JP2013542553A - トリブロックコポリマーおよびこれから調製される電解質膜 - Google Patents
トリブロックコポリマーおよびこれから調製される電解質膜 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2013542553A JP2013542553A JP2013528099A JP2013528099A JP2013542553A JP 2013542553 A JP2013542553 A JP 2013542553A JP 2013528099 A JP2013528099 A JP 2013528099A JP 2013528099 A JP2013528099 A JP 2013528099A JP 2013542553 A JP2013542553 A JP 2013542553A
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- Prior art keywords
- triblock copolymer
- copolymer block
- copolymer
- electrolyte membrane
- polar
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 229920000428 triblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N p-cresol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IWDCLRJOBJJRNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- LERREUOVCXYKGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-phenoxyphenyl)-phenylmethanone Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)C=1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 LERREUOVCXYKGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 26
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 20
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- LSQARZALBDFYQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-difluorobenzophenone Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LSQARZALBDFYQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- DNLRPRKUMOVZJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3,5-bis(4-fluorobenzoyl)phenyl]-(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC(C(=O)C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=CC(C(=O)C=2C=CC(F)=CC=2)=C1 DNLRPRKUMOVZJR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- YWFPGFJLYRKYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9,9-bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C2=CC=CC=C21 YWFPGFJLYRKYJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229930185605 Bisphenol Natural products 0.000 description 8
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920006030 multiblock copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- VKDSBABHIXQFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium;4-hydroxy-3-sulfophenolate Chemical compound [K+].OC1=CC=C(O)C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 VKDSBABHIXQFKH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012643 polycondensation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 4
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PLVUIVUKKJTSDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-fluoro-4-(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonylbenzene Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 PLVUIVUKKJTSDM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005727 Friedel-Crafts reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003929 acidic solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium carbonate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]C([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- RWUMUMVQABQIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L dipotassium;2-fluoro-5-(4-fluoro-3-sulfonatobenzoyl)benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].C1=C(F)C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC(C(=O)C=2C=C(C(F)=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)=C1 RWUMUMVQABQIEW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N ether Substances CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- XWWMKJADTYYKPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (3,5-difluorophenyl)-(4-fluorophenyl)methanone Chemical compound C1=CC(F)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC(F)=CC(F)=C1 XWWMKJADTYYKPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCJDJLHCOYSLDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-trifluoro-5-(3,4,5-trifluorophenyl)sulfonylbenzene Chemical compound FC1=C(F)C(F)=CC(S(=O)(=O)C=2C=C(F)C(F)=C(F)C=2)=C1 QCJDJLHCOYSLDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HZZBITVSVYFOND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-bromopyrimidine-4-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=NC=NC=C1Br HZZBITVSVYFOND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920003934 Aciplex® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Disodium Chemical class [Na][Na] QXNVGIXVLWOKEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,3,5-tricarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC(C(Cl)=O)=CC(C(Cl)=O)=C1 UWCPYKQBIPYOLX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZFVMWEVVKGLCIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol AF Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C(C(F)(F)F)(C(F)(F)F)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ZFVMWEVVKGLCIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002860 competitive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N monofluorobenzene Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC=C1 PYLWMHQQBFSUBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006120 non-fluorinated polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005588 protonation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000027756 respiratory electron transport chain Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- WPFGFHJALYCVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-L rubidium carbonate Chemical compound [Rb+].[Rb+].[O-]C([O-])=O WPFGFHJALYCVMO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000026 rubidium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006277 sulfonation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid;sulfur trioxide Chemical compound O=S(=O)=O.OS(O)(=O)=O HIFJUMGIHIZEPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
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- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/103—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having nitrogen, e.g. sulfonated polybenzimidazoles [S-PBI], polybenzimidazoles with phosphoric acid, sulfonated polyamides [S-PA] or sulfonated polyphosphazenes [S-PPh]
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G61/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G61/12—Macromolecular compounds containing atoms other than carbon in the main chain of the macromolecule
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G65/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G65/34—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives
- C08G65/38—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols
- C08G65/40—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule from hydroxy compounds or their metallic derivatives derived from phenols from phenols (I) and other compounds (II), e.g. OH-Ar-OH + X-Ar-X, where X is halogen atom, i.e. leaving group
- C08G65/4012—Other compound (II) containing a ketone group, e.g. X-Ar-C(=O)-Ar-X for polyetherketones
- C08G65/4056—(I) or (II) containing sulfur
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
- C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
- C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
- C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
- C08J5/2256—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those involving carbon-to-carbon bonds, e.g. obtained by polycondensation
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L71/00—Compositions of polyethers obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C08L81/06—Polysulfones; Polyethersulfones
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
- H01M8/1027—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having carbon, oxygen and other atoms, e.g. sulfonated polyethersulfones [S-PES]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
- H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
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- H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
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- H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
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- H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
- H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/30—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/34—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating partially-aromatic structural elements in the main chain
- C08G2261/344—Monomer units or repeat units incorporating structural elements in the main chain incorporating partially-aromatic structural elements in the main chain containing heteroatoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2261/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming a carbon-to-carbon link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2261/50—Physical properties
- C08G2261/51—Charge transport
- C08G2261/516—Charge transport ion-conductive
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2650/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule
- C08G2650/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions forming an ether link in the main chain of the macromolecule characterised by the polymer type
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Abstract
Description
[反応スキームI]
アノード電極において: H2->2H++2e-
カソード電極において:1/2O2+2H++2e-->H2O
反応全体:H2+1/2O2->H2O
Uは、以下からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つであり:
Mは、NaまたはKであり;
Bは、以下からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つであり:
x:yは、1000:1から5:1であり、a:bは、1000:1から5:1であり;
10≦m≦2000および5≦n≦800である)。
1当量のヒドロキノンスルホン酸カリウム塩、0.97当量の4,4'-ジフルオロベンゾフェノン、0.025当量のp-クレゾールおよび0.02当量の[3,5-ビス(4-フルオロベンゾイル)フェニル](4-フルオロフェニル)メタノン)を、Dean Starkトラップおよび冷却器を備えた1Lの反応器に添加し、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)およびベンゼンを溶媒として添加し、窒素雰囲気下で炭酸カリウムを触媒として用いて反応を開始した。反応混合物を油浴において140℃の温度で4時間撹拌した。ベンゼンを蒸留し、水をDean Starkトラップの分子篩によってベンゼンとのアゼオトロープの形態で除去し、反応温度を180℃まで上昇させ、縮重合を20時間実施した。
反応後、反応生成物を60℃に冷却し、0.34当量の4,4'-ジフルオロベンゾフェノン、0.335当量の9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレン)および0.005当量の[3,5-ビス(4-フルオロベンゾイル)フェニル](4-フルオロフェニル)メタノン)を反応器に添加し、窒素雰囲気下でジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)およびベンゼンを溶媒として用いて、炭酸カリウムを触媒として用いて、反応を再び開始した。反応混合物を油浴において140℃の温度で4時間撹拌した。ベンゼンを蒸留し、水をDean Starkトラップの分子篩において共沸混合物の形態で除去し、反応温度を180℃まで上昇させ、縮重合を20時間実施した。
0.97当量の4,4'-ジフルオロベンゾフェノン、1当量の9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレン)、0.02当量の[3,5-ビス(4-フルオロベンゾイル)フェニル](4-フルオロフェニル)メタノン)および0.025当量のp-クレゾールを、Dean Starkトラップおよび冷却器を備えた1Lの反応器に添加し、ジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)およびベンゼンを溶媒として添加し、窒素雰囲気下で炭酸カリウムを触媒として用いて反応を開始した。反応混合物を油浴において140℃の温度で4時間撹拌した。ベンゼンを蒸留し、水をDean Starkトラップの分子篩によってベンゼンとのアゼオトロープの形態で除去し、反応温度を180℃まで上昇させ、縮重合を20時間実施した。
反応後、反応生成物を60℃に冷却し、1.6当量の4,4'-ジフルオロベンゾフェノン、1.605当量の9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレン)および0.005当量の[3,5-ビス(4-フルオロベンゾイル)フェニル](4-フルオロフェニル)メタノン)を反応器に添加し、窒素雰囲気下でジメチルスルホキシド(DMSO)およびベンゼンを溶媒として用いて、炭酸カリウムを触媒として用いて、反応を再び開始した。反応混合物を油浴において140℃の温度で4時間撹拌した。ベンゼンを留去し、水をDean Starkトラップの分子篩によってベンゼンとのアゼオトロープの形態で除去し、反応温度を180℃まで上昇させ、縮重合を20時間実施した。
極性部分含有コポリマーブロックを調製するプロセスにおいて0.95当量のヒドロキノンスルホン酸カリウム塩、0.97当量の4,4'-ジフルオロベンゾフェノンおよび0.02当量の[3,5-ビス(4-フルオロベンゾイル)フェニル](4-フルオロフェニル)メタノン)を用いたこと、ならびに非極性部分含有コポリマーブロックを調製するプロセスにおいて0.23当量の4,4'-ジフルオロベンゾフェノン、0.2876当量の9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレン)および0.005当量の[3,5-ビス(4-フルオロベンゾイル)フェニル](4-フルオロフェニル)メタノン)を用いたことを除いて実施例1と同様にして、マルチブロックコポリマーを調製した。
極性部分含有コポリマーブロックを調製するプロセスにおいて側鎖を含有するモノマーとして[3,5-ビス(4-フルオロベンゾイル)フェニル](4-フルオロフェニル)メタノン)を用いなかったこと、極性部分含有コポリマーブロックを調製するプロセスにおいて非極性部分含有コポリマーブロック;1当量のヒドロキノンスルホン酸カリウム塩、1当量の4,4'-ジフルオロベンゾフェノンおよび0.025当量のp-クレゾールを用いたこと;ならびに非極性部分含有コポリマーブロックを調製するプロセスにおいて0.31当量の4,4'-ジフルオロベンゾフェノンおよび0.2975当量の9,9-ビス(4-ヒドロキシフェニル)フルオレン)を用いたことを除いて実施例1と同様にして、トリブロックコポリマーを調製した。
燃料電池用電解質膜の調製
実施例および比較例において合成されたブロックコポリマーを、溶媒としてのN,N-ジメチルアセトアミド(DMAc)に3から15重量%の重量比で完全に溶解し、濾過して、フィルムキャスト用溶液を調製した。ポリマーフィルムを、40℃のクリーンベンチにおいてアプリケータの定盤上でドクターブレードを用いてガラス基材にキャストし、24時間放置し、200℃のオーブンに置き、24時間放置した。
実施例1から3ならびに比較例1および2において調製された電解質膜のイオン交換能による水の取り込みを測定し、こうして得た結果を以下のTable 1(表1)に示す:
実施例1から3ならびに比較例1および2において調製された電解質膜のイオン交換能の関数としての単位セル性能を測定し、こうして得た結果を図1に示す。
Claims (7)
- t-P-N-P-tまたはt-N-P-N-tの分子構造
(ここで、tは、端部形成モノマーによって形成されるポリマーの端部を表し、pは、極性部分を有するコポリマーブロックを表し、Nは、非極性部分を有するコポリマーブロックを表す)
を有し、
100,000から1,000,000g/molの重量平均分子量を有する、
燃料電池用ポリマー電解質膜としてのトリブロックコポリマー。 - Pが、以下の式1によって表されるコポリマーブロックを表し、Nが、以下の式2によって表されるコポリマーブロックを表す:
Uは、以下からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つであり:
Mは、NaまたはKであり;
Bは、以下からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つであり:
x:yは、1000:1から5:1であり、a:bは、1000:1から5:1であり;
10≦m≦2000および5≦n≦800である)、請求項1に記載のトリブロックコポリマー。 - tが、それぞれ独立して、p-クレゾール、フェノキシ、ベンゾフェノンおよびメトキシ基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1つである、請求項1に記載のトリブロックコポリマー。
- 極性部分含有コポリマーブロックの重量平均分子量が、3,500から350,000g/molである、請求項1に記載のトリブロックコポリマー。
- 非極性部分含有コポリマーブロックの重量平均分子量が、3,000から400,000g/molである、請求項1に記載のトリブロックコポリマー。
- 請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載のトリブロックコポリマーを含み、N、NaまたはKが、Hによって置換されている、電解質膜。
- セパレータが2個の隣接する膜電極アセンブリの間に介在するように積層されている複数の膜電極アセンブリを含む積層体であって、電極が、請求項6に記載の電解質膜の両端部に付いている、積層体;
燃料を前記積層体に供給する燃料供給体;および
酸化剤を前記積層体に供給する酸化剤供給体
を含む燃料電池。
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