CN1733356A - 气体的处理方法和处理装置 - Google Patents
气体的处理方法和处理装置 Download PDFInfo
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- CN1733356A CN1733356A CNA2005100805887A CN200510080588A CN1733356A CN 1733356 A CN1733356 A CN 1733356A CN A2005100805887 A CNA2005100805887 A CN A2005100805887A CN 200510080588 A CN200510080588 A CN 200510080588A CN 1733356 A CN1733356 A CN 1733356A
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- nitrogen oxide
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- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 137
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 127
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 103
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrous Oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]#N GQPLMRYTRLFLPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 31
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 7
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910003445 palladium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxopalladium Chemical compound [Pd]=O HBEQXAKJSGXAIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N lanthanum oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[La+3].[La+3] MRELNEQAGSRDBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane;hydrate Chemical compound C.O VUZPPFZMUPKLLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002941 palladium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052703 rhodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010948 rhodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N rhodium atom Chemical compound [Rh] MHOVAHRLVXNVSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000287 alkaline earth metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000420 cerium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008236 heating water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoceriooxy)cerium Chemical compound [Ce]=O.O=[Ce]=O BMMGVYCKOGBVEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJLOMQIUPFZJAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxorhodium Chemical compound [Rh]=O SJLOMQIUPFZJAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 palladium oxide palladium compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000505 pernicious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910003450 rhodium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
提供一种气体处理方法和处理装置,该处理方法不使用大型的处理装置或具有复杂结构的处理装置,能容易地以优良的处理能力和除去率除去空气等气体中含有的氮氧化物,一旦吸附的氮氧化物也不会非人工地脱附。对于空气等处理对象气体,通过与水吸附剂接触除去该气体中含有的水份之后,再与钯催化剂接触除去该气体中含有的氮氧化物。而且,该处理装置至少包括处理对象气体的导入口、水吸附剂的填充部位、钯催化剂的填充部位和被处理的气体的排出口,并设定为该气体以此顺序流通。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种气体的处理方法和处理装置。更详细的是涉及一种为了更有效率地除去空气等气体中的水份和同时含有的氮氧化物的处理方法和处理装置。
背景技术
迄今为止,使用底盘功率计,将以各种行进方式运转汽车时排出的尾气提供到气体测定装置,用以分析尾气中含有的氮氧化物等有害成分。在测定氮氧化物浓度时,必须是完全不含氮氧化物的调零气体,作为提供这样的调零气体的机构,能使用高压气缸,使用使用量多的高价气缸是不经济的。为此,要开发一种以空气为原料,利用吸附剂、催化剂或净化剂,除去空气中氮氧化物的处理方法。
迄今为止,作为从含有氮氧化物的气体中除去这些的处理方法有湿法、无催化剂还原法、接触还原法、吸附法等,但是要符合上述的使用目的的话,大多进行利用接触还原法或吸附法的方法。接触还原法一般为在含氮氧化物的气体中添加氨气等还原性气体,在加热下与金属或金属化合物构成的催化剂接触,通过在氮气和水中还原分解来除去氮氧化物的方法。而且,吸附法为用活性炭、沸石等吸附剂或氧化钯等贵金属氧化物催化剂物理或化学吸附来除去气体中的氮氧化物的方法。
例如在特开平5-168927中公开了在整体料结构的载体上负载钯、碱土金属氧化物、镧氧化物、铈氧化物和锆氧化物制得的催化剂活性成分和活性氧化铝制得的混合物获得的催化剂,特开平8-168648中公开了在无机多孔载体上负载的氧化钯、氧化银等贵金属氧化物催化剂,在特开平11-76819中公开了含有铑和钯的催化剂,特开2001-149758中公开了在沸石上负载选自铑、钯、铑氧化物、钯氧化物及其混合物的金属和/或其化合物制得的催化剂。
[专利文献1]特开平5-168927号公报
[专利文献2]特开平8-168648号公报
[专利文献3]特开平9-66220号公报
[专利文献4]特开平11-76819号公报
[专利文献5]特开2001-149758号公报
发明内容
但是,由接触还原法除去氮氧化物的处理方法在氨气等还原性气体的添加量少的情况下,氮氧化物的分解变得不充分,不能完全除去氮氧化物,还原性气体量多的情况下,因为要排出氨气等有害气体,必须要有控制还原性气体流量的系统,除了处理装置的构造变得大型复杂之外,还有所谓的处理方面的问题带来的不适合。
而且,由吸附法除去氮氧化物的处理方法会有所谓的处理能力(每单位量吸附剂的氮氧化物除去量)小,在除去空气中这样的低浓度氮氧化物的情况下,除去率也小的问题、以及根据处理条件在去除处理中有暂且吸附的氮氧化物脱附的担心这样的问题。
因而,本发明要解决的问题是提供一种气体处理方法和处理装置,该处理方法不使用大型的处理装置或具有复杂结构的处理装置,能容易地以优良的处理能力和除去率除去空气等气体中含有的氮氧化物,一旦吸附的氮氧化物也不会非人工地脱附。
本发明人为了要解决该问题潜心研究,结果发现根据使用钯催化剂的吸附法除去氮氧化物的处理中,通过除去预处理对象气体中含有的水,可以显著提高钯催化剂的氮氧化物处理能力(每单位量钯催化剂的氮氧化物除去量),同时能容易地以除去1ppb以下的优良的除去率除去氮氧化物,也不会发生非人工的氮氧化物的脱附等,从而完成本发明的气体处理方法和处理装置。
即,本发明为具有下列特征的气体处理方法,在与水吸附剂接触以除去含有水和氮氧化物的气体中含有的水份之后,再与钯催化剂接触,除去该气体中含有的氮氧化物。
而且,本发明为具有下列特征的气体处理装置,该处理装置至少包括含水和氮氧化物的气体的导入口、水吸附剂的填充部位、钯催化剂的填充部位和处理的气体的排出口,并设定为该气体以此顺序流通。
本发明的气体处理方法和处理装置可以适用于空气提纯、惰性气体提纯、从半导体制造装置排出的废气的净化等、以及从含水和氮氧化物的气体中除去这些的处理方法和处理装置。
而且,对于本发明,除了水和氮氧化物,可以通过选择水吸附剂来除去二氧化碳,进而通过在本发明的处理装置前段安装贵金属催化剂的填充部位和将其加热的加热器,将处理对象气体中含有的氢、一氧化碳、甲烷等可燃性气体转化成水和二氧化碳之后,也可以用本发明的处理方法和处理装置来将其除去。
作为在本发明中使用的水吸附剂能列举有合成沸石、天然沸石、氧化铝、硅铝等。它们中优选使用水吸附能力优良的合成沸石。使用合成沸石的情况下,其种类没有特别限制,例如可以使用商购的细孔径为3~15的任何一种合成沸石。
而且,作为在本发明中使用的钯催化剂除了氧化钯以外,能列举有钯金属、氯化钯、碳酸钯等钯化合物。但是,使用钯金属和氧化钯以外的钯化合物的情况下,必须进行预加热处理。这些钯化合物通常是以在氧化铝、二氧化硅、氧化锆、二氧化钛、硅铝、活性炭、硅藻土等无机载体上负载的形态来使用。商购的钯催化剂除了钯以外,还有含铬、钛等金属或金属化合物的催化剂,在本发明中也可以使用。
以下,基于图1~图3详细说明本发明的气体处理方法和处理装置,但是本发明并不由此而有所限制。
图1和图2为本发明气体处理装置示例的纵向剖视图,图3是和其他处理装置结合使用的示例的结构图。
本发明的气体处理装置如图1或图2所示,是至少包括含水和氮氧化物的气体的导入口1、上述填充水吸附剂的填充部位2、填充上述钯催化剂的填充部位3以及排出处理后的气体的排出口4,并使处理气体即含水和氮氧化物的气体按此顺序流通的处理装置。而且,本发明的气体处理装置进一步还包括加热器,优选使用后的水吸附剂和钯催化剂能回收。
本发明的气体处理装置即使可以将水吸附剂和钯催化剂填充到图1所示的1个处理筒中,也可以将其填充到图2所示的各个处理筒中。水吸附剂和钯催化剂的填充量和填充长度根据处理气体中含有的水、氮氧化物的浓度、流量等的不同不能一概限定,填充长度实际使用时通常为5~150cm。填充长度比5cm短的话,会产生水、氮氧化物的除去率低的担心,而且,比150cm长的话,会产生压力损失变得太大的担心。
本发明中的处理气体通常为N2O、NO、N2O3、NO2、N2O5等氮氧化物和含水100ppm以上的气体,但是不含水的情况也可以适用。
处理含水和氮氧化物的气体时,不必加热水吸附剂和钯催化剂,通常可以在室温或其附近温度(0~100℃左右)下处理。而且,填充水吸附剂、钯催化剂的处理筒内的压力通常为常压,但是也可以在10KPa(绝对压力)的减压或1MPa(绝对压力)的加压下进行操作。
对于本发明的气体处理方法是由水吸附剂将处理对象气体中含有的水份处理到100ppm以下,优选10ppm以下之后,由钯催化剂除去处理对象气体中含有的氮氧化物。没有将水除去到100ppm浓度以下的情况下,会有钯催化剂对氮氧化物的处理能力降低的担心。使用合成沸石作为水吸附剂的情况下,合成沸石的水吸附能力(每单位量合成沸石的水吸附量)通常为约100L/L剂左右,在水存在下的钯催化剂对氮氧化物的吸附能力(每单位量钯催化剂的氮氧化物吸附量)通常为约0.001L/L剂左右。但是,根据本发明所述的预先除水,可以使钯催化剂对氮氧化物的吸附能力(处理能力)提高100倍以上,能显著延长钯催化剂的寿命。
本发明中水吸附剂和钯催化剂能容易地回收。回收是通过加热水吸附剂和钯催化剂,同时提供惰性气体等、优选部分处理后的气体,从水吸附剂脱附水,从钯催化剂脱附氮氧化物来进行的。回收时水吸附剂及钯催化剂的温度通常为150~500℃,优选为200~400℃。接触温度比150℃低时,会产生回收不充分的担心,接触温度比500℃高时,会产生处理筒的负荷变大的担心。回收时的压力通常为常压,但是也可以在10KPa(绝对压力)的减压或1MPa(绝对压力)的加压下进行操作。
本发明中,为了连续处理含水和氮氧化物的气体,本发明的气体处理装置(水吸附剂和钯催化剂的填充筒、水吸附剂的填充筒和钯催化剂的填充筒)所含的管线优选至少安装2条管线来进行处理。通过这样的处理装置的安装,可以一边依次转换管线,一边从处理气体中除去水和氮氧化物,同时回收使用后的水吸附剂和钯催化剂,从而能容易地从含水和氮氧化物的气体中连续地除去水和氮氧化物。
而且,本发明中,如图3所示,除了本发明的气体处理装置(水吸附剂的填充筒8、8’和钯催化剂的填充筒9、9’),能使用例如连接了装有加热器的贵金属催化剂的填充筒6。通过使用这样的装置,可以从含有氢、一氧化碳、甲烷等可燃性气体、二氧化碳、水和氮氧化物的气体中除去这些气体。即,加热的贵金属催化剂填充筒部位将氢转化为水、将一氧化碳转化为二氧化碳、将甲烷转化为水和二氧化碳,水吸附剂(合成沸石)的填充部位吸附除去水和二氧化碳,钯催化剂的填充部位吸附除去氮氧化物。
还有,图3中5表示含水和氮氧化物的气体的导入管,6表示贵金属催化剂的填充筒,7表示冷却器,10表示处理后气体的取样管,11表示回收气体的导入管,12表示回收气体的排出管。
根据本发明的气体处理方法和处理装置,可以不使用大型的处理装置或具有复杂结构的处理装置,能容易地以优良的处理能力和除去率从处理气体中除去氮氧化物。而且,通过显著提高迄今为止极小的氮氧化物的处理能力,回收使用后的钯催化剂,钯催化剂变得可以重复使用,氮氧化物的去除处理能变得更有效率。
附图说明
图1(A),图1(B)为本发明气体处理装置示例的纵向剖视图。
图2为本发明的图1以外的气体处理装置示例的纵向剖视图。
图3为本发明的气体处理装置和其他处理装置结合使用的示例的结构图。
具体实施方式
接着,通过实施例更具体地来说明本发明,但是本发明并不由此而受限制。
实施例1
(处理装置的制作)
在内径为16mm、高为600mm的处理筒中以填充长度400mm、150mm分别填充商购的合成沸石(细孔径等于5)和商购的钯催化剂(在氧化铝中添加0.3wt%的钯),制作如图1(A)所示的不锈钢制的处理装置。进一步在处理筒的侧面安装加热器。
(空气的提纯实验)
将处理筒内部的温度升温到350℃,以300ml/分钟的流量流通氮气3小时,进行合成沸石和钯催化剂的加热处理,然后将处理筒冷却到常温。
接着以1000ml/分钟(25℃)的流量向处理装置提供含水2000ppm、NO气体1ppm的空气,同时对处理筒的出口气体进行取样,测定直到用NOx计(检测下限:0.5ppb)检出NO的时间,求出钯催化剂对氮氧化物的处理能力(每1L钯催化剂的氮氧化物吸附量(L))。结果示于表1中。
(水吸附剂和钯催化剂的回收)
将上述使用后的水吸附剂和钯催化剂加热到350℃,同时以300ml/分钟(25℃)的流量提供提纯后的空气3小时,通过从水吸附剂脱附水,从钯催化剂脱附氮氧化物来回收。
(空气的再提纯实验)
以1000ml/分钟(25℃)的流量再次向处理装置提供含有水2000ppm、NO气体1ppm的空气,同时对处理筒的出口气体进行取样,测定直到用NOx计(检测下限:0.5ppb)检出NO的时间,求出钯催化剂对氮氧化物的处理能力(每1L钯催化剂的氮氧化物吸附量(L))。结果示于表1中。
实施例2、3
在实施例1中的空气提纯实验中,除了将NO的浓度分别改变为0.5ppm、5ppm以外,进行和实施例1相同的空气提纯实验。结果示于表1中。
实施例4、5
在实施例1中的空气提纯实验中,除了将水的浓度分别改变为500ppm、50ppm以外,进行和实施例1相同的空气提纯实验。结果示于表1中。
实施例6
在实施例1的空气提纯实验中,除了将氮氧化物替换为NO2以外,进行和实施例1相同的空气提纯实验。结果示于表1中。
实施例7
在实施例1的空气提纯实验中,除了将处理对象气体替换为含有水2000ppm、NO气体1ppm的氦气以外,进行和实施例1相同的空气提纯实验。结果示于表1中。
实施例8
(处理装置的制作)
在带有加热器的、内径为16mm、高为100mm的不锈钢制处理筒中以填充长度50mm填充商购的贵金属催化剂(在氧化铝中添加0.3wt%的钯),制作为了将可燃性气体转化为二氧化碳和水的处理装置。接着,在该处理装置的下游侧通过冷却器接合上和实施例1相同的处理装置。
(空气的提纯实验)
将处理筒内部的温度升温到350℃,以300ml/分钟的流量流通氮气3小时,进行贵金属催化剂、合成沸石和钯催化剂的加热处理,然后只将本发明处理装置的处理筒冷却到常温。
接着以1000ml/分钟(25℃)的流量向处理装置提供含氢1ppm、一氧化碳1ppm、甲烷1ppm、水2000ppm、NO气体1ppm的空气,同时对处理筒的出口气体进行取样,测定有无这些杂质气体。作为结果,在这些杂质气体中,从最初检出NO至检出的时间来求出钯催化剂对氮氧化物的处理能力(每1L钯催化剂的氮氧化物吸附量(L))。结果示于表1中。
比较例1
在实施例1的处理装置的制作中,除了不填充合成沸石以外,以和实施例1相同的方式制作处理装置。
接着,除了使用该装置以外,进行和实施例1相同的空气提纯实验。结果示于表1中。
比较例2、3
在比较例1中的空气提纯实验中,除了将水的浓度分别改变为500ppm、50ppm以外,进行和比较例1相同的空气提纯实验。结果示于表1中。
表1
处理筒填充物 | 处理对象气体 | 杂质 | NOx的处理能力L(NOx)/L(Pd) | ||||
水(ppm) | NOx | (ppm) | 其他 | ||||
实施例1 | 沸石+Pd催化剂 | 空气 | 2000 | NO | 1 | 0.23 | |
(回收后) | 沸石+Pd催化剂 | 空气 | 2000 | NO | 1 | 0.22 | |
实施例2 | 沸石+Pd催化剂 | 空气 | 2000 | NO | 0.5 | 0.19 | |
实施例3 | 沸石+Pd催化剂 | 空气 | 2000 | NO | 5 | 0.24 | |
实施例4 | 沸石+Pd催化剂 | 空气 | 500 | NO | 1 | 0.22 | |
实施例5 | 沸石+Pd催化剂 | 空气 | 50 | NO | 1 | 0.22 | |
实施例6 | 沸石+Pd催化剂 | 空气 | 2000 | NO2 | 1 | 0.38 | |
实施例7 | 沸石+Pd催化剂 | 氦气 | 2000 | NO | 1 | 0.23 | |
实施例8 | 沸石+Pd催化剂 | 空气 | 2000 | NO | 1 | H2、CO、CH4 | 0.35 |
比较例1 | Pd催化剂 | 空气 | 2000 | NO | 1 | 0.001 | |
比较例2 | Pd催化剂 | 空气 | 500 | NO | 1 | 0.006 | |
比较例3 | Pd催化剂 | 空气 | 50 | NO | 1 | 0.18 |
如上所示,本发明的气体处理方法和处理装置发挥了从含较多水的空气中除去氮氧化物(空气的提纯)的特别效果。而且,并不限于空气,如果处理气体为含水气体(100ppm或以上)、从氦气等惰性气体中除去氮氧化物(惰性气体的提纯)、从半导体制造工艺等的废气中除去氮氧化物方面,也能发挥很大的效果。
Claims (6)
1.一种气体处理方法,其特征在于对含有水和氮氧化物的气体,将其与水吸附剂接触以除去该气体中含有的水之后,再将其与钯催化剂接触以除去该气体中含有的氮氧化物。
2.根据权利要求1记载的气体的处理方法,其中气体为空气。
3.根据权利要求1记载的气体处理方法,其中气体中水的含量在100ppm或以上。
4.根据权利要求1记载的气体处理方法,其中水吸附剂为合成沸石。
5.根据权利要求1记载的气体处理方法,其中加热使用后的水吸附剂和钯催化剂,同时在该吸附剂和该催化剂中流通已被处理的部分气体,重复利用该吸附剂和该催化剂。
6.一种气体处理装置,其特征在于该处理装置至少包括含水和氮氧化物的气体导入口、水吸附剂的填充部位、钯催化剂的填充部位和处理后气体的排出口,并设定成该气体以此顺序流通。
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CN107690303B (zh) * | 2015-06-04 | 2021-11-05 | 惠普发展公司,有限责任合伙企业 | 用于生成三维模型的计算设备和方法 |
EP3381538A1 (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-03 | Linde Aktiengesellschaft | Dip-conduit purification apparatus and method of purifying a gas |
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US6042797A (en) * | 1997-07-02 | 2000-03-28 | Tosoh Corporation | Adsorbent for ethylene, method for adsorbing and removing ethylene and method for purifying an exhaust gas |
JPH0226616A (ja) * | 1988-07-14 | 1990-01-29 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | 道路トンネル換気ガスの浄化装置 |
US5051244A (en) * | 1990-07-20 | 1991-09-24 | Uop | Use of a molecular sieve bed to minimize emissions during cold start of internal combustion engines |
JPH04250822A (ja) * | 1990-12-21 | 1992-09-07 | Kobe Steel Ltd | 窒素酸化物の除去方法 |
JP3095604B2 (ja) * | 1993-02-04 | 2000-10-10 | 株式会社日本触媒 | 窒素酸化物の吸着剤およびこの吸着剤を用いた窒素酸化物の除去方法 |
US5743929A (en) * | 1995-08-23 | 1998-04-28 | The Boc Group, Inc. | Process for the production of high purity carbon dioxide |
JP3551364B2 (ja) * | 2000-04-26 | 2004-08-04 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 窒素酸化物吸着材 |
JP2004019439A (ja) * | 2002-06-12 | 2004-01-22 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 排気浄化装置 |
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2004
- 2004-07-07 JP JP2004200362A patent/JP4722420B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
2005
- 2005-06-30 CN CNA2005100805887A patent/CN1733356A/zh active Pending
- 2005-07-06 US US11/174,519 patent/US20060018814A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-07-06 TW TW094122825A patent/TWI264322B/zh not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2005-07-07 KR KR1020050061041A patent/KR20060049914A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
Cited By (4)
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CN104399369A (zh) * | 2014-12-17 | 2015-03-11 | 山东应天节能环保科技有限公司 | 一种气相联合脱硫脱硝方法 |
CN112423861A (zh) * | 2018-07-17 | 2021-02-26 | 奥迪股份公司 | 环境空气的氮氧化物的利用 |
US11826693B2 (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2023-11-28 | Audi Ag | Utilization of nitrogen oxides from ambient air |
CN112595564A (zh) * | 2020-11-25 | 2021-04-02 | 西南化工研究设计院有限公司 | 一种脱除含NOx气体中水分的方法 |
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TW200605945A (en) | 2006-02-16 |
TWI264322B (en) | 2006-10-21 |
US20060018814A1 (en) | 2006-01-26 |
JP4722420B2 (ja) | 2011-07-13 |
KR20060049914A (ko) | 2006-05-19 |
JP2006021101A (ja) | 2006-01-26 |
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