JP2008504996A - 吸音性多層複合材料 - Google Patents
吸音性多層複合材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP2008504996A JP2008504996A JP2007520307A JP2007520307A JP2008504996A JP 2008504996 A JP2008504996 A JP 2008504996A JP 2007520307 A JP2007520307 A JP 2007520307A JP 2007520307 A JP2007520307 A JP 2007520307A JP 2008504996 A JP2008504996 A JP 2008504996A
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- B01D53/22—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion
- B01D53/228—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by diffusion characterised by specific membranes
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Abstract
Description
a)約500〜約4000mksレイルズ(Rayl)の気流抵抗を有する半透性気流抵抗膜と、
b)約2000mksレイルズ未満の気流抵抗および全複合材料厚さの少なくとも約1/10の厚さを有する空気透過性連続気泡フォームまたは繊維パッドと、
c)少なくとも約100mksレイルズの気流抵抗および全複合材料厚さの少なくとも約1/3の厚さを有する空気透過性強化コアと、
d)空気不透過性バリアと、
を含む吸音性多層複合材料を提供する。
a)順に空気不透過性バリア、少なくとも約100mksレイルズの気流抵抗および最終複合材料厚さの少なくとも約1/3の厚さを有する空気透過性強化コア、約2000mksレイルズ未満の気流抵抗および最終複合材料厚さの少なくとも約1/10の厚さを有する空気透過性連続気泡フォームまたは繊維パッド、ならびに約500〜約4000mksレイルズの気流抵抗を有する半透性気流抵抗膜を含む層の積み重ねを提供する工程と、
b)層の積み重ねを一緒に、一体化した吸音性多層複合材料を形成するのに十分な熱および圧力下に積層する工程と、
を含む多層吸音複合材料の製造方法を提供する。
半透性の気流抵抗装飾膜を、交互のポリエチレンテレフタレートおよびナイロン6・セグメントのセグメント化パイ断面構造を有する6デニール×51mmの分割可能な複合ステープルファイバー(ファイバー・イノベーション・テクノロジー社製のタイプT−502)を使用して製造した。ウェブを樹脂接合し、ダークグレー着色を与えるために着色させ、そして繊維を分割し、かみ合わせるためにカーディングし、水流交絡させた。完成ウェブは0.6mm厚さおよびASTM C−522を用いて測定されるように1,327mksレイルズの気流抵抗を有した。
実施例1の複合材料表面仕上げ布層を、スプレー接着剤の別のミスト層で軽くコートし、実施例1で用いた半透性気流抵抗膜の第2層でカバーした。音響学的に、結果は単一のより気流抵抗性の膜の使用に似ていた。得られた吸音性多層複合材料は、図8に示す複合材料80のような構造を有した。接着層9は無視できる厚さを有した。複合材料は11.7mmキャビティ深さおよび12.3mm全複合材料厚さ、または95%比のキャビティ深さ対全複合材料厚さを有した。この複合材料を実施例2と特定し、実施例1の方法を用いて法線入射で吸音について評価した。吸音結果は図9で曲線2として示され、より気流抵抗性の膜を使用することによって吸音のさらなる改善をより低い周波数で得ることができたことを実証する。
複合材料を、半透性気流抵抗膜をフォーム層の下に、従って乗員側からもっと遠くに埋めるように実施例1の複合材料における半透性気流抵抗膜(図7の膜12)および連続気泡フォーム層(図7のフォーム14)の場所を交換することによって製造した。スプレー接着剤の軽いミストコートを使用して層を再構築した。得られた複合材料を、実施例1の方法を用いて法線入射で吸音について評価した。この複合材料は、すべての測定周波数で実施例1の複合材料より低い吸音係数(すなわち、より不満足な性能)を有した。結果を表1で下に示す。
比較例Mで評価した欧州高級スポーツ・ユーティリティ・ビークル自動車ヘッドライナーの第2サンプルを車製造業者から入手した。全表面仕上げ布層を注意深く取り除き、それが100mksレイルズより十分に下の気流抵抗を有することを断定するために測定し、廃棄した。露出した連続気泡フォーム層を、スプレー接着剤のミスト層で軽くコートし、実施例1で用いた半透性気流抵抗膜でカバーした。ホット・エアガンを用いてしわを除いた。完成ヘッドライナーを実施例4と特定し、元の備品ヘッドライナーとの車両内騒音比較のために車製造業者へ送り返した。騒音比較試験は、ドライバーの右耳の近くに置かれたマイクロフォンを用いて、112キロメートル毎時で、平滑面トラック上で行われた。結果を音圧レベル(SPL)対周波数のプロットとして図11に示す。曲線Mは元の備品騒音レベルを示し、曲線4は実施例4のヘッドライナー騒音レベルを示す。SPLの非常に大きい3〜5dB平均低下が低い道路騒音を達成するために既に幅広く工作されてきた車両で得られた。
日本高級セダンに使用される自動車ヘッドライナーを車製造業者の米国子会社から入手した。63.5mm直径円筒形サンプルを完成部品からカットし、比較例Hと特定し、実施例1の方法を用いて吸音について評価した。吸音結果を図12で曲線Hとして示す。
米国製フルサイズ日本軽トラックに使用されるヘッドライナーを車製造業者から入手した。円筒形サンプルをヘッドライナーからカットし、比較例Tと特定した。サンプルを個々のサンプル層を明らかにするために切り裂いた。乗員側から車両側まで、これらの層は非制限的な表面仕上げ布、連続気泡フォーム、接着剤コートしたポリエチレン空気不透過性バリアフィルム、空気透過性強化コア、および空気不透過性バリアフィルムであった。ヘッドライナーはこのように、コアから乗員側への接着剤移行を明らかに防ぐために、不透過性バリアフィルムを強化コアの各側に用いていた。しかしながら、これは強化コアがインテリア吸音に寄与することを妨げた。ヘッドライナーはまた、半透性気流抵抗膜を欠き、こうして潜在的なインテリア吸音をさらに制限した。ヘッドライナーは、1)非制限的な表面仕上げ布を上記のもののような半透性の気流抵抗装飾膜で取り替えること、または半透性の気流抵抗非装飾もしくは装飾膜を表面仕上げ布の真下に積層することによって、ならびに2)強化コアの乗員側バリアフィルムを、その材料、トポグラフィー、表面エネルギーもしくは他の関連特性が接着剤移行を十分に阻止する半透性気流抵抗膜で取り替えることによって著しく改善することができた。これらの工程は音響キャビティ深さを2倍超にし、強化コアがインテリア吸音に寄与することを可能にし、そして吸音を実質的に増大させ、インテリア音圧レベルを下げるであろう。
Claims (44)
- 順に
a)約500〜約4000mksレイルズの気流抵抗を有する半透性気流抵抗膜と、
b)約2000mksレイルズ未満の気流抵抗および全複合材料厚さの少なくとも約1/10の厚さを有する空気透過性連続気泡フォームまたは繊維パッドと、
c)少なくとも約100mksレイルズの気流抵抗および全複合材料厚さの少なくとも約1/3の厚さを有する空気透過性強化コアと、
d)空気不透過性バリアと、
を含む吸音性多層複合材料。 - キャビティ深さが空気不透過性バリア最内側から膜最外側まで測定されて、全複合材料厚さの少なくとも90%のキャビティ深さを有する、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- キャビティ深さが空気不透過性バリア最内側から膜最外側まで測定されて、全複合材料厚さの少なくとも95%のキャビティ深さを有する、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記膜が約500〜約1500mksレイルズの気流抵抗を有する、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記膜が複合材料の最外層である、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記膜が着色されてまたはテキスチャ加工されて装飾外観を提供する、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記膜が不織ウェブを含む、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記膜がマイクロデニール糸を含む編布または織布を含む、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記膜がマルチコンポネントファイバーを含む、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記膜が分割されたまたは分割可能なバイコンポネントファイバーを含む、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記フォームまたは繊維パッドが全複合材料厚さの少なくとも約1/4の厚さを有する、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記フォームまたは繊維パッドが全複合材料厚さの少なくとも約1/2の厚さを有する、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記フォームまたは繊維パッドが約500mksレイルズ未満の気流抵抗を有する、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記コアが全複合材料厚さの約2/3未満の厚さを有する、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記コアが全複合材料厚さの約1/2未満の厚さを有する、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記コアが約2000mksレイルズ未満の気流抵抗を有する、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 前記膜に接着された最外の非制限的な空気透過性装飾層をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の複合材料。
- 約2000mksレイルズ未満の気流抵抗および少なくとも約1mmの厚さを有する空気透過性連続気泡フォームまたは繊維パッドに接着された、約500〜約4000mksレイルズの気流抵抗を有する半透性気流抵抗膜を含む螺旋状に巻かれた多孔性ラミネート・プリフォームを含むロール製品。
- 前記膜が約500〜約1500mksレイルズの気流抵抗を有する、請求項18に記載のロール製品。
- 前記膜が着色されてまたはテキスチャ加工されて装飾外観を提供する、請求項18に記載のロール製品。
- 前記膜が不織ウェブを含む、請求項18に記載のロール製品。
- 前記膜がマイクロデニール糸を含む編布または織布を含む、請求項18に記載のロール製品。
- 前記膜がマルチコンポネントファイバーを含む、請求項18に記載のロール製品。
- 前記フォームまたは繊維パッドが約500mksレイルズ未満の気流抵抗を有する、請求項18に記載のロール製品。
- 前記フォームに接着された熱可塑性接着層をさらに含む、請求項18に記載のロール製品。
- 前記膜に接着された最外の非制限的な空気透過性装飾層をさらに含む、請求項18に記載のロール製品。
- 熱可塑性接着層に接着された、約2000mksレイルズ未満の気流抵抗および少なくとも約1mmの厚さを有する空気透過性連続気泡フォームまたは繊維パッドに接着された、約500〜約4000mksレイルズの気流抵抗を有する半透性気流抵抗膜に接着された、非制限的な空気透過性装飾織布または不織布層を含む螺旋状に巻かれた多孔性ラミネート・プリフォームを含むロール製品。
- a)順に空気不透過性バリア、少なくとも約100mksレイルズの気流抵抗および最終複合材料厚さの少なくとも約1/3の厚さを有する空気透過性強化コア、約2000mksレイルズ未満の気流抵抗および最終複合材料厚さの少なくとも約1/10の厚さを有する空気透過性連続気泡フォームまたは繊維パッド、ならびに約500〜約4000mksレイルズの気流抵抗を有する半透性気流抵抗膜を含む層の積み重ねを提供する工程と、
b)層の前記積み重ねを一緒に、一体化した吸音性多層複合材料を形成するのに十分な熱および圧力下に積層する工程と、
を含む多層吸音複合材料の製造方法。 - キャビティ深さが空気不透過性バリア最内側から膜最外側まで測定されて、前記複合材料が全複合材料厚さの少なくとも90%のキャビティ深さを有する、請求項28に記載の方法。
- キャビティ深さが空気不透過性バリア最内側から膜最外側まで測定されて、前記複合材料が全複合材料厚さの少なくとも95%のキャビティ深さを有する、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記膜が約500〜約1500mksレイルズの気流抵抗を有する、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記膜が前記複合材料の最外層である、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記膜が着色されてまたはテキスチャ加工されて装飾外観を提供する、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記膜が不織ウェブを含む、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記膜がマイクロデニール糸を含む編布または織布を含む、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記膜がマルチコンポネントファイバーを含む、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記膜が分割されたまたは分割可能なバイコンポネントファイバーを含む、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記フォームまたは繊維パッドが全複合材料厚さの少なくとも約1/4の厚さを有する、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記フォームまたは繊維パッドが全複合材料厚さの少なくとも約1/2の厚さを有する、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記フォームまたは繊維パッドが約500mksレイルズ未満の気流抵抗を有する、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記コアが全複合材料厚さの約2/3未満の厚さを有する、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記コアが全複合材料厚さの約1/2未満の厚さを有する、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記コアが約2000mksレイルズ未満の気流抵抗を有する、請求項28に記載の方法。
- 前記積み重ねが前記膜に隣接した最外の非限定的な空気透過性装飾層をさらに含む、請求項28に記載の方法。
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- 2005-06-03 KR KR1020077002458A patent/KR20070033453A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
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JP2002505209A (ja) * | 1998-03-03 | 2002-02-19 | リーター アウトモーティブ (インターナツィオナール) アクティエン ゲゼルシャフト | 吸音性を有する薄層ラミネート |
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JP5091671B2 (ja) | 2012-12-05 |
US7591346B2 (en) | 2009-09-22 |
EP1781466B1 (en) | 2009-09-09 |
ATE442249T1 (de) | 2009-09-15 |
US20080073146A1 (en) | 2008-03-27 |
DE602005016568D1 (de) | 2009-10-22 |
US7320739B2 (en) | 2008-01-22 |
EP1781466A1 (en) | 2007-05-09 |
CN1980789B (zh) | 2012-02-22 |
KR20070033453A (ko) | 2007-03-26 |
TW200610857A (en) | 2006-04-01 |
CN1980789A (zh) | 2007-06-13 |
US20040231915A1 (en) | 2004-11-25 |
WO2006007276A1 (en) | 2006-01-19 |
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