JP6932579B2 - 多層フィルムの製造方法 - Google Patents
多層フィルムの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6932579B2 JP6932579B2 JP2017151196A JP2017151196A JP6932579B2 JP 6932579 B2 JP6932579 B2 JP 6932579B2 JP 2017151196 A JP2017151196 A JP 2017151196A JP 2017151196 A JP2017151196 A JP 2017151196A JP 6932579 B2 JP6932579 B2 JP 6932579B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- acrylic resin
- mol
- mirror surface
- multilayer film
- glass transition
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/001—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations
- B29C48/0011—Combinations of extrusion moulding with other shaping operations combined with compression moulding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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Description
(A)押出機とTダイとを備える共押出装置を使用し、第1アクリル系樹脂層(α1);芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂層(β);第2アクリル系樹脂層(α2);が、この順に直接積層された多層フィルムの溶融フィルムを、Tダイから連続的に共押出する工程;
(B)回転する又は循環する第1鏡面体と、回転する又は循環する第2鏡面体との間に、上記多層フィルムの溶融フィルムを、上記第1アクリル系樹脂層(α1)が、上記第1鏡面体側となるように供給投入し、押圧する工程;及び、
(C)上記工程(B)において押圧された多層フィルムを上記第1鏡面体に抱かせて次の回転する又は循環する第3鏡面体へと送り出す工程;
を含み、下記式(1)〜(3)を満たす方法である。
(Tα1−15)≦TR1≦(Tα1+10) ・・・(1)
(Tα2−25)≦TR2<(Tα2+5) ・・・(2)
(Tβ−20)≦TR1 ・・・(3)
ここで、TR1は上記第1鏡面体の表面温度、TR2は上記第2鏡面体の表面温度、Tα1は上記第1アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tα2は上記第2アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tβは上記芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂のガラス転移温度である。温度の単位は何れも℃である。
(Tβ−Tα1)≦30 ・・・(4‐1)
(Tβ−Tα2)≦30 ・・・(4‐2)
ここで、Tα1は上記第1アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tα2は上記第2アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tβは上記芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂のガラス転移温度である。温度の単位は何れも℃である。
(Tβ−Tα1)≦30 ・・・(4‐1)
(Tβ−Tα2)≦30 ・・・(4‐2)
ここで、TR1は上記第1鏡面体の表面温度、TR2は上記第2鏡面体の表面温度、Tα1は上記第1アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tα2は上記第2アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tβは上記芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂のガラス転移温度である。温度の単位は何れも℃である。
(イ)全光線透過率85%以上。
(ロ)レタデーションが75nm以下。
(ハ)JIS K7209:2009のA法に従い、浸漬時間24時間の条件で測定した吸水率が1質量%以下。
本発明の多層フィルムの製造方法は、(A)押出機とTダイとを備える共押出装置を使用し、第1アクリル系樹脂層(α1);芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂層(β);第2アクリル系樹脂層(α2);が、この順に直接積層された多層フィルムの溶融フィルムを、Tダイから連続的に共押出する工程;(B)回転する又は循環する第1鏡面体と、回転する又は循環する第2鏡面体との間に、上記多層フィルムの溶融フィルムを、上記第1アクリル系樹脂層(α1)が、上記第1鏡面体側となるように供給投入し、押圧する工程;及び、(C)上記工程(B)において押圧された多層フィルムを上記第1鏡面体に抱かせて次の回転する又は循環する第3鏡面体へと送り出す工程;を含む。
ケミカルシフト基準 装置による自動設定
測定モード シングルパルス
パルス幅 45°(5.0μ秒)
ポイント数 32K
測定範囲 15ppm(−2.5〜12.5ppm)
繰り返し時間 10.0秒
積算回数 16回
測定温度 25℃
ウインドウ関数 exponential(BF:0.16Hz)
ケミカルシフト基準 装置による自動設定
測定モード シングルパルスプロトンブロードバンドデカップリング
パルス幅 45°(5.0μ秒)
ポイント数 64K
測定範囲 250ppm(−25〜225ppm)
繰り返し時間 5.5秒
積算回数 128回
測定温度 25℃
ウインドウ関数 exponential(BF:1.00Hz)
ケミカルシフト基準 装置による自動設定
測定モード シングルパルス
パルス幅 45°(6.91μ秒)
ポイント数 32K
測定範囲 15ppm(−2.5〜12.5ppm)
繰り返し時間 7.0秒
積算回数 512回
測定温度 25℃
ウインドウ関数 exponential(BF:0.12Hz)
ケミカルシフト基準 装置による自動設定
測定モード シングルパルスプロトンブロードバンドデカップリング
パルス幅 30°(3.70μ秒)
ポイント数 32K
測定範囲 250ppm(−25〜225ppm)
繰り返し時間 3.0秒
積算回数 15000回
測定温度 25℃
ウインドウ関数 exponential(BF:1.00Hz)
(Tα1−15)≦TR1≦(Tα1+10) ・・・(1)
(Tα2−25)≦TR2<(Tα2+5) ・・・(2)
(Tβ−20)≦TR1 ・・・(3)
ここで、TR1は上記第1鏡面体の表面温度、TR2は上記第2鏡面体の表面温度、Tα1は上記第1アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tα2は上記第2アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tβは上記芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂のガラス転移温度である。温度の単位は何れも℃である。ガラス転移温度の定義、及び測定方法については上述した。
(Tβ−Tα1)≦30 ・・・(4‐1)
(Tβ−Tα2)≦30 ・・・(4‐2)
TR2<TR1 ・・・(5)
(Tβ−20)≦TR3 ・・・(6)
ここで、TR3は上記第3鏡面体の表面温度である。温度の単位は何れも℃である。
本発明の多層フィルムは、第1アクリル系樹脂層(α1);芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂層(β);第2アクリル系樹脂層(α2);が、この順に直接積層され;上記芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂のガラス転移温度(Tβ)が100〜140℃であり、下記式(4‐1)、及び(4‐2)を満たす多層フィルムである。
(Tβ−Tα1)≦30 ・・・(4‐1)
(Tβ−Tα2)≦30 ・・・(4‐2)
Tα1は上記第1アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tα2は上記第2アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tβは上記芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂のガラス転移温度である。温度の単位は何れも℃である。ガラス転移温度の定義、及び測定方法については上述した。
本発明のハードコート積層フィルムは、本発明の多層フィルムの少なくとも片面の上に、好ましくは反り変形を抑制する観点から両方の面の上に、ハードコートを有するハードコート積層フィルムである。
本発明の物品は、本発明の多層フィルムやハードコート積層フィルムを含む物品である。上記物品としては、特に制限されないが、例えば、液晶ディスプレイ、プラズマディスプレイ、及びエレクトロルミネセンスディスプレイなどの画像表示装置(タッチパネル機能を有する画像表示装置及びタッチパネル機能を有しない画像表示装置を含む。)並びにこれらのディスプレイ面板、透明導電性基板、及び筐体などの部材;テレビ、パソコン、タブレット型情報機器、スマートフォン、及びこれらの筐体やディスプレイ面板;冷蔵庫、洗濯機、食器棚、衣装棚、及びこれらを構成するパネル;建築物の窓や扉など;車両、車両の窓、風防、ルーフウインドウ、及びインストルメントパネルなど;電子看板、及びこれらの保護板;及びショーウインドウなどをあげることができる。
(イ)全光線透過率:
JIS K 7361−1:1997に従い、日本電色工業株式会社の濁度計「NDH2000(商品名)」を用いて測定した。
王子計測機器株式会社の平行ニコル回転法による位相差測定装置「KOBRA−WR(商品名)」を用いて測定した。
JIS K7209:2009のA法に従い、多層フィルムから採取した正方形(マシン方向50mm×横方向50mm)の試験片を用い、浸漬時間24時間の条件で測定した。
フィルムの横方向の中央部、左端部、右端部の3箇所について、フィルムのマシン方向に10m毎に5箇所の計15箇所から、マシン方向15cm×横方向7cmのサンプルを採取し、温度85℃、相対湿度85%で16時処理した後、サンプルを凸反りとなっている面を下向きにして水平面に置いた際の4隅の反り変形による浮き上がり高さを測定した。結果の表には、全15サンプル各4カ所のうち最も悪い(反り変形による浮き上がり高さが最も大きい)ものを記載した。反り変形による浮き上がりの高さは、好ましくは8mm以下、より好ましくは5mm以下、更に好ましくは3mm以下であってよい。反り変形は小さい程好ましい。
JIS K 7105:1981に従い、島津製作所社製の色度計「SolidSpec−3700(商品名)」を用いて測定した。
フィルム表面(両方の面)を、蛍光灯の光の入射角をいろいろと変えて当てながら目視観察し、以下の基準で評価した。
◎:表面にうねりや傷がない。間近に光を透かし見ても、曇感がない。
○:間近に見ると、表面にうねりや傷を僅かに認める。間近に光を透かし見ると、僅かな曇感がある。
△:表面にうねりや傷を認めることができる。また曇感がある。
×:表面にうねりや傷を多数認めることができる。また明らかな曇感がある。
(α)アクリル系樹脂:
(α‐1)重合性モノマーに由来する構造単位の総和を100モル%として、メチルメタクリレートに由来する構造単位を76.8モル%の量で、及びビニルシクロヘキサンに由来する構造単位を23.2モル%の量で含むアクリル系樹脂。なお各構造単位の含有量は1H−NMRを使用して測定した。ガラス転移温度117℃。
(α‐2)エボニック社のポリ(メタ)アクリルイミド「PLEXIMID TT50(商品名)」。ガラス転移温度150℃。
(α‐3)エボニック社のポリ(メタ)アクリルイミド「PLEXIMID TT70(商品名)」。ガラス転移温度175℃。
(β‐1)芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構造単位と脂肪族ジカルボン酸に由来する構造単位の和を100モル%として、芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物(ビスフェノールA)に由来する構造単位を91.8モル%、脂肪族ジカルボン酸(セバシン酸)に由来する構造単位を8.2モル%の量で含む芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂。なお各構造単位の含有量は1H−NMRを使用して測定した。ガラス転移温度127℃。
(β‐2)住化スタイロンポリカーボネート株式会社の芳香族ポリカーボネート「カリバー301−4(商品名)」。ガラス転移温度151℃。
(A)図1に概念図を示す構成の共押出装置を使用した。両外層用押出機1により上記(α-1)を両外層((α1)層及び(α2)層)として、中間層用押出機2により上記(β-1)を中間層として、(α1)層;(β)層;(α2)層;が、この順に直接積層された多層フィルムの溶融フィルム4を、マルチマニホールド方式の2種3層共押出Tダイ3から連続的に共押出した。
(B)回転する第1鏡面ロール5と回転する第2鏡面ロール6との間に、溶融フィルム4を、(α1)層が、第1鏡面ロール5側となるように供給投入し、押圧した。
(C)押圧された多層フィルムは第1鏡面ロール5に抱かせて、次の回転する第3鏡面ロール8へと送り出し、全厚み250μm、(α1)層の層厚み60μm、(β)層の層厚み130μm、(α2)層の層厚み60μmの多層フィルムを得た。このとき共押出Tダイの温度は270℃、第1鏡面ロールの表面温度は120℃、第2鏡面ロールの表面温度は115℃、及び第3鏡面ロールの表面温度は120℃に設定した。また引取速度6.5m/分であった。
上記試験(イ)〜(へ)を行った。結果を表1に示す。
第1鏡面ロール、第2鏡面ロール、及び第3鏡面ロールの表面温度を表1に示すように変更したこと以外は、例1と同様に行った。結果を表1に示す。
上記(α‐1)の替わりに上記(α‐2)を、上記(β‐1)の替わりに上記(β‐2)を用い、第1鏡面ロールの表面温度は140℃、第2鏡面ロールの表面温度は135℃、及び第3鏡面ロールの表面温度は140℃に設定したこと以外は、例1と同様に行った。結果を表1に示す。
上記(α‐1)の替わりに上記(α‐2)を、上記(β‐1)の替わりに上記(β‐2)を用い、第1鏡面ロールの表面温度は130℃、第2鏡面ロールの表面温度は120℃、及び第3鏡面ロールの表面温度は130℃に設定したこと以外は、例1と同様に行った。結果を表1に示す。
上記(α‐1)の替わりに上記(α‐3)を、上記(β‐1)の替わりに上記(β‐2)を用い、第1鏡面ロールの表面温度は160℃、第2鏡面ロールの表面温度は140℃、及び第3鏡面ロールの表面温度は160℃に設定したこと以外は、例1と同様に行った。結果を表1に示す。
上記(β‐1)の替わりに上記(β‐2)を用いたこと以外は、例1と同様に行った。結果を表1に示す。
2:中間層用押出機
3:マルチマニホールド形式の2種3層共押出Tダイ
4:Tダイから共押出された多層フィルムの溶融フィルム
5:第1鏡面ロール
6:第2鏡面ロール
7:第1鏡面ロールから第3鏡面体へと送り出される多層フィルム
8:第3鏡面ロール
Claims (15)
- 多層フィルムの製造方法であって、
(A)押出機とTダイとを備える共押出装置を使用し、第1アクリル系樹脂層(α1);芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂層(β);第2アクリル系樹脂層(α2);が、この順に直接積層された多層フィルムの溶融フィルムを、Tダイから連続的に共押出する工程;
(B)回転する又は循環する第1鏡面体と、回転する又は循環する第2鏡面体との間に、上記多層フィルムの溶融フィルムを、上記第1アクリル系樹脂層(α1)が、上記第1鏡面体側となるように供給投入し、押圧する工程;及び、
(C)上記工程(B)において押圧された多層フィルムを上記第1鏡面体に抱かせて次の回転する又は循環する第3鏡面体へと送り出す工程;
を含み、下記式(1)〜(3)を満たす方法。
(Tα1−15)≦TR1≦(Tα1+10) ・・・(1)
(Tα2−25)≦TR2<(Tα2+5) ・・・(2)
(Tβ−15)≦TR1 ・・・(3)
ここで、TR1は上記第1鏡面体の表面温度、TR2は上記第2鏡面体の表面温度、Tα1は上記第1アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tα2は上記第2アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tβは上記芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂のガラス転移温度である。温度の単位は何れも℃である。
- 更に下記式(4‐1)及び(4‐2)を満たす請求項1に記載の方法。
(Tβ−Tα1)≦30 ・・・(4‐1)
(Tβ−Tα2)≦30 ・・・(4‐2)
ここで、Tα1は上記第1アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tα2は上記第2アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tβは上記芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂のガラス転移温度である。温度の単位は何れも℃である。
- 上記芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂のガラス転移温度が100〜140℃である請求項1又は2に記載の方法。
- 上記芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂が、芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構造単位と脂肪族ジカルボン酸に由来する構造単位の和を100モル%として、芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構造単位を99〜80モル%の量で、及び脂肪族ジカルボン酸に由来する構造単位を1〜20モル%の量で含む請求項1〜3の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 上記第1アクリル系樹脂と上記第2アクリル系樹脂が同じアクリル系樹脂であり、重合性モノマーに由来する構造単位の総和を100モル%として、メチル(メタ)アクリレートに由来する構造単位を50〜95モル%の量で、及びビニルシクロヘキサンに由来する構造単位を50〜5モル%の量で含む請求項1〜4の何れか1項に記載の方法。
- 更に下記式(5)を満たす、請求項1〜5の何れか1項に記載の方法:
TR 2 <TR 1 ・・・(5)
ここで、TR 1 は上記第1鏡面体の表面温度、TR 2 は上記第2鏡面体の表面温度である。
- 更に下記式(6)を満たす、請求項1〜6の何れか1項に記載の方法:
(Tβ−20)≦TR 3 ・・・(6)
ここで、TR 3 は上記第3鏡面体の表面温度であり、Tβは上記芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂層(β)を構成する芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂のガラス転移温度であり、温度の単位は何れも℃である。
- ハードコート積層フィルムの製造方法であって、請求項1〜7の何れか1項に記載の方法により多層フィルムを生産する工程;及び、上記工程で得られた多層フィルムの少なくとも片面の上にハードコートを形成する工程;を含む方法。
- 物品の製造方法であって、請求項1〜7の何れか1項に記載の方法により多層フィルムを生産する工程又は請求項8に記載の方法によりハードコート積層フィルムを生産する工程;及び、上記工程で得られた多層フィルム又はハードコート積層フィルムを使用して物品を生産する工程を含む方法。
- 第1アクリル系樹脂層(α1);芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂層(β);第2アクリル系樹脂層(α2);が、この順に直接積層され;
上記芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂のガラス転移温度が100〜140℃であり;
下記式(4‐1)及び(4‐2)、並びに下記特性(イ)及び(ロ)を満たす多層フィルム。
(Tβ−Tα1)≦30 ・・・(4‐1)
(Tβ−Tα2)≦30 ・・・(4‐2)
(イ)全光線透過率85%以上。
(ロ)レタデーションが75nm以下。
ここで、TR1は上記第1鏡面体の表面温度、TR2は上記第2鏡面体の表面温度、Tα1は上記第1アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tα2は上記第2アクリル系樹脂のガラス転移温度、Tβは上記芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂のガラス転移温度である。温度の単位は何れも℃である。
- 上記芳香族ポリカーボネート系樹脂が、芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構造単位と脂肪族ジカルボン酸に由来する構造単位の和を100モル%として、芳香族ジヒドロキシ化合物に由来する構造単位を99〜80モル%の量で、及び脂肪族ジカルボン酸に由来する構造単位を1〜20モル%の量で含む請求項10に記載の多層フィルム。
- 上記第1アクリル系樹脂と上記第2アクリル系樹脂が同じアクリル系樹脂であり、重合性モノマーに由来する構造単位の総和を100モル%として、メチル(メタ)アクリレートに由来する構造単位を50〜95モル%の量で、及びビニルシクロヘキサンに由来する構造単位を50〜5モル%の量で含む請求項10又は11に記載の多層フィルム。
- 更に下記特性(ハ)を満たす請求項10〜12の何れか1項に記載の多層フィルム。
(ハ)JIS K7209:2009のA法に従い、浸漬時間24時間の条件で測定した吸水率が1質量%以下。
- 請求項10〜13の何れか1項に記載の多層フィルムの少なくとも片面の上にハードコートを有するハードコート積層フィルム。
- 請求項10〜13の何れか1項に記載の多層フィルム又は請求項14に記載のハードコート積層フィルムを含む物品。
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