JP2015506059A - 電極組立体及びこれを含む電気化学素子 - Google Patents
電極組立体及びこれを含む電気化学素子 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2015506059A JP2015506059A JP2014544688A JP2014544688A JP2015506059A JP 2015506059 A JP2015506059 A JP 2015506059A JP 2014544688 A JP2014544688 A JP 2014544688A JP 2014544688 A JP2014544688 A JP 2014544688A JP 2015506059 A JP2015506059 A JP 2015506059A
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Abstract
Description
基本単位体に備えられる電極は正極又は負極に区別され、正極及び負極との間に分離膜を介在させた状態で相互結合させて製造される。正極は、例えば、正極集電体上に正極活物質、導電材及びバインダの混合物であるスラリーを塗布した後、乾燥及びプレッシングして製造され得、必要に応じては前記混合物に充填剤をさらに添加したりする。正極をロールに装着されるシート状に具現すれば、基本単位体の製造工程の速度を向上させることができる。
正極集電体は、一般的に3〜500μmの厚さに作製する。このような正極集電体の材料は、電池に化学的変化を誘発しないながら高い導電性を有するものであれば特に制限されるものではなく、例えば、ステンレススチール、アルミニウム、ニッケル、チタン、焼成炭素、又はアルミニウムやステンレススチールの表面にカーボン、ニッケル、チタン、銀などで表面処理したものなどが用いられ得る。正極集電体の表面に微細な凹凸を形成し、正極活物質の接着力を高めることもでき、フィルム、シート、ホイル、ネット、多孔質体、発泡体、不織布体など多様な形態が可能である。
正極活物質はリチウム二次電池の場合、例えば、リチウムコバルト酸化物(LiCoO2)、リチウムニッケル酸化物(LiNiO2)などの層状化合物や、1又はそれ以上の遷移金属に置換された化合物;化学式Li1+xMn2-xO4(ここで、xは0〜0.33である)、LiMnO3、LiMn2O3、LiMnO2などのリチウムマンガン酸化物;リチウム銅酸化物(Li2CuO2);LiV3O8、LiFe3O4、V2O5、Cu2V2O7などのバナジウム酸化物;化学式LiNi1-xMxO2(ここで、M=Co、Mn、Al、Cu、Fe、Mg、B又はGaであり、x=0.01〜0.3である)で表現されるNiサイト型リチウムニッケル酸化物;化学式LiMn2-xMxO2(ここで、M=Co、Ni、Fe、Cr、Zn又はTaで、x=0.01〜0.1である)又はLi2Mn3MO8(ここで、M=Fe、Co、Ni、Cu又はZnである)で表現されるリチウムマンガン複合酸化物;化学式のLiの一部がアルカリ土金属イオンに置換されたLiMn2O4;ジスルフィド化合物;Fe2(MoO4)3などを挙げることができるが、これらだけで限定されるものではない。
負極は、例えば、負極集電体上に負極活物質を塗布、乾燥及びプレッシングして製造され得、必要に応じて導電材、バインダ、充填剤などが選択的にさらに含まれ得る。負極をロールに装着されるシート状に具現すれば、基本単位体の製造工程の速度を向上させることができる。
負極集電体は、一般的に3〜500μmの厚さに作製される。このような負極集電体は、電池に化学的変化を誘発すること無く導電性を有するものであれば特に制限されるものではなく、例えば、銅、ステンレススチール、アルミニウム、ニッケル、チタン、焼成炭素、銅やステンレススチールの表面にカーボン、ニッケル、チタン、銀などで表面処理したもの、アルミニウム−カドミウム合金などが用いられ得る。また、正極集電体と同様に、表面に微細な凹凸を形成して負極活物質の結合力を強化させることもでき、フィルム、シート、ホイル、ネット、多孔質体、発泡体、不織布体などの多様な形態が可能である。
負極活物質は、例えば、難黒煙化炭素、黒煙系炭素などの炭素;LixFe2O3(0≦x≦1), LixWO2(0≦x≦1), SnxMe1-xMe’yOz (Me:Mn, Fe, Pb, Ge; Me’:Al、B、P、Si、周期律表の1族、2族、3族元素、ハロゲン;0<x≦1;1≦y≦3;1≦z≦8)などの金属複合酸化物;リチウム金属;リチウム合金;ケイ素系合金;錫系合金;SnO, SnO2, PbO, PbO2, Pb2O3, Pb3O4, Sb2O3, Sb2O4, Sb2O5, GeO, GeO2, Bi2O3, Bi2O4, and Bi2O5などの金属酸化物;ポリアセチレンなどの導電性高分子;Li-Co-Ni系材料などが用いられ得る。
分離膜は、フォールディング工程やロール(roll)工程とは関係なく、単純積層工程により基本単位体を形成して単純積層を具現することになる。特に、分離膜と電極の接着は、ラミネータの内部で圧力(又は圧力と熱)によって行われ得る。これにより、電極と分離膜シートとの間の安定的な界面接触が可能になる。
前述したような本発明の詳細な説明では、具体的な実施例に関して説明した。しかし、本発明の範疇から外れない限度内では多様な変形が可能である。本発明の技術的思想は、本発明の記述した実施例に限って定められてはならず、特許請求の範囲だけではなく、この特許請求の範囲と均等なものなどによって定められなければならない。
Claims (22)
- 第1電極、第1分離膜、第2電極及び第2分離膜が順次積層され、4層構造を形成する基本単位体が少なくとも一つ積層される電極組立体。
- 前記基本単位体は、前記電極と前記分離膜が互いに接着されて形成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記電極と前記分離膜の接着は、前記電極と前記分離膜に圧力を加えることによる接着、又は前記電極と前記分離膜に圧力と熱を加えることによる接着であることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記分離膜は、接着力を有するコーティング物質が表面にコーティングされることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記コーティング物質は、無機物粒子とバインダ高分子の混合物であることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記第1分離膜は、前記第1電極と前記第2電極に対向する両面に前記コーティング物質がコーティングされ、前記第2分離膜は、前記第2電極に対向する一面にのみ前記コーティング物質がコーティングされることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記第1分離膜は、前記第1電極と前記第2電極に対向する両面に前記コーティング物質がコーティングされ、前記第2分離膜は、前記第2電極に対向する一面とその反対面に前記コーティング物質がコーティングされ、
二つ以上の基本単位体が積層され、前記第2分離膜のコーティング物質を介して基本単位体同士互いに接着されることを特徴とする請求項4に記載の電極組立体。 - 前記基本単位体は、前記4層構造が繰り返し積層されて形成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記電極組立体は、最上側又は最下側に位置する第1電極である第1末端電極に積層される第1補助単位体をさらに含み、
前記第1補助単位体は、前記第1電極が正極で且つ前記第2電極が負極のとき、前記第1末端電極から順次分離膜、負極、分離膜及び正極が積層されて形成され、前記第1電極が負極で且つ前記第2電極が正極のとき、前記第1末端電極から順次分離膜及び正極が積層されて形成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電極組立体。 - 前記第1補助単位体の正極は:
集電体;及び
前記集電体の両面のうち前記基本単位体に対向する一面にのみコーティングされる正極活物質;を備えることを特徴とする請求項9に記載の電極組立体。 - 前記電極組立体は、最上側又は最下側に位置する第1電極である第1末端電極に積層される第1補助単位体をさらに含み、
前記第1補助単位体は、前記第1電極が正極で且つ前記第2電極が負極のとき、前記第1末端電極から順次分離膜、負極及び分離膜が積層されて形成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電極組立体。 - 前記電極組立体は、最上側又は最下側に位置する第2分離膜である第2末端分離膜に積層される第2補助単位体をさらに含み、
前記第2補助単位体は、前記第1電極が正極で且つ前記第2電極が負極のとき、正極に形成され、前記第1電極が負極で且つ前記第2電極が正極のとき、前記第2末端分離膜から順次負極、分離膜及び正極が積層されて形成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電極組立体。 - 前記第2補助単位体の正極は:
集電体;及び
前記集電体の両面のうち前記基本単位体に対向する一面にのみコーティングされる正極活物質;を備えることを特徴とする請求項12に記載の電極組立体。 - 前記電極組立体は、最上側又は最下側に位置する第2分離膜である第2末端分離膜に積層される第2補助単位体をさらに含み、
前記第2補助単位体は、前記第1電極が正極で且つ前記第2電極が負極のとき、前記第2末端分離膜から順次第1正極、分離膜、負極、分離膜及び第2正極が積層されて形成され、
前記第2補助単位体の第2正極は集電体と正極活物質を備え、前記正極活物質は集電体の両面のうち前記基本単位体に対向する一面にのみコーティングされることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電極組立体。 - 前記電極組立体は、最上側又は最下側に位置する第2分離膜である第2末端分離膜に積層される第2補助単位体をさらに含み、
前記第2補助単位体は、前記第1電極が負極で且つ前記第2電極が正極のとき、前記第2末端分離膜から順次負極、分離膜、正極、分離膜及び負極が積層されて形成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電極組立体。 - 前記電極組立体の側面又は全面を固定する固定部をさらに含む請求項1に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記固定部は、前記電極組立体の側面又は全面をテーピングする高分子テープを利用して具現される請求項16に記載の電極組立体。
- 前記第1電極と前記第2電極は、
集電体;及び
前記集電体の両面にコーティングされた活物質;を備えることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電極組立体。 - 前記分離膜は、
微細多孔を含むポリエチレンフィルム、ポリプロピレンフィルム、又はこれらフィルムの組合せによって製造される多層フィルム、及び
ポリビニリデンフルオライド、ポリエチレンオキシド、ポリアクリロニトリル、又はポリビニリデンフルオライドヘキサフルオロプロピレン共重合体の高分子電解質用高分子フィルムからなる群より選択されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電極組立体。 - 前記正極活物質は、Li2MnO3及びLiMO2を含む正極スラリーによって形成されることを特徴とする請求項10又は請求項13又は請求項14に記載の電極組立体。
- 請求項1ないし19のいずれか一項に係る電極組立体を含む電気化学素子。
- 前記電気化学素子は、
二次電池、多数の二次電池を含む電池モジュール、又は多数の電池モジュールを含む電池パックであることを特徴とする請求項21に記載の電気化学素子。
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CN103959541B (zh) | 2016-06-22 |
JP6093369B2 (ja) | 2017-03-08 |
EP2772978A1 (en) | 2014-09-03 |
PL2772978T3 (pl) | 2019-06-28 |
EP2772978A4 (en) | 2015-12-30 |
WO2013176500A1 (ko) | 2013-11-28 |
US20140212729A1 (en) | 2014-07-31 |
KR20130131246A (ko) | 2013-12-03 |
US10516185B2 (en) | 2019-12-24 |
EP2772978B1 (en) | 2018-12-26 |
TWI532233B (zh) | 2016-05-01 |
KR101543065B1 (ko) | 2015-08-10 |
TW201401615A (zh) | 2014-01-01 |
CN103959541A (zh) | 2014-07-30 |
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