JP2021529265A - ナノ粒子を用いて溶液からリチウムを回収するための方法および組成物 - Google Patents
ナノ粒子を用いて溶液からリチウムを回収するための方法および組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2021529265A JP2021529265A JP2021521946A JP2021521946A JP2021529265A JP 2021529265 A JP2021529265 A JP 2021529265A JP 2021521946 A JP2021521946 A JP 2021521946A JP 2021521946 A JP2021521946 A JP 2021521946A JP 2021529265 A JP2021529265 A JP 2021529265A
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- lithium
- adsorption medium
- crown
- ether
- nanoparticles
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- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 112
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 96
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title description 12
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical group C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 52
- 150000003983 crown ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 44
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 26
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910003002 lithium salt Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 159000000002 lithium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 17
- -1 diaza-18-crown-6 ethers Chemical class 0.000 claims description 15
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 13
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- QSBFECWPKSRWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzo-15-crown-5 Chemical compound O1CCOCCOC2=CC=CC=C2OCCOC2=CC=CC=C21 QSBFECWPKSRWNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- PWJHXHMUGFXPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,7-dioxa-4,10-diazacyclododecane Chemical compound C1COCCNCCOCCN1 PWJHXHMUGFXPSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- YSSSPARMOAYJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibenzo-18-crown-6 Chemical compound O1CCOCCOC2=CC=CC=C2OCCOCCOC2=CC=CC=C21 YSSSPARMOAYJTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- YNQRWVCLAIUHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-L dilithium;oxalate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O YNQRWVCLAIUHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L lithium carbonate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-]C([O-])=O XGZVUEUWXADBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052808 lithium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium metasilicate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O PAZHGORSDKKUPI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052912 lithium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000011 acetone peroxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019401 acetone peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl Chemical compound [CH3] WCYWZMWISLQXQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L peroxydisulfate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O JRKICGRDRMAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 27
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 23
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 15
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002122 magnetic nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 3
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid Chemical compound OC(O)=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- NLMDJJTUQPXZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4,10,13-tetraoxa-7,16-diazacyclooctadecane Chemical compound C1COCCOCCNCCOCCOCCN1 NLMDJJTUQPXZFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- WMVRXDZNYVJBAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxoiron Chemical compound O=[Fe]=O WMVRXDZNYVJBAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Fe+3].[Fe+3] LIKBJVNGSGBSGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007885 magnetic separation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 18-crown-6 Chemical compound C1COCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO1 XEZNGIUYQVAUSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium Chemical compound [Na] KEAYESYHFKHZAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004292 cyclic ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011090 industrial biotechnology method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(II,III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012804 iterative process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002086 nanomaterial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003891 oxalate salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/10—Obtaining alkali metals
- C22B26/12—Obtaining lithium
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Abstract
Description
選択性は、次のように定義することができる:
選択性=((目的の金属イオンのモル数#)/(不要な金属イオンのモル数#))×100%
Claims (32)
- リチウムイオン含有液体からリチウムイオンを回収する方法であって、
ナノ粒子をスチレンモノマーで被覆するステップと、
スチレンモノマーを重合して、ポリスチレン被覆ナノ粒子を形成するステップと、
ポリスチレン被覆ナノ粒子にクラウンエーテルを付着させて、リチウム吸着媒体を形成するステップと、
リチウムイオン含有液体をリチウム吸着媒体に曝して、リチウムの豊富な吸着媒体と、リチウムの枯渇した液体とを形成するステップと、
リチウムの豊富な吸着媒体からリチウムイオンを抽出して、抽出したリチウムイオンと、再生したリチウム吸着媒体とを形成するステップとを備えることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、
ナノ粒子が、1グラムあたり約10平方メートル〜1グラムあたり約5,000平方メートルの表面積を有することを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、
ナノ粒子が、1グラムあたり約100平方メートル〜1グラムあたり約500平方メートルの表面積を有することを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、
ナノ粒子が鉄材料を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項4に記載の方法において、
リチウムの豊富な吸着媒体を、リチウムの枯渇した液体から磁気的に分離するステップをさらに備えることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、
ナノ粒子が非磁性鉄を含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、
リチウムの豊富な吸着媒体からリチウムイオンを抽出することには、リチウムの豊富な吸着媒体を弱酸で処理することが含まれることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項7に記載の方法において、
弱酸が、炭酸、酢酸、リン酸、フッ化水素酸、シュウ酸およびそれらの組合せのうちの少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、
抽出したリチウムイオンを、再生したリチウム吸着媒体から分離するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項9に記載の方法において、
抽出したリチウムイオンを沈殿させて、沈殿したリチウム塩を形成するステップをさらに含み、沈殿したリチウム塩が、炭酸リチウム、ケイ酸リチウム、シュウ酸リチウムおよびそれらの組合せのうちの少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項10に記載の方法において、
沈殿したリチウム塩を乾燥させて、乾燥リチウム塩を形成するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、
クラウンエーテルが、ジベンゾ−12−クラウン−4−エーテル、ジアザ−12−クラウン−4エーテル、ジベンゾ−15−クラウン−5エーテル、ジアザ−15−クラウン−5エーテル、ジベンゾ−18−クラウン−6エーテル、およびジアザ−18−クラウン−6エーテルのうちの少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項11に記載の方法において、
クラウンエーテルが、ジベンゾ−12−クラウン−4−エーテルを含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、
遠心分離によって、リチウムの豊富な吸着媒体をリチウムの枯渇した液体から分離するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、
ポリスチレン被覆ナノ粒子が、ポリスチレン被覆ナノ粒子を酸性条件に曝してもポリスチレン被覆ナノ粒子が分解しないような安定性を有することを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、
抽出には、二酸化炭素を含む水にリチウムの豊富な吸着媒体を曝すことが含まれることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、
被覆には、スチレンモノマーを含む溶液にナノ粒子を添加することが含まれることを特徴とする方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法において、
重合には、スチレンモノマーにフリーラジカル開始剤を添加することが含まれ、
フリーラジカル開始剤が、過酸化ベンゾイル、過酸化tert−ブチル、メチルラジカル源、ベンゾイルオキシラジカル、過酸化メチルエチルケトン、過酸化アセトン、ペルオキシ二硫酸塩、過酸化ハロゲン、アゾビスイソブチロニトリルのようなアゾ化合物、およびそれらの組合せのうちの少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とする方法。 - リチウム吸着媒体を製造する方法であって、
ナノ粒子をスチレンモノマーで被覆するステップと、
スチレンモノマーを重合して、ポリスチレン被覆ナノ粒子を形成するステップと、
ポリスチレン被覆ナノ粒子にジベンゾ−12−クラウン−4−エーテルを付着させて、リチウム吸着媒体を形成するステップとを含むことを特徴とする方法。 - リチウムイオン含有液体からリチウムイオンを回収するためのリチウム吸着媒体であって、
鉄材料を含むナノ粒子と、
ナノ粒子の表面を被覆するポリスチレンと、
ポリスチレンに付着したクラウンエーテルとを備えることを特徴とするリチウム吸着媒体。 - 請求項20に記載のリチウム吸着媒体において、
鉄材料が、磁性鉄、非磁性鉄およびそれらの組合せのうちの少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とするリチウム吸着媒体。 - 請求項20に記載のリチウム吸着媒体において、
クラウンエーテルが、ジベンゾ−12−クラウン−4−エーテル、ジアザ−12−クラウン−4エーテル、ジベンゾ−15−クラウン−5エーテル、ジアザ−15−クラウン−5エーテル、ジベンゾ−18−クラウン−6エーテル、およびジアザ−18−クラウン−6エーテルのうちの少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とするリチウム吸着媒体。 - 請求項22に記載のリチウム吸着媒体において、
クラウンエーテルが、ジベンゾ−12−クラウン−4−エーテルを含むことを特徴とするリチウム吸着媒体。 - 請求項23に記載のリチウム吸着媒体において、
ジベンゾ−12−クラウン−4−エーテルに付着したリチウムイオンをさらに含むことを特徴とするリチウム吸着媒体。 - 請求項20に記載のリチウム吸着媒体において、
ナノ粒子の表面の約75%以上がポリスチレンで被覆されていることを特徴とするリチウム吸着媒体。 - 請求項20に記載のリチウム吸着媒体において、
ナノ粒子の表面の約95%以上がポリスチレンで被覆されていることを特徴とするリチウム吸着媒体。 - リチウムイオン含有液体からリチウムイオンを回収するためのリチウム吸着媒体であって、
リチウム吸着媒体が、ポリスチレン被覆ナノ粒子およびクラウンエーテルを含み、
リチウム吸着媒体が、
ナノ粒子をスチレンモノマーで被覆するステップと、
スチレンモノマーを重合して、ポリスチレン被覆ナノ粒子を形成するステップと、
ポリスチレン被覆ナノ粒子にクラウンエーテルを付着させて、リチウム吸着媒体を形成するステップと、
リチウムイオン含有液体をリチウム吸着媒体に曝して、リチウムの豊富な吸着媒体と、リチウムの枯渇した液体とを形成するステップと、
リチウムの豊富な吸着媒体からリチウムイオンを抽出して、抽出したリチウムイオンと、再生したリチウム吸着媒体とを形成するステップと
を含むプロセスによって調製されていることを特徴とするリチウム吸着媒体。 - 請求項27に記載のリチウム吸着媒体において、
ナノ粒子が、磁性鉄、非磁性鉄およびそれらの組合せのうちの少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とするリチウム吸着媒体。 - 請求項27に記載のリチウム吸着媒体において、
クラウンエーテルが、ジベンゾ−12−クラウン−4−エーテル、ジアザ−12−クラウン−4エーテル、ジベンゾ−15−クラウン−5エーテル、ジアザ−15−クラウン−5エーテル、ジベンゾ−18−クラウン−6エーテル、およびジアザ−18−クラウン−6エーテルのうちの少なくとも1つを含むことを特徴とするリチウム吸着媒体。 - 請求項29に記載のリチウム吸着媒体において、
クラウンエーテルが、ジベンゾ−12−クラウン−4−エーテルを含むことを特徴とするリチウム吸着媒体。 - 請求項27に記載のリチウム吸着媒体において、
ナノ粒子の表面の約75%以上がポリスチレンで被覆されていることを特徴とするリチウム吸着媒体。 - 請求項27に記載のリチウム吸着媒体において、
ナノ粒子の表面の約95%以上がポリスチレンで被覆されていることを特徴とするリチウム吸着媒体。
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US20210140011A1 (en) | 2021-05-13 |
EA202092983A1 (ru) | 2021-07-26 |
KR20210018511A (ko) | 2021-02-17 |
EP3818186A1 (en) | 2021-05-12 |
US11993827B2 (en) | 2024-05-28 |
EP3818186A4 (en) | 2022-04-27 |
BR112021000161B1 (pt) | 2024-04-30 |
ZA202200315B (en) | 2023-11-29 |
ZA202100117B (en) | 2022-08-31 |
PE20210389A1 (es) | 2021-03-02 |
CN112368405A (zh) | 2021-02-12 |
CA3105133A1 (en) | 2020-01-09 |
CL2021000019A1 (es) | 2021-05-24 |
US20240271251A1 (en) | 2024-08-15 |
CL2021002679A1 (es) | 2022-07-15 |
AU2019297527A1 (en) | 2021-01-28 |
BR112021000161A2 (pt) | 2021-04-06 |
WO2020010313A1 (en) | 2020-01-09 |
AU2019297527B2 (en) | 2024-07-25 |
AR124748A1 (es) | 2023-05-03 |
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