1/0433—Nickel- or cobalt-based alloys
    • C22C1/0441—Alloys based on intermetallic compounds of the type rare earth - Co, Ni
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
    • H01F1/00—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties
    • H01F1/01—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials
    • H01F1/03—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity
    • H01F1/032—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials
    • H01F1/04—Magnets or magnetic bodies characterised by the magnetic materials therefor; Selection of materials for their magnetic properties of inorganic materials characterised by their coercivity of hard-magnetic materials metals or alloys
    • H01F1/047—Alloys characterised by their composition
    • H01F1/053—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals
    • H01F1/055—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5
    • H01F1/057—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B
    • H01F1/0571—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes
    • H01F1/0575—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together
    • H01F1/0576—Alloys characterised by their composition containing rare earth metals and magnetic transition metals, e.g. SmCo5 and IIIa elements, e.g. Nd2Fe14B in the form of particles, e.g. rapid quenched powders or ribbon flakes pressed, sintered or bonded together pressed, e.g. hot working

Abstract

(57)【要約】本公報は電子出願前の出願データであるた
め要約のデータは記録されません。

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 ＆発明の詳細な説明 ［産業上の利用分野］ 本発明はＲ（Ｔ１．Ｍ、）　２　（ＲはＹを含む希土類
金属の一種もしくは二種以上、■は［ｅもしくはＦｅ、
　Ｃｏを主体とする遷移金属２ＭはＢを主体とするメタ
ロイド元素、０．０２≦ｙ≦０．１５゜５≦２≦９）を
主成分とする永久磁石の製造方法に関するものである。
［従来の技術］ 希土類遷移金属合金において希土類金属と遷移金属の比
が２＝１７である金属間化合物が理論的に極めて高い磁
気特性［（Ｂｌ（）ｍａｙ：　〜５０ＨＧＯｅｌを有す
ることが発見されて以来、同系化合物を主体とする永久
磁石実用合金を得る試みが種々実験されてぎた。−例と
して５ａｄ−Ｃｏ−Ｃｕ−Ｆｅ系金属間化合物で（ＢＨ
）ｎ＋ａｘ　〜３０ＨＧＯｅが達成され、ざらにＮｄ　
−Ｆｅ系金属間化合物で（ＢＨ）ｗａｘ　〜４０）ＩＧ
Ｏｅノ高磁気特性が得られている。この組成合金は粉砕
、磁場中配向圧縮成形あるいは非Ｉｉ場中圧縮成形、焼
結、溶体化９時効する焼結型永久磁石による製造方法が
一般的であった。そして微粉粒子を得る方法としては、
インゴットを機械的に粉砕したり、水素高圧雰囲気中で
水素化脆性により粗粉砕し脱水素後微粉砕したり、不活
性ガスアトマイズ法により旧融体を噴霧し〜１００趨程
度の球状粗粉を作成し、ざらに所望の粒径まで機械的に
粉砕することが従来あった。
［発明が解決しようとする問題点］ ところでＲ（Ｔ１．Ｍ、）、（ＲはＹを含む希土類金属
の一種もしくは二種以上、ＴはＦｅもしくはＦｅ、　Ｃ
ｏを主体とする遷移金属、Ｍｌ、ｔＢを主体とするメタ
ロイド元素、０．０２≦ｙ≦０．１５゜５≦２≦９）の
一般式で示される組成からなる合金を微粉化する場合、
インゴットから機械的粉砕法により作成された粉体は、
以後の磁場中配向圧縮成形時に、効果的に磁気整列され
た成形体が得られるが、ガ、スアトマイズ法の場合工程
の簡素さで有利な半面、アトマイズ後の急速凝固時に個
々の粒内に０，１〜１０．程度の微小な結晶が磁気的に
無秩序に形成されるため、次の微粉工程において１−以
下に微粉化しないかぎり、磁場成形時に高配向が達成さ
れず、その結果減磁曲線の角型性が劣化した永久磁石し
か得られないという欠点があった。
本発明はこの点を鑑みて、減磁曲線の角型性を向上させ
た永久磁石の製造方法を得ることを目的とする。
［問題点を解決するための手段］ 本発明はＲ（Ｔ１．Ｍ、＞　２　（ＲはＹを含む希土類
金属の一種もしくは二種以上、ＴはＦｃもしくはＦｅ、
　Ｃｏを主体とする遷移金属、ＭＧ、１Ｂを主体とする
メタロイド元素、０．０２≦ｙ≦０．１５゜５≦２≦９
）で規定される組成合金において、該合金を溶融状態か
ら不活性ガスアトマイズ法で噴霧することにより５０〜
１　、０００ｍ＋の粗粒とし、次に該粗粒を真空中もし
くは不活性雰囲気中で１．０００℃以下で加熱処理する
ことにより粗粒内の結晶組織を実質的に３０Ｍ以上に粒
成長させた後、機械的粉砕法により３０趨以下の粒子に
形成し配向性の高い永久磁石用粉末を得ることであり、
その粉末を圧縮成形することにより得る圧粉体永久磁石
、さらに好ましくは成形体を１００Ｏｅ以上の磁界中で
５００〜９００℃の温度で加熱すること、また成形体の
空隙に樹脂を含浸することにより硬化させる樹脂結合永
久磁石、そして成形体を１　、　Ｃｏｏ〜１　、２００
℃の温度で焼結する永久磁石の製造方法である。
ガスアトマイズ後の粗粒径が５０ｓ未満では超急冷化に
より１膚以下の微結晶となり、１，０００頭を越えると
後の工程でさらに微粉化するときに機械的粉砕が困難と
なる。また粒径の３０Ｊは磁気的異方性化するのに最小
なこの大きさを得る必要がある。１００Ｏｅ未満の磁界
では十分な磁界効果が得られず、その磁界中において５
００℃未満では磁界効果による減磁曲線の角型性の改善
が顕著でなく、９００℃を越える加熱では保磁力の増加
が得られない。焼結温度が１，０００℃未満では完全な
緻密体とならないし、１，２００℃を越えると逆に溶融
してしまうので、これらの数値はその範囲に限定される
。
［実施例１］ Ｎｄ　（ＦｅＯ，７８°８０．１４Ｂ０．０８）　５．
９合金を溶融状態から不活性ガスアトマイズ法で噴霧す
ることにより５０〜１００鴻の粉体（１）と、粉体（１
）を１，０００℃、６時間加熱処理し６００℃、１時間
で熱処理した粉体（２）をそれぞれ試料振動型磁力計（
ＶＳＭ）で磁気特性を測定した。第１図、第２図は、そ
れぞれガスアトマイズ後の粉体（１）を４，０００℃。
６時間加熱処理した本発明による粉体（２］、未処理の
粉体（１）のエツチング後の金属１Ｎ織の光学顕微鏡写
真であり、粉体（１）には粒界が存在しているのに対し
て、本発明による粉体（２）には粒界が存在していない
ことが分かる。また第３図に示すようにガスアトマイズ
後において１，０００℃の加熱処理によって得られた粉
体（ａの方が減磁曲線の角型性が改善されていることが
明らかである。
［実施例２］ 実施例１のガスアトマイズ粉を３０分間振動ミルにより
粉砕して約４屑の粒子とし次に１０ＫＯｅの磁界中にお
いて４ｔ／（：ｉで圧縮成形することにより圧粉体永久
磁石（３）を（す、次に真空中、　５ＫＯｅの磁界中に
おいて７００℃、１時間の加熱処理を施して磁石体（４
）を得た。それぞれ磁気特性を測定したところ第４図に
示す結果となった。ガスアトマイズ後において、５ＫＯ
ｅのｖｉ！ｉ界中における７００℃の加熱処理によって
得られた磁石体（４）の方が、減磁曲線の角型性が改善
されていることが明らかである。
［実施例３］ 実施例１のガスアトマイズ粉を３０分間振動ミルにより
粉砕して約４虜の粒子（５）としたものと、同じガスア
トマイズ粉を真空中１，０００℃、６時間加熱処理し、
３０分間振動ミルにより粉砕して約４４の粒子（６）と
したものを、それぞれ１０ＫＯｅの磁界中において４ｔ
／ｃｉで圧縮成形し、１，０００℃、１時間の焼結を行
なった。焼結後６５０℃。
１時間熱処理し、それぞれ磁気特性を測定したところ第
５図の結果が得られた。ガスアトマイズ後において　１
，０００℃の加熱処理によって得られた磁石（６）の方
が、減磁曲線の角型性が改善されていることが明らかで
ある。
［発明の効果］ 以上のように、単にガスアトマイズした状態の微細な複
合１＠織の粗粒を、そのままあるいは＾機内に粉砕した
後に成形体とする製造方法は粒子の磁気整列が充分に達
成できないので、工業的優位性は粉砕工程の簡素化にの
み留まり、成形体磁石の減磁曲線の劣化を誘引するが、
本発明によりガスアトマイズ後、９００〜＋、０００℃
の加熱処理により粗粒内の結晶組織を実質的に３０虜以
上に粒成長させる前処理をｆｉｔ！ｉすことにより、配
向性の高い材料を得られることが判明した。
【図面の簡単な説明】
第１図、第２図は、それぞれガスアトマイズ後の本発明
によるものと従来の粉体を比較したエツチング後の金属
組織の光学顕微鏡写真である（倍率　Ｘ４００）。 第３図は従来と本発明による粉体を比較した試料振動型
磁力計（ＶＳＭ）による減磁曲線を示す。 第４図は従来と本発明による粉体を比較した磁気特性の
減磁曲線を示す。 第５図は従来と本発明による粉体の焼結磁石を比較した
磁気特性の減磁曲線を示す。 １．３．５：従来品 ２．４．６：本発明品 特許出願人　並木精密宝石株式会社 図　　　　　　面 第　　１　　図 第　　２　　図 第３図 第４ｗｉ 第５図

Claims (5)

    【特許請求の範囲】
  1. （１）Ｒ（Ｔ＿１＿−＿ｙＭ＿ｙ）＿ｚ（ＲはＹを含む
    希土類金属の一種もしくは二種以上、ＴはＦｅもしくは
    Ｆｅ、Ｃｏを主体とする遷移金属、ＭはＢを主体とする
    メタロイド元素、０．０２≦ｙ≦０．１５、５≦ｚ≦９
    ）で規定される組成合金において、該合金を溶融状態か
    ら不活性ガスアトマイズ法で噴霧することにより５０〜
    １、０００μｍの粗粒を得、次に該粗粒を真空中もしく
    は不活性雰囲気中で加熱処理した後、機械的粉砕法によ
    り３０μｍ以下の粒子に形成し、次に圧縮成形すること
    を特徴とした圧粉体永久磁石の製造方法。
  2. （２）成形体を１００Ｏｅ以上の磁界中で５００〜９０
    ０℃の温度で加熱した特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の
    圧粉体永久磁石の製造方法。
  3. （３）成形体の空隙に樹脂を含浸することにより硬化さ
    せた特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の樹脂結合永久磁石
    の製造方法。
  4. （４）加熱処理後、成形体の空隙に樹脂を含浸すること
    により硬化させた特許請求の範囲第（２）項記載の樹脂
    結合永久磁石の製造方法。
  5. （５）成形体を１、０００〜１、２００℃の温度で焼結
    した特許請求の範囲第（１）項記載の永久磁石の製造方
    法。
JP61134865A 1986-06-12 1986-06-12 永久磁石の製造方法 Pending JPS62291904A (ja)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61134865A JPS62291904A (ja) 1986-06-12 1986-06-12 永久磁石の製造方法
US07/060,414 US4801340A (en) 1986-06-12 1987-06-11 Method for manufacturing permanent magnets

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP61134865A JPS62291904A (ja) 1986-06-12 1986-06-12 永久磁石の製造方法

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS62291904A true JPS62291904A (ja) 1987-12-18

Family

ID=15138281

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP61134865A Pending JPS62291904A (ja) 1986-06-12 1986-06-12 永久磁石の製造方法

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US4801340A (ja)
JP (1) JPS62291904A (ja)

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JPH03174486A (ja) * 1989-07-31 1991-07-29 Toshiba Corp 蓄冷材およびその製造方法
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