JP2006179432A - 非水電解液二次電池 - Google Patents
非水電解液二次電池 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP2006179432A JP2006179432A JP2004374207A JP2004374207A JP2006179432A JP 2006179432 A JP2006179432 A JP 2006179432A JP 2004374207 A JP2004374207 A JP 2004374207A JP 2004374207 A JP2004374207 A JP 2004374207A JP 2006179432 A JP2006179432 A JP 2006179432A
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- Prior art keywords
- secondary battery
- electrolyte secondary
- porous layer
- negative electrode
- aqueous electrolyte
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
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Abstract
【解決手段】 正極1と、負極2と、正極1と負極2との間に配置されたセパレータ3と、非水電解液とを含み、負極2のセパレータ3側の表面には、多孔質層4が配置され、多孔質層4は、キュリー温度が40℃以上200℃以下の電子伝導性材料を含む非水電解液二次電池とする。前記電子伝導性材料は、電子伝導性を付与した無機材料、電子伝導性を付与した高分子材料、及び前記無機材料と前記高分子材料との複合材料から選ばれる少なくとも1種の材料が好ましい。
【選択図】 図1
Description
以下に示すようにして、電極と、多孔質層と、電池の作製を行った。
正極は次のようにして作製した。先ず、92質量部のLiCoO2(正極活物質)に導電助剤として燐片状黒鉛を5質量部加えて混合し、この混合物にポリフッ化ビニリデン(バインダー)3質量部をN−メチルピロリドン(NMP)に溶解させた溶液を加えて混合して正極合剤スラリーとした。この正極合剤スラリーを100メッシュの網を通過させて粒径が大きなものを取り除いた後、この正極合剤スラリーを厚さ15μmのアルミニウム箔からなる正極集電体の両面に均一に塗付して乾燥し、ロールプレス機により圧縮成形して総厚さを160μmに調整して、正極シートを得た。その後、この正極シートを縦150mm、横120mmに切断し、アルミニウム製のリード部を溶接して、矩形状の正極を作製した。この正極の電気容量は、両面で1000mAhとした。
カーボンブラック60質量部と、低密度ポリエチレン30質量部と、ポリエチレン微粉末ワックス10質量部とを混合し、ジェットミルにより粒径が1μm〜5μmとなるように粉砕して、キュリー温度が約100℃の電子伝導性材料を調製した。この電子伝導性材料は、25℃における体積固有抵抗が0.2Ω・cm、100℃における体積固有抵抗が20Ω・cmであり、PTC特性を有する。
先ず、非水電解液としては、ジメチルカーボネートとエチレンカーボネートとの体積比3:7の混合溶媒に、LiPF6を1.0mol/L溶解させたものを準備した。
電子伝導性材料として、キュリー温度が70℃のY2O3添加のチタン酸バリウム“RTシリーズ”(富士チタン工業社製のPTC用配合材)を用いた。この電子伝導性材料は、平均粒径が1μm、25℃における体積固有抵抗が18Ω・cm、70℃における体積固有抵抗が420Ω・cmであり、PTC特性を有する。
カーボンブラック35質量部と、ポリエチレンワックス65質量部とを混合し、ジェットミルにより粒径が2μm〜11μmとなるように粉砕して、キュリー温度が87℃の電子伝導性材料を調製した。この電子伝導性材料は、25℃における体積固有抵抗が0.42Ω・cm、87℃における体積固有抵抗が56Ω・cmであり、PTC特性を有する。
カーボンブラック35質量部と、ポリエチレンワックス50質量部と、アルミナ粒子15質量部とを混合し、ジェットミルにより粒径が0.5μm〜8μmとなるように粉砕して、キュリー温度が91℃の電子伝導性材料を調製した。この電子伝導性材料は、25℃における体積固有抵抗が0.38Ω・cm、91℃における体積固有抵抗が40Ω・cmであり、PTC特性を有する。
多孔質層を形成していない正極及び負極を用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして非水電解液二次電池を作製した。
満充電状態の電池を2000mA(0.5C)で12Vまで充電後、さらに12Vで定電圧充電し、電池の表面温度が130℃を超えた場合には「不良」とした。供試電池のサンプル数は3とし、この中で1つでも不良の電池があれば「不合格」と判断し、全く不良の電池がなければ「合格」と判断した。
直径3mmの太さの釘を、満充電状態の電池のほぼ中央部に電池面に対して垂直方向に速度50mm/秒で貫通させ、6時間以上放置し、電池の表面温度が130℃を超えた場合には「不良」とした。供試電池のサンプル数は3とし、この中で1つでも不良の電池があれば「不合格」と判断し、全く不良の電池がなければ「合格」と判断した。
満充電状態の電池をオーブン中に置き、5℃±2℃/分の速度で150℃まで加熱し、150℃で60分間保持し、電池の封止が破れた場合には「不良」とした。供試電池のサンプル数は3とし、この中で1つでも不良の電池があれば「不合格」と判断し、全く不良の電池がなければ「合格」と判断した。
2 負極
3 セパレータ
4 多孔質層
5、6 集電体
7 電子伝導性材料
8 電極
9 リード部
10 非水電解液二次電池
11 外装体
12 正極端子
13 負極端子
Claims (10)
- 正極と、負極と、前記正極と前記負極との間に配置されたセパレータと、非水電解液とを含む非水電解液二次電池であって、
前記正極及び前記負極から選ばれる少なくとも一方の電極の前記セパレータ側の表面には、多孔質層が配置され、
前記多孔質層は、キュリー温度が40℃以上200℃以下の電子伝導性材料を含むことを特徴とする非水電解液二次電池。 - 前記電子伝導性材料は、電子伝導性を付与した無機材料、電子伝導性を付与した高分子材料、及び前記無機材料と前記高分子材料との複合材料から選ばれる少なくとも1種の材料を含む請求項1に記載の非水電解液二次電池。
- 前記無機材料は、Y2O3を添加したBaTiO3である請求項2に記載の非水電解液二次電池。
- 前記高分子材料は、導電性付与材を添加した高分子化合物である請求項2に記載の非水電解液二次電池。
- 前記電子伝導性材料は、平均粒径が20μm以下の粒子からなる請求項1又は2に記載の非水電解液二次電池。
- 前記多孔質層の多孔度は、35%以上70%以下である請求項1に記載の非水電解液二次電池。
- 前記多孔質層の厚さは、30μm以下である請求項1に記載の非水電解液二次電池。
- 前記多孔質層は、バインダーをさらに含む請求項1に記載の非水電解液二次電池。
- 前記セパレータは、ポリオレフィンからなる請求項1に記載の非水電解液二次電池。
- 前記正極及び前記負極は、リチウムを吸蔵・放出可能である請求項1に記載の非水電解液二次電池。
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