JP5883002B2 - 人工膝用の非対称な脛骨部品 - Google Patents
人工膝用の非対称な脛骨部品 Download PDFInfo
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- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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Description
本出願は、2010年9月10日に「回転アラインメントを容易にする人工脛骨」という名称で出願されたアメリカ合衆国仮特許出願シリアル番号第61/381,800号と、2010年7月24日に「人工脛骨」という名称で出願されたアメリカ合衆国仮特許出願シリアル番号第61/367,375号に関してアメリカ合衆国法典35の第119条(e)のもとでの恩恵を主張するものであり、その全開示内容が参考としてこの明細書に明示的に組み込まれる。
図1A及び図1Bを参照すると、人工脛骨10は、脛骨ベースプレート12と脛骨支持部品14を備えている。脛骨ベースプレート12は、近位脛骨プラトー18から遠位方向に延びるステム又はキール16(図4B)を備えること、又は脛骨Tにベースプレート12を固定するための別の固定構造(例えば遠位方向に延びる釘)を利用することができる。脛骨プラトー18によって規定される外周部のさまざまな部分は、サイズ及び形状が脛骨Tの切除された近位面によく対応している。これについては後で、詳細に説明する。
脛骨プラトー18(及び、後述する、類似の外周を規定する脛骨支持部品14)が特定の非対称性な形状になっていることにより、外側区画20に概ね“箱状”の外周又は角張った外周が生じ、内側区画22に“丸くなった”外周又は柔らかい外周が生じる。
さらに図3Aを参照すると、外周200の非対称性のさらに別の特徴が、外側区画20及び内側区画22の表面積の違いから生じることがわかる。本明細書では、外側区画の表面積SALは、身体軸AHの外側側にあって外周200の中に含まれる面積である。同様に、内側区画22の表面積は、身体軸AHの内側側にあって外周200の中に含まれる面積である。
脛骨の外周200の非対称性を特徴づけて定量化するためのさらに別の方法は、外側区画20と内側区画22の前後長の全長を比較することである。
本明細書では、上で詳細に述べたように脛骨ベースプレート12の個々のサイズ/実施形態の非対称性に加え、さらに外周200が1つのサイズから次のサイズへと増加するような非対称性を提供する。有利には、外周のこの非対称な増加は、患者のサイズの異なる脛骨Tに見られる増加の傾向に合致している一方で、ベースプレート12による最適なフィットと被覆も維持されるため、本明細書に記載したように本発明による設計上の他の利点が提供される。
図示実施形態では、脛骨プラトー18は、上述のように、区画20と区画22との間に配置されたPCL切除部28を備える。PCL切除部にはアクセス可能なPCL取り付け点CPが残されているため、脛骨ベースプレート12を埋め込んでいる間及び埋め込んだ後にPCLにそこを通過させることが可能である。脛骨支持部品14(図5)は、同様に、切除部30を備えてよい。
再び図1Aを参照すると、脛骨支持部品14は、外側部39と、内側部41と、脛骨ベースプレート12に結合させることのできる下面36と、大腿骨部品(例えば図8に示してあって後で詳細に説明する大腿骨部品60)に関節接続させることのできる上面38と、を備えている。上面38は、外側部39の外側関節接続面40と内側部41の内側関節接続面42とを備え、隆起部44(図5)が外側関節接続面40と内側関節接続面42との間に配置されている。図5を参照すると、隆起部44は、形状及びサイズが、切除前の脛骨Tの自然のままの脛骨隆起部に概ね対応している。
人工脛骨10は、サイズ及び幾何学的形状の異なる骨に合ったさまざまなサイズ及び構成のものを提供することができる。具体的な1つのサイズの選択は、例えば手術前のイメージ化やそれ以外の計画手続きを通じて手術前に計画することができる。あるいはインプラントのサイズを選択することや、以前に選択したサイズの変更を、手術中に行なうこともできる。図2Aに示したサイズのファミリーの中から人工脛骨10の具体的なサイズを適切に選択することが手術中に容易になるようにするとともに、選択した人工脛骨10を適切な方向に向けやすくするため、人工脛骨10は、1つ以上のテンプレート部品又は“サイズ別”部品を含むキットの一部にすることができる。
使用するときには、外科医は最初に、従来からよく知られている通常の手続きとツールを用いて脛骨Tを切除する。一実施形態では、外科医は、近位脛骨を切除し、脛骨ベースプレートを受け入れるための平坦な面を残す。この平坦な面は脛骨傾斜を規定してでよく、その脛骨傾斜は外科医が選択する。例えば外科医は、脛骨の切除された面が後ろから前へと近位方向に傾斜した正の脛骨傾斜となる(すなわち切除された面が後ろから前へと“丘を上る”)切除を実行することを望む可能性がある。あるいは外科医は、脛骨の切除された面が後ろから前へと遠位方向に傾斜する負の脛骨傾斜となる(すなわち切除された面が後ろから前へと“丘を下る”)手術を代わりに実行する可能性がある。切除された面が内側から外側へと近位方向又は遠位方向に傾斜する内反傾斜又は外反傾斜も利用することができる。脛骨傾斜及び/又は内反/外反傾斜の選択と、そのような傾斜の程度又は角度は、さまざまな因子(例えば変形の補正、元々の/手術前の脛骨の傾斜など)により決定してよい。
また、一実施形態では、前記複数の人工脛骨が少なくとも8つの人工脛骨を含み、前記人工脛骨のそれぞれが順番に大きくなり、前記人工脛骨のそれぞれが、順番において次に小さい後−内側増分の後−内側増分より多いそれぞれの後−内側増分を規定するとともに、順番において次に小さい後−内側増分の後−外側増分より多いそれぞれの後−外側増分を規定する、人工脛骨のファミリーが提供される。
また、一実施形態では、前記複数の人工脛骨が少なくとも9つの人工脛骨を含み、前記人工脛骨のそれぞれが順番に大きくなっていき、前記人工脛骨のそれぞれが、順番において次に小さい後−内側増分の後−内側増分より多いそれぞれの後−内側増分を規定するとともに、順番において次に小さい後−内側増分の後−外側増分より多いそれぞれの後−外側増分を規定する、人工脛骨のファミリーが提供される。
また、一実施形態では、前記プロテーゼ外周(200)のそれぞれが、前縁(202)と、前記外側区画(20)に対応する外側外周を備え、前記外側外周が、前記前縁とは概ね反対側にあって前記外側区画の後方境界線を形成する外側後縁(204)と、前記前縁に対して実質的に垂直な接線(212A)を規定する外側縁(212)と、前記前縁と前記外側縁との間にある角度掃引範囲(2L)を占める前−外側コーナーを含み、前記後−外側コーナーは、前記外側縁に対して前記前−外側コーナーの反対側に位置し、前記外側縁と前記外側後縁との間にある角度掃引範囲(4L)を占める、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、前記後−外側距離(DLP)が、前記前後軸から120度の角度をなす線に沿って前記図心(C)から前記プロテーゼ外周(200)まで延びる、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、前記プロテーゼ外周(200)のそれぞれが、前縁(202)と、前記内側区画(22)に対応する内側外周と、を備え、前記内側外周が、前記前縁とは概ね反対側にあって前記内側区画の後方境界線を形成する内側後縁(206)と、前記前縁に対して実質的に垂直な接線(222A)を規定する内側縁(222)と、前記前縁と前記内側縁との間にある角度掃引範囲(1R)を占める前−内側コーナーと、を含み、前記後−内側コーナーは、前記内側縁に対して前記前−内側コーナーの反対側に位置し、前記内側縁と前記内側後縁との間にある角度掃引範囲(3R)を占める、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、前記後−内側距離(DMP)が、前記前後軸から130度の角度をなす線に沿って前記図心(C)から前記プロテーゼ外周(200)まで延びる、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、前記複数の人工脛骨が複数の脛骨ベースプレート(12)を備える、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、複数の脛骨支持部品(14)と組み合わされ、前記複数の脛骨支持部品のそれぞれが、前記複数の人工脛骨のうちの1つの外側区画(20)に関係し前記プロテーゼ外周(200)に実質的に対応する外側部(39)と、前記複数の人工脛骨のうちの1つの内側区画(22)に関係し前記プロテーゼ外周(200)と少なくとも部分的に一致しない内側部(41)と、を備える、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、前記複数の脛骨ベースプレート(12)のそれぞれが、前記内側区画(22)に後内側ベースプレート斜面部(32)を含み、前記複数の脛骨支持部品(14)のそれぞれが、前記内側部(41)に形成された後内側支持斜面部(50)を含み、前記複数の脛骨支持部品のそれぞれは、前記複数の脛骨ベースプレートのうちの1つに取り付けられてそれぞれの人工脛骨組立体(10)を形成し、前記ベースプレート斜面部と前記支持斜面部とが協働して実質的に連続な斜面部を前記人工脛骨組立体に形成する、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、前記複数の脛骨支持部品(14)のうちの少なくとも1つとある屈曲範囲で関節接続するよう少なくとも1つの大腿骨部品(60)と組み合わされる、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、それぞれの人工脛骨が脛骨に取り付けられるときに前記前後軸が身体軸と揃い、前記身体軸は、後十字靭帯と脛骨との間の付着領域の幾何学的中心にある後方点(C P )から脛骨の前結節(B)に配置される前方点(C A )まで延びる直線として規定され、前記結節は結節幅(W)を有し、前記前方点は、前記結節上で脛骨の中点(P T )からW/6に等しい距離だけ内側方向に離れた位置に配置される、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、前記複数の人工脛骨のそれぞれが、前縁(202)と、前記前縁とは概ね反対側に位置し、前記外側区画(20)と前記内側区画(22)との間にあるPCL切除領域(28)とを備え、前記前後軸が前記前縁を二分し、かつ前記PCL切除領域を二分する、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、前記内側区画(22)が、前後軸に対して前記外側区画(20)と非対称であり、それにより前記プロテーゼ外周のそれぞれが、対応するサイズの脛骨の切除された近位面の約60%〜約90%を覆うサイズ及び形状に形成される、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、前記内側区画(22)が前記前後軸と協働して内側表面積(SAM)を取り囲み、前記外側区画(20)が前記前後軸と協働して外側表面積(SAL)を取り囲み、前記内側表面積が前記外側表面積より広い、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、前記複数の人工脛骨のそれぞれが、前縁(202)と、前記前縁とは概ね反対側に位置し、前記外側区画(20)の後方境界線を形成する外側後縁(204)と、前記前縁とは概ね反対側に位置し、前記内側区画(22)の後方境界線を形成する内側後縁(206)を備え、前記外側区画が、前記プロテーゼ外周の前記前縁から前記外側後縁まで延びる外側前後長(DAPL)を規定し、前記内側区画が、前記プロテーゼ外周の前記前縁から前記内側後縁まで延びる内側前後長(DAPM)を規定し、前記内側前後長が前記外側前後長より長い、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、前記後−内側コーナーが後−内側コーナー半径(R3R)を規定し、前記後−外側コーナーが、前記後−内側コーナー半径より実質的に短い後−外側コーナー半径(R4L)を規定する、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、前記複数のプロテーゼ外周のそれぞれが、前縁(202)と、前記前縁とは概ね反対側に位置し、前記外側区画(20)の後方境界線を形成する外側後縁(204)と、前記前縁とは概ね反対側に位置し、前記内側区画(22)の後方境界線を形成する内側後縁(206)を備え、前記外側区画が、前記前縁から前記外側後縁まで延びる外側外周を備え、前記外側外周が複数の隣り合う外側円弧(208、210、212、214、216)を規定し、その複数の隣り合う外側円弧の1つのペアが、第1の外側半径及び第2の外側半径をそれぞれ規定し、第1の外側半径は第2の外側半径より少なくとも100%大きく、前記内側区画が、前記前縁から前記内側後縁まで延びる内側外周を備え、前記内側外周が複数の隣り合う内側円弧(220、222、224)を規定し、その複数の隣り合った内側円弧の1つのペアが、第1の内側半径及び第2の内側半径をそれぞれ規定し、第1の内側半径は第2の内側半径より75%未満大きい、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、前記外側区画(20)が複数の隣り合う外側円弧(208、210、212、214、216)を規定し、前記内側区画(22)が複数の隣り合う内側円弧(220、222、224)を規定し、前記複数の隣り合う外側円弧の数が、前記複数の隣り合う内側円弧の数より多い、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
また、一実施形態では、前記プロテーゼ外周(200)のそれぞれが前縁(202)を規定し、前記外側区画(20)が、第1の半径中心(C2L)を有する前−外側コーナー半径(R2L)を規定する前−外側コーナーを含み、前記内側区画(22)が、第2の半径中心(C1R)を有する前−内側コーナー半径(R1R)を規定する前−内側コーナーを含み、前記内側外側軸(A ML )が、前記プロテーゼ外周の中にあってさらに前記前後軸に垂直な最長の線分を規定し、前記第1の径方向中心は、前記内側外側軸と前記前縁との間に配置され、前記第2の径方向中心は、前記内側外側軸の後方に配置される、人工脛骨のファミリーを提供する。
Claims (23)
- 近位脛骨に取り付けるサイズに形成された人工脛骨のファミリーであって、前記ファミリーが、
複数のプロテーゼ外周(200x)を規定する複数の人工脛骨を備え、それぞれの前記プロテーゼ外周(200)は、
図心(C)と、
前記プロテーゼ外周を内側区画(22)と外側区画(20)とに分割する前後軸と、
前記図心から前記プロテーゼ外周の後−内側コーナーまで延びる後−内側距離(DMP)と、
前記図心から前記プロテーゼ外周の後−外側コーナーまで延びる後−外側距離(DLP)を規定し、
前記複数のプロテーゼ外周は、
小サイズのプロテーゼに対応し、小さな後−内側長を有する前記後−内側距離と、小さな後−外側長を有する前記後−外側距離とを規定する小型の外周と、
前記小サイズのプロテーゼと比べてその次の大きさの中サイズのプロテーゼに対応し、前記小さな後−内側長より第1の後−内側増分だけ長い中程度の後−内側長を有する前記後−内側距離と、前記小さな後−外側長より第1の後−外側増分だけ長い中程度の後−外側長を有する前記後−外側距離とを規定する中型の外周と、
前記中サイズのプロテーゼと比べてその次の大きさの大サイズのプロテーゼに対応し、前記中程度の後−内側長より第2の後−内側増分だけ長い大きな後−内側長を持つ前記後−内側距離と、前記中程度の後−外側長より第2の後−外側増分だけ長い大きな後−外側長を持つ前記後−外側距離とを規定する大型の外周と、を含み、
前記第2の後−内側増分が前記第1の後−内側増分より多く、
前記第2の後−外側増分が前記第1の後−外側増分より多い、人工脛骨のファミリー。 - 前記第1の後−内側増分が前記第1の後−外側増分より多く、それにより、前記小型の外周と比べてより前記中型の外周において前記内側区画が前記外側区画より早く大きくなる、請求項1に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。
- 前記第2の後−内側増分が前記第2の後−外側増分より多く、それにより、前記小型の外周と比べてより前記中型の外周において前記内側区画が前記外側区画より早く大きくなる、請求項1に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。
- 前記第2の後−内側増分が前記第1の後−内側増分より約20%大きい、請求項1に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。
- 前記第2の後−外側増分が前記第1の後−外側増分より約4%大きい、請求項1に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。
- 前記プロテーゼ外周が、
前縁(202)と
前記外側区画に対応する外側外周、を備え、前記外側外周が、
前記前縁とは概ね反対側にあって前記外側区画(20)の後方境界線を形成する外側後縁(204)と、
前記前縁に対して実質的に垂直な接線(212A)を規定する外側縁(212)と、
前記前縁と前記外側縁との間にある角度掃引範囲(2L)を占める前−外側コーナー(210)を含んでおり、
前記後−外側コーナーは、前記外側縁に対して前記前−外側コーナーの反対側に位置し、前記外側縁と前記外側後縁との間にある角度掃引範囲(4L)を占める、請求項1に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。 - 前記後−外側距離(DLP)が、前記前後軸から120度の角度をなす線に沿って前記図心(C)から前記プロテーゼ外周(200)まで延びる、請求項1に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。
- 前記プロテーゼ外周が、
前縁(202)と、
前記内側区画に対応する内側外周と、を備え、前記内側外周が、
前記前縁とは概ね反対側にあって前記内側区画(22)の後方境界線を形成する内側後縁(206)と、
前記前縁に対して実質的に垂直な接線(222A)を規定する内側縁(222)と、
前記前縁と前記内側縁との間にある角度掃引範囲(1R)を占める前−内側コーナー(220)と、を含み、
前記後−内側コーナーは、前記内側縁に対して前記前−内側コーナーの反対側に位置し、前記内側縁と前記内側後縁との間にある角度掃引範囲(3R)を占める、請求項1に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。 - 前記後−内側距離(DMP)が、前記前後軸から130度の角度をなす線に沿って前記図心(C)から前記プロテーゼ外周(200)まで延びる、請求項1に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。
- 前記複数の人工脛骨が少なくとも7つの人工脛骨を含み、前記人工脛骨のそれぞれが順番に大きくなり、
前記人工脛骨のそれぞれが、順番において次に小さい後−内側増分の後−内側増分より多いそれぞれの後−内側増分を規定するとともに、
順番において次に小さい後−内側増分の後−外側増分より多いそれぞれの後−外側増分を規定する、請求項1に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。 - 前記複数の人工脛骨が複数の脛骨ベースプレート(12)と、複数の脛骨支持部品(14)とを備え、前記複数の脛骨支持部品のそれぞれが、
前記複数の人工脛骨のうちの1つの外側区画(20)に関係し前記プロテーゼ外周(200)に実質的に対応する外側部(39)と、
前記複数の人工脛骨のうちの1つの内側区画(22)に関係し前記プロテーゼ外周(200)と少なくとも部分的に一致しない内側部(41)と、を備える、請求項1に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。 - 前記複数の脛骨ベースプレート(12)のそれぞれが、前記内側区画(22)に後内側ベースプレート斜面部(32)を含み、
前記複数の脛骨支持部品(14)のそれぞれが、前記内側部(41)に形成された後内側支持斜面部(50)を含み、
前記複数の脛骨支持部品のそれぞれが、前記複数の脛骨ベースプレートのうちの1つに取り付けられてそれぞれの人工脛骨組立体(10)を形成しき、前記ベースプレート斜面部と前記支持斜面部とが協働して実質的に連続な斜面部を前記人工脛骨組立体に形成する、請求項11に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。 - 前記複数の脛骨支持部品(14)のうちの少なくとも1つとある屈曲範囲で関節接続するよう少なくとも1つの大腿骨部品(60)と組み合わされる、請求項11に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。
- それぞれの人工脛骨が脛骨に取り付けられるときに前記前後軸が身体軸と揃い、前記身体軸は、
後十字靭帯と脛骨との間の付着領域の幾何学的中心にある後方点(CP)から
脛骨の前結節(B)に配置される前方点(CA)まで延びる直線として規定され、前記結節は結節幅(W)を有し、前記前方点は、前記結節上で脛骨の中点(PT)からW/6に等しい距離だけ内側方向に離れた位置に配置される、請求項1に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。 - 前記複数の人工脛骨のそれぞれが、
前縁(202)と、
前記前縁とは概ね反対側に位置し、前記外側区画(20)と前記内側区画(22)との間にあるPCL切除領域(28)と、を備え、
前記前後軸が前記前縁を二分し、かつ前記PCL切除領域を二分する、請求項1に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。 - 前記内側区画(22)が、前記前後軸に対して前記外側区画(20)と非対称であり、それにより前記プロテーゼ外周(200)のそれぞれが、対応するサイズの脛骨の切除された近位面の約60%〜約90%を覆うサイズ及び形状に形成される、請求項1に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。
- 前記内側区画(22)が前記前後軸と協働して内側表面積(SAM)を取り囲み、
前記外側区画が前記前後軸と協働して外側表面積(SAL)を取り囲み、
前記内側表面積が前記外側表面積より広い、請求項16に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。 - 前記複数の人工脛骨のそれぞれが、
前縁(202)と、
前記前縁とは概ね反対側に位置し、前記外側区画(20)の後方境界線を形成する外側後縁(204)と、
前記前縁とは概ね反対側に位置し、前記内側区画(22)の後方境界線を形成する内側後縁(206)を備え、
前記外側区画が、前記プロテーゼ外周の前記前縁から前記外側後縁まで延びる外側前後長(DAPL)を規定し、
前記内側区画が、前記プロテーゼ外周の前記前縁から前記内側後縁まで延びる内側前後長(DAPM)を規定し、
前記内側前後長が前記外側前後長より長い、請求項16に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。 - 前記後−内側コーナーが後−内側コーナー半径(R3R)を規定し、
前記後−外側コーナーが、その後−内側コーナー半径より実質的に短い後−外側コーナー半径(R4L)を規定している、請求項16に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。 - 前記複数のプロテーゼ外周のそれぞれが、
前縁(202)と、
前記前縁とは概ね反対側に位置し、前記外側区画(20)の後方境界線を形成する外側後縁(204)と、
前記前縁とは概ね反対側に位置し、前記内側区画(22)の後方境界線を形成する内側後縁(206)を備え、
前記外側区画が、前記前縁から前記外側後縁まで延びる外側外周を備え、前記外側外周が複数の隣り合う外側円弧(208、210、212、214、216)を規定し、その複数の隣り合う外側円弧の1つのペアが、第1の外側半径と第2の外側半径とをそれぞれ規定し、第1の外側半径は第2の外側半径より少なくとも100%大きく、
前記内側区画が、前記前縁から前記内側後縁まで延びる内側外周を備え、前記内側外周が複数の隣り合う内側円弧(220、222、224)を規定し、その複数の隣り合う内側円弧の1つのペアが、第1の内側半径と第2の内側半径とをそれぞれ規定し、第1の内側半径は第2の内側半径より75%未満大きい、請求項16に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。 - 前記外側区画(20)が複数の隣り合う外側円弧(208、210、212、214、216)を規定し、
前記内側区画(22)が複数の隣り合う内側円弧(220、222、224)を規定し、
前記複数の隣り合う外側円弧の数が、前記複数の隣り合う内側円弧の数より多い、請求項16に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。 - 前記プロテーゼ外周(200)のそれぞれが前縁(202)を規定し、
前記外側区画(20)が、第1の半径中心(C2L)を有する前−外側コーナー半径(R2L)を規定する前−外側コーナーを含み、
前記内側区画(22)が、第2の半径中心(C1R)を有する前−内側コーナー半径(R1R)を規定する前−内側コーナーを含み、
前記内側外側軸(AML)が、前記プロテーゼ外周の中にあってさらに前記前後軸に垂直な最長の線分を規定し、
前記第1の径方向中心は、前記内側外側軸と前記前縁との間に配置され、前記第2の径方向中心は、前記内側外側軸の後方に配置される、請求項16に記載の人工脛骨のファミリー。 - 近位脛骨に取り付けられるサイズに形成された人工脛骨のファミリーであって、このファミリーが、
複数のプロテーゼ外周(200x)を規定する複数の人工脛骨を備え、それぞれの前記プロテーゼ外周(200)は、
図心(C)と、
前記プロテーゼ外周を内側区画(22)と外側区画(20)とに分割する前後軸と、
前記図心から前記プロテーゼ外周の後−内側コーナーまで延びる後−内側距離(DMP)と、
前記図心から前記プロテーゼ外周の後−外側コーナーまで延びる後−外側距離(DLP)を規定し、
前記複数のプロテーゼ外周は、
小さな後−内側長を有する前記後−内側距離と、小さな後−外側長を持つ前記後−外側距離とを規定する小型の外周と、
前記小さな後−内側長より後−内側増分だけ長い大きな後−内側長を有する前記後−内側距離と、前記小さな後−外側長より後−外側増分だけ長い大きな後−外側長を有する前記後−外側距離とを規定する大型の外周を含み、
前記後−内側増分が前記後−外側増分より多い、人工脛骨のファミリー。
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