JP7402390B2 - 合成植物油及びこれを含む環境親和型-難燃性油圧作動油の組成物及びその製造方法 - Google Patents
合成植物油及びこれを含む環境親和型-難燃性油圧作動油の組成物及びその製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7402390B2 JP7402390B2 JP2021545291A JP2021545291A JP7402390B2 JP 7402390 B2 JP7402390 B2 JP 7402390B2 JP 2021545291 A JP2021545291 A JP 2021545291A JP 2021545291 A JP2021545291 A JP 2021545291A JP 7402390 B2 JP7402390 B2 JP 7402390B2
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003209 petroleum derivative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013824 polyphenols Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012430 stability testing Methods 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003463 sulfur Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004108 vegetable carbon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012712 vegetable carbon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019871 vegetable fat Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明は、前記問題を解決するためのもので、植物由来の脂肪酸とグリセリンを用いて触媒を使用しないながらも、水洗工程も排除した合成工程であって、環境にやさしい植物性グリセリン-エステルを合成できる、グリセリン-エステル系潤滑油基油の製造方法を提供することにある。
本発明の一実施形態により、本発明に係るグリセリン-エステル系潤滑油基油の製造方法を用いてグリセリン-エステルを合成するステップ、及び前記グリセリン-エステル及び難燃性添加剤を配合して油圧作動油の組成物を製造するステップを含む難燃性油圧作動油組成物の製造方法に関する。
本発明の一実施形態により、グリセリン-エステル系潤滑油基油及び酸化防止剤と極圧及び耐摩耗性添加剤を含み、前記グリセリン-エステル系潤滑油基油は、天然植物油から抽出され、炭素数10~22の脂肪酸のうち1種以上の脂肪酸を含む原料物質とグリセリンの反応で形成されたグリセリン-エステルを含む環境親和型-難燃性油圧作動油の組成物に関する。
実施形態1-1
表1により、グリセリン(16重量%)及び炭素数10の脂肪酸(84重量%)を不活性ガスで満たされた反応器内に投入し、100℃~260℃温度及び10リットル~400リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら7時間内~12時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、ヨウ素値及び色を測定して表1に示した。
表1により、グリセリン(15重量%)及び炭素数10+炭素数12の脂肪酸(85重量%)を適用し、100℃~260℃温度及び10リットル~400リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら7時間内~12時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、ヨウ素値及び色を測定して表1に示した。
表1により、グリセリン(10重量%)及び炭素数18+炭素数22の脂肪酸(90重量%)を適用し、100℃~350℃温度及び10リットル~500リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら6時間内~10時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、ヨウ素値及び色を測定して表1に示した。
表1により、グリセリン(9.5重量%)及び炭素数22の脂肪酸(90.5重量%)を適用し、100℃~350℃温度及び10~500リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら6時間内~10時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、ヨウ素値及び色を測定して表1に示した。
表1により、グリセリン(10.5重量%)及び炭素数10~22混合(89.5重量%)を適用し、100℃~350℃温度及び10~700リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら6時間内~12時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、ヨウ素値及び色を測定して表1に示した。
表1により、グリセリン(10.5重量%)及び炭素数10~22混合(89.5重量%)を適用し、100℃~350℃温度及び10リットル~1000リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら6時間内~10時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、ヨウ素値及び色を測定して表1に示した。
実施形態2:環境にやさしい油圧作動油の製造
表2に提示すように、成分及び含量(単位:重量部)により、実施形態1で製造されたグリセリン-エステル系潤滑油基油、添加剤、及びその他の添加剤を配合して油圧作動油の組成物を製造した。製造された油圧作動油組成物の物性分及び性能を測定して表2に示した。
注2)試験機:Shell式の4球試験機(1200rpm、40kg/cm2)、試験方法:ASTM D2266
注3)試験機:Shell式4球試験機(1760rpm、kg/cm2)、試験方法:ASTM2596
注4)試験機:SRV Test(1mm、200N、40℃、50Hz)
図1に油圧作動油と鉱油系油圧作動油のSRV(1mm、200N、40℃、50Hz)摩擦係数を比較して示した。鉱油系及び合成系の油圧作動油は、一般市中で得られる耐摩耗性の油圧作動油である。即ち、油圧作動油は、API規格GroupIIの潤滑油基油で製造された国際粘度規格(ISOVG)46及び68に適切なものである。
(2)生分解度(Biodegradable)測定
実施形態2の環境親和性を確認するために生分解度を測定し、その結果は表3に示した。
次のように、合成植物油(グリセリン-エステル)を準備した。
グリセリン(16.0重量%)及び全体炭素数36(炭素数10ないし炭素数14)の混合脂肪酸(84重量%)を適用し、100℃~300℃温度及び10~700リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら6時間内~12時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、及びヨウ素値を測定して表4に示した。
グリセリン(15.0重量%)及び全体炭素数42(炭素数10ないし炭素数16)の混合脂肪酸(85重量%)を適用し、100℃~300℃温度及び10~700リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら6時間内~12時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、及びヨウ素値を測定して表4に示した。
グリセリン(14.5重量%)及び全体炭素数48(炭素数14ないし炭素数18)の混合脂肪酸(85.5重量%)を適用し、100℃~300℃温度及び10~700リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら6時間内~12時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、及びヨウ素値を測定して表4に示した。
グリセリン(13.5重量%)及び全体炭素数50(炭素数14ないし炭素数18)の混合脂肪酸(86.5重量%)を適用し、100℃~300℃温度及び10~700リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら6時間内~12時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、及びヨウ素値を測定して表4に示した。
グリセリン(13.5重量%)及び全体炭素数50(炭素数14ないし炭素数18)の混合脂肪酸(86.5重量%)を適用し、100℃~300℃温度及び10~700リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら6時間内~12時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、及びヨウ素値を測定して表4に示した。
グリセリン(12.5重量%)及び全体炭素数54(炭素数14ないし炭素数22)の混合脂肪酸(87.5重量%)を適用し、100℃~320℃温度及び10~700リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら6時間内~12時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、及びヨウ素値を測定して表4に示した。
グリセリン(12.0重量%)及び全体炭素数54(炭素数14ないし炭素数22)の混合脂肪酸(88.0重量%)を適用し、100℃~320℃温度及び10~700リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら6時間内~12時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、及びヨウ素値を測定して表4に示した。
グリセリン(11.0重量%)及び全体炭素数54(炭素数14ないし炭素数22)の混合脂肪酸(89.0重量%)を適用し、100℃~350℃温度及び10~1000リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら6時間内~12時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、及びヨウ素値を測定して表4に示した。
グリセリン(10.0重量%)及び全体炭素数60(炭素数16ないし炭素数22)の混合脂肪酸(90.0重量%)を適用し、100℃~350℃温度及び10~1000リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら6時間内~12時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、及びヨウ素値を測定して表4に示した。
グリセリン(9.5重量%)及び全体炭素数66(炭素数18ないし炭素数22)の混合脂肪酸(90.5重量%)を適用し、100℃~350℃温度及び10~1000リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら6時間内~12時間の間に反応を行った。取得した生成物の遊離脂肪酸(FFA)、動粘度、及びヨウ素値を測定して表4に示した。
2.添加剤の準備
表5~表8にそれぞれ難燃性添加剤、酸化防止剤、耐荷重及び耐摩耗性添加剤を準備した。
(1)難燃性油圧作動油の組成物の製造
表4の合成植物油(グリセリン-エステル)を潤滑油基油として使用し、難燃性添加剤(表5)、酸化防止剤(表6)及び耐荷重及び耐摩耗性添加剤(表7)を混合して難燃性油圧作動油の組成物を製造した。具体的な組成については表8~表9に示した。
表10のとおりに製造された難燃性油圧作動油の組成物の魚毒性、酸化安定性、難燃性及び潤滑性の試験条件により物性及び性能を測定し、その結果は表8~表9に示した。
高圧噴霧点火試験-機械振興協力会技術研究所法(日本)により、噴霧火災試験を実施して図2に示した。図2には、実施形態3-7と石油系の市販製品をイメージで示した。
実施形態3-14と鉱油系の市販製品として油圧作動油オイルを変更した後、電気消耗量の変化を測定して図3に示した。
表9~表8を察すると、本発明に係る合成植物油(グリセリン-エステル)を潤滑油基油と難燃性添加剤、酸化防除紙、増粘及び粘度指数向上剤、耐荷重及び耐摩耗向上剤、腐食防止剤、流動点降下剤及びその他の改質剤を添加して製造した環境親和型-難燃性油圧作動油は、魚毒性(ミジンコ試験)の試験で優れた結果を取得し、抜群の難燃性成果を取得し、油圧作動油に対するSRVtest(摩擦、摩耗、振動)Shell 4-Ball testで極めて優れた結果を取得し、酸化防止性能についても良好な結果を取得した。
Claims (3)
- 天然植物油から抽出され、炭素数10~22の脂肪酸のうち1種以上を含む植物由来の脂肪酸を含む原料物質と、グリセリンを含む原料物質とを、反応器に投入するステップ、及び
反応容器に投入された、天然植物油から抽出され、炭素数10~22の脂肪酸のうち1種以上を含む植物由来の脂肪酸とグリセリンとを含む原料物質から、前記反応容器内で100℃~350℃の反応温度及び不活性ガスの雰囲気で、反応時間6~12時間の間に、植物性グリセリン-エステルを合成するステップを含み、
前記反応容器に投入された前記グリセリン対前記脂肪酸を含む原料物質は、9.5:90.5~16.0:84の比率(質量比)であり、
前記植物性グリセリン-エステルを合成するステップでは、複数の温度区間を設定し、当該複数の温度区間は、100℃~180℃の温度範囲を有する第1温度区間、200℃~230℃の温度範囲を有する第2温度区間、及び250℃~350℃の温度範囲を有する第3温度区間を含み、
反応開始後250℃以上の温度に加熱する際に、前記第1温度区間、前記第2温度区間及び前記第3温度区間の順に各温度区間を経過させて植物性グリセリン-エステルを合成し、前記第3温度区間において遊離脂肪酸(FFA(%) as % oleic acid)が1.0以下又は0.5以下である場合に合成を終了する、
前記植物性グリセリン-エステルが、下記の化式(1)に表示される、トリグリセリドの形態である、
無触媒及び無水洗工程である、
植物性グリセリン-エステル系潤滑油基油の製造方法。 - 反応容器に投入された、天然植物油から抽出され、炭素数10~22の脂肪酸のうち1種以上を含む植物由来の脂肪酸とグリセリンとを含む原料物質から、前記反応容器内で100℃~350℃の反応温度及び不活性ガスの雰囲気で、反応時間6~12時間の間に、植物性グリセリン-エステルを合成するステップを含み、
前記反応容器に投入された前記グリセリン対前記脂肪酸を含む原料物質は、9.5:90.5~16.0:84の比率(質量比)であり、
前記植物性グリセリン-エステルを合成するステップでは、複数の温度区間を設定し、当該複数の温度区間は、100℃~180℃の温度範囲を有する第1温度区間、200℃~230℃の温度範囲を有する第2温度区間、及び250℃~350℃の温度範囲を有する第3温度区間を含み、
反応開始後250℃以上の温度に加熱する際に、前記第1温度区間、前記第2温度区間及び前記第3温度区間の順に各温度区間を経過させて植物性グリセリン-エステルを合成し、前記第3温度区間において遊離脂肪酸(FFA(%) as % oleic acid)が1.0以下又は0.5以下である場合に合成を終了する、
前記植物性グリセリン-エステルが、下記の化式(1)に表示される、トリグリセリドの形態である、
無触媒及び無水洗工程である、
植物性グリセリン-エステル系潤滑油基油の製造方法。 - 前記植物性グリセリン-エステルを合成するステップは、10リットル~1000リットルの不活性ガスを投入しながら反応を行う、請求項1に記載の植物性グリセリン-エステル系潤滑油基油の製造方法。
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