JP5947224B2 - 中性子吸収材および中性子吸収材の製造のための方法 - Google Patents
中性子吸収材および中性子吸収材の製造のための方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 216
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000004992 fission Effects 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011358 absorbing material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052688 Gadolinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003758 nuclear fuel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000011824 nuclear material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009694 cold isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004541 SiN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ZrO Inorganic materials [Zr]=O GEIAQOFPUVMAGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009770 conventional sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011381 foam concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001513 hot isostatic pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910003465 moissanite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Description
Claims (18)
- 第1の材料からなるコア(2)および第2の材料からなる層(3)を備える中性子吸収材(1)であって、
前記層(3)は、前記コア(2)を少なくとも部分的に包囲し、かつ外側周囲から前記コア(2)を保護するように構成され、前記第1の材料は前記第2の材料よりも、より高い中性子吸収性能を有し、
前記中性子吸収材(1)は、前記コア(2)と前記層(3)との間に中間層(4)を備え、前記中間層(4)は、前記コア(2)から前記層(3)への前記第1の材料の濃度の減少、および前記コア(2)から前記層(3)への前記第2の材料の濃度の増加を含む材料勾配を有し、
前記コア(2)は、Hf、B、In、Cd、Hg、Ag、Gd、Er、B x C y 、B x N y 、B x O y およびそれらの混合物の群より選択される少なくとも1つの物質を含み、
前記層(3)は、SiCおよびSiNそれらの混合物の群より選択される少なくとも1つの物質を含む、中性子吸収材(1)。 - 前記中性子吸収材(1)は核分裂リアクタ内において用いられるように構成される、請求項1に記載の中性子吸収材(1)。
- 前記材料勾配は、前記コア(2)から前記層(3)への前記第1の材料の濃度の連続した減少、および前記コア(2)から前記層(3)への前記第2の材料の濃度の連続した増加を含む、請求項1または請求項2に記載の中性子吸収材(1)。
- 前記層(3)は、ヘリウムに対して不浸透性である、請求項1から請求項3のいずれか一項に記載の中性子吸収材(1)。
- 前記層(3)は、核分裂リアクタの環境内において、実質的に耐食性である、請求項1から請求項4のいずれか一項に記載の中性子吸収材(1)。
- 前記層(3)はゼロより大きいかまたはそれに等しい全細孔容積を有する孔隙率を有し、前記コア(2)は、ゼロより大きい全細孔容積を有する孔隙率を有し、前記層(3)における孔隙率の細孔容積は、前記コア(2)における孔隙率の細孔容積より著しく低い、請求項1から請求項5のいずれか一項に記載の中性子吸収材(1)。
- 前記中性子吸収材(1)は制御棒内に位置するように構成され、前記層(3)は前記コア(2)を完全に包囲する、請求項1から請求項6のいずれか一項に記載の中性子吸収材(1)。
- 前記制御棒は、沸騰水型原子炉のタイプの軽水核分裂リアクタ内において用いられるように構成される、請求項7に記載の中性子吸収材(1)。
- 前記制御棒は、少なくとも1つのシートで形成された中性子吸収材から構成される、請求項8に記載の中性子吸収材(1)。
- 前記制御棒は、加圧水型原子炉のタイプの軽水核分裂リアクタ内において用いられるように構成される、請求項7に記載の中性子吸収材(1)。
- 前記制御棒は、少なくとも円筒形状の中性子吸収材から構成される、請求項10に記載の中性子吸収材(1)。
- 請求項1から請求項11のいずれか一項に記載の中性子吸収材を製造するための方法であって、
前記第2の材料が前記第1の材料を少なくとも部分的に包囲するように、前記第1の材料および前記第2の材料をツールのスペースに供給する工程と、
前記コアと前記層との間に前記中間層が形成されるように、前記第1の材料および前記第2の材料を共に、前記中性子吸収材に焼結する工程と、を含む、方法。 - 前記第1の材料および第2の材料を供給する工程において、前記スペースの内側部分と前記スペースの外側部分との間に中間ゾーンが形成され、前記中間ゾーンは、前記スペースの内側部分から前記スペースの外側部分への前記第1の材料の濃度の減少、および、前記スペースの内側部分から前記スペースの外側部分への前記第2の材料の濃度の増加、を含む、請求項12に記載の方法。
- 前記第1および前記第2の材料は、共にもたらされて前記中間ゾーンを形成するように、前記スペースは振動される、請求項13に記載の方法。
- 前記スペースは、前記内側部分を備える内側パイプによって分けられ、前記スペースは、前記外側部分を備える外側パイプによって分けられ、前記外側パイプと前記内側パイプとの間に中間部分が形成され、前記中間部分は、前記中間ゾーンを形成するために、前記第1の材料および前記第2の材料の混合物が供給される、請求項13または請求項14に記載の方法。
- 前記中間部分は、少なくとも中間に位置するパイプの分割部分に分けられ、前記分割部分は、前記第1の材料の濃度と前記第2の材料の濃度との間で異なる比率の混合物が供給される、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 供給される前記第1の材料は粉末形状である、請求項12から請求項16のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
- 供給される前記第2の材料は粉末形状である、請求項12から請求項17のいずれか一項に記載の方法。
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