JP6405212B2 - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6405212B2 JP6405212B2 JP2014245414A JP2014245414A JP6405212B2 JP 6405212 B2 JP6405212 B2 JP 6405212B2 JP 2014245414 A JP2014245414 A JP 2014245414A JP 2014245414 A JP2014245414 A JP 2014245414A JP 6405212 B2 JP6405212 B2 JP 6405212B2
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Description
本実施の形態の半導体装置であるダイオードは、半導体基板の主面に形成されたP型のアノード層と、半導体基板の裏面に形成されたN型のカソード層と、当該カソード層と並んで半導体基板の裏面に形成された裏面P型層と、裏面P型層の直上において半導体基板の主面に形成された表面P型層とを有するものである。以下では、当該ダイオードにおいて、本実施の形態の主な特徴である表面P型層を設けることにより、リカバリー動作時におけるダイオードへの正孔注入効果を高め、これによりダイオードの性能を高めることについて説明する。
本実施の形態の半導体装置を、図1〜図3を参照して説明する。図1および図2は、本実施の形態の半導体装置を示す平面図である。図3は、図2のA−A線における断面図である。図1には半導体チップを示しているが、ここでは半導体基板の主面側を覆うパッド(アノード電極)を図示していない。また、図2では、上記半導体チップを構成する半導体基板の上面の一部を拡大して示している。図2および図3は、図1に示す素子領域1Aに形成されたダイオードを含むものである。
以下に、図26〜図29、図7、図8を用いて、比較例の半導体装置であるダイオードの構造およびその動作、並びに、比較例の半導体装置の問題点を説明する。図26は、比較例の半導体装置であるダイオードの断面図である。図27〜図29は、比較例の半導体装置であるダイオードの動作を説明する断面図である。図7は、比較例の半導体装置の効果を説明するグラフである。図8は、本実施の形態および比較例の半導体装置の効果を説明するグラフである。
以下に、図10〜図17を用いて、本実施の形態の半導体装置の製造方法を説明する。図10〜図17は、本実施の形態の半導体装置であるダイオードの製造工程を示す断面図である。
以下に、図18および図19を用いて、本実施の形態の半導体装置の変形例について説明する。図18および図19は、本実施の形態の半導体装置の変形例を示す平面図である。図18および図19では、図2と同様に、アノード電極を透過して半導体基板の主面および表面P+型層UPを示しており、さらに、半導体基板の裏面に形成された裏面P+型層LPの輪郭を破線で示している。
半導体基板内に、さらにN型層を設けることで、半導体装置の性能を向上させることについて、図20を用いて説明する。図20は、本実施の形態の半導体装置を示す断面図である。本実施の形態の半導体装置の構造において、前記実施の形態1と異なる点は、半導体基板SB内であって、平面視において表面P+型層UPと重ならないアノードP型層APの下面に接してN型層UNが形成されている点のみである。
表面P+型層UPの形成深さを深くすることで、ダイオードにおいて寄生バイポーラトランジスタが動作することを防ぐことについて、図21を用いて説明する。図21は、本実施の形態の半導体装置を示す断面図である。本実施の形態の半導体装置の構造において、前記実施の形態1と異なる点は、表面P+型層UPの形成深さが、アノードP型層APの形成深さよりも深い点のみである。つまり、表面P+型層UPはN−型層MNと直接接している。ただし、表面P+型層UPの底部は、N型層CNに達していない。
裏面P+型層の直上の領域の一部に表面P+型層を形成することについて、図22を用いて説明する。図22は、本実施の形態の半導体装置を示す平面図および断面図である。図22では、図の上側にダイオードの一部の平面図を示し、図の下側に、当該平面図に対応する位置におけるダイオードの断面図を示している。本実施の形態の半導体装置の構造において、前記実施の形態1と異なる点は、図22に示す表面P+型層UPの形状のみである。
半導体チップに、ダイオードのみでなく、絶縁ゲートバイポーラトランジスタを形成することについて、図23〜図25を用いて説明する。図23本実施の形態の半導体装置を利用したインバータを示す回路図である。図24は、本実施の形態の半導体装置を示す平面図である。図25は、本実施の形態の半導体装置を示す断面図である。
AP アノードP型層
CED カソード電極
CN N型層
GE ゲート電極
LP 裏面P+型層
MN N−型層
SB 半導体基板
TR バイポーラトランジスタ
UP 表面P+型層
Claims (14)
- 主面に沿う方向において、互いに隣接する第1領域および第2領域を有する半導体基板と、
前記第1領域において、前記半導体基板の前記主面に形成された第1P型層と、
前記第2領域において、前記半導体基板の前記主面に形成された第2P型層と、
前記第1領域において、前記半導体基板の前記主面の反対側の裏面に形成された第1N型層と、
前記第2領域において、前記半導体基板の前記裏面に形成された第3P型層と、
前記第1および第2領域において、前記第1N型層および前記第3P型層のそれぞれの上面に接して前記半導体基板内に形成された第2N型層と、
前記第1および第2領域において、前記第2N型層と、前記第1および第2P型層との間に形成された半導体層と、
前記半導体基板の前記主面に接して形成され、前記第1および第2P型層のそれぞれに電気的に接続された第1電極と、
前記半導体基板の前記裏面に接して形成され、前記第1N型層および第3P型層のそれぞれに電気的に接続された第2電極と、
を有するダイオードを含み、
前記第2N型層および前記第2P型層は、前記半導体層よりも不純物濃度が大きく、
前記第2P型層は、前記第1P型層よりも不純物濃度が大きく、
前記第1N型層は、前記第2N型層よりも不純物濃度が大きく、
前記第2P型層は、前記第3P型層の直上に形成され、
前記第3P型層は、前記第2N型層よりも不純物濃度が大きい、半導体装置。 - 請求項1記載の半導体装置において、
前記第2P型層は、平面視において環状パターンを有しており、当該環状パターンの内側の前記半導体基板の前記主面には、前記第1P型層の一部が形成されている、半導体装置。 - 請求項1記載の半導体装置において、
前記半導体基板の前記主面に沿う前記方向において、前記第3P型層の端部から、前記第3P型層の中心に向かって100μm以内の領域の直上の範囲内に、前記第2P型層が、前記半導体基板の前記主面に沿う前記方向において50μm以上の幅で形成されている、半導体装置。 - 請求項1記載の半導体装置において、
前記第1P型層の前記半導体基板の前記主面からの形成深さは、前記第2P型層の前記半導体基板の前記主面からの形成深さよりも深く、
前記第1P型層の一部は、前記第2領域において、前記第2P型層の下面に接している、半導体装置。 - 請求項1記載の半導体装置において、
前記第1P型層の前記半導体基板の前記主面からの形成深さは、前記第2P型層の前記半導体基板の前記主面からの形成深さよりも浅い、半導体装置。 - 請求項1記載の半導体装置において、
平面視において、前記第2P型層の面積は、前記第3P型層の面積よりも小さい、半導体装置。 - 請求項1記載の半導体装置において、
平面視において、前記第2P型層の面積は、前記第3P型層の面積よりも大きい、半導体装置。 - 請求項1記載の半導体装置において、
前記第1領域において、前記半導体層と前記第1P型層との間には、前記第2N型層よりも不純物濃度が小さく、前記半導体層よりも不純物濃度が大きい第3N型層が形成されている、半導体装置。 - 請求項1記載の半導体装置において、
前記半導体層は、N型の半導体層または真性半導体層である、半導体装置。 - 請求項1記載の半導体装置において、
平面視における前記第3P型層の幅は、200〜400μmである、半導体装置。 - 請求項10記載の半導体装置において、
平面視における前記第2P型層の幅は、200〜400μmである、半導体装置。 - 請求項1記載の半導体装置において、
前記半導体基板の前記裏面における前記第3P型層の面積占有率は、30%未満である、半導体装置。 - 請求項1記載の半導体装置において、
前記第2N型層の不純物活性化率は、60〜70%である、半導体装置。 - 請求項1記載の半導体装置において、
前記半導体基板は、前記第1および第2領域と異なる第3領域を含み、
前記第3領域には、
前記半導体基板の前記裏面に形成されたコレクタ層と、
前記半導体基板の前記主面に形成されたエミッタ層と、
前記半導体基板の前記主面上に形成されたゲート電極と、
を含むバイポーラトランジスタが形成され、
前記エミッタ層は、前記第1電極に電気的に接続され、
前記コレクタ層は、前記第2電極に電気的に接続されている、半導体装置。
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US10193000B1 (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-01-29 | Ixys, Llc | Fast recovery inverse diode |
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