JP2018031798A - 生物学的サンプルの画像分析および測定 - Google Patents
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- G02B7/02—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses
- G02B7/04—Mountings, adjusting means, or light-tight connections, for optical elements for lenses with mechanism for focusing or varying magnification
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- G01N21/62—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
- G01N21/63—Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
- G01N21/64—Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
- G01N21/6428—Measuring fluorescence of fluorescent products of reactions or of fluorochrome labelled reactive substances, e.g. measuring quenching effects, using measuring "optrodes"
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- G01N2333/70596—Molecules with a "CD"-designation not provided for elsewhere in G01N2333/705
Abstract
Description
[参照による組み入れ]
本発明の実施形態において、例えば以下の項目が提供される。
(項目1)
サンプルを分析するためのシステムであって、このシステムは:
前記サンプルを保持するために構成されたサンプル・チャンバーを含むサンプルホルダーであって、前記サンプルホルダーの少なくとも一部分が光学的に透過性の物質を含み、前記光学的に透過性の物質は光学的に透過性の表面および反射面を含むサンプルホルダー;および
前記光学的に透過性の表面を照射し、及び透過する光を提供するために構成される照明源を含み;
前記サンプルホルダーは、前記照明源からの光が、同時に落射照明および徹照の両方を、サンプルホルダー中のサンプルに提供するために効果的であるために構成され、落射照明は、前記サンプルホルダーの光学的に透過性の物質の表面において反射することなく、前記照明源から前記サンプルに移動する光を含み、および徹照は、少なくとも1つの前記光学的に透過性の物質の表面からの、少なくとも1回の反射に続いて、光学的に透過性の物質内をサンプルまで移動する光を含む、システム。
(項目2)
前記サンプルホルダーが、サンプルを保持するために構成された細長いチャネルを有するキュベットを含む、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目3)
前記サンプルホルダーが、1つ以上の光学的に非透過性の表面を含む、項目1または2に記載のシステム。
(項目4)
前記徹照が、少なくとも部分的に表面における光の全内部反射により提供される、項目1または2に記載のシステム。
(項目5)
前記徹照が、少なくとも部分的に、前記キュベット内の光の全内部反射により提供される、項目2に記載のシステム。
(項目6)
前記サンプルホルダー2つ以上のサンプルを保持するためのサンプル・チャンバーを含む、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目7)
前記キュベットが、四角形の水平断面形状を有する、項目2に記載のシステム。
(項目8)
前記キュベットが円形の水平断面形状を有する、項目2に記載のシステム。
(項目9)
前記キュベットが鋸歯上の垂直断面形状を有する、項目2に記載のシステム。
(項目10)
前記キュベットが、ステップ形状の垂直断面形状を有する、項目2に記載のシステム。
(項目11)
前記サンプルホルダーが、前記照明源に対して複数の場所に移動可能であり、前記サンプルホルダーの光学的に透過性の表面が、前記場所のそれぞれにおいて前記照明源により照明され得る、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目12)
前記照明源が、リングライトを含む、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目13)
前記リングライトが発光ダイオード(LED)に基づくリングライトおよびレーザーに基づくリングライトから選択される、項目12に記載のシステム。
(項目14)
前記サンプルホルダーの光学的に透過性の表面と、係合するために形状付けされた、光学的に透過性の表面を含む支持構造を更に含む、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目15)
前記照明源による照明のために、前記サンプルホルダーを所望の位置に保持するために構成された圧縮機器を更に含む、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目16)
前記サンプルホルダー内のチャネルの、少なくとも一部分を撮像するために構成された検出器を更に含む、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目17)
前記サンプルホルダーが、前記サンプルの少なくとも一部分を収容するために構成された細長いチャネルを含み、および前記検出器が、前記サンプルホルダー内の細長いチャネル全体を撮像するために構成される、項目16に記載のシステム。
(項目18)
画像化の間、前記サンプルホルダーが、前記サンプルを静的な、非流動的な様式で保持するために構成される、項目16に記載のシステム。
(項目19)
画像化の間、前記サンプルホルダーが、前記サンプルの一部分を静的な、非流動的様式で保持し、および別の部分を流動的な様式で保持するために構成される、項目16に記載のシステム。
(項目20)
前記照明源が、前記サンプルホルダーに対して、移動可能な、項目16に記載のシステム。
(項目21)
画像化の間、前記サンプルホルダーが、前記サンプルを流動的な様式で保持するために構成される、前記いずれかの項目に記載のシステム。
(項目22)
前記サンプルホルダーが、前記サンプルホルダーに完全に閉じ込められた流体回路を更に含み、および前記サンプルが、前記サンプルが、前記検出器から分離されるために効果的である、前記流体回路内に配置される、項目16に記載のシステム。
(項目23)
前記サンプルホルダーが前記検出器に対して移動可能な、項目22に記載のシステム。
(項目24)
前記検出器が前記サンプルホルダーに対して移動可能な、項目22に記載のシステム。
(項目25)
前記サンプルホルダーおよび前記照明源が、光学的分析ユニットの少なくとも一部分を含み、前記システムが、前記サンプルの臨床分析を遂行するために構成された、臨床分析ユニットを更に含む、項目1に記載のシステム。
(項目26)
前記臨床分析ユニットおよび前記光学的分析ユニットが、同時にサンプルの一部分に対して、光学的分析および臨床分析を遂行し得るために効果的なように、前記システムが、前記光学的分析ユニットおよび前記臨床分析ユニットのそれぞれに、単一のサンプルの等分を提供するために構成される、項目25に記載のシステム。
(項目27)
前記臨床分析が、一般化学的分析、核酸分析、および酵素連結結合分析から選ばれる、項目25に記載のシステム。
(項目28)
複数の臨床分析ユニットを含み、前記複数の臨床分析ユニットのそれぞれの臨床分析ユニットは、一般化学的分析、核酸分析、および酵素連結結合分析から選ばれる臨床分析を提供するために構成される、項目25に記載のシステム。
(項目29)
サンプルを保持するために構成されたサンプル・チャンバーを含むキュベットであって、前記キュベットの少なくとも一部分は光学的に透過性の物質を含み、前記光学的に透過性の物質は、光学的に透過性の表面および反射面を含み、前記光学的に透過性の表面および前記反射面は、前記光学的に透過性の表面を通過する光が、同時に落射照明および徹照の両方を、前記サンプル・チャンバー中の前記サンプルに提供するために効果的であるために構成され、落射照明は、前記サンプルホルダーの光学的に透過性の物質の表面において反射することなく、前記照明源から前記サンプルに移動する光を含み、および徹照は、少なくとも1つの前記光学的に透過性の物質の表面からの、少なくとも1回の反射に続いて、光学的に透過性の物質内をサンプルまで移動する光を含む、キュベット。
(項目30)
前記サンプル・チャンバーが細長いチャネルを含む、項目29に記載のキュベット。
(項目31)
1つ以上の光学的に非透過性の表面を更に含む、項目29に記載のキュベット。
(項目32)
前記徹照が、少なくとも部分的に、表面における光の部分的内部反射により提供される、項目29に記載のキュベット。
(項目33)
前記徹照が、少なくとも部分的に、表面における光の全内部反射により提供される、項目29に記載のキュベット。
(項目34)
前記サンプルホルダーが、2つ以上のサンプルを保持するためのサンプル・チャンバーを含む、項目29に記載のキュベット。
(項目35)
四角形の水平断面形状および円形の水平断面形状から選ばれる断面形状を含む、項目29に記載のキュベット。
(項目36)
鋸歯状垂直断面形状および階段形状の垂直断面形状から選ばれる、断面形状を有する項目29に記載のキュベット。
(項目37)
光学的に透過性のフロアを有するサンプル・チャンバーを含むキュベットであって、前記キュベットは、前記キュベットへの機械的支持を提供するために構成される、少なくとも1つの凹面または凸面構造を含む外表面を有するキュベット。
(項目38)
前記少なくとも1つの凹面または凸面構造が、四角形、三角形、円形、および半円形から選ばれる断面形状を有する、項目37に記載のキュベット。
(項目39)
前記少なくとも1つの凹面または凸面構造が、前記キュベット内の内部反射光のための経路を提供するために構成される、項目37に記載のキュベット。
(項目40)
前記少なくとも1つの凹面または凸面構造が、表面を含み、および前記表面は、前記キュベット内の光を反射するために構成される、項目37に記載のキュベット。
(項目41)
複数の細胞を含むサンプル中の細胞を同定する方法であって、:
(a)前記サンプルを保持するために構成されたサンプル・チャンバーを含むサンプルホルダー中のサンプルを配置することであって、少なくとも前記サンプルホルダーの一部分は、光学的に透過性の物質を含み、前記光学的に透過性の物質は光学的に透過性の表面および反射面を含み、前記光学的に透過性の表面および前記反射面は、前記光学的に透過性の表面を通過する光が、前記サンプル・チャンバー中の前記サンプルに、落射照明および徹照の両方を同時に提供するために効果的であるために構成され、落射照明は、前記サンプルホルダーの光学的に透過性の物質の表面において反射することなく、前記照明源から前記サンプルに移動する光を含み、および徹照は、少なくとも1つの前記光学的に透過性の物質の表面からの、少なくとも1回の反射に続いて、光学的に透過性の物質内をサンプルまで移動する光を含み;
(b)前記サンプルの落射照明および徹照の両方を同時に提供するために効果的であるために前記サンプルホルダーを照射すること;および
(c)サンプル中の細胞を同定することを含む、方法。
(項目42)
前記同定することが、前記サンプル・チャンバーの少なくとも一部分を撮像するために構成された検出器により、前記細胞を同定することを含む、項目41に記載の方法。
(項目43)
前記サンプル・チャンバーが細長いチャネルを含む、項目43に記載の方法。
(項目44)
サンプル中の細胞集団の細胞中の目的の構成要素を測定するための方法であって:
a)前記サンプル中の細胞集団の細胞に存在するマーカーの定量的測定を得ること;
b)パートa)の測定に基づいて、コンピュータの支援により、前記サンプル中に存在する細胞集団中の細胞のおおよその量を決定すること;
c)細胞マーカーのある量を前記サンプルに加えることであって、加えられる前記細胞マーカーの量はパートb)の結果に基づき、および前記細胞マーカーは前記細胞集団の細胞中の目的の構成要素に特異的に結合し、および容易に検出可能であるために構成され;
d)サンプル中の細胞を、前記目的の構成要素に結合したマーカーについて検定すること;および
e)前記サンプルの細胞集団の細胞中の目的の構成要素の量を、前記目的の構成要素に結合したマーカーの量に基づいて決定することを含む方法。
(項目45)
前記サンプルホルダーが、項目29に記載のサンプルホルダーおよび項目37に記載のサンプルホルダーから選ばれるサンプルホルダーを含む、項目44に記載の方法。
(項目46)
顕微鏡の焦点を合わせるための方法であって:
a)顕微鏡的分析のための対象を含むサンプルを、サンプルおよび参照粒子を含む混合物を生成するために効果的な既知のサイズを有する参照粒子と混合すること;
b)ステップa)の混合物を顕微鏡の光路内に位置決付けること;
c)ステップa)の混合物を前記参照粒子を可視化するために構成された光線に曝露すること;および
d)前記混合物中の前記参照粒子の位置に基づいて、または前記参照粒子の画像の鮮明さに基づいて顕微鏡の焦点調節を行うことを含む方法。
(項目47)
前記サンプルおよび参照粒子を含む混合物が、項目29に記載のサンプルホルダーおよび項目37に記載のサンプルホルダーから選ばれるサンプルホルダー内に保持される、項目46に記載の方法。
(項目48)
複数の細胞を含む、サンプル中の細胞を同定する方法であって:
(a)(i)前記細胞表面抗原の存在;(ii)前記細胞表面抗原の量;または(iii)細胞サイズの少なくとも1つについて、前記複数の細胞の細胞を検定すること;
(b)(a)の細胞を:(i)核サイズ;または(ii)核形状の少なくとも1つについて検定すること;および
(c)(a)および(b)の細胞を、定量的な細胞の光散乱について検定することを含み、前記ステップ(a)、(b)、および(c)からの情報の組み合わせが複数の細胞を含む前記サンプル中の細胞の同定のために用いられる方法。
(項目49)
前記複数の細胞が、項目29に記載のサンプルホルダーおよび項目37に記載のサンプルホルダーから選ばれるサンプルホルダー内に保持される、項目48に記載の方法。
(項目50)
サンプルの画像化のためのシステムであって:
サンプルホルダー、
前記サンプルホルダー内に保持される対象を照明するための光源、
前記サンプルホルダー内に保持される対象から散乱された光を収集し、および焦点を合わせるために構成された対物レンズであって、前記散乱光は、複数の散乱角において散乱された光を含む対物レンズ、
前記対物レンズからの光を通過させるための光学的開口部、および
前記対物レンズからの光を前記光学的開口部上に焦点を合わせるために構成された更なるレンズであって、前記光学的開口部は、前記対物レンズにより焦点を合わされた光の部分だけが前記開口部を通過することを許容するために構成され、それにより前記開口部を通過することを許容された前記光の部分が、前記複数の散乱角の部分により散乱された光のみにより構成される更なるレンズを含むシステム。
(項目51)
サンプルの画像化のためのシステムであって:
前記サンプルを含むサンプル容器、
光学的に透明な表面を持つサンプル容器の受器を有するステージ;
形成されたサンプル中の構成要素を、前記ステージを通して照明するための光源を含み、前記サンプル容器は、前記サンプル容器の受器の光学的に透明な表面と係合するために構成されたインターフェース表面を有し、それによりこのインターフェース表面は、このインターフェース表面を通過する光の有意な収差なしで、前記光学的に透明な表面に適合する。
(項目52)
前記サンプル容器のインターフェース表面が、ポリマー物質から形成された、項目51に記載のシステム。
(項目53)
前記サンプル容器のインターフェース表面が、前記サンプル容器受器の、光学的に透明な表面を形成するために用いられる物質よりも、やわらかい物質により形成された、項目51に記載のシステム。
(項目54)
前記インターフェース表面を前記サンプル容器の受器の光学的に透明な表面に、適合するために構成された形状に一致させるために、圧力を加えるための、圧縮ユニットを更に含む、項目51に記載のシステム。
(項目55)
サンプル容器を前記ステージの上に、またはそこから外へ輸送することを促進するために、および前記サンプル容器の機械的剛性を増大させるための、サンプル容器に連結されるために構成された取扱いユニットを更に含む、項目51に記載のシステム。
(項目56)
前記サンプル容器に連結されるために構成された不透明な取扱いユニットを更に含む、項目51に記載のシステム。
(項目57)
前記サンプルの全ての画像化が、1つの表面から対向する表面の外へ、実質的に直線の光を検出器まで通過させることなく行われる、項目51に記載のシステム。
(項目58)
前記光源が、前記サンプル容器の反対側にある検出器に光を送達するために、前記サンプル容器の一つの側面には配置されない、項目51に記載のシステム。
化合物”への参照は複数の化合物を含み得るなどである。本明細書において引用される参照は、本明細書において明確に説明される教示と矛盾しない範囲において、参照によりその全体が本明細書に組み込まれる。
定量的顕微鏡法
動的希釈
動的希釈手順:
動的染色
コンテクストに基づく自動焦点
サンプルホルダーの位置付け
細胞の計数/細胞の数え上げ
細胞の倍数性の決定に先立つサンプル中の細胞の数え上げ
細胞表面染色に先立つサンプル中の細胞の数え上げ
方法の速度
迅速な全血からの白血球検定
Ruby System(Abbott Diagnostics、アメリカ合衆国イリノイ州レークフォレスト(Lake Forest)))と良好に相関することを実証する。
病理学 サンプルの分析
分析結果への対応における追加的な手順
非特異的な染料を用いる分析
複数の励起および/または検出チャネルを用いる分析
実施形態では、画像化、検査、および分析のために生物学的サンプルを処理することが、しばしば有用である。例えば、画像化、検査、および分析のために細胞を含む生物学的サンプルを処理することが、しばしば有用である。
実施例1
実施例2
実施例3
実施例4
実施例5
実施例6
暗視野画像を用いて、サンプル中のビーズも同定され、およびRoI境界が、そのビーズの周囲に生成された。各視野の中の全てのRoIが数え上げられ、およびその視野の各画像におけるそれらの強度が計算された。画像処理アルゴリズムによる情報の出力は、各RoIについての形状または形態学的測定ならびに蛍光および暗視野強度により構成される。
この情報は、各対象が、リンパ球、単球、好塩基球、好酸球、好中球またはビーズのいずれであるかを分類するために、統計的方法を用いて分析された。異なるタイプの細胞の計数に基づいて、対応するビーズの計数、およびサンプル処理の間に実行された希釈比率、元の全血のマイクロリットル当たりの細胞の絶対濃度が計算された。これは全ての白血球およびそれぞれのサブタイプについて計算され、および絶対濃度(マイクロリットル当たりの細胞)および比率(%)の両方として報告された。
光学的システム
暗視野
難解な(Esoteric)血球計算および特殊な血球計算マーカー
Claims (1)
- 本明細書に記載の発明。
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