JP2016174021A - 半導体装置 - Google Patents
半導体装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2016174021A JP2016174021A JP2015052197A JP2015052197A JP2016174021A JP 2016174021 A JP2016174021 A JP 2016174021A JP 2015052197 A JP2015052197 A JP 2015052197A JP 2015052197 A JP2015052197 A JP 2015052197A JP 2016174021 A JP2016174021 A JP 2016174021A
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- wiring
- lower layer
- protective film
- semiconductor device
- layer wiring
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- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
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- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 72
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 10
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000577 Silicon-germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
Description
図1は、第1実施形態に係る半導体装置の概略構成を示す断面図である。
図1において、半導体チップ1は、はんだ材3を介してヒートシンク2にはんだ付けされている。なお、半導体チップ1には、例えば、1A以上の電流が流れるパワートランジスタを形成することができる。このパワートランジスタは、耐圧を確保しつつオン抵抗を低減するために、DMOS(Diffused MOS)トランジスタを用いることができる。はんだ材3は、例えば、Pb/Sn合金などを用いることができる。ヒートシンク2は、例えば、AuめっきされたCuなどを用いることができる。半導体チップ1は、ボンディングワイヤ5を介してリード端子4に接続されている。そして、半導体チップ1、はんだ材3およびボンディングワイヤ5は封止樹脂6にて封止されている。この時、ボンディングワイヤ5とリード端子4との接合面も封止樹脂6にて封止することができる。リード端子4は、例えば、AuめっきされたCuなどを用いることができる。ボンディングワイヤ5は、例えば、Cuワイヤなどを用いることができる。封止樹脂6は、例えば、エポキシ樹脂などの熱硬化性樹脂を用いることができる。
図2(a)において、半導体チップ1上には下層配線HAが形成されている。下層配線HA上には保護膜30が形成されている。保護膜30上には、下層配線HAに接続された上層配線HBが形成されている。ここで、保護膜30には開口部30Kが形成されている。そして、開口部30Kを介して上層配線HBを下層配線HAに接続することができる。上層配線HBは、下層配線HAよりも配線幅および配線厚を大きくすることができる。上層配線HBは、例えば、下層配線HAに比べて配線幅および配線厚をそれぞれ10倍以上に設定することができる。この時、下層配線HAの配線幅および配線厚はそれぞれ1μm以下、上層配線HBの配線幅は10μm以上、上層配線HBの配線厚は5μm以上に設定することができる。上層配線HBは、半導体チップ1に形成されるパワートランジスタのオン抵抗を低減するために用いることができる。上層配線HBは、配線厚を厚くするため、めっきにて成膜することができる。この上層配線HBは、複数の下層配線HAに跨るように配置することができ、プレート配線を構成することができる。
上層配線HBは、3層構造で構成することができる。この時、上層配線HBの1層目は、下層配線HAと同等以上の導電率を有する材料を用いることができる。上層配線Hの2層目は、上層配線HAの1層目の腐食を防止するとともに、上層配線HAの3層目の下地となる材料を用いることができる。上層配線HAの3層目は、ボンディングワイヤと密着可能な材料を用いることができる。例えば、上層配線HAは、Cu/Ni/Auからなる3層構造を用いることができる。高価なAuを用いないようにするため、上層配線HAは、Cu/Ni/Pdからなる3層構造を用いるようにしてもよい。保護膜30の材料は、例えば、SiO2またはSiNなどの有機膜を用いるようにしてもよいし、ポリイミド(PI)などの無機膜を用いるようにしてもよい。
ここで、NiはCuに比べてヤング率が大きい。このため、上層配線HBにNiとCuが用いられている場合、上層配線HBに熱応力がかかると、上層配線HBのインコーナ部に熱応力が集中する。一方、上層配線HBと保護膜30との密着性は上層配線HBと下層配線HAとの密着性よりも悪い。このため、上層配線HB下に保護膜30があると、上層配線HBのインコーナ部に熱応力が集中した時に上層配線HBが保護膜30から剥がれ、上層配線HBのNiにクラックが入ることがある。この時、インコーナ部に面取り部K1を設けることにより、上層配線HBのインコーナ部に熱応力が集中するのを緩和することができる。このため、上層配線HBが保護膜30から剥がれるのを防止することが可能となり、上層配線HBのNiにクラックが入るのを防止することができる。このため、図1に示すように、半導体チップ1がヒートシンク2にはんだ付けされる場合においても、半導体チップ1の信頼性を保証することができる。
図3(a)および図3(b)において、半導体基板11上には、エピタキシャル半導体層13が形成されている。半導体基板11とエピタキシャル半導体層13との境界には高濃度不純物拡散層12が埋め込まれている。半導体基板11およびエピタキシャル半導体層13の材料は、例えば、Si、Ge、SiGe、GaAs、GaAlAs、InP、GaP、GaN、SiC、InGaAsPなどを用いることができる。半導体基板11の導電型はP型、エピタキシャル半導体層13の導電型はN型、高濃度不純物拡散層12の導電型はN+型に設定することができる。
エピタキシャル半導体層13において、DTI14間のアクティブ領域にはソース層Sおよびドレイン層Dが形成されている。ソース層Sおよびドレイン層Dの導電型はP+型に設定することができる。ソース層Sとドレイン層Dとの間のアクティブ領域上には、ゲート電極16が配置されている。この時、DMOSトランジスタの耐圧を上げるため、ゲート電極16下のチャネル領域とドレイン層Dとの間には、STI15の分だけオフセットを持たせることができる。
図4は、第2実施形態に係る半導体装置に適用される上層配線のレイアウトの一例を示す平面図である。
図4において、上層配線HBのインコーナ部には、図3(c)の面取り部K1の代わりにアール部K2が設けられている。アール部K2は、パターン設計時に上層配線HBのインコーナ部が90度に設定される場合に比べて、インコーナ部の応力を緩和することができる。ここで、インコーナ部の応力を効果的に緩和するために、アールは5μm以上に設定することが好ましく、さらに好ましくは20μm以上にするのがよい。
図5(a)および図5(b)において、390°Cでは250°CよりもNiにかかる応力が大きい。面取りまたはアールを大きくすると、応力が低下する。アールは角がないため、面取りに比べて応力の緩和効果が大きい。このため、パターン設計時において、上層配線HBのインコーナ部には、5μm以上のアールを設けることが好ましく、さらに好ましくは20μm以上にするのがよい。
Claims (5)
- 半導体チップと、
前記半導体チップ上に形成された下層配線と、
前記下層配線上に設けられた保護膜と、
前記下層配線に接続され、前記下層配線よりも配線幅および配線厚が大きく、複数の下層配線に跨るように前記保護膜上に配置された上層配線と、
前記保護膜上の上層配線のインコーナ部が90度に設定される場合に比べて前記インコーナ部の応力を緩和する応力緩和部とを備える半導体装置。 - 前記応力緩和部は、前記インコーナ部に設けられた面取り部またはアール部である請求項1に記載の半導体装置。
- 前記上層配線は、
前記下層配線の材料と同等以上の導電率を有する第1配線と、
前記第1配線上に形成され、前記第1配線の腐食を防止する第2配線と、
前記第2配線上に形成され、ボンディングワイヤと密着可能な第3配線とを備える請求項1または2に記載の半導体装置。 - 前記上層配線はCu/Ni/Au構造である請求項3に記載の半導体装置。
- 半導体チップと、
前記半導体チップに形成されたDMOS(Diffused MOS)トランジスタと、
前記DMOSトランジスタのドレインに並列接続される複数の下層配線と、
前記下層配線上に設けられた保護膜と、
前記複数の下層配線に接続され、前記下層配線よりも配線幅および配線厚が大きく、前記DMOSトランジスタを覆うように前記保護膜上に配置された上層配線と、
前記保護膜上の上層配線のインコーナ部が90度に設定される場合に比べて前記インコーナ部の応力を緩和する応力緩和部と、
前記上層配線に接続されたボンディングワイヤと、
前記半導体チップにはんだ付けされたヒートシンクとを備える半導体装置。
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