JP2021536513A - バイオミメティック合成ゴム - Google Patents
バイオミメティック合成ゴム Download PDFInfo
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- 229920003051 synthetic elastomer Polymers 0.000 title description 9
- 239000005061 synthetic rubber Substances 0.000 title description 5
- 230000003592 biomimetic effect Effects 0.000 title description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000012967 coordination catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 229920003211 cis-1,4-polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003431 cross linking reagent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920003193 cis-1,4-polybutadiene polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052723 transition metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 21
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 21
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 21
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 18
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 18
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229920001195 polyisoprene Polymers 0.000 description 13
- 238000012718 coordination polymerization Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000007306 functionalization reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butadiene Chemical compound C=CC=C KAKZBPTYRLMSJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010539 anionic addition polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000004322 Butylated hydroxytoluene Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylhydroxytoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC(C(C)(C)C)=C(O)C(C(C)(C)C)=C1 NLZUEZXRPGMBCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052779 Neodymium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229940095259 butylated hydroxytoluene Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000010354 butylated hydroxytoluene Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000015271 coagulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005345 coagulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N neodymium atom Chemical compound [Nd] QEFYFXOXNSNQGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- LLVWLCAZSOLOTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-4-[1,4,4-tris(4-methylphenyl)buta-1,3-dienyl]benzene Chemical class C1=CC(C)=CC=C1C(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)=CC=C(C=1C=CC(C)=CC=1)C1=CC=C(C)C=C1 LLVWLCAZSOLOTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001644 13C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 2
- MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butyllithium Chemical compound [Li]CCCC MZRVEZGGRBJDDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011954 Ziegler–Natta catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001244 carboxylic acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001735 carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000001475 halogen functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052747 lanthanoid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002602 lanthanoids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003904 phospholipids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- KJQMOGOKAYDMOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(=C)C=C.CC(=C)C=C Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C.CC(=C)C=C KJQMOGOKAYDMOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930186217 Glycolipid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 206010020751 Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000007811 Latex Hypersensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010039251 Rubber sensitivity Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000000333 X-ray scattering Methods 0.000 description 1
- JLPULHDHAOZNQI-JLOPVYAASA-N [(2r)-3-hexadecanoyloxy-2-[(9e,12e)-octadeca-9,12-dienoyl]oxypropyl] 2-(trimethylazaniumyl)ethyl phosphate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C\C\C=C\CCCCC JLPULHDHAOZNQI-JLOPVYAASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007815 allergy Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940053200 antiepileptics fatty acid derivative Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003093 cationic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013213 extrapolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002314 glycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008240 homogeneous mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011256 inorganic filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003475 inorganic filler Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 201000005391 latex allergy Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 125000005439 maleimidyl group Chemical group C1(C=CC(N1*)=O)=O 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002900 organolithium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N phosphatidylcholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC WTJKGGKOPKCXLL-RRHRGVEJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000425 proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60C—VEHICLE TYRES; TYRE INFLATION; TYRE CHANGING; CONNECTING VALVES TO INFLATABLE ELASTIC BODIES IN GENERAL; DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS RELATED TO TYRES
- B60C1/00—Tyres characterised by the chemical composition or the physical arrangement or mixture of the composition
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F136/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F136/02—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F136/04—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F136/06—Butadiene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F136/00—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F136/02—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds
- C08F136/04—Homopolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds the radical having only two carbon-to-carbon double bonds conjugated
- C08F136/08—Isoprene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F8/00—Chemical modification by after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/01—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients characterized by their specific function
- C08K3/011—Crosslinking or vulcanising agents, e.g. accelerators
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/02—Elements
- C08K3/06—Sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/0008—Organic ingredients according to more than one of the "one dot" groups of C08K5/01 - C08K5/59
- C08K5/0066—Flame-proofing or flame-retarding additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/09—Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
- C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
- C08K5/14—Peroxides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L15/00—Compositions of rubber derivatives
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L7/00—Compositions of natural rubber
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L89/00—Compositions of proteins; Compositions of derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L9/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L11/00—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes
- F16L11/04—Hoses, i.e. flexible pipes made of rubber or flexible plastics
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2203/00—Applications
- C08L2203/02—Applications for biomedical use
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- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
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- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/10—Materials in mouldable or extrudable form for sealing or packing joints or covers
- C09K2003/1034—Materials or components characterised by specific properties
- C09K2003/1068—Crosslinkable materials
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- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
− 少なくとも95%のcis含量を有し、末端位置に官能基を有する、架橋性合成cis−1,4−ポリジエン、
− 両親媒性化合物
を有する架橋性組成物によって達成される。
少なくとも400MHzの磁場強度を用いる1H−NMR分光法(プロトン共鳴を基準とする)を使用して、1,2−結合(「ビニル比率」)と1,4−結合との比を決定する。ポリイソプレンにおける化学シフト(CDCl3で測定される)は、1,2−結合(ビニル基の末端プロトン)については4.68〜4.76ppmの範囲内、及び1,4−結合(オレフィンプロトン)については5.13ppmの範囲内である。2つの存在し得る1,4−結合(cis及びtrans)は、13C−NMR分光法(好ましくは、同様に少なくとも400MHzの機器)により識別され、1H−NMRスペクトルにおける化学シフトの差は、非常に高い磁場強度(400MHzをはるかに超える機器)でのみ検出可能である。13C−NMRスペクトルにおける化学シフトは、例としてポリイソプレンでは、cisについては23.4ppm及びtrans(メチル基)については17.2ppmである。それぞれの比率は積分により決定されるため、ここで十分なベースラインの質を確保することは重要であり、これは、例えば、多数のシグナルを蓄積することにより達成することができる。
− 配位触媒の存在下における配位重合により、少なくとも95%のcis含量を有するcis−1,4−ポリジエンを製造する工程、
− 前記cis−1,4−ポリジエンの末端位置に官能基を付加する工程、
− 前記cis−1,4−ポリジエンを両親媒性化合物と混合する工程。
以下の通りネオジム含有触媒の存在下での配位重合により、98%のcis含量を有するcis−1,4−ポリイソプレンを製造した。
一軸延伸ゴムのストリップに対して、0%〜650%の静的延伸(statischer Dehnung)範囲内で、相対結晶化度(relative Kristallinitaeten)を測定した。用いる方法は、延伸方向に対して垂直方向で検出される一次元X線散乱データの分析に基づく。非晶質(ハロー)及び結晶質散乱((200)及び(120)反射)の寄与の強度(面積評価)を定量した後、相対的な結晶化度(relativer Kristallisationsgrad)Dc,rel=(I200+I120)/(Ihalo+I200+I120)=Icryst/Itotalを、静的延伸εstatの関数として決定する。10〜15回の静的延伸について相対的な結晶化度の値を算出し、グラフにプロットした。グラフプロットの線形外挿を用いることにより、伸長誘起結晶化が始まる延伸率(Dehnungswert)εonsetを求めた。
cis−1,4−ポリイソプレンを、比較例1と同じ重合条件のもとで製造した。cis−1,4−ポリイソプレンのcis含量は98%であった。重合を開始した後、それを停止させる前に、ポリイソプレンを末端基官能化するための改質剤化合物として、CO2をさらに反応溶液中に通気した。これにより、末端カルボキシル基を有するcis−1,4−ポリイソプレンを得た。得られたポリマー溶液をイソプロパノールで停止させ、ブチル化ヒドロキシトルエンで安定化し、凝固/ストリッピングによって従来の方法で溶媒を除去した。
まず、cis−1,4−ポリイソプレンを比較例1と同じ重合条件のもとで製造した。重合を開始した後、それを停止させる前に、ポリイソプレンを末端基官能化するための改質剤化合物として、CO2をさらに反応溶液中に通気した。これにより、末端カルボキシル基を有するcis−1,4−ポリイソプレンを得た。cis−1,4−ポリイソプレンのcis含量は98%であった。得られたポリマー溶液は、ブチル化ヒドロキシトルエンを用いて安定化し、凝固/ストリッピングによって溶媒を除去した。
比較のために、同様に加硫した天然ゴム試料についても、伸長結晶化を測定した。
Claims (13)
- − 少なくとも95%のcis含量を有し、末端位置に官能基を有する、架橋性合成cis−1,4−ポリジエン;
− 両親媒性化合物;
を有する組成物。 - 前記cis−1,4−ポリジエンが、cis−1,4−ポリイソプレン又はcis−1,4−ポリブタジエン又はこれらの2種のポリマーの混合物であり、かつ/又は、前記合成cis−1,4−ポリジエンが、遷移金属又は希土類金属を含有する配位触媒の存在下における重合により得ることができる、請求項1に記載の組成物。
- 前記末端官能基が、カルボキシル若しくはカルボキシレート基、ヒドロキシル基、アミン若しくはアンモニウム基、エステル基、又は、シアノ基である、請求項1又は2に記載の組成物。
- 前記両親媒性化合物が、極性脂質;タンパク質;脂肪酸若しくは脂肪酸の塩;脂肪酸誘導体;界面活性剤又はこれらの化合物のうちの少なくとも2種の混合物である、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記両親媒性化合物が、30重量%以下の量で前記組成物中に存在する、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 前記両親媒性化合物が、前記cis−1,4−ポリジエンと共有結合されていない、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 架橋剤、特に硫黄又は過酸化物をさらに含む、請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の組成物。
- 下記の工程を有する、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の組成物を製造する方法:
− 配位触媒の存在下における重合により、少なくとも95%のcis含量を有するcis−1,4−ポリジエンを製造する工程;
− 前記cis−1,4−ポリジエンの末端位置に官能基を付加する工程;
− 前記cis−1,4−ポリジエンを前記両親媒性化合物と混合する工程。 - 前記cis−1,4−ポリジエンを改質剤化合物と反応させ、その結果、官能基が前記cis−1,4−ポリジエンの末端位置に導入される、請求項8に記載の方法。
- 請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の組成物中の前記cis−1,4−ポリジエンを架橋することにより得ることができる、エラストマー組成物。
- 請求項10に記載のエラストマー組成物を含有する、成形体。
- タイヤ、医療用具又は工業用ゴム製品である、請求項11に記載の成形体。
- 成形体、好ましくはタイヤ又はホースを製造するための、請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の組成物の使用。
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