JP6415881B2 - マルチステージ電力コンバーターを用いて電気外科用エネルギーを発生させるシステムおよび方法 - Google Patents
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- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
- A61B2018/00696—Controlled or regulated parameters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B2018/00636—Sensing and controlling the application of energy
- A61B2018/00773—Sensed parameters
- A61B2018/00892—Voltage
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A61B18/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body
- A61B18/04—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating
- A61B18/12—Surgical instruments, devices or methods for transferring non-mechanical forms of energy to or from the body by heating by passing a current through the tissue to be heated, e.g. high-frequency current
- A61B18/1206—Generators therefor
- A61B2018/1286—Generators therefor having a specific transformer
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- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
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- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
- H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
- H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
- H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/06—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes without control electrode or semiconductor devices without control electrode
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/4815—Resonant converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Description
1.技術分野
本開示は、電気外科に関する。より詳しくは、本開示は、電気外科用エネルギーを発生させるためにマルチステージ電力コンバーターを使用する電気外科用発電機および方法に関する。
電気外科は、電気外科手順中に生物学的組織を切断または改変するために、高周波電流の印加を伴う。電気外科は、電気外科用発電機、活性電極、およびリターン電極を用いて実施される。電気外科用発電機(電源または波形発生器とも称される)は、交流(AC)を発生させ、交流(AC)は、活性電極を通って患者の組織に印加され、リターン電極を通って電気外科用発電機に戻される。交流は、代表的に、筋肉および/または神経刺激を避けるために、100キロヘルツ(kHz)より上の周波数を有する。
本開示の電気外科システムおよび方法は、電力制御中のインバーターの動的応答を改善し、組織インピーダンスの変化による電力偏差を減少させ、それは、所与の電力に対して組織中の熱の広がりを減少させる。本開示の電気外科システムおよび方法は、2ステージ型電力コンバーターを用い、この2ステージ型電力コンバーターは、電気外科手順中に処置される組織のインピーダンスに基づいて所望の電力レベルを提供する。2ステージ型電力コンバーターは、ブーストコンバーターと移相パルス幅変調(PS−PWM)共振インバーターとを含む。ブーストコンバーターは、入力直流を所望の直流に変換し、PS−PWM共振インバーターは、所望の直流を所与の電気外科手順に適した所望の交流に逆変換する。
(項目1)
電気外科用発電機であって、該電気外科用発電機は、
電気エネルギー源に連結されている電力コンバーターであって、該電力コンバーターは、電気外科用エネルギーを発生させるように構成され、該電力コンバーターは、
該電気エネルギー源からの第1の直流を第2の直流に変換するように構成されているブーストコンバーターと、
該第2の直流を交流に逆変換するように構成されている移相パルス幅変調(PS−PWM)共振インバーターと
を含む、電力コンバーターと、
発生させられた電気外科用エネルギーの電圧波形および電流波形を感知するように構成されている複数のセンサーと、
該電力コンバーターおよび該複数のセンサーに連結されているコントローラーと
を含み、該コントローラーは、
感知された電圧波形および電流波形に基づいて、組織インピーダンスを決定するように構成されている信号プロセッサーと、
出力コントローラーと
を含み、該出力コントローラーは、決定された組織インピーダンスに基づいて、複数の出力特性の中から1つを選択し、選択された出力特性に従って、該ブーストコンバーターを制御するための第1の制御信号と、該PS−PWM共振インバーターを制御するための第2の制御信号とを発生させるように構成されている、電気外科用発電機。
(項目2)
上記複数の出力特性は、一定電流出力特性と、一定電圧出力特性と、一定電力出力特性とを含む、上記項目に記載の電気外科用発電機。
(項目3)
上記出力コントローラーは、上記組織インピーダンスに基づいて、上記一定電流出力特性から上記一定電力出力特性にシフトし、該一定電力出力特性から上記一定電圧出力特性にシフトする、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の電気外科用発電機。
(項目4)
上記出力コントローラーは、上記組織インピーダンスが第1の所定の値未満の場合、上記一定電流出力特性を選択し、
該出力コントローラーは、該組織インピーダンスが該第1の所定の値以上、第2の所定の値未満の場合、上記一定電力出力特性を選択し、
該出力コントローラーは、該組織インピーダンスが該第2の所定の値以上、第3の所定の値未満の場合、上記一定電圧出力特性を選択し、
該第1の所定の値は、該第2の所定の値よりも小さく、該第2の所定の値は、該第3の所定の値よりも小さい、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の電気外科用発電機。
(項目5)
上記出力特性が一定電圧出力特性である場合、上記出力コントローラーは、電圧制御モード下で上記第1の制御信号を発生させ、固定された位相を有する上記第2の制御信号を発生させる、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の電気外科用発電機。
(項目6)
上記出力特性が一定電流出力特性である場合、上記出力コントローラーは、電圧制御モード下で上記第1の制御信号を発生させ、固定された位相を有する上記第2の制御信号を発生させる、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の電気外科用発電機。
(項目7)
上記出力特性が一定電力出力特性である場合、上記出力コントローラーは、電流プログラムモード下で上記第1の制御信号を発生させ、固定された位相を有する上記第2の制御信号を発生させる、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の電気外科用発電機。
(項目8)
上記出力特性が一定電圧出力特性、一定電流出力特性、および一定電力出力特性のうちのいずれの場合にも、上記出力コントローラーは、電流プログラムモード下で上記第1の制御信号を発生させ、固定された位相を有する上記第2の制御信号を発生させる、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の電気外科用発電機。
(項目9)
上記出力コントローラーは、上記PS−PWM共振インバーターの切り替え周波数よりも速い切り替え周波数で上記ブーストコンバーターを動作させる、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の電気外科用発電機。
(項目10)
上記ブーストコンバーターは、上記PS−PWM共振インバーターへの電圧および電流入力のリップルを低下させるために、複数のブーストコンバーターを含む、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の電気外科用発電機。
(項目11)
上記電気外科用発電機は、複数のアナログ−ディジタル変換器(ADC)をさらに含み、該複数のアナログ−ディジタル変換器(ADC)は、上記感知された電圧波形および電流波形をサンプリングして、該感知された電圧波形および電流波形の各々のサンプルの所定の数を得るように構成され、
該サンプルの所定の数は、該感知された電圧波形および電流波形のRF周波数の整数倍に対応している、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の電気外科用発電機。
(項目12)
上記複数のセンサーは、ロゴウスキーコイルを含む、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の電気外科用発電機。
(項目13)
上記コントローラーは、フィールドプログラマブルゲートアレイ、特定用途向け集積回路、またはディジタル信号プロセッサーにおいて実装されている、上記項目のうちのいずれか一項に記載の電気外科用発電機。
本開示に従う電気外科システムおよび方法は、電気外科用エネルギーを発生させるために、マルチステージ電力コンバーターを使用する。電気外科システムは、電力コンバーターを有する電気外科用発電機を含み、この電力コンバーターは、電気エネルギー源に連結され、電気外科用エネルギーを発生させるように構成されている。電力コンバーターは、電気エネルギー源からの第1の直流を第2の直流に変換するように構成されているブーストコンバーターと、第2の直流を交流に逆変換するように構成されている移相パルス幅変調(PS−PWM)共振インバーターとを含む。電気外科用発電機はまた、発生させられた電気外科用エネルギーの電圧および電流を感知するように構成されている複数のセンサーと、電力コンバーターおよび複数のセンサーに連結されているコントローラーとを含む。コントローラーは、感知された電圧および電流に基づいて、組織インピーダンスを決定するように構成されている信号プロセッサーと、決定された組織インピーダンスに基づいて、複数の出力特性のうちの1つを選択するように構成されている出力コントローラーとを含み、この出力コントローラーは、選択された出力特性に従って、ブーストコンバーターおよびPS−PWM共振インバーターを制御するために制御信号を発生させるように構成されている。
一定電流出力特性、一定電圧出力特性、および一定電力出力特性の中から出力特性を選択するために、代表的な方法は、出力電圧および電流の波形をサンプリングし、電力および/またはインピーダンスを計算し、これらの計算結果をディジタル補償器を通して送り、次に、出力電力コンバーターのバックコンバーターおよび共振インバーターの制御変数を調整する。これらのプロセスは、出力電力コンバーターの切り替え周波数と比較して、比較的遅いものであり、従って、出力電力コンバーターの制御プロセスが追いつき、システムが定常状態に到達するまで、所望の電力を過剰に送達するか、または不十分に送達する。従って、一定電流出力特性、一定電力出力特性、および一定電圧出力特性の間ですばやく切り替えることが望ましい。
Claims (12)
- 電気外科用発電機であって、該電気外科用発電機は、
電気エネルギー源に連結されている電力コンバーターであって、該電力コンバーターは、電気外科用エネルギーを発生させるように構成され、該電力コンバーターは、
該電気エネルギー源からの第1の直流を第2の直流に変換するように構成されているブーストコンバーターと、
該第2の直流を交流に逆変換するように構成されている移相パルス幅変調(PS−PWM)共振インバーターと
を含む、電力コンバーターと、
発生させられた電気外科用エネルギーの電圧波形および電流波形を感知するように構成されている複数のセンサーと、
該電力コンバーターおよび該複数のセンサーに連結されているコントローラーと
を含み、
該コントローラーは、
感知された電圧波形および電流波形に基づいて、組織インピーダンスを決定するように構成されている信号プロセッサーと、
出力コントローラーと
を含み、
該出力コントローラーは、決定された組織インピーダンスに基づいて、複数の出力特性の中から1つを選択し、選択された出力特性に従って、該ブーストコンバーターを制御するための第1の制御信号と、該PS−PWM共振インバーターを制御するための第2の制御信号とを発生させるように構成されており、
該出力コントローラーは、該PS−PWM共振インバーターの切り替え周波数よりも速い切り替え周波数で該ブーストコンバーターを動作させる、電気外科用発電機。 - 前記複数の出力特性は、一定電流出力特性と、一定電圧出力特性と、一定電力出力特性とを含む、請求項1に記載の電気外科用発電機。
- 前記出力コントローラーは、前記組織インピーダンスに基づいて、前記一定電流出力特性から前記一定電力出力特性にシフトし、該一定電力出力特性から前記一定電圧出力特性にシフトする、請求項2に記載の電気外科用発電機。
- 前記出力コントローラーは、前記組織インピーダンスが第1の所定の値未満の場合、前記一定電流出力特性を選択し、
該出力コントローラーは、該組織インピーダンスが該第1の所定の値以上、第2の所定の値未満の場合、前記一定電力出力特性を選択し、
該出力コントローラーは、該組織インピーダンスが該第2の所定の値以上、第3の所定の値未満の場合、前記一定電圧出力特性を選択し、
該第1の所定の値は、該第2の所定の値よりも小さく、該第2の所定の値は、該第3の所定の値よりも小さい、請求項2に記載の電気外科用発電機。 - 前記出力特性が一定電圧出力特性である場合、前記出力コントローラーは、電圧制御モード下で前記第1の制御信号を発生させ、固定された位相を有する前記第2の制御信号を発生させる、請求項1に記載の電気外科用発電機。
- 前記出力特性が一定電流出力特性である場合、前記出力コントローラーは、電圧制御モード下で前記第1の制御信号を発生させ、固定された位相を有する前記第2の制御信号を発生させる、請求項1に記載の電気外科用発電機。
- 前記出力特性が一定電力出力特性である場合、前記出力コントローラーは、電流プログラムモード下で前記第1の制御信号を発生させ、固定された位相を有する前記第2の制御信号を発生させる、請求項1に記載の電気外科用発電機。
- 前記出力特性が一定電圧出力特性、一定電流出力特性、および一定電力出力特性のうちのいずれの場合にも、前記出力コントローラーは、電流プログラムモード下で前記第1の制御信号を発生させ、固定された位相を有する前記第2の制御信号を発生させる、請求項1に記載の電気外科用発電機。
- 前記ブーストコンバーターは、前記PS−PWM共振インバーターへの電圧および電流入力のリップルを低下させるために、複数のブーストコンバーターを含む、請求項1に記載の電気外科用発電機。
- 前記電気外科用発電機は、複数のアナログ−ディジタル変換器(ADC)をさらに含み、該複数のアナログ−ディジタル変換器(ADC)は、前記感知された電圧波形および電流波形をサンプリングして、該感知された電圧波形および電流波形の各々のサンプルの所定の数を得るように構成され、
該サンプルの所定の数は、該感知された電圧波形および電流波形のRF周波数の整数倍に対応している、請求項1に記載の電気外科用発電機。 - 前記複数のセンサーは、ロゴウスキーコイルを含む、請求項1に記載の電気外科用発電機。
- 前記コントローラーは、フィールドプログラマブルゲートアレイ、特定用途向け集積回路、またはディジタル信号プロセッサーにおいて実装されている、請求項1に記載の電気外科用発電機。
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CA2855062A1 (en) | 2015-01-24 |
JP2015024136A (ja) | 2015-02-05 |
CN104337568B (zh) | 2018-07-27 |
US20180125564A1 (en) | 2018-05-10 |
AU2014203423B2 (en) | 2018-11-08 |
US9872719B2 (en) | 2018-01-23 |
EP2829248B1 (en) | 2020-12-16 |
AU2014203423A1 (en) | 2015-02-12 |
US11135001B2 (en) | 2021-10-05 |
US20150032096A1 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
CN104337568A (zh) | 2015-02-11 |
EP2829248A1 (en) | 2015-01-28 |
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