JP6054029B2 - 半導体チップおよび半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体チップおよび半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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Description
例えば、特許文献1には、複数の半導体チップがシリコン半導体基板を貫通する貫通電極TSV(Through Silicon Via;TSV)で接続された半導体装置が開示されている。
しかしながら、特許文献2に記載の方法では、半導体チップの外周部以外に発生したクラックを検出することができなかった。
本発明の半導体チップは、基板と、前記基板を貫通する複数の基板貫通電極と、テスト信号に応答して第1端子と第2端子との間を接続するクラックテスト配線とを有し、前記クラックテスト配線が、前記複数の基板貫通電極のうちの少なくとも1つの基板貫通電極と、その基板貫通電極に隣接して配置された基板貫通電極との間を平面視で通過するように配置されていることを特徴とする。
図1Aは、本発明の第1の実施形態である半導体装置の断面図である。図1Bは、本発明の第1の実施形態である半導体装置における複数の半導体チップ間の電気的な接続について説明するための模式図である。
図1Cは、テストイネーブル信号TEを発生させるテスト制御回路の概要を説明するための図であり、メモリチップである半導体チップC1〜C4が積層された状態でそれぞれの半導体チップC1〜C4のテストイネーブル信号TE1〜TE4をどのように発生させるかを示した図である。
各DRAMは、図2に示すように、それぞれチャネル21A〜21Dと貫通電極群22A〜22Dとを備えている。ここで、チャネル21A〜21Dのそれぞれは、DRAMの記憶領域を形成するメモリセルアレイと、これらメモリセルアレイへのアクセスを制御する制御回路部の両方を含むものである。図2に示す半導体チップC1では、4個のチャネル21A〜21Dが平面視矩形の半導体チップC1の四隅にそれぞれ配置されている。
なお、本実施形態においては、半導体チップの一例として図2に示すワイドIODRAMのチップ構成を示したが、本発明は、図2に示す例に限定されるものではない。
図3に示すように、半導体チップC1は、半導体基板31と、半導体基板31の表面(一面)上に形成された多層配線層(多層配線構造)を構成する4層の配線層L0〜L3および5層の層間絶縁膜32〜36と、複数の表面バンプ電極9と、複数の裏面バンプ電極12と、複数の基板貫通導体部44と、半導体基板31中に形成された絶縁リング43と、を有している。また、図示していないが、半導体基板31上には、半導体チップC1の実質的な機能を実行する各種回路素子が層間絶縁膜32、33内に形成されている。
表面バンプ電極9および裏面バンプ電極12は、半導体チップC1の端子として機能するものである。
また、半導体基板31中には、各基板貫通導体44を囲うように絶縁リング43が形成されている。絶縁リング43は、各貫通電極TSV15と、各種回路素子が形成されている半導体基板31内の領域(トランジスタ領域)とを絶縁する機能を有している。
すなわち、図4に示すように、クラックテスト配線18の一端に接続された電源端子VSSに低電位側電源VSSを印加し、テストスイッチTSWにテストイネーブル信号TEを供給した状態で、クラックテスト配線18の他端のテスト端子DAに高電位側電源を供給し、テスト端子DAに電流が流れるかどうかを測定する。
一方、テスト端子DAに電流が流れない場合には、クラックテスト配線18の近傍に存在するクラックによってクラックテスト配線18の一部が断線していると判定できる。したがって、貫通電極アレイ領域22にクラックが生じていると判定できる。
図6は、本発明の半導体チップの他の例を説明するための図であり、半導体チップの一部を拡大して示した平面図である。図6に示す半導体チップにおいて、図4に示す半導体チップと異なる所は、クラックテスト配線18Bの配置のみである。したがって、図6に示す半導体チップにおいて、図4に示す半導体チップと同じ部材については、同じ符号を付し、説明を省略する。
しかし、クラックテスト配線18が、最下層の配線層L0の一部として形成されている場合、例えば、図3に示す半導体チップC1の表面バンプ電極9上に、半導体チップC2の裏面バンプ電極を半田接合することにより形成された半田接合部の周囲のクラックなど、半導体チップの上層の配線層のみに亀裂が形成されていて最下層の配線層に亀裂が到達していない場合には、クラックとクラックテスト配線18との距離が遠いために、クラックが発生してもクラックテスト配線18が断線せず、クラックの検出精度が不十分となる可能性がある。
すなわち、クラックテスト配線18を、最上層の配線層L3と最下層の配線層L0のどちらか一方の一部として形成しても、高精度でクラックを検出できない恐れがあった。
そして、本実施形態の半導体チップにおいても上述した第1の実施形態と同様に、テスト端子DAと電源端子VSSとの間に、クラックテスト配線18Bを介してテスト信号を供給したときのテスト端子DAと電源端子VSSとの間の導通状態によって、貫通電極アレイ領域22にクラックが生じているかどうかを検出できる。
また、図7に示すクラックテスト配線18Fでは、平面視で第1クラックテスト配線18Gと第2クラックテスト配線18Hとの間に貫通導体列2aが配置され、コンタクト電極18Jが、貫通導体列2aの端部に配置された貫通電極TSV15よりも外側に配置されている。
したがって、図7に示すクラックテスト配線18Fにおいても、貫通電極TSV15の周囲に形成されたクラックも、半田接合部の周囲のクラックなど半導体チップの上層の配線層のみに形成されているクラックも高精度で検出できる。
最上層の配線層L3は、主に信号に使用される配線層である。このため、最上層の配線層L3における第2クラックテスト配線18Hを形成するための面積が大きいと、信号に使用する配線を形成可能な面積が狭くなり、信号に使用する配線を形成する面積を確保するために、半導体チップの平面積を増大させなければならなくなる恐れが生じる。
また、半導体チップに形成されるクラックは、通常50μ程度である隣接する貫通電極TSV15間の間隔の寸法よりも大きいものとなることが多い。このため、図7に示すクラックテスト配線18Fでは、隣接する第1クラックテスト配線18G間の間隔および隣接する第2クラックテスト配線18H間の間隔が、図6に示すクラックテスト配線18Bと比較して約2倍に広くなるが、十分な精度でクラックを検出できる。
Claims (11)
- 基板と、
前記基板を貫通する複数の基板貫通電極と、
テスト信号に応答して第1端子と第2端子との間を接続するクラックテスト配線とを有し、
前記クラックテスト配線が、前記複数の基板貫通電極のうちの少なくとも1つの第1の基板貫通電極と、前記第1の基板貫通電極に隣接して配置された第2の基板貫通電極との間を、前記第1及び第2の基板貫通電極と平面視で重なることなく平面視で通過するように配置されていることを特徴とする半導体チップ。 - 複数の基板貫通電極が平面視で第1方向に沿って並べて配置されてなる貫通導体列を、前記第1方向と交差する第2方向に沿って複数列並べて配置してなる貫通電極群が備えられ、
前記クラックテスト配線が、平面視で隣接する貫通導体列間の少なくとも一部を通過するように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の半導体チップ。 - 各々が記憶領域と当該記憶領域へのアクセスを制御する制御回路とを含む複数のチャネルを有し、平面視で隣接するチャネル間に、複数の貫通電極群が配置された貫通電極アレイ領域が配置され、
前記クラックテスト配線が、前記貫通電極アレイ領域内の複数の貫通電極群を通過するように配置されていることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の半導体チップ。 - 基準電圧発生回路と内部電源発生回路とを電気的に接続する基準電圧配線を有し、
前記基準電圧配線と隣接する前記クラックテスト配線との間隔が、隣接する基板貫通電極間の間隔よりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の半導体チップ。 - 複数の配線層を有し、
前記クラックテスト配線が、前記複数の配線層から選ばれた1つの配線層に形成された第1クラックテスト配線と、
前記第1クラックテスト配線と異なる配線層に形成された第2クラックテスト配線と、
前記第1クラックテスト配線と前記第2クラックテスト配線とを電気的に接続するコンタクト電極とを含むことを特徴とする請求項1〜請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の半導体チップ。 - 前記第1クラックテスト配線が、前記複数の配線層のうち最も前記基板側の配線層に形成されたものであり、
前記第2クラックテスト配線が、前記複数の配線層のうち最も前記基板から離れた配線層に形成されたものであることを特徴とする請求項5に記載の半導体チップ。 - 前記複数の配線層の各配線層の抵抗値が、その配線層よりも前記基板から遠い側の配線層の抵抗値以下とされていることを特徴とする請求項4または請求項5に記載の半導体チップ。
- 前記第1クラックテスト配線と前記第2クラックテスト配線とが、平面視で重なり合っていることを特徴とする請求項4〜請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の半導体チップ。
- 前記第1クラックテスト配線と前記第2クラックテスト配線とが、平面視で異なる位置に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項4〜請求項7のいずれか一項に記載の半導体チップ。
- 平面視で前記第1クラックテスト配線と前記第2クラックテスト配線との間に、複数の基板貫通電極が平面視で第1方向に沿って並べて配置されてなる貫通導体列が配置され、
前記コンタクト電極が、前記貫通導体列の端部に配置された基板貫通電極よりも外側に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の半導体チップ。 - 複数の半導体チップが基板貫通電極を介して電気的に接続されている半導体装置であって、
前記複数の半導体チップのうち少なくとも1つが、請求項1〜請求項10のいずれか一項に記載の半導体装置。
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