JP6162128B2 - 医薬組成物、方法、診断キット - Google Patents
医薬組成物、方法、診断キット Download PDFInfo
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- JP6162128B2 JP6162128B2 JP2014534916A JP2014534916A JP6162128B2 JP 6162128 B2 JP6162128 B2 JP 6162128B2 JP 2014534916 A JP2014534916 A JP 2014534916A JP 2014534916 A JP2014534916 A JP 2014534916A JP 6162128 B2 JP6162128 B2 JP 6162128B2
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Description
本発明は、ヒトの心不全の予防、治療、または遅延のための薬剤を調製するためのニューレグリンタンパク質の使用、および上記薬剤を利用したヒトの心不全の予防、治療、または遅延のための方法に関する。特に、本発明は、ニューレグリンタンパク質を含む上記薬剤を利用した、慢性心不全患者の特定集団における心不全の予防、治療、または遅延のための方法を提供する。
約500万人のアメリカ人が心不全に罹患しており、毎年、新たに55万人以上の患者が心不全の症状を有すると診断されている。心不全の現在の薬物治療は、血管を拡張し、血圧を下げ、心臓の負荷を軽減する血管拡張剤であるアンジオテンシン変換酵素(ACE)阻害剤を主に使用している。死亡率の割合は大きく低下しているが、ACE阻害剤を使用した場合の実際の死亡率の低下は平均すると3〜4%しか低下しておらず、潜在的な副作用もいくつかある。心不全を予防または治療する他の選択肢に関係した制限はさらにある。例えば、心臓移植は薬物治療よりも明らかに高額かつ侵襲的であり、ドナーの心臓の入手の可能性によってさらに制限される。両心室ペースメーカー等の機械装置の使用も同様に侵襲的かつ高額である。したがって、現在の治療法の欠陥を考慮した新たな治療法の必要性がある。
心不全治療のためのニューレグリンの人体臨床試験において、出願人は、ニューヨーク心臓協会(NYHA)の心臓機能分類で評価すること、または患者のNT−proBNPまたはBNPの血漿レベルを測定することで、ニューレグリンによる有意な治療利益を受けつけ得る心不全患者を選択可能であることを発見した。そのような利益には死亡率の大幅な低下が含まれる。
開示内容を明確にするため、および限定しないように、以下の本発明の詳細な説明は以下に続く各項目に分かれている。本明細書で言及されたすべての刊行物は、引用された刊行物に関わる方法および/または物質を開示および記載するために参照することによって本明細書に組み込まれる。
他に定義の無い限り、本明細書において用いられている全ての技術的用語および科学的用語は、本発明が属する技術の当業者に一般的に理解されている意味と同じ意味を有している。本明細書において言及されている全ての特許、出願、公開された出願、および他の刊行物は、その全体が参照によって本明細書に組み込まれる。この項目で説明されている定義が、本明細書に参照によって組み込まれている特許、出願、公開された出願、および他の刊行物に説明された定義に反する場合、または矛盾する場合には、この項目において説明されている定義が、参照によって本明細書に組み込まれている定義よりも優先する。
実施例1:CHFのラットの異なる経路でのNeucardin(商標)投与による生存率への効果
導入
この研究では、冠状動脈結紮(CAL)を誘導したCHFモデルを用いて、マイクロインジェクションポンプを用いたIV点滴または皮下(SC)ボーラスによるNeucardin(商標)の投与が生存率および心臓の血行動態に効果があるかどうかを、CALから4週間後に開始したNeucardin(商標)の投与から120日後に調べた。心臓機能およびCALからの回復を確認するためにエコー心電図検査および心臓リモデリングも利用した。
2.1. 試験動物:
系統、オリジン:ウィスターラット、Shanghai SLAC Laboratory Animal CO. LTD;体重200±10g、雄;
2.2 試験対象
2.2.1 Neucardin(商標)
ID:注射用組換えヒトニューレグリン−1(rhNRG−1, Neucardin(商標))
ロットナンバー:200607009
製造者:Zensun (Shanghai) Sci & Tech Co., Ltd
剤形:凍結乾燥粉末
外観:白またはオフホワイトのケーキ
ラベルに記載のrhNRG−1の容量:250μg/バイアル
比活性:4897U/バイアル
保存条件:2〜8℃
2.2.2 賦形剤:
ID:組換えヒトニューレグリン−1のプラセボ
剤形:凍結乾燥粉末
外観:白またはオフホワイトのケーキ
組成:ヒト血清アルブミン、マンニトール、リン酸塩、塩化ナトリウム
保存条件:2〜8℃
2.3 手順:
2.3.1 ラットCHFモデルの作成方法
ラットのLADを結紮する。簡潔に説明すると、塩酸ケタミン(100mg/kg、IP)でラットに麻酔をかけ、胸部を剃り殺菌した。ラットに気管挿管を行い、室内の空気で機械的に酸素を供給した(呼吸速度:60呼吸/分、1回呼吸量:20ml)。それから第4および第5肋間の間に左開胸術を行い、左側の胸骨線に沿って皮膚を切開した。第4肋骨を胸骨に向かって切除した。心臓嚢に穴を開け、心臓をむき出しにした。絹縫合糸(6−0)を用いて起点から約2mmのところでLADを結紮した。その後、胸腔内の空気を抜き、胸部を3層(肋骨、筋肉、および皮膚)で閉じた。その後、ラットが自然呼吸を再開できるようになり、麻酔が解けるとケージに戻した。ラットを4週間維持し、その後エコー心電図検査により評価し、30〜45%のEF値を示す場合に正式の試験に加えた。全グループのラットは5つのケージに入れられ、標準的なエサを自由に食べられるようにし、純水も自由に飲めるようにした。室温を21±1℃に保ち、12時間周期で明/暗を切り替えた。
賦形剤またはNeucardin(商標)のIV点滴を尾の静脈を介して行った。この手順を実施するために、ラットの体重に対応した適当なラット保定器を使用した。ラットを保定器付近に置き、装置内に静かに置いた。通常、ラットは保定器に補助なしで入った。その後、尾の静脈の血流を増やし、皮膚の角質層を軟化させるために、アルコールで湿らせたガーゼでラットの尾を拭いた。側面(側部)の2本の尾の静脈を特定し、針のべベルを上に向けて針が静脈にほぼ平行になるようにして、尾の終端から2〜3cmの尾の静脈に針を2mm挿入した。針が尾の静脈に確実に入っているかを確認するために、針のハブに血液を抜き取った。上記針を医療用テープを使って尾に固定した。適当な速度(0.2〜0.4ml/時)で、マイクロインジェクションポンプまたはボーラス注射による薬または賦形剤の注入を開始した。
賦形剤またはNeucardin(商標)のSCボーラスをラットの背中から行った。この手順を実施するために、ラットの体重に対応した適当なラット保定器を使用した。皮膚を消毒するためにアルコールで湿らせたガーゼでラットの背中を拭いた。針のべベルを上に向けて針が皮膚にほぼ平行になるようにして、ラットの背中に針を3〜4cm皮下に挿入した。医療用テープを使って上記針を背中に固定し、灌流チューブにつないだ。その後、ラットを保定器付近に置き、装置内に静かに置いた。通常、ラットは補助なしで保定器に入った。保定器を閉めた後、ボーラス注射を開始した。
MIラットをEF値によって無作為に以下の4グループに分けた。
生存率;エコー心電図検査パラメーター;血行動態パラメーター;
3. 結果
3.1 生存率
表1は各グループ間の生存率を示している。各生存率は、グループA(賦形剤のIV点滴およびSCボーラス)では48.3%、グループB(Neucardin(商標)のSCボーラス)では62.1%、グループC(Neucardin(商標)のIV点滴)では64.9%、グループD(Neucardin(商標)のIV点滴およびSCボーラス)では82.5%だった。グループB、C、Dの生存率または死亡ラットの平均生存期間は、グループAと比較して向上または期間が長く、グループDの効果が最も高かった。
エコー心電図検査パラメーターを表2に示した。冠状動脈結紮から4週間後および試験物質の投与前に、CHFラットをEF値に関して無作為に4グループに分けた。表2に示す通り、処置前(BT)は4グループ間に大きな違いはなかった。投与開始から120日後では、EF値はそれぞれ、賦形剤グループでは30.7±3.1、SCボーラスによるNeucardin(商標)グループでは32.9±4.1、IV点滴によるNeucardin(商標)グループでは33.5±3.4、そしてIV点滴とSCボーラスによるNeucardin(商標)グループでは36.2±4.8であった。処置後は、グループB、C、およびDのEF値およびFS値が、グループAのEF値およびFS値よりも高かった。
表3は、121日目に、4グループの麻酔をかけた動物のMAP、HR、±dp/dt、LVEDP、およびLVSPの計測値を示している。Neucardin(商標)がSCボーラスまたはIV点滴のいずれか一方によって投与された場合(グループBおよびC)、Neucardin(商標)は、グループAと比較して、dp/dtをそれぞれ19.6%および27.1%、−dp/dtをそれぞれ22.5%および29.8%、有意に上昇させた。Neucardin(商標)がIV点滴およびSCボーラスの両方によって投与された場合(グループD)では、賦形剤の場合と比較して、平均動脈圧(MAP、112.3±5.5mmHg)、左心室収縮期圧(LVSP、139.4±9.8mmHg)、+dp/dt(7012.1±903.0mmHg/秒)、−dp/dt(−4353.2±847.6mmHg/秒)の顕著な上昇がみられた。興味深いことに、MAP、LVSP、+dp/dt、および−dp/dtのこれらの値は、賦形剤が投与されたラットよりも、それぞれ10.6%、9.2%、38.5%、および37.5%高かった。これらの結果は、血行動態パラメーターについて、グループB、C、およびDがグループAよりも良いことを示しており、グループDの効果が最も高いことを示した。
IV点滴およびSCボーラスによるNeucardin(商標)の組み合わせ投与の場合でも、どちらか一方の経路でのみ当該ペプチドの投与を行った場合でも、賦形剤で処置されたラットと比較して、いずれもCALによってCHFを誘導したラットの生存率は上がり、心臓機能パラメーターが向上した。
慢性心不全への組換えヒトニューレグリン−1の注入効果を評価するために、標準的な治療に基づいた、フェーズII、二重盲検多施設プラセボ対照標準治療に基づいた試験を、中国の複数の臨床施設で実施した。合計195人のNYHAクラスIIまたはIIIの安定した慢性心不全患者を入院させて、3つのグループ(プラセボ、0.6μg/kgのrhNRG−1、1.2μg/kgのrhNRG−1)に無作為に分けた。グループ間において人口統計学上または治療経歴に大きな差はなかった。スケジュールに従って、まず病院にて10日間連続で患者に薬を投与し、11日目のフォローアップ後に退院させた。30日目および90日目に別の出張フォローアップを行った。最後の患者が入院してから1年後に電話インタビューを実施した。
仕様:Neucardin(商標)、7054Dalの分子量(1μg=0.14nmol)のニューレグリン−1 β2アイソフォームのEGF様ドメインを含む61アミノ酸ポリペプチド。250μg(5000EU)/バイアル(1μg=20EU)。
仕様:Neucardin(商標)の賦形剤(活性組換えヒトニューレグリン−1タンパク質を含まない250μg/バイアル)。
試験参加者の基準には、比較的安定した病態(臨床兆候、臨床症状、および1か月以上目標量または最大許容量でCHFの許容される標準治療を受けた場合も含む)の、LVEFが40%以下の、18歳〜65歳の間のCHF(NYHAクラスIIまたはIII)患者が含まれた。主な除外基準には、急性心筋梗塞、肥大性心筋症、収縮性心膜炎、重度の心臓弁膜症または先天性心疾患、重度の肺高血圧症、収縮期血圧が90mmHgより低い、または収縮期血圧が160mmHgより高い、重度の不整脈、過去6カ月以内に心臓手術または脳血管イベントがあった、閉所恐怖症、または妊娠中の女性患者を含めた。参加したすべての患者は同意書に署名した。
慢性心不全への組換えヒトニューレグリン−1の注入効果を評価するために、標準治療に基づいた、フェーズII、二重盲検多施設プラセボ対照試験を、中国の複数の臨床施設で実施した。合計351人のNYHAクラスIIIまたはIVの安定した慢性心不全患者を入院させて、プラセボまたはrhNRG−1グループ(0.6μg/kg)に無作為に分けた。グループ間において人口統計学上または治療経歴に大きな差はなかった。スケジュールに従って、病院にて10日間連続で患者に薬を投与し、11日目のフォローアップ後に退院させ、3週目から25週目の間、週に1回、外来患者として投薬を行った。治療前(ベースライン)および各フォローアップ時に、各患者の血液サンプルを採取した。NT−proBNP測定法(Biomedica社製キット)を用いて、NT−proBNPをコア研究所で検査した。試験から52週目に生存情報を収集した。
仕様:Neucardin(商標)、7054Dalの分子量(1μg=0.14nmol)のニューレグリン−1 β2アイソフォームのEGF様ドメインを含む61アミノ酸ポリペプチド。250μg(5000EU)/バイアル(1μg=20EU)。
仕様:Neucardin(商標)の賦形剤。250μg/バイアルであって、活性組換えヒトニューレグリン−1タンパク質を含まない。
Claims (13)
- 慢性心不全の治療法に使用する医薬組成物であって、
上記医薬組成物はニューレグリンを含み、
上記治療法は、
a)治療前に患者のNT−proBNPの血漿レベルを測定する工程と、
b)上記a)の測定の結果に基づいて、上記NT−proBNPの血漿レベルが4000fmol/ml以下であるときのみに、上記患者に上記医薬組成物を投与する工程と、
を含むことを特徴とする、医薬組成物。 - 上記医薬組成物が、NYHA心臓機能分類によって上記患者の心臓機能がNYHAクラスIIまたはIIIと分類されたときに投与されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の医薬組成物。
- 上記医薬組成物が、上記a)の工程の結果に基づいて、測定されたNT−proBNPの血漿レベルが、(1)1600fmol/ml〜4000fmol/mlの間であるとき、または(2)1600fmol/ml以下であるときに投与されることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の医薬組成物。
- 上記血漿レベルが免疫測定法によって測定されることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- (a)上記ニューレグリンがニューレグリン−1である、(b)上記ニューレグリンがニューレグリン−1のEGF様ドメインを含む、または(c)上記ニューレグリンが配列番号1のアミノ酸配列を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 上記慢性心不全は、虚血性、先天性、リューマチ性、突発性、ウイルス性、または毒性によるものであることを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 上記医薬組成物は、少なくとも1つの抗心不全薬をさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 上記少なくとも1つの抗心不全薬は、ACE抑制薬、β遮断剤、ARB、利尿薬、およびジギタリス製剤からなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項7に記載の医薬組成物。
- 上記医薬組成物が、導入レジメンで上記患者に投与されることを特徴とする請求項1から8のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物。
- 上記導入レジメンは、少なくとも3、5、7または10日間連続で上記医薬組成物を投与することを含むことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の医薬組成物。
- 上記医薬組成物は、上記導入レジメン後の管理レジメンで上記患者に投与されることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の医薬組成物。
- 上記管理レジメンは、3、5、7または10日毎に、上記医薬組成物を投与することを含むことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の医薬組成物。
- 請求項1から12のいずれか1項に記載の医薬組成物による治療を受ける心不全患者を選択するための診断キットであって、
上記診断キットは、心不全患者のNT−proBNPの血漿レベルを測定するために免疫測定試薬を含み、4000fmol/ml以下の血漿レベル、1600fmol/ml〜4000fmol/mlの間の血漿レベル、または1600fmol/ml以下の血漿レベルが上記医薬組成物による心不全治療に適した患者であることを示すことを特徴とする診断キット。
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