EP3386659A1 - Injektionsspitze für eine giessmaschine, giessmaschine und verfahren mit dieser spitze - Google Patents

Injektionsspitze für eine giessmaschine, giessmaschine und verfahren mit dieser spitze

Info

Publication number
EP3386659A1
EP3386659A1 EP16808684.1A EP16808684A EP3386659A1 EP 3386659 A1 EP3386659 A1 EP 3386659A1 EP 16808684 A EP16808684 A EP 16808684A EP 3386659 A1 EP3386659 A1 EP 3386659A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
liquid metal
injection
mold
electromagnetic
pipe
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP16808684.1A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3386659B1 (de
Inventor
Victor Shribman
Ori Ben David
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
ADM28 SARL
Original Assignee
ADM28 SARL
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ADM28 SARL filed Critical ADM28 SARL
Publication of EP3386659A1 publication Critical patent/EP3386659A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3386659B1 publication Critical patent/EP3386659B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
    • B22D17/2023—Nozzles or shot sleeves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/02—Hot chamber machines, i.e. with heated press chamber in which metal is melted
    • B22D17/04—Plunger machines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/2015—Means for forcing the molten metal into the die
    • B22D17/2038—Heating, cooling or lubricating the injection unit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/20—Accessories: Details
    • B22D17/30—Accessories for supplying molten metal, e.g. in rations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
    • B22D17/00—Pressure die casting or injection die casting, i.e. casting in which the metal is forced into a mould under high pressure
    • B22D17/02—Hot chamber machines, i.e. with heated press chamber in which metal is melted

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a magnetic necking injection nozzle for a machine for casting under pressure of metal, and more particularly to such a nozzle that can be used for the metal die casting of metal parts.
  • the invention also extends to a machine and a casting process using this tip.
  • Metal die-casting machines are generally used for the die-casting of metal parts, aluminum, zinc, magnesium, etc. and their alloys. This molding process allows high production rates and high accuracy of the parts obtained.
  • One of the most important parameters of the process is the pressure at which the molten metal in the liquid state is injected into the mold, particularly at the end of the injection. This pressure ranges from 5 to 30 MPa for machines called hot chamber and from 25 to 200 MPa, or even 350 MPa for machines called cold room.
  • liquid metal will be used to designate a molten metal in the liquid state, without prejudging the nature and / or the melting temperature of said metal.
  • WO02 / 30596 discloses a pressurized injection machine comprising a tubular injection nozzle comprising a resistor wound on the major part of this nozzle in order to maintain the temperature of the molten metal.
  • JP2005-28429 also discloses an analogous injection machine having a heating sleeve in which metal bars are inserted and fused by a resistive coil surrounding the sleeve.
  • a shutter secured to the mold can be actuated to close the supply channel.
  • the injection pressure depends on the general supply pressure of the machine.
  • the invention therefore aims to provide an injection nozzle adapted to be associated with a casting machine, which allows a simple adjustment of the amount of injected metal and a high pressure at the end of injection.
  • the invention also relates to a casting machine comprising such a nozzle, particularly adapted to allow to obtain high performance.
  • the invention also relates to a metal casting process, implemented by a casting machine equipped with an injection nozzle according to the invention, a method particularly suitable for die-casting.
  • the invention relates to a tube-shaped pressurized metal injection nozzle made of electrically insulating refractory material adapted to be inserted between a liquid metal feed pipe and an injection port of a mold, comprising an injection channel adapted for the circulation of liquid metal between a first end, said upstream end, adapted to be connected to said pipe and a second end, said downstream end adapted to be connected to the mold, characterized in that said tip comprises an electromagnetic coil, placed between said ends, of coinciding axis with at least one channel portion of the channel, adapted to be powered by a current pulse from a high-voltage generator and generate an electromagnetic necking in the injection channel.
  • this tip and particularly to the channel within which the liquid metal circulates, it is possible to fill the mold placed at the downstream end of the tip.
  • the material of the tip being refractory, for example ceramic, it is little degraded by the heat of the metal flowing in the channel.
  • the electromagnetic coil which surrounds this duct when it is traversed by a pulse of electric current of high amperage, the liquid metal flowing in the channel is subjected on the one hand to a magnetic field oriented axially relative to the coil and the channel and secondly to an induced current opposite to the direction of the current in the coil.
  • the combination of these two phenomena generates Lorentz forces, oriented radially to the duct, in the direction of its axis.
  • the coil is adapted to be connected to the terminals of a current pulse generator.
  • a generator for example a Marx generator, is capable, by means of one or more spark gaps discharging a capacitor bank, of developing an electrical current of the order of several tens of thousands of amperes at a voltage of several thousands of volts in a very short time, of the order of a few milliseconds.
  • the channel has a diameter comprising a narrowing between the upstream end and the coil. Due to this narrowing which forms a convergent nozzle, the velocity of the liquid metal at the outlet of the metal supply line is increased to the right of the electromagnetic coil due to the narrowing of the cross section of the channel.
  • the necking made in the channel, in line with the coil, in the narrowed portion of the channel projects the liquid metal with a speed which is added to the initial speed of circulation of the metal towards the injection orifice of the mold whereas, in the opposite direction, this speed is reduced by the effect of the narrowing which behaves in this direction as a divergent nozzle and subtracts from the initial velocity of circulation of the liquid metal.
  • the necking reaction in the direction of the supply line of the liquid metal is greatly attenuated.
  • the coil is embedded in the material of the tip.
  • the electromagnetic coil is placed as close as possible to the circulation channel of the liquid metal by embedding it in the refractory material forming the tip. Moreover, being thus maintained on all sides, the electromagnetic coil is less subject to reaction forces acting on its or its turns during necking. It remains possible, however, especially when the metal injection conditions (temperature, pressure, etc.) allow it, to use a tip having a thinner wall and thus to place the electromagnetic coil around and outside the tip nozzle. In this variant, the maintenance of the coil is facilitated.
  • the coil is multi-turns.
  • the coil is single turn.
  • the electromagnetic coil is made to have a plurality of turns extending from the narrow end of the narrowing of the channel towards its downstream end connected to the injection orifice of the mold in order to increase the width of the the zone of necking of the liquid metal in the tip and therefore the volume of metal propelled towards the mold.
  • the coil may be a single coil coil, which achieves, for the same output stage of the current pulse generator, higher frequencies (respectively shorter pulses) thus increasing the instantaneous power of the impulse, better energy transfer and improved life.
  • the invention also extends to a casting machine comprising a liquid metal reservoir, a liquid metal feed pipe connected to said reservoir and provided with an electromagnetic pump adapted to circulate the liquid metal in the pipe towards the a mold, characterized in that that the machine comprises a tip having at least one of the above characteristics between said pipe and an injection port of said mold.
  • the electromagnetic pump comprises a plurality of coaxial induction coils to the pipe, adapted to inductively heat the metal flowing in the pipe.
  • the induction coils are fed with polyphase current so as to generate a movable magnetic field and drive the liquid metal towards the endpiece.
  • Induction coils fed by alternating currents for induction heating may form a magnetohydrodynamic induction accelerator when energized by currents having a phase shift from one coil to the other. Therefore, in addition to heating the liquid metal in the supply line, the coils can generate an axial magnetic field in the pipe and communicate a movement to the liquid metal in the direction of the tip.
  • the machine comprises a cooling device of the induction coils interposed between said coils and the pipe.
  • a cooling device of the induction coils interposed between said coils and the pipe.
  • they are isolated from the pipe by an air or water cooling device, for example, for water cooling, by circulation of cooling liquid inside the coil.
  • a copper tube serving as winding ..
  • the invention further extends to a method of casting liquid metal under pressure in a metal mold, wherein: a casting machine comprising a liquid metal reservoir is used, a pipe connected to said reservoir provided with an electromagnetic pump adapted to circulate the liquid metal in the pipe towards a mold,
  • the electromagnetic pump is fed with a polyphase current so as to move the liquid metal from the reservoir to the injection orifice of the mold,
  • the casting machine comprises a nozzle comprising an electromagnetic coil surrounding an injection channel between said pipe and an injection port of said mold and that at the end of the injection, the electromagnetic coil of the nozzle with an electric current pulse from a high voltage generator to generate an electromagnetic necking in the injection channel and propel the liquid metal under pressure to the injection port of the mold.
  • the resulting flow velocity, in the direction of the pipe, is further reduced by the presence of the divergent formed by the narrowing of the section of the channel traveled in the opposite direction. It is thus possible to obtain at least a temporary stop of the circulation of the liquid metal in the supply line.
  • the invention also relates to a nozzle, a casting machine and a casting process characterized in combination by all or some of the characteristics mentioned above or below.
  • FIG. 1 represents a schematic sectional view of a casting machine according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 is a diagrammatic sectional view of a mouthpiece according to the invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a mouthpiece according to the invention during a necking of the flow of the metal
  • FIG. 1 represents a longitudinal section of a casting machine 10 comprising a reservoir 11, adapted to contain liquid metal to be injected into a mold 30.
  • the reservoir 11 may comprise heating means (not shown) for holding the metal at its melting temperature, or be shaped hopper in which the liquid metal is poured from a crucible.
  • the liquid metal is then conveyed into a pipe 12 for feeding the metal towards a tip 20 fixed between the pipe 12 and the mold 30.
  • the pipe 12 is equipped with an electromagnetic pump 50 comprising a plurality of induction coils 51 regularly spaced along the pipe 12.
  • Each of the induction coils 51 is connected to an inverter 53 adapted to feed the coils 51 with a alternating current.
  • the induction coils 51 fulfill a double role: on the one hand, they function in induction heating coils making it possible to keep the liquid metal vein flowing in the pipe 12 in the liquid state, and on the other hand, fed polyphase alternating current adapted to the number and order of the coils 51, they generate a moving magnetic field flowing from the tank 11 towards the tip 20, this magnetic field for circulating the liquid metal in the pipe towards the mold 30 with a speed V0.
  • the induction coils are supplied with three-phase current at a voltage of 400V at a voltage of frequency of the order of 50 Hz to 10 kHz with a current that can vary between 50 A and 10 000 A.
  • the coils 51 also comprise a cooling circuit 52 for example using a cooling liquid flowing in copper tubes forming the coils 51, to limit their heating.
  • a cooling circuit 52 for example using a cooling liquid flowing in copper tubes forming the coils 51, to limit their heating.
  • a forced convection air cooling system implementing one or more fans and cooling fins integral windings.
  • the tip 20 is attached to the end of the pipe 12 by its upstream end 23 (thus marked with respect to the direction of flow of the liquid metal in the pipe and in the tip) by means of flanges 25.
  • the tip 20 is also fixed at its opposite end, said downstream end 24, to the mold 30 by flanges 25.
  • the tip 20 comprises a body 21 of refractory material and electrically insulating, preferably ceramic, and more particularly alumina / zirconium nitride.
  • Other refractory materials may also be used, for example ceramics based on alumina, zirconium, yttrium, titanium or nickel oxide, or a mixture of these constituents in various proportions.
  • the body 21 of the nozzle is traversed by a channel 22 from the upstream end 23 to the downstream end 24 at which the channel 22 opens into the injection port 33 of the mold 30.
  • the channel 22 is preferably of cylindrical shape of revolution and comprises at the upstream end 23 a conical portion forming a narrowing 27 between a large section of a diameter corresponding to the end of the pipe 12 and a smaller section of the channel 22 corresponding to the section of the injection orifice 33 of the mold 30.
  • the body 21 also comprises, downstream of the narrowing 27, an electromagnetic coil 26, surrounding the channel 22 and overmolded in the body 21.
  • the coil 26 is preferably a multi-turn coil made of copper or other highly conductive material, for example aluminum, cupro -berylium alloy copper-chromium-zirconium, tungsten or tungsten-copper alloy ...
  • the coil 26 is adapted to be connected to a generator 40 of current pulses generally comprising a battery 41 of capacitors charged by an external DC power source (no shown) and discharged into the electromagnetic coil 26 via a spark gap 42.
  • the coil 26 may also be formed of a single coil.
  • the coil 26 has an axis of revolution substantially coincident with at least a portion of the axis of the channel 21, on the part thereof that surrounds.
  • the coil 26 thus delimits in the channel 21 a zone, called the necking zone 28, within which the electromagnetic field created by the coil 26 when it is fed by the generator 40 is developed.
  • the injection conditions allow it, that is to say if the injection pressure and / or the temperature and / or the metal to be injected are compatible with a tip whose body 21 comprises walls sufficiently thin, it is possible to place the coil 26 around the body 21.
  • the coil 26 For example, for the injection of zinc alloys (without aluminum) having a melting point below 450 ° C, it is possible to use a nonmagnetic refractory austenitic stainless steel tip that allows satisfactory resistance with thicknesses reduced to a few millimeters.
  • a single or multi-turn electromagnetic coil 26 can then be threaded onto the body 21 and fixed by any appropriate means. This variant allows easy disassembly of the coil while retaining the body 21 of the tip.
  • the tank 11 is filled with a liquid metal, for example a zinc or magnesium alloy.
  • the liquid metal flows from the tank 11 into the pipe 12.
  • the inverter 53 supplies the induction coils 51 with a polyphase alternating current (for example three-phase) so as to inductively heat the liquid metal in the pipe 12 to avoid any primer solidification or formation of lumps.
  • Each coil induction 51 also develops a magnetic field whose field lines are oriented along the axis of the induction coils and the pipe 12.
  • the phase shift of the magnetic field of the induction coils generates a movable magnetic field in the pipe 12 which moves the liquid metal contained therein towards its opposite end to the tank 11, with a substantially constant velocity V0.
  • the passage section of the liquid metal decreases in the constriction 27 and thus the speed of movement of the metal increases as a function of the section ratio between the upstream end 23 of the nozzle and the section of the channel 22 to reach a speed VI at the end of the narrowing, at the entrance to the necking zone 28 located below the electromagnetic coil 26.
  • the liquid metal progresses at the speed VI in the channel 22 and then in the injection orifice 33 of the mold 30 to fill one or more cavities 32 formed between the shells 31 of the mold 30.
  • the pulse generator 40 When the cavities 32 are filled, for example with end of a predetermined injection time as a function of the speed VI, the section of the channel 22 and / or the injection orifice 33 which define the metal flow rate and the volume of the fingerprint or fingerprints 32, the pulse generator 40 is activated and delivers a current pulse, for example of an intensity of the order of 20 kA to 1 MA, with a duration of 40 to 2 ms which circulates in the coil 26.
  • a current pulse for example of an intensity of the order of 20 kA to 1 MA, with a duration of 40 to 2 ms which circulates in the coil 26.
  • the liquid metal 13 is thus compressed radially and, because of its incompressibili tee, is ejected axially on either side of the necking zone 28 with an ejection speed V2.
  • the combination of this ejection velocity V2 with the circulation velocity VI of the liquid metal towards the mold 30 imparts a velocity corresponding to V1 + V2 to the metal.
  • this speed V1 + V2 is transformed into an increase in the injection pressure in the mold 30.
  • the coil generates a magnetic field of 40 T.
  • this magnetic field is applied to the liquid metal, it can reach a maximum speed (V1 + V2) of the order of 30 m / s in the nozzle and a maximum pressure of 700 MPa.
  • the circulation velocity of the metal following the combination of the circulation and ejection velocities is V1-V2.
  • the ejection velocity V2 is greater in absolute value than the circulation velocity VI which imparts to the liquid metal a movement towards the pipe 12 of the machine. Due to the narrowing 27 which behaves divergently in this direction, the speed of the liquid metal is reduced in the ratio of the sections and does not generate a large shock wave in the pipe 12 may damage the machine but simply a pressure wave which promotes the mixing of the metal in the pipe.
  • the dosage of the amount of metal to be injected into the mold cavities may be adjusted by an injection time before the pulse generator is triggered or by the adjustment of the transfer rate of the liquid metal by the frequency and supply phase of the induction coils.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Casting Support Devices, Ladles, And Melt Control Thereby (AREA)
  • Moulds For Moulding Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
EP16808684.1A 2015-12-11 2016-12-09 Injektionsspitze für eine giessmaschine, giessmaschine und verfahren mit dieser spitze Active EP3386659B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1562245A FR3044943B1 (fr) 2015-12-11 2015-12-11 Embout d'injection pour machine de coulee, machine et procede de coulee faisant usage d'un tel embout
PCT/EP2016/080396 WO2017097961A1 (fr) 2015-12-11 2016-12-09 Embout d'injection pour machine de coulée, machine et procédé de coulée faisant usage d'un tel embout

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3386659A1 true EP3386659A1 (de) 2018-10-17
EP3386659B1 EP3386659B1 (de) 2020-12-02

Family

ID=55236765

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16808684.1A Active EP3386659B1 (de) 2015-12-11 2016-12-09 Injektionsspitze für eine giessmaschine, giessmaschine und verfahren mit dieser spitze

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US20190001407A1 (de)
EP (1) EP3386659B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6840166B2 (de)
CN (1) CN108367344A (de)
FR (1) FR3044943B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2017097961A1 (de)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113927014A (zh) * 2021-09-09 2022-01-14 仁兴机械（佛山）有限公司 一种射料装置及其压铸机及其压铸方法
CN115863125A (zh) * 2022-10-31 2023-03-28 西北核技术研究所 一种一体化高压真空绝缘堆栈

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2018537296A (ja) 2018-12-20
CN108367344A (zh) 2018-08-03
FR3044943B1 (fr) 2020-12-04
EP3386659B1 (de) 2020-12-02
FR3044943A1 (fr) 2017-06-16
US20190001407A1 (en) 2019-01-03
WO2017097961A1 (fr) 2017-06-15
JP6840166B2 (ja) 2021-03-10

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