JP2022539433A - 低暗電流による光検出装置 - Google Patents
低暗電流による光検出装置 Download PDFInfo
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- H01L31/0248—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof characterised by their semiconductor bodies
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- H01L31/028—Inorganic materials including, apart from doping material or other impurities, only elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table
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Abstract
Description
本出願は、2019年8月28日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/892,551号、2019年9月12日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/899,153号、2019年10月31日に出願された米国仮特許出願第62/929,089号、2020年7月20日に出願された米国仮特許出願第63/053,723号の利益を主張し、それらの特許出願は各々がその全体において本明細書に参照により組み込まれている。
11 第1の表面
12 第2の表面
13 側面
20 基板
20a 基礎部分
20b 上方部分
20c 中間部分
21 第1の表面
22 第2の表面
30 第1の電極
40 第3の電極
60 第2の電極、第3の電極
60a、60b、60c、60d 副電極
100a、100b、100c、100d、200a、200b、200c、200d、300a、400a、500a、600a、600c、600f、600g、700a、700c、700d、700e、800a、800c、800d、800e、1000a、1000b、1000d、1000g、1000h、1000i、1100a、1100b、1100d、1200a、1200b、1200c、1300a、1300b、1400c、1400f、1400g、1400j 光検出デバイス
102、104 第1のドープ領域
103 第2の接触領域
108 第2のドープ領域
108a、108b、108c、108d 小領域
130 第3の電極
130A 電圧制御トランジスタ
140 第1の電極
141A リセットトランジスタ
142A ソースフォロワ
143A 行選択トランジスタ
150A コンデンサ
160 第2の電極
171A 転送トランジスタ
180 制限領域
181 通路
200e、200f 光検出装置
201 伝導領域
202 電荷層
203 修正要素
204 第1の接触領域
205 凹部
206 導波路、隆起、トレンチ
208 第3の接触領域
210 中間ドープ領域
212 下方ドープ領域
302a、302b 第1のドープ領域
303 ドープ領域
330a、330b、330c、330d、330e、330f、330g、330h 読み出し電極
340、340a、340b、340c、340d、340e、340f、340g、340h 制御電極
350 誘電体層
900a、900b 光検出装置
1302 コレクタ領域
1304 エミッタ領域
1308 基礎接触領域
1330 第1の電極
1340 第2の電極
1360 第3の電極
1400 保護層
1401 第1の表面
1500a、1500b、1500c、1500d ゲイン構成要素
1510 軽度ドープ領域
1520 エミッタ領域
1530 コレクタ領域
1540 中度ドープ領域
1600a、1600b、1600c、1600d ゲイン構成要素
1610 軽度ドープ領域
1620 エミッタ領域
1630 コレクタ領域
1640 基礎領域
1650 中度ドープ領域
1700a、1700b、1700c、1800a、1800b、1800c CMOSイメージセンサ
1710、1810 軽度ドープ領域
1720、1820 吸収領域
1722、1822 重度ドープ領域
1730、1830 ゲイン構成要素、ゲイン領域
1750 材料
1900a、1900b 光検出装置
1910 軽度ドープ領域
1920 吸収領域
1922 重度ドープ領域
1930a、1930b ゲイン構成要素、ゲイン領域
1940a、1940b 制御領域
2000a、2000b 光検出装置
2010 基板
2020 吸収領域
2030 軽度ドープ経路
2100a 光検出装置
2110 軽度ドープ領域
2130a、2130b ゲイン構成要素
2140a、2140b 制御領域
2150 基板
2300a 光検出装置
2310 軽度ドープ領域
2312 基板
2320 吸収領域
2322 重度ドープ領域
2330a、2330b ゲイン構成要素
2340a、2340b 制御信号
2400a、2400b 光検出装置
2410 軽度ドープ領域
2420 光線吸収領域
2422 重度ドープ領域
2430a、2430b ゲイン構成要素
2440a、2440b 制御領域、制御信号
2450 基板
2460 軽度ドープ経路
AR 吸収の領域
B 基礎電極
C コレクタ電極
C1、C2、C3、C4 制御領域
d 第1の電極30と側面13との間の最短距離、第1の電極30と側面13との間の距離
D1 第1の表面21に対して実質的に垂直な方向
E エミッタ電極、エミッタ信号
IA1 光電流
M 増倍領域
M1、M2 制御端子、制御信号
TG1 切替信号
VA1 定電圧
VC1 制御電圧
VOUT1 出力電圧
V0 電圧
w1 吸収領域10の幅
w2 第2のドープ領域108の幅
Y 方向
Claims (20)
- 光検出デバイスを備える光検出装置であって、前記光検出デバイスは、
第1の表面、および、前記第1の表面と対向する第2の表面を有するキャリア伝導層と、
前記キャリア伝導層と接触しており、光学信号を受信し、前記光学信号に応答して光キャリアを発生させるように構成される吸収領域であって、
前記吸収領域は、第1の伝導型および第1のピークドーピング濃度を有する第1のドーパントでドープされ、
前記キャリア伝導層は、第2の伝導型および第2のピークドーピング濃度を有する第2のドーパントでドープされ、
前記キャリア伝導層は、前記吸収領域の材料と異なる材料を含み、
前記キャリア伝導層は、少なくとも1つのヘテロ界面を形成するために前記吸収領域と接触しており、
前記吸収領域の前記第1のピークドーピング濃度と前記キャリア伝導層の前記第2のピークドーピング濃度との間の比が10以上である、吸収領域と、
前記キャリア伝導層の前記第1の表面上に形成され、前記キャリア伝導層に電気的に結合される第1の電極であって、前記吸収領域から分離され、前記光キャリアの一部分を収集するように構成される、第1の電極と、
前記キャリア伝導層の前記第1の表面上に形成され、前記吸収領域に電気的に結合される第2の電極と
を備える、光検出装置。 - 前記キャリア伝導層は、前記吸収領域から分離される第1のドープ領域を備え、前記第1のドープ領域は、前記吸収領域の伝導型と異なる伝導型を有し、前記第1のドープ領域は、前記第2のピークドーピング濃度より高い第3のピークドーピング濃度を有する第3のドーパントでドープされ、前記第1の電極は前記第1のドープ領域と電気的に結合される、請求項1に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記キャリア伝導層は、前記第2のドーパントを有する伝導領域を備え、前記伝導領域は5μm未満の深さを有し、前記伝導領域は、前記光キャリアの一部分を前記吸収領域から第1のドープ領域へと運搬するために、前記第1のドープ領域と前記吸収領域との間に形成される、請求項2に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記キャリア伝導層は基板であり、前記吸収領域の少なくとも一部は前記基板に埋め込まれる、請求項3に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記吸収領域は、第1の表面と、前記第1の表面と対向する第2の表面と、前記第1の表面と前記第2の表面との間の1つまたは複数の側面とを備え、前記第1の電極と、前記吸収領域の前記1つまたは複数の側面との間の最短距離が0.1μmから20μmの間である、請求項1に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記吸収領域は、第1の表面と、前記第1の表面と対向する第2の表面と、前記第1の表面と前記第2の表面との間の1つまたは複数の側面とを備え、第1の表面、第2の表面、および/または前記1つもしくは複数の側面の少なくとも一部が前記キャリア伝導層と接触している、請求項1に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記吸収領域は段階的なドーピングプロファイルでドープされる、請求項1に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記吸収領域の少なくとも50%は、1×1016cm-3以上の前記第1のドーパントのドーピング濃度でドープされる、請求項1に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記吸収領域と前記キャリア伝導層との間の前記ヘテロ界面における前記第1のドーパントのドーピング濃度が1×1016cm-3以上である、請求項1に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記第1のドーパントの前記第1の伝導型と前記第2のドーパントの前記第2の伝導型とは異なり、前記ヘテロ界面における前記キャリア伝導層のドーピング濃度に対する前記吸収領域のドーピング濃度の比が10以上である、請求項1に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記キャリア伝導層において、前記吸収領域と接触している第2のドープ領域をさらに備え、前記第2のドープ領域は、前記第1の伝導型と同じ伝導型を有し、前記第1のピークドーピング濃度より高い第4のピークドーピング濃度を有する第4のドーパントでドープされ、前記第2の電極は前記第2のドープ領域に電気的に結合される、請求項1に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記第2のドープ領域の一部が前記吸収領域によって覆われ、前記吸収領域は幅を有し、前記吸収領域によって覆われた前記第2のドープ領域の幅が前記吸収領域の前記幅の半分以上である、請求項11に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記キャリア伝導層は、前記光学信号を前記吸収領域へと結合するために、前記キャリア伝導層の定められた領域を通じて伝搬する前記光学信号を案内および制限するように構成される導波路をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の光検出装置。
- 光検出デバイスを備える光検出装置であって、前記光検出デバイスは、
第1の表面、および、前記第1の表面と対向する第2の表面を有するキャリア伝導層と、
前記キャリア伝導層と接触しており、光学信号を受信し、前記光学信号に応答して光キャリアを発生させるように構成される吸収領域であって、
前記吸収領域は、第1の伝導型および第1のピークドーピング濃度を有する第1のドーパントでドープされ、
前記キャリア伝導層は、第2の伝導型および第2のピークドーピング濃度を有する第2のドーパントでドープされ、
前記キャリア伝導層は、前記吸収領域の材料と異なる材料を含み、
前記キャリア伝導層は、少なくとも1つのヘテロ界面を形成するために前記吸収領域と接触しており、
前記吸収領域の前記第1のピークドーピング濃度と前記キャリア伝導層の前記第2のピークドーピング濃度との間の比が10以上である、吸収領域と、
前記吸収領域に電気的に結合され、前記キャリア伝導層に部分的に形成される1つまたは複数のスイッチであって、
1つまたは複数の多重スイッチの各々が、前記第1の表面上に形成され、前記吸収領域から分離される制御電極および読み出し電極を備える、1つまたは複数のスイッチと、
前記第1の表面上に形成され、前記吸収領域に電気的に結合される電極と
を備える、光検出装置。 - 前記1つまたは複数のスイッチの前記制御電極および前記読み出し電極は、前記吸収領域の1つの側に配置される、請求項14に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記キャリア伝導層は、前記第2のドーパントを有する伝導領域を備え、前記伝導領域は5μm未満の深さを有し、前記伝導領域は、前記光キャリアの一部分を前記吸収領域から第1のドープ領域へと運搬するために、前記第1のドープ領域と前記吸収領域との間に形成される、請求項14に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記吸収領域は、第1の表面と、前記第1の表面と対向する第2の表面と、前記第1の表面と前記第2の表面との間の1つまたは複数の側面とを備え、前記第1の表面、前記第2の表面、および/または前記1つもしくは複数の側面の少なくとも一部が前記キャリア伝導層と接触している、請求項14に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記吸収領域の少なくとも50%は、1×1016cm-3以上の前記第1のドーパントのドーピング濃度でドープされる、請求項14に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記キャリア伝導層において、前記吸収領域と接触している第2のドープ領域をさらに備え、前記第2のドープ領域は、前記第1の伝導型と同じ伝導型を有し、前記第1のピークドーピング濃度より高い第4のピークドーピング濃度を有する第4のドーパントでドープされ、前記電極は前記第2のドープ領域に電気的に結合される、請求項14に記載の光検出装置。
- 前記第1のドーパントの前記第1の伝導型と前記第2のドーパントの前記第2の伝導型とは異なり、前記吸収領域のドーピング濃度と、前記少なくとも1つのヘテロ界面における前記キャリア伝導層のドーピング濃度との間の比が10以上である、請求項14に記載の光検出装置。
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