JP5419235B2 - 半導体装置の製造方法 - Google Patents
半導体装置の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5419235B2 JP5419235B2 JP2011521893A JP2011521893A JP5419235B2 JP 5419235 B2 JP5419235 B2 JP 5419235B2 JP 2011521893 A JP2011521893 A JP 2011521893A JP 2011521893 A JP2011521893 A JP 2011521893A JP 5419235 B2 JP5419235 B2 JP 5419235B2
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- lead
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L2924/00—Indexing scheme for arrangements or methods for connecting or disconnecting semiconductor or solid-state bodies as covered by H01L24/00
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Description
先ず、本願において開示される発明の代表的な実施の形態について概要を説明する。
(a)半導体チップが固定されたリードフレームをモールド金型にセットして、前記半導体チップを封止レジンにより封止することにより、前記リードフレーム上にレジン封止体を形成する工程、
ここで、前記リードフレームは、以下を含む:
(i)前記半導体チップが固定された、ダイパッド;
(ii)前記ダイパッドの外部周辺から、前記レジン封止体の底面と、ほぼ同一平面を形成するように延びて前記レジン封止体の側面に達する複数のインナリード、および、前記複数のインナリードの各々に連結して前記レジン封止体の前記側面から突出した複数のアウタリード;
(iii)前記複数のアウタリードの外端部の近傍を連結するダムバー;
(iv)前記複数のアウタリード間を充填し、前記レジン封止体の前記側面から突出するリード間レジン突出部、
更に、前記半導体装置の製造方法は以下の工程を含む:
(b)前記工程(a)の後、前記リード間レジン突出部にレーザ光を照射することによって、前記リード間レジン突出部を除去する工程、
ここで、前記工程(b)は、以下の工程を含む:
(b1)前記複数のアウタリードの側面に対して、前記レーザ光を、傾斜して照射する工程。
(c)前記工程(b)の後、前記複数のアウタリードの露出部表面に半田層を形成する工程。
(d)前記工程(c)の後、前記レジン封止体に対して、レーザマーキングを実行する工程。
(e)前記工程(d)の後、前記複数のアウタリードの前記外端部を切断することによって、前記複数のアウタリードと前記ダムバーを分離するとともに、前記レジン封止体を前記リードフレームから分離する工程。
(f)前記工程(b)の後で前記工程(c)の前に、前記複数のアウタリードの表面に対して、ウォータジェット処理を実行する工程。
(a)半導体チップが固定されたリードフレームをモールド金型にセットして、前記半導体チップを封止レジンにより封止することにより、前記リードフレーム上にレジン封止体を形成する工程、
ここで、前記リードフレームは、以下を含む:
(i)前記半導体チップが固定された、ダイパッド;
(ii)前記ダイパッドの外部周辺から、前記レジン封止体の底面と、ほぼ同一平面を形成するように延びて前記レジン封止体の側面に達する複数のインナリード;
(iii)前記複数のインナリードの各々に連結して前記レジン封止体の前記側面から突出した複数のアウタリード、
更に、前記半導体装置の製造方法は以下の工程を含む:
(b)前記工程(a)の後、前記複数のアウタリードにレーザ光を照射することによって、前記複数のアウタリード間または、それらの側面のレジン部材を除去する工程、
ここで、前記工程(b)は、以下の工程を含む:
(b1)前記複数のアウタリードの前記側面に対して、前記レーザ光を、傾斜して照射する工程。
(c)前記工程(b)の後、前記複数のアウタリードの露出部表面に半田層を形成する工程。
(d)前記工程(c)の後、前記レジン封止体に対して、レーザマーキングを実行する工程。
(e)前記工程(b)の後で前記工程(c)の前に、前記複数のアウタリードの表面に対して、ウォータジェット処理を実行する工程。
(a)半導体チップが固定されたリードフレームをモールド金型にセットして、前記半導体チップを封止レジンにより封止することにより、前記リードフレーム上にレジン封止体を形成する工程、
ここで、前記リードフレームは、以下を含む:
(i)前記半導体チップが固定された、ダイパッド;
(ii)前記ダイパッドの外部周辺から、前記レジン封止体の底面と、ほぼ同一平面を形成するように延びて前記レジン封止体の側面に達する複数のインナリード、および、前記複数のインナリードの各々に連結して前記レジン封止体の前記側面から突出した複数のアウタリード;
(iii)前記複数のアウタリードの外端部の近傍を連結するダムバー;
(iv)前記複数のアウタリード間を充填し、前記レジン封止体の前記側面から突出するリード間レジン突出部、
更に、前記半導体装置の製造方法は以下の工程を含む:
(b)前記工程(a)の後、前記リード間レジン突出部にレーザ光を照射することによって、前記リード間レジン突出部を除去する工程;
(c)前記工程(b)の後、前記リード間レジン突出部を除去することで露出した表面と残存するレジン表面の境界周辺のレジンの第1部分にレーザ光を照射することによって、前記レジンの前記第1部分の表面を除去する工程;
(d)前記工程(c)の後、前記レジン封止体から突出した前記リードフレームの表面に金属被膜を形成する工程。
1.本願において、実施の態様の記載は、必要に応じて、便宜上複数のセクションに分けて記載する場合もあるが、特にそうでない旨明示した場合を除き、これらは相互に独立別個のものではなく、単一の例の各部分、一方が他方の一部詳細または一部または全部の変形例等である。また、原則として、同様の部分は繰り返しを省略する。また、実施の態様における各構成要素は、特にそうでない旨明示した場合、理論的にその数に限定される場合および文脈から明らかにそうでない場合を除き、必須のものではない。
実施の形態について更に詳述する。各図中において、同一または同様の部分は同一または類似の記号または参照番号で示し、説明は原則として繰り返さない。
図1は本願発明の一実施の形態の半導体装置の製造方法により製造された半導体装置のQFN型類似のパッケージ構造の一例を示すパッケージ上面図である。図2は本願発明の一実施の形態の半導体装置の製造方法により製造された半導体装置のパッケージ構造の一例を示すパッケージ下面図である。図3は図2の封止体裏面コーナ部R1のパッケージ拡大下面図である。図4は図1のX−X’断面に対応するパッケージ断面図である。これらに基づいて、本願の一実施形態の半導体装置の製造方法による半導体装置のパッケージ構造等を説明する。
このセクションでは、セクション1で説明した半導体装置の製造方法に使用するリードフレームの構造および、当該半導体装置の製造方法における組み立てプロセスの流れを説明する。
ハーフエッチ部15内の吊りリード9、インナリード内端5i(ボンディング部)、ダイパッド周縁等は裏面からハーフエッチされている(これは、必須ではないが、リード等の抜け防止に有効である)。
このセクションでは、セクション2で説明したレーザ樹脂除去工程104(図7)の詳細および、その工程を効率よく実施できるアウタリード構造について説明する。
セクション2および3で説明した実施の形態(主実施形態)では、主に、リードフレームをほぼ水平に保持した状態で、その上面又は下面にほぼ垂直に上方からレーザビームを照射する例(垂直照射方式)を示したが、これは、現在のレーザ照射装置の現状から最も実用的だからである。すなわち、アウタリード側に傾斜が付いているので、XYテーブル等の制御がやりやすい水平動作が可能である。また、レーザビームを垂直照射するので、途中でレーザビームの方向を変更する必要がないので、走査効率がよい。リードフレームの上方からレーザビームを照射するので、既存の汎用装置を利用できる。リードフレームの上面側からレーザビームを照射するメリットは、上面側の方が、封止体の端部を認識しやすいからである。
セクション1から4に説明したプロセスにおいては、以下のような問題があることが、本願発明者らによって明らかにされた。すなわち、リードにレーザ光が照射(1次レーザ照射)されると、リードから金属異物(元素)が周囲に飛散する。この飛散した金属異物が、リード間レジン突出部を除去する工程(図7のダムレジン除去工程104)により露出したレジンの表面(端部)に付着する。すなわち、リード間レジン突出部を除去する工程(図7のダムレジン除去工程104)を実施することにより飛散する金属異物は、本除去工程での除去部分に近接する周辺のレジン表面に付着する。そして、この状態でメッキ工程106(図7)を行うと、この付着した金属異物上にも金属被膜(メッキ層)25が形成され、隣り合うアウタリードが短絡する。なお、金属被膜(メッキ層)25(図15)がレジンの表面に形成されるもう一つの理由は、端部に電界が集中し易いため、レジンの表面(端部)に付着する金属異物の量が少ない(薄い)場合でも、メッキ工程において金属被膜25が形成されてしまうからである。
このような問題を解決するためには、以下のような対策が考えられる。すなわち、1次レーザ照射工程の後、この1次レーザ照射工程により露出したレジン表面と残存するレジン表面の境界周辺の一部(第1部分)にレーザ光を照射(スポット照射)する工程(2次レーザ照射工程)により、レジンの一部(金属異物が付着したレジンの表面における一部)を除去することが有効である。このとき、前記実施の形態のように、リードフレームの上面側からレーザ光を照射する場合は、図44又は図57に示すように、レジンの上面側の一部のみ除去することも可能である。これは、上記のように、1次レーザ照射工程においてレーザ光をリードフレームの上面側から照射すると、飛散した金属異物がリードフレームおよびレジンの上面(レーザが照射される面)側に主に付着するためである。このプロセスによれば、2次レーザ照射工程の短時間化を図ることができる。
前記又は以下に説明するいずれかの方法を選択することにより、隣り合うアウタリード間を跨るように、レジンの表面(端部)に金属被膜(メッキ層)が形成されないため、信頼性の高い半導体装置を提供することができる。
以下に説明する例は、基本的部分は、セクション1から3に説明したところと、ほぼ同一であるので、以下では、原則として、異なる部分及び説明を省略した部分について説明する(以下のセクションにおいても同じ)。
このセクションで説明するレーザ処理プロセス(レジン部材処理)は、基本的にセクション3と同じであり、以下では、原則として、異なる部分(追加された部分又は置換された部分)及び説明を省略した部分を説明する。
図49は本願の前記他の実施の形態の半導体装置の製造方法におけるパッケージ形状の変形例(周辺ダムレジン残存型)の上面斜視図である。図50は本願の前記他の実施の形態の半導体装置の製造方法におけるパッケージ形状の変形例(周辺ダムレジン残存型)の下面斜視図である。これらに基づいて、本願の前記他の実施の形態の半導体装置の製造方法におけるパッケージ形状の変形例(周辺ダムレジン残存型)を説明する。
このレーザ処理プロセスは、セクション9で説明したものと基本的に同じであり、その変形例であるので、原則として、異なる部分のみを説明する。
このセクションでは、以上に説明した主に1次レーザ照射工程(セクション1から4においては、図7のレーザダムレジン除去工程)について、リード形状等とレーザ照射角度又はスキャン方法についてまとめて説明する。
前記実施の形態においては、主にウエットエッチングによりパターニングしたリードフレームを使用した組み立てプロセスについて、具体的に説明したが、本願発明は、それに限定されるものではなく、切断金型等のプレス加工(打ち抜き加工)によるリードフレームおよびプレス加工とウエットエッチングを併用したリードフレームを使用した組み立てプロセスにも適用できることは言うまでもない。その一例を以下に説明する。
セクション3,9および11のレーザ照射プロセスでは、パッケージ全体にわたって大域的にスキャンを実行する例を中心に説明したが、このセクションでは、それに対する変形例として、局所的なスキャンを繰り返してパッケージ全体の必要な部分をカバーする方式を説明する。
(1)1次&2次一体局所レーザスキャン方式(主に図64)
図64に示すように、この方式では1次レーザ照射工程と2次レーザ照射工程を各アウタリード間開口10に対応する領域に対して、局所統合レーザ照射工程として、たとえば局所スキャンパス56に沿って、一つずつ実行し、一つが完了すると、大域スキャン経路18に沿って次のアウタリード間開口10に対応する領域に移動して同様の処理を繰り返すものである。ここで、局所スキャンパス56のような経路でレーザ照射を実行すると、アウタリード4にまたがる初期のスキャン経路で飛散&付着した金属等を最終段階のレジン上照射でレジン表面層とともに除去することができる。
(2)1次局所レーザスキャン方式(主に図65)
図65に示すように、この方式では1次レーザ照射工程のみを各アウタリード間開口10に対応する領域に対して、局所レーザ照射工程として、たとえば局所スキャンパス56に沿って、一つずつ実行し、一つが完了すると、大域スキャン経路18に沿って次のアウタリード間開口10に対応する領域に移動して同様の処理を繰り返すものである。そして、2次レーザ照射工程としては、1次レーザ照射工程完了後、セクション9と同様に、2次レーザビームスキャン経路33に沿って、一括して、スポット照射を行う。
このセクションでは、セクション3の図22に関して説明した点について、補足的な説明等を行う。すなわち、図22のθテーブル65上のリードフレーム12の搭載構造の詳細等を説明する。
(1)ガスシステムの基本的形態(主に図66及び図67)
図66及び図67に示すように、たとえば1次レーザ照射工程を例にとると(この構造は基本的に2次レーザ照射工程でも同じ)、レーザスキャン時には、ガス供給ノズル73から雰囲気ガス(たとえば、空気。必要があるときは、アルゴンガス、窒素ガス等の不活性ガスでも良い)を供給して、リードフレーム保持治具75に設けられた排気開口76を介して、下方のガス排気孔57から吸引して排気するような構成としている。このことによって、1次レーザ照射工程等で発生した金属蒸気等の飛散物の再付着を減少させることができる。なお、以上の構成は必須ではないことは言うまでもない。
(2)シートモールドの一例(主に図68)
ここでは、シートモールドパッケージ、すなわち、下側に離型シートを敷いた状態でレジンモールドするタイプのパッケージに対するレーザ照射時に有効なガス系の構成をたとえば2次レーザ照射工程を例にとって説明する。
以上本発明者によってなされた発明を実施形態に基づいて具体的に説明したが、本発明はそれに限定されるものではなく、その要旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々変更可能であることは言うまでもない。
1a 半導体チップの上面(デバイス面)
2 レジン封止体(パッケージ)
2a (レジン封止体の)上面
2b (レジン封止体の)底面
2c (レジン封止体の)コーナの面取り部
2d (レジン封止体の)側面
2e エジェクタピン跡
3 ダイパッド
3a (ダイパッドの)上面
3b (ダイパッドの)下面
4 アウタリード
4r アウタリード側面の実形状
4s アウタリード側面
5 インナリード
5i インナリード内端(ボンディング部)
5ir インナリード内端部側面の実形状
5p インナリード主要部
5r インナリード主要部側面の実形状
5s インナリード側面
6 金ワイヤ(ボンディングワイヤ)
7 バンパー
8 接着剤層
9 ダイパッドサポートリード(吊りリード)
10 アウタリード間開口
11 ダムバー(タイバー)
12 リードフレーム
12a (リードフレームの)上面
12b (リードフレームの)下面
12c (リードフレームの)枠部
14 ボンディングパッド
15 ハーフエッチ部
16 スリット
17 コーナ開口
18,18a,18b,18c 1次レーザビームスキャン経路(大域スキャン経路)
19 1次レーザビームスキャン経路シフト方向
20,20a,20b,20c 1次レーザビーム照射サブ領域
21 ダムバー切断金型が切り取る部分
22 コーナ部切断金型が切り取る部分
23 レジン封止体(またはモールドキャビティ)の外周
24 レーザ照射域(その外周)
25 半田メッキ層
26 1次レーザビームスキャン方向
30 レーザビーム断面
32、32a,32b,32c レーザビームスポット照射領域
33 2次レーザビームスキャン経路
34 第1の部分
35 2次レジン除去部
36 レジン露出部
37 レジン残存部(レジンテラス)
38 エッチングによる凹凸
42 半田フィレット(または再凝固半田層)
45 配線基板
46 ランド
51 モールド金型
53 モールドキャビティ
54 リード間レジン突出部(アウタリード残留レジン部材)
55 成形金型
56 局所スキャンパス
57 ガス排気孔
58 位置認識光学系
59 レーザ照射装置
60 レーザ装置基台
61,61a,61b,61c レジン除去用レーザ光(レーザビーム)
62 レジン除去用レーザビームデリバリヘッド
63 レーザ用Xテーブル
64 レーザ用Yテーブル
65 θテーブル
66 Z移動機構
67 水平回転φ移動機構(水平回転アーム)
68 θ移動機構
69 被処理物用Xテーブル
70 被処理物用Yテーブル
71 マーキング用レーザ光(レーザビーム)
72 マーキング用レーザビームデリバリヘッド
73 ガス供給ノズル
74 ガスジェット
75 リードフレーム保持治具
76 排気開口
77 ガス流
91 垂線(またはレーザビームと平行な線)
92 (図25C−C’断面の)アウタリードの側面に略平行な面(回帰平面)
100 組立工程
101 ダイボンディング工程
102 ワイヤボンディング工程
103 樹脂封止工程
104 レーザ樹脂除去工程
105 水圧バリ取り処理
106 半田メッキ工程
107 レーザマーキング工程
108 切断工程
109 実装工程(半田フロー)
D 下面のクリアランス
LB リードバンパー間隔
LL リード間隔
P リードピッチ
R1 封止体裏面コーナ部
R2 アウタリード間領域
R3 封止体周辺部
S スポット照射長
Td パルス継続時間
Tr パルス繰り返し間隔
W せり出し量
θ レーザ光の傾斜角
Claims (12)
- 以下の工程を含む半導体装置の製造方法:
(a)半導体チップが固定されたリードフレームをモールド金型にセットして、前記半導体チップを封止レジンにより封止することにより、前記リードフレーム上にレジン封止体を形成する工程、
ここで、前記リードフレームは、以下を含む:
(i)前記半導体チップが固定された、ダイパッド;
(ii)前記ダイパッドの外部周辺から前記レジン封止体の底面とほぼ同一平面を形成するように延びて前記レジン封止体の側面に達する複数のインナリード、および、前記複数のインナリードの各々に連結して前記レジン封止体の前記側面から突出した複数のアウタリード;
(iii)前記複数のアウタリードの外端部の近傍を連結するダムバー;
(iv)前記複数のアウタリード間を充填し、前記レジン封止体の前記側面から突出するリード間レジン突出部、
更に、前記半導体装置の製造方法は以下の工程を含む:
(b)前記工程(a)の後、前記リード間レジン突出部に第1レーザ光を照射することによって、前記リード間レジン突出部を除去する工程;
(c)前記工程(b)の後、前記リード間レジン突出部を除去することで露出したレジン表面の第1部分に第2レーザ光をスポット照射することによって、前記レジン表面の前記第1部分の表面を除去する工程;
(d)前記工程(c)の後、前記レジン封止体から突出した前記複数のアウタリードのそれぞれの表面に金属被膜を形成する工程。 - 請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法において、前記工程(b)では、前記リード間レジン突出部と前記複数のアウタリードのそれぞれに前記第1レーザ光を照射することによって、前記リード間レジン突出部を除去し、前記複数のアウタリードのそれぞれの側面を露出させる。
- 請求項2に記載の半導体装置の製造方法において、前記工程(b)では、前記複数のアウタリードのそれぞれの側面に対して、前記第1レーザ光を傾斜して照射する。
- 請求項2に記載の半導体装置の製造方法において、前記複数のアウタリードの長手方向に垂直な断面は、正立した、ほぼ台形状を呈しており、前記工程(b)において、前記第1レーザ光は、前記リードフレームの上面側から照射される。
- 請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法において、前記レジン表面の前記第1部分は、前記レジン封止体の一部である。
- 請求項5に記載の半導体装置の製造方法において、前記工程(c)において、前記第2レーザ光は、前記レジン封止体の中央部側に傾斜した状態でスポット照射される。
- 請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法において、前記レジン表面の前記第1部分は、前記リード間レジン突出部の残存部である。
- 請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法において、前記工程(c)における前記レジンの前記第1部分の除去は、前記第2レーザ光をスポット照射して、前記レジン表面の上面側から下面側へ貫通するように行われる。
- 請求項4に記載の半導体装置の製造方法において、前記リードフレームは、その上下両面からのウエットエッチングによってパターニングされている。
- 請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法において、更に以下の工程を含む:
(e)前記工程(d)の後、前記レジン封止体に対して、レーザマーキングを実行する工程。 - 請求項10に記載の半導体装置の製造方法において、前記レーザマーキングにおけるレーザパワーは、前記工程(b)におけるレーザパワーよりも弱い。
- 請求項1に記載の半導体装置の製造方法において、前記工程(c)の後、かつ、前記工程(d)の前に、前記複数のアウタリードの表面に対して、ウォータジェット処理を実行する工程。
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CN104465414B (zh) | 2017-08-15 |
US20120108013A1 (en) | 2012-05-03 |
WO2011004746A1 (ja) | 2011-01-13 |
US9087850B2 (en) | 2015-07-21 |
CN102473651A (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
JP2014003346A (ja) | 2014-01-09 |
CN102473651B (zh) | 2014-12-17 |
US20150294870A1 (en) | 2015-10-15 |
CN104465414A (zh) | 2015-03-25 |
JP5689514B2 (ja) | 2015-03-25 |
JPWO2011004746A1 (ja) | 2012-12-20 |
US9263274B2 (en) | 2016-02-16 |
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