JP2006021101A - ガスの処理方法及び処理装置 - Google Patents
ガスの処理方法及び処理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- nitrogen oxides
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 195
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 98
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 13
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 238000004887 air purification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 8
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010531 catalytic reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxopalladium Chemical compound [Pd]=O HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910003445 palladium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 air purification Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002941 palladium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- LWHYKTAISUZRAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(2+);carbonate Chemical compound [Pd+2].[O-]C([O-])=O LWHYKTAISUZRAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L palladium(II) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Pd]Cl PIBWKRNGBLPSSY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000012629 purifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
【解決手段】 空気等の処理対象ガスを、水吸着剤と接触させて該ガスに含まれる水を除去した後、パラジウム触媒と接触させて該ガスに含まれる窒素酸化物を除去する。また、少なくとも、処理対象ガスの導入口、水吸着剤の充填部、パラジウム触媒の充填部、及び処理されたガスの排出口を備え、該ガスがこの順で流通するように設定されてなる処理装置とする。
【選択図】 図1
Description
また、吸着法による窒素酸化物の除去処理方法は、処理能力(吸着剤単位量当りの窒素酸化物除去量)が小さく、空気のような低濃度の窒素酸化物を除去する場合は除去率も小さいという問題点、処理条件によっては除去処理中にいったん吸着していた窒素酸化物が脱着する虞があるという問題点があった。
また、本発明は、少なくとも、水及び窒素酸化物を含むガスの導入口、水吸着剤の充填部、パラジウム触媒の充填部、及び処理されたガスの排出口を備え、該ガスがこの順で流通するように設定されてなることを特徴とするガスの処理装置である。
また、本発明においては、水及び窒素酸化物の他、水吸着剤の選択によっては二酸化炭素を除去することが可能であり、さらに、本発明の処理装置の前段に、貴金属触媒の充填部及びこれを加熱するためのヒーターを設けることにより、処理対象ガス中に含まれる水素、一酸化炭素、メタン等の可燃性ガスを水及び二酸化炭素に転換した後、これらを本発明の処理方法及び処理装置で除去することも可能である。
図1及び図2は、本発明のガスの処理装置の例を示す縦断面図であり、図3は他の処理装置と組合せて使用する例を示す構成図である。
本発明のガスの処理装置は、図1または図2に示すように、少なくとも、水及び窒素酸化物を含むガスの導入口1、前述の水吸着剤が充填される充填部2、前述のパラジウム触媒が充填される充填部3、及び処理された後のガスを排出する排出口4を備え、処理対象ガスである水及び窒素酸化物を含むガスがこの順で流通するように設定されてなる処理装置である。尚、本発明のガスの処理装置は、さらにヒーターを備えて、使用後の水吸着剤及びパラジウム触媒を再生できるようにすることが好ましい。
水及び窒素酸化物を含むガスを処理する際には、水吸着剤及びパラジウム触媒を加熱する必要はなく、通常は室温またはその近辺の温度(0〜100℃程度)で処理することが可能である。また、水吸着剤、パラジウム触媒が充填された処理筒内の圧力は、通常は常圧であるが、10KPa(絶対圧力)のような減圧あるいは1MPa(絶対圧力)のような加圧下で操作することも可能である。
市販の合成ゼオライト(細孔径5Å相当)及び市販のパラジウム触媒(アルミナにパラジウムを0.3wt%添着)を、充填長が各々400mm、150mmとなるように、内径16mm、高さ600mmの処理筒に充填して、図1(a)に示すようなステンレス製の処理装置を製作した。さらに処理筒の側面にヒーターを設けた。
処理筒内部の温度を350℃に昇温し、窒素を300ml/minの流量で3時間流通して合成ゼオライト及びパラジウム触媒の加熱処理を行ない、その後処理筒を常温に冷却した。
次に、水2000ppm、NO1ppmを含む空気を、1000ml/min(25℃)の流量で処理装置に供給するとともに、処理筒の出口ガスをサンプリングしてNOx計(検知下限:0.5ppb)によりNOが検出されるまでの時間を測定し、パラジウム触媒の窒素酸化物の処理能力(パラジウム触媒1L当りの窒素酸化物吸着量(L))を求めた。その結果を表1に示す。
前記使用後の水吸着剤及びパラジウム触媒を350℃に加熱するとともに、精製された空気を300ml/min(25℃)の流量で3時間供給し、水吸着剤から水を脱着させ、パラジウム触媒から窒素酸化物を脱着させることにより再生した。
水2000ppm、NO1ppmを含む空気を、1000ml/min(25℃)の流量で再度処理装置に供給するとともに、処理筒の出口ガスをサンプリングしてNOx計(検知下限:0.5ppb)によりNOが検出されるまでの時間を測定し、パラジウム触媒の窒素酸化物の処理能力(パラジウム触媒1L当りの窒素酸化物吸着量(L))を求めた。その結果を表1に示す。
実施例1の空気の精製試験において、NOの濃度を各々0.5ppm、5ppmに変えたほかは、実施例1と同様にして空気の精製試験を行なった。その結果を表1に示す。
実施例1の空気の精製試験において、水の濃度を各々500ppm、50ppmに変えたほかは、実施例1と同様にして空気の精製試験を行なった。その結果を表1に示す。
実施例1の空気の精製試験において、窒素酸化物をNO2に替えたほかは、実施例1と同様にして空気の精製試験を行なった。その結果を表1に示す。
実施例1の精製試験において、処理対象ガスを水2000ppm、NO1ppmを含むヘリウムに替えたほかは、実施例1と同様にして精製試験を行なった。その結果を表1に示す。
(処理装置の製作)
市販の貴金属触媒(アルミナにパラジウムを0.3wt%添着)を、充填長が50mmとなるように、ヒーターを備えた内径16mm、高さ100mmのステンレス製の処理筒に充填して、可燃性ガスを二酸化炭素及び水に転換するための処理装置を製作した。次に、この処理装置の下流側に、冷却器を介して実施例1と同様の処理装置を接続した。
各処理筒内部の温度を350℃に昇温し、窒素を300ml/minの流量で3時間流通して貴金属触媒、合成ゼオライト、及びパラジウム触媒の加熱処理を行ない、その後本発明の処理装置に係る処理筒のみを常温に冷却した。
次に、水素1ppm、一酸化炭素1ppm、メタン1ppm、水2000ppm、NO1ppmを含む空気を、1000ml/min(25℃)の流量で処理装置に供給するとともに、処理筒の出口ガスをサンプリングして、これらの不純物ガスの有無を測定した。その結果、これらの不純物ガスのうち、NOが最初に検出され、検出されるまでの時間から、パラジウム触媒の窒素酸化物の処理能力(パラジウム触媒1L当りの窒素酸化物吸着量(L))を求めた。その結果を表1に示す。
実施例1の処理装置の製作において、合成ゼオライトを充填しなかったほかは、実施例1と同様にして処理装置を製作した。
次に、この処理装置を用いたほかは、実施例1と同様にして空気の精製試験を行なった。その結果を表1に示す。
比較例1の空気の精製試験において、水の濃度を各々500ppm、50ppmに変えたほかは、比較例1と同様にして空気の精製試験を行なった。その結果を表1に示す。
2 水吸着剤の充填部
3 パラジウム触媒の充填部
4 処理されたガスの排出口
5 水及び窒素酸化物を含むガスの導入管
6 貴金属触媒の充填筒
7 冷却器
8 水吸着剤の充填筒
8’水吸着剤の充填筒
9 パラジウム触媒の充填筒
9’パラジウム触媒の充填筒
10 処理されたガスの取出し管
11 再生ガスの導入管
12 再生ガスの排出管
Claims (6)
- 水及び窒素酸化物を含むガスを、水吸着剤と接触させて該ガスに含まれる水を除去した後、パラジウム触媒と接触させて該ガスに含まれる窒素酸化物を除去することを特徴とするガスの処理方法。
- ガスが空気である請求項1に記載のガスの処理方法。
- ガスに含まれる水の含有率が100ppm以上である請求項1に記載のガスの処理方法。
- 水吸着剤が合成ゼオライトである請求項1に記載のガスの処理方法。
- 使用後の水吸着剤及びパラジウム触媒を加熱するとともに、処理されたガスの一部を該吸着剤及び該触媒に流通して、該吸着剤及び該触媒を再生する請求項1に記載のガスの処理方法。
- 少なくとも、水及び窒素酸化物を含むガスの導入口、水吸着剤の充填部、パラジウム触媒の充填部、及び処理されたガスの排出口を備え、該ガスがこの順で流通するように設定されてなることを特徴とするガスの処理装置。
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JP2004200362A JP4722420B2 (ja) | 2004-07-07 | 2004-07-07 | ガスの処理方法 |
CNA2005100805887A CN1733356A (zh) | 2004-07-07 | 2005-06-30 | 气体的处理方法和处理装置 |
TW094122825A TWI264322B (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2005-07-06 | Processing method of gas and processing apparatus of gas |
US11/174,519 US20060018814A1 (en) | 2004-07-07 | 2005-07-06 | Processing method of gas and processing apparatus of gas |
KR1020050061041A KR20060049914A (ko) | 2004-07-07 | 2005-07-07 | 가스의 처리 방법 및 처리 장치 |
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JP (1) | JP4722420B2 (ja) |
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JP2014089216A (ja) * | 2014-02-17 | 2014-05-15 | Sumitomo Metal Mining Engineering Co Ltd | 希釈用空気精製方法、希釈用空気精製装置、定容量サンプリング装置及び排ガスサンプリング分析システム |
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ES2551865T3 (es) | 2011-02-01 | 2015-11-24 | Alstom Technology Ltd | Aparato y sistema para reducción de NOx en gas de combustión húmedo |
GB201322842D0 (en) * | 2013-12-23 | 2014-02-12 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Exhaust system for a compression ingition engine comprising a water absorbent material |
CN104399369B (zh) * | 2014-12-17 | 2016-03-23 | 山东应天节能环保科技有限公司 | 一种气相联合脱硫脱硝方法 |
EP3257026B1 (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2020-11-18 | Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. | Generating three dimensional models |
EP3381538A1 (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-03 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Dip-conduit purification apparatus and method of purifying a gas |
DE102018211819A1 (de) | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-23 | Audi Ag | Verwertung von Stickoxiden aus der Umgebungsluft |
CN112595564A (zh) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-02 | 西南化工研究设计院有限公司 | 一种脱除含NOx气体中水分的方法 |
GB2610221B8 (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2024-02-21 | Finden Ltd | Apparatus for reducing NOx |
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US6042797A (en) * | 1997-07-02 | 2000-03-28 | Tosoh Corporation | Adsorbent for ethylene, method for adsorbing and removing ethylene and method for purifying an exhaust gas |
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JPH0226616A (ja) * | 1988-07-14 | 1990-01-29 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | 道路トンネル換気ガスの浄化装置 |
JPH04250822A (ja) * | 1990-12-21 | 1992-09-07 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 窒素酸化物の除去方法 |
JPH0788363A (ja) * | 1993-02-04 | 1995-04-04 | Nippon Shokubai Co Ltd | 窒素酸化物の吸着剤およびこの吸着剤を用いた窒素酸化物の除去方法 |
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KR20060049914A (ko) | 2006-05-19 |
CN1733356A (zh) | 2006-02-15 |
US20060018814A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
JP4722420B2 (ja) | 2011-07-13 |
TWI264322B (en) | 2006-10-21 |
TW200605945A (en) | 2006-02-16 |
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