JP5216989B2 - 3次元構造体の製造方法及び3次元構造体 - Google Patents
3次元構造体の製造方法及び3次元構造体 Download PDFInfo
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Description
2 生体部分
3 台
本発明の第1の側面に係る像形成用組成物は,カルシウム系物質にポリビニルアルコール樹脂を配合させた像形成用組成物であって,前記ポリビニルアルコール樹脂は,前記カルシウム系物質と前記ポリビニルアルコール樹脂の合計重量を100重量部とした場合に,2重量部〜8重量部となるように配合される,像形成用組成物である。
本発明は,最終的には手術練習用の3次元生体模型など,石膏硬化体を得ることを目的とするが,その前に硬度が不十分なものを含め,立体像を得るので,まずは立体像を得るための立体像の製造方法について説明する。
上記したとおりであるから,本発明の第3の側面に係る3次元構造体の製造方法は,基本的には,上記した各工程によって得られた立体像を水又は水溶液に浸漬することなどにより,水分を与えて,石膏の水和反応を進め,これを乾燥させることにより十分な硬度を有する硬化物を得るというものである。
本発明の第4の側面に係る3次元生体模型は,患者の骨又は歯を含む部位の形状を有する3次元構造体に関する。具体的には,本発明の第4の側面に係る3次元構造体は,前記物体の形状は,患者の骨又は歯を含む部位の形状であり,上記いずれかに記載の3次元構造体の製造方法によって製造された,患者の骨又は歯を含む部位の3次元構造体に関する。上記の製造方法によって製造するので,オーダーメイドの3次元生体模型,インプラント又は人工骨などを,鋳型などの高価なデバイスを製造することなく容易に製造できる。そして,得られた3次元生体模型は,患者の骨又は歯を含む部位を再現するものなので,骨を切るラインを容易に設計できるほか,骨を移動させるシミュレーションを容易に行うことができる。また,インプラントやプレートなどを埋没させるシミュレーションなども容易に行うことができる。もちろん,実際の3次元生体模型を医者などの施術者が見ることで,実際の手術前に施術部位に関する理解を深めることができる。また,施術前に,患者に具体的イメージを持って,手術内容を説明でき,患者の理解を促すとともに患者に安心感を与えることができる。更に,従来の模型では,ワックス成分などを含むので,オートクレーブや高温滅菌を行うことができず,手術室へ持ち込むことができない。しかし,本発明の3次元生体模型の好ましい態様では,ワックス成分などを含まないので,オートクレーブや高温滅菌を行うことができ,手術室に持ち込むことができ,一度行った施術シミュレーションを容易に思い出すことができる。もちろん,上記のようにして得られたインプラントや人工骨などの生体内に埋入する埋没物は,適切な形状を有するものであり,オートクレーブなどで滅菌できるので,歯科又は外科治療などにおいて,好ましく用いることができる。すなわち,本発明は,上記のようにして形成したインプラント又は人工骨を用いた,インプラント又は人工骨を患部に埋没する,歯又は骨関連疾患の治療方法をも提供できる。特に,事故などで骨の欠損部位が生じた場合に,対称となる部位の形状から,再現するための部位の形状を推定し,その推定した形状に基づいて,3次元人工骨を得て,欠損部に埋没する骨関連疾患の治療方法を提供できる。また,歯用のインプラントを製造し埋没するに当たり,そのインプラント埋没部を除く部位の生体模型を製造するとともに,インプラント又はインプラントの模型を製造することで,患者に実際のイメージを理解させ,満足感を高めることができるとともに,医師も具体的な施術のイメージを容易に確認できることとなる。
オートクレーブ処理への耐性と,好ましいPVA及び架橋処理との関係を調べるため,本実施例を行った。例えばEDA5%は,乾燥させた立体像の表面に水を吹きかけ,乾燥させた後,エチレンジアミンの5容積%水溶液に浸漬させたことを示す。なお,オートクレーブ耐性の評価は,115℃30分のオートクレーブ処理を行い,オートクレーブ装置内の温度が60℃になるまで静置した後,オートクレーブ装置から3次元構造体(ここでは,上顎の生体模型を製造した)を取り出すことができれば○とし,できなければ×とした。その結果を表1に示す。なお,下記表中,横棒は試験を行っていないものを示す。PVAの種類は,日本合成社製のPVAの製品番号である。
切削性が,骨などと近似しているかどうか確認するため,クラック試験を行った。評価は,大たい骨の生体模型を製造し,その製造した生体模型(3次元構造体)からテストピースを作成し,釘(直径3.2mm)を4本一列に打ち込み,クラックが生ずるかどうか目視にて検証した。図2は,大たい骨の3次元構造体を製造するために描画した,3DCG画像を示す図である。すなわち,本実施例では,図2に示される対象物の立体形状を元に各層の断面図を得て,その得られた断面図に基づいて,図2に示される大たい骨の形状を再現するようにして,立体像を形成し,3次元構造体を製造した。クラックが生じなければ○とし,クラックが生じた場合は×とした。その結果を表2に示す。なお,得られた3次元構造体を用いて切削性の評価も行った。図3は,3次元構造体の切削性を評価する状態を示す図面に替わる写真である。切削性を評価したところ,先の実施例と同様な結果を得ることができた。
次に曲げ強度を測定した。測定は,JISR1609に基づいて測定した。その結果を表3に示す。表中の数値は,MPaである。また,米印は,浸漬工程にてテストピースが壊れ,測定できなかったことを示す。
Claims (5)
- 物体の形状を再現した立体像の製造工程と,前記立体像の製造工程で製造された立体像を用いて3次元構造体を得る工程とを含む,3次元構造体の製造方法であって,
前記立体像の製造工程は,
物体の3次元形状に関する情報に基づいて,前記3次元形状を複数層に分割して得られる各層における断面形状に関する情報を得る断面形状取得工程と;
前記断面形状取得工程において得られた前記断面形状情報から,第1の層における断面形状に関する情報を読み出して,読み出された情報に基づいて,像形成用組成物を用いて前記断面形状を再現した第1の断面像を形成する第1の断層像形成工程と,
前記断面形状取得工程において得られた前記断面形状情報から,前記第1の断面像の上の層に当たる第2の層における断面形状に関する情報を読み出して,読み出された情報に基づいて,像形成用組成物を用いて前記断面形状を再現した第2の断面像を,前記第1の断面像に重なるように形成する第2の断層像形成工程と,
前記第2の断層像形成工程と同様に,前記断面形状取得工程において得られた前記断面形状情報から,前記形成しようとする層における断面形状に関する情報を読み出して,読み出された情報に基づいて,像形成用組成物を用いて前記断面形状を再現した層の断面像を,前の工程で得られた断面像に重なるように形成する工程を繰り返し,
物体の形状を再現した立体像を得るための立体像取得工程を含み,
前記断層像形成工程の少なくとも一つ以上の工程は,
像形成用組成物の粉末を層状にして像形成用組成物層を形成する像形成用組成物層取得工程と,
前記像形成用組成物層取得工程で形成された像形成用組成物の層に,その層の断面形状に関する情報に基づいて水分を添加することにより,前記像形成用組成物層の所定箇所を湿潤させる水分添加工程を含み,
前記像形成用組成物は,
カルシウム系物質にポリビニルアルコール樹脂を配合させた像形成用組成物であって,
前記ポリビニルアルコール樹脂は,前記カルシウム系物質と前記ポリビニルアルコール樹脂の合計重量を100重量部とした場合に,2重量部〜8重量部となるように配合され,
前記立体像を用いて3次元構造体を得る工程は,
前記立体像の製造工程で製造された立体像から,硬化していない像形成用組成物の粉末を取り除くための粉末除去工程と;
前記粉末除去工程で粉末が除去された立体像に水分を添加するための水分添加工程と;
前記水分添加工程で水分が添加された立体像を乾燥させる工程を含み;
前記粉末除去工程後の前記水分添加工程は,
前記粉末除去工程で粉末が除去された立体像に,霧状の水分を吹き付けるか又は立体像を高湿度雰囲気にさらすことで立体像表面に水分を付着させる噴霧工程と,
前記噴霧工程の後に,立体像を水又は水溶液中に浸漬する浸漬工程を含む,
3次元構造体の製造方法。 - 前記粉末除去工程後の前記水分添加工程は,
前記粉末除去工程で粉末が除去された立体像に霧状の水分を吹き付けるか又は立体像を高湿度雰囲気にさらすことで立体像表面に水分を付着させる噴霧工程と,前記噴霧工程の後に,立体像を架橋剤水溶液中に浸漬する浸漬工程;
前記粉末除去工程で粉末が除去された立体像に霧状の架橋剤水溶液を吹き付けるか又は立体像を架橋剤水溶液の高湿度雰囲気にさらすことで立体像表面に架橋剤水溶液を付着させる噴霧工程と,前記噴霧工程の後に,立体像を水又は架橋剤水溶液中に浸漬する浸漬工程;又は
前記粉末除去工程で粉末が除去された立体像に霧状の水分を吹き付けるか又は立体像を高湿度雰囲気にさらすことで立体像表面に水分を付着させる噴霧工程と,前記噴霧工程の後に, 立体像を水中に浸漬し,さらに前記立体像を架橋剤水溶液中に浸漬する浸漬工程,
を含む請求項1に記載の3次元構造体の製造方法。 - 前記架橋剤が,エチレンジアミン又はジエタノールアミンのいずれか又は両方を含む,請求項2に記載の3次元構造体の製造方法。
- 前記物体の形状は,患者の骨又は歯を含む部位の形状であり,
請求項1に記載の3次元構造体の製造方法によって製造された,
患者の骨又は歯を含む部位の3次元構造体。 - 前記像形成用組成物は,
さらに,二水石膏を含み,
前記カルシウム系物質は,半水石膏である,
請求項1に記載の3次元構造体の製造方法。
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JP6683339B1 (ja) * | 2019-03-22 | 2020-04-15 | ポリマーアソシエイツ合同会社 | 耐チッピング及び圧縮強度に優れた石膏成形体及びその製造方法 |
US11684699B2 (en) | 2020-02-25 | 2023-06-27 | ADA Science and Research Institute LLC | Three-dimensional printed hydroxyapatite composite scaffolds for bone regeneration, precursor compositions and methods of printing |
AT525545B1 (de) * | 2021-10-27 | 2023-05-15 | Breitenberger Georg | Verfahren und vorrichtung zur herstellung von formbauteilen |
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CN101426748A (zh) | 2009-05-06 |
US20090298033A1 (en) | 2009-12-03 |
AU2007242324B2 (en) | 2012-02-02 |
KR20100087411A (ko) | 2010-08-05 |
EP2011774A1 (en) | 2009-01-07 |
WO2007122804A1 (ja) | 2007-11-01 |
TW200804224A (en) | 2008-01-16 |
AU2007242324A1 (en) | 2007-11-01 |
JPWO2007122804A1 (ja) | 2009-08-27 |
CA2649840A1 (en) | 2007-11-01 |
US8105517B2 (en) | 2012-01-31 |
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