JP5248324B2 - 製品及び方法 - Google Patents
製品及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5248324B2 JP5248324B2 JP2008546601A JP2008546601A JP5248324B2 JP 5248324 B2 JP5248324 B2 JP 5248324B2 JP 2008546601 A JP2008546601 A JP 2008546601A JP 2008546601 A JP2008546601 A JP 2008546601A JP 5248324 B2 JP5248324 B2 JP 5248324B2
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Images
Classifications
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Description
本発明は、メリビオースをα−ガラクトビオース二糖類に変換可能なガラクトース転移活性を有する新規なα−ガラクトシダーゼに関する。特に、本発明は、ビフィドバクテリウム・ビフィダム(Bifidobacterium bifidum)の最近発見された系統株から単離されたα−ガラクトシダーゼに関する。
材料及び方法
本試験において使用した全ての試薬および培地はSigma(ドーセット、英国)、Invitrogen(ペーズリー、英国)、Oxoid(ベージングストーク、英国)、Qiagen(ウェストサセックス、英国)及びPromega(サウサンプトン、英国)から入手した。
ビフィドバクテリウム・ビフィダム株(NCIMB 41171)は、Microbankチューブ中の低温ビーズ上で−70℃にて維持した。後の実験のため、該株を、Wilkinson Chalgren(WC)アガー(Oxoid、英国)及びTPY培地(トリプチケースファイトン酵母エキス培地)上で回復させ、嫌気的条件下(CO2およびN2がそれぞれ80%および20%)にて37℃で48時間増殖させた。グラム染色によりコロニーの形態およびコンタミネーションがないことを確認した。
本試験で用いた大腸菌(Escherichia coli) RA11r株及びDH5a株は、常法に従い、Luria Bertani(LB)アガーまたはLBブロス中で37℃の好気的条件下でインキュベートし(Sambrook J.and Russell W.D.(2001).Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual.Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press、New York)、必要な場合には、抗生物質(100μg/mlのアンピシリン及び/または15μg/mlのクロラムフェニコール)及び40μlの2%X−α−ガラクトピラノシド(X−α−Gal)、7μlの20%IPTG(イソプロピル−β−D−チオガラクトシド)を、事前に作製した90mmアガープレート表面に塗付することにより補充した。
Lawson et al.(1989)の方法を用いて、ビフィドバクテリウム・ビフィダム株(NCIMB 41171)からゲノムDNAを単離した。
本試験においては、pBluescript KS(+)ベクター(Stratagene、North Torrey Pines Road)を使用した。該クローニングベクターは、自身のプロモーターを欠く遺伝子の転写開始に必要なlacプロモーターを、pBluescript KS(+)がコードすることから選択された。
原核細胞DNA内に高頻度に現れる6個のヌクレオチドから成る配列を認識する3種類の制限酵素を用いて、ゲノムDNAを部分的に消化した。EcoRI、BamHI及びPstIは、それぞれ5’G/AATTC’3、5’G/GATCC’3、及び5’CTGCA/G’3の配列を特異的に認識するタイプII制限エンドヌクレアーゼであり、これらの配列内で2本鎖を切断し、EcoRI及びBamHIについては、それぞれ、4個のヌクレオチドAATT、GATCから成る5’突出を生じさせ、PstIはACGTから成る3’突出を生じさせる。
ゲノムDNAサンプルの制限酵素処理物の全てを37℃で2時間インキュベートし、最後に65℃で20分間インキュベートして熱により不活性化させた。次いで、反応物を室温にて冷まし、適当量のローディングバッファーを加え、密封ガラスキャピラリーを用いて穏やかに混和した。次いで、この溶液を0.8%アガロースゲルのウェルにローディングし(4〜5ボルト/cmの電力供給で14〜16時間)、消化したDNAのサイズを、1kbpのDNAスタンダード(Promega、英国)のサイズを用いて推計した(Sambrook J. Molecular Cloning:A Laboratory Manual (2002))。
前記反応混合物及びアガロースゲルからの断片の精製は、Qiagen製(ウェストサセックス、英国)のQIAEX gel extraction kitを用いて行った。プロトコルは、製造元のマニュアルに詳細に記載されている。
Qiaex gel extraction kitを用いてDNA断片を精製した後、これらの断片をCIAP処理したpBluescript KS(+)ベクターにライゲーションした。ライゲーションの際には、表1に示すように、適切量のDNAを滅菌した0.5 mlマイクロチューブに移した。
PstI処理した染色体DNAのライゲーション混合液からは、スクリーニングを行った約2500個の形質転換体の中から2個のα−ガラクトシダーゼ陽性クローン(pMelA1とpMelA2)が得られた。一方EcoRIとBamHIで処理した染色体DNAの場合では、スクリーニングを行った合計約4000個の形質転換体の中から、陽性クローンを得ることはできなかった。
2つのPstI陽性クローンをEcroRI、PstI、BamHI、HindIII、SmaI、及びKpnI制限酵素で処理した。制限酵素EcroRI、PstI及びBamHIによる消化は、類似する制限酵素処理パターンを示し、1つの約5kbp の断片(目的の遺伝子)および1つの約3kbpの断片(プラスミドDNA)は、これらの酵素が同じ場所で切断したことを示す。HindIIIでは、6.5kbpの断片と、1.5kbpの断片を生じたが、SmaIとKpnIでは、約8kbpのサイズを有する1つの断片が生じたことから、これらは、ただ一箇所でのみ切断したことが示された。両プラスミドが類似する制限酵素パターンを有することは、これらが同一のインサートDNA断片を含むことを示していた。
DNA配列決定は、BigDye Terminator V.3.0 cycle sequencing kit(Applied Biosystems、米国)を用いて、Sangerのジデオキシチェーンターミネーション法により行い、キャピラリー電気泳動が組み込まれた、蛍光に基づくDNA解析システムであるABI Prism 3100を用いて解析を行った。
オープンリーディングフレーム(ORF)の位置は、NCBIのORF finderを用いて特定された。細菌の遺伝暗号を用い、フレームの長さを300bpと定めた。ヌクレオチド配列は、6種類の全てのフレーム候補を翻訳し、α−ガラクトシダーゼと推定される配列をコードする759個のアミノ酸から成るオープンリーディングフレームを同定した(翻訳結果を図2に示す)。開始コドン及び終止コドンが確認された。
ビフィドバクテリウム・ビフィダムNCIMB 41171から単離してクローニングしたα−ガラクトシダーゼ酵素を用いた、大腸菌宿主(RA11株)内における合成
他に記載のない限り、以下に記載する合成は、細胞透過性を増加させ、その細胞膜を破壊することにより細胞を増殖不能にするために、大腸菌試料(10、000gの遠心により回収)を2000ppmの濃度のトルエンで処理した大腸菌RA11宿主細胞を用いて行った。該大腸菌試料は、実施例1「大腸菌株」に記載の通りに調製した。
α−ガラクトシダーゼを用いた合成は、初期のメリビオース濃度を40%(w/w)とした基質濃度で行った。合成溶液は、pH 6.0の0.1 Mリン酸バッファー中に調整した。合成は、150rpmの振とう水浴中で40℃にて行った。特定の酵素試料の異なるpH値での活性測定(基質としてp−ニトロフェニル−α−D−ガラクトピラノシドを使用)に基づいて、特定の酵素の最適pHを選択した。
Claims (17)
- 配列番号2に示されるアミノ酸配列からなるタンパク質をコードするDNA。
- 前記DNAが、配列番号1に示されるDNAである、請求項1に記載のDNA。
- 請求項1または請求項2に記載のDNAにコードされる酵素。
- 配列番号2に示されるアミノ酸配列、または配列番号2に示されるアミノ酸配列の断片であって、メリビオースをα−ガラクトビオース二糖類に変換するα−ガラクトース転移酵素活性を有する断片を含む酵素。
- 配列番号2に定められるアミノ酸配列を有するα−ガラクトシダーゼ。
- 請求項1又は請求項2に記載のDNAを含む組換えベクター。
- 前記ベクターが、発現ベクターである、請求項6に記載の組換えベクター。
- 請求項1または請求項2に記載のDNAを含む宿主細胞。
- 請求項6または請求項7に記載のベクターを含む宿主細胞。
- 前記細胞が、細菌細胞、酵母細胞または真菌細胞である、請求項8または請求項9に記載の宿主細胞。
- 前記細胞が、ビフィドバクテリウム属、ラクトコッカス属、ラクトバチルス属、エシェリキア属、バチルス属、及びアスペルギルス属から成る群より選択される、請求項10に記載の宿主細胞。
- 前記細胞が、ビフィドバクテリウム・ビフィダム、バチルス・スブチリス、バチルス・サーキュランス及びアスペルギルス・ニガーから成る群から選択される、請求項11に記載の宿主細胞。
- α−ガラクトビオース二糖類の製造のための、請求項3〜5のいずれか1項に記載の酵素または請求項8〜12のいずれか1項に記載の細胞の使用。
- 液乳、乾燥粉乳、乳幼児用ミルク、粉ミルク、アイスクリーム、ヨーグルト、チーズ、発酵乳製品等の乳製品、フルーツジュース等の飲料、乳児食、シリアル、パン、ビスケット、菓子類、ケーキ、食品サプリメント、栄養サプリメント、プロバイオティック食品、プレバイオティック食品、動物飼料、家禽飼料及び薬物から成る群より選択される製品の一部となるα−ガラクトビオース二糖類の製造のための、請求項3〜5のいずれか1項に記載の酵素または請求項8〜12のいずれか1項に記載の細胞の使用。
- 液乳、乾燥粉乳、乳幼児用ミルク、粉ミルク、アイスクリーム、ヨーグルト、チーズ、発酵乳製品等の乳製品、フルーツジュース等の飲料、乳児食、シリアル、パン、ビスケット、菓子類、ケーキ、食品サプリメント、栄養サプリメント、プロバイオティック食品、プレバイオティック食品、動物飼料、家禽飼料及び薬物から成る群より選択される製品の製造のための、請求項8〜12のいずれか1項に記載の宿主細胞の使用。
- 請求項8〜12のいずれか1項に記載の宿主細胞を、請求項3〜5のいずれか1項に記載の酵素を発現させる条件下で、適切な培養培地中で培養すること、および、前記培養物から生じた酵素を前記培養物から回収することを含む、請求項3〜5のいずれか1項に記載の酵素の製造方法。
- 二糖の製造方法であって、請求項3〜5のいずれか1項に記載の酵素または請求項8〜12のいずれか1項に記載の宿主細胞を、メリビオース溶液と接触させることを含む該方法。
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