EP2655673B1 - Procédé de fabrication de composants durcis - Google Patents

Procédé de fabrication de composants durcis Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2655673B1
EP2655673B1 EP11808211.4A EP11808211A EP2655673B1 EP 2655673 B1 EP2655673 B1 EP 2655673B1 EP 11808211 A EP11808211 A EP 11808211A EP 2655673 B1 EP2655673 B1 EP 2655673B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
zinc
temperature
blank
steel
heated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP11808211.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2655673A2 (fr
Inventor
Harald Schwinghammer
Thomas Kurz
Siegfried Kolnberger
Martin Rosner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Voestalpine Stahl GmbH
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Voestalpine Stahl GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE102010056264.5A external-priority patent/DE102010056264C5/de
Priority claimed from DE102010056265.3A external-priority patent/DE102010056265C5/de
Priority claimed from DE102011053939.5A external-priority patent/DE102011053939B4/de
Priority claimed from DE102011053941.7A external-priority patent/DE102011053941B4/de
Application filed by Voestalpine Stahl GmbH filed Critical Voestalpine Stahl GmbH
Publication of EP2655673A2 publication Critical patent/EP2655673A2/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2655673B1 publication Critical patent/EP2655673B1/fr
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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
    • C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/673—Quenching devices for die quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/46—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals
    • C21D9/48—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for sheet metals deep-drawing sheets
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
    • C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
    • C23C2/26—After-treatment
    • C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
    • C23C2/29—Cooling or quenching

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for producing hardened, corrosion-protected components with the features of claim 1.
  • press-hardened components made of sheet steel are used, particularly in automobiles.
  • These press-hardened components made of sheet steel are high-strength components that are used in particular as safety components in the bodywork area.
  • a sheet steel blank is heated above the so-called austenitizing temperature and, if necessary, kept at this temperature until a desired degree of austenitizing is reached.
  • This heated blank is then transferred to a molding tool and in this molding tool, in a one-step molding step, it is formed into the finished component and in the process through the cooled one
  • the mold is cooled at the same time at a rate that is above the critical hardening rate. The hardened component is thus produced.
  • the component is first formed almost completely, if necessary in a multi-stage forming process. This formed component is then likewise heated to a temperature above the austenitizing temperature and, if necessary, kept at this temperature for a required time.
  • This heated component is then transferred and inserted into a molding tool which already has the dimensions of the component or the final dimensions of the component, possibly taking into account the thermal expansion of the preformed component. After the particularly cooled tool has been closed, the preformed component is therefore only cooled in this tool at a speed above the critical hardening speed, and thereby hardened.
  • the direct method is a bit easier to implement here, but only allows shapes that can actually be created with a single forming step, i.e. relatively simple profile shapes.
  • Zinc has the advantage that zinc not only provides a barrier protection layer like aluminum, but also a cathodic protection against corrosion.
  • zinc-coated press-hardened components fit better into the overall corrosion protection concept of the vehicle body, as these are fully galvanized in today's common construction. In this respect, contact corrosion can be reduced or excluded.
  • microcracks can also occur in the coating, which are also undesirable, but not nearly as pronounced.
  • the zinc-iron phase diagram shows that above 782 ° C there is a large area that contains liquid zinc as long as the iron content is less than 60%. However, this is also the temperature range in which the austenitized steel is hot worked. However, it is also pointed out that if the deformation takes place above 782 ° C, there is a great risk of stress corrosion due to liquid zinc, which penetrates the grain boundaries of the base steel, which leads to macro cracks in the base steel. In addition, if the iron content is less than 30% in the coating, the maximum temperature for forming a safe product without macro cracks is lower than 782 ° C. This is the reason why this is not a direct forming process, but an indirect forming process. This is to circumvent the problem described.
  • the steel material having a zinc or zinc alloy coating which is formed on the surface of the steel material and the steel base material with the coating is heated to a temperature of 700 ° C to 1000 ° C and hot formed, wherein the coating has an oxide layer, which consists mainly of zinc oxide, before the steel base material with the zinc or zinc alloy layer is heated in order to then prevent the zinc from evaporating when heated.
  • a special procedure is provided for this.
  • JP 2007 182608 A discloses a method for producing a hardened steel component with a coating of zinc, which is a direct method for hot forming.
  • the object of the invention is to create a method for the production of sheet steel components provided with a corrosion protection layer, in which the formation of cracks is reduced or eliminated and nevertheless sufficient protection against corrosion is achieved.
  • the indirect method takes a more favorable route in that the direct method is used in which a zinc or zinc alloy coated plate is heated and is reshaped and quench hardened after heating.
  • the composition of the steel alloy is set within the scope of the usual composition of a magnesium drill steel (22 MnB5) so that quench hardening is achieved through a delayed conversion of the austenite into martensite and thus the presence of austenite even in the lower Temperature is carried out below 780 ° C or lower, so that at the moment in which mechanical tension is applied to the steel, which in connection with a zinc melt and austenite would lead to "liquid metal embrittlement", just no or very few liquid zinc phases are present.
  • a magnesium drill steel 22 MnB5
  • a conventional boron-manganese steel for use as a press-hardening steel material is adjusted with regard to the conversion of the austenite into other phases in such a way that the conversion shifts into deeper ranges.
  • the alloying elements boron, manganese, carbon and optionally chromium and molybdenum are used as transformation retarders in such steels.
  • quench hardening i.e. H. rapid cooling with a cooling rate above the critical hardening rate can be safely achieved even below 780 ° C.
  • work is carried out below the peritectic of the zinc-iron system, i.e. H. mechanical tension is only applied below the peritectic.
  • mechanical tension is only applied below the peritectic. This also means that at the moment when mechanical stress is applied, there are no longer any liquid zinc phases that can come into contact with the austenite.
  • a holding phase can be provided according to the invention in the temperature range of the peritectic, so that the solidification of the zinc coating is promoted and driven before it is subsequently reshaped.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Coating With Molten Metal (AREA)
  • Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)

Claims (3)

  1. Procédé de fabrication d'un composant en acier trempé avec une couche en zinc ou en alliage de zinc, une platine en tôle enduite de zinc ou d'alliage de zinc étant découpée, la platine découpée est chauffée à une température ≥Ac3 et, le cas échéant, maintenue à cette température pendant une durée déterminée afin de réaliser la formation d'austénite, puis la platine chauffée est transportée dans une matrice, façonnée dans la matrice et refroidie et donc trempée dans la matrice à une vitesse supérieure à la vitesse de trempe critique,
    le matériau en acier étant réglé pour ralentir à la transformation de telle sorte qu'un durcissement par trempe a lieu grâce à la transformation de l'austénite en martensite à une température de façonnage se trouvant dans la plage de 600 °C à 800 °C, notamment de 730 °C à 782 °C et en dessous de la température péritectique du diagramme zinc-fer, un refroidissement actif ayant lieu par transformation d'austénite en martensite, le matériau en acier étant utilisé avec l'analyse suivante (toutes les données en % massique) : Carbone (C) 0,08-0,6 Manganèse (Mn) 0,8-3,0 Aluminium (Al) 0,01-0,07 Silicium (Si) 0,01-0,5 Chrome (Cr) 0,02-0,6 Titane (Ti) 0,01-0,05 Azote (N) 0,003-0,1 Bore (B) 0,0005-0,06 Phosphore (P) < 0,01 Soufre (S) < 0,01 Molybdène (Mo) < 1
    le restant étant constitué de fer et d'impuretés issues de la fusion.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce qu'un matériau en acier est utilisé avec l'analyse suivante (toutes les données sont en % massique) : Carbone (C) 0,08-0,30 Manganèse (Mn) 1,00-3,00 Aluminium (Al) 0,03-0,06 Silicium (Si) 0,15-0,20 Chrome (Cr) 0,2-0,3 Titane (Ti) 0,03-0,04 Azote (N) 0,004-0,006 Bore (B) 0,001-0,06 Phosphore (P) < 0,01 Soufre (S) < 0,01 Molybdène (Mo) < 1
    le restant étant constitué de fer et d'impuretés issues de la fusion.
  3. Procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que la platine est chauffée dans un four à une température >Ac3 et maintenue à cette température pendant une durée déterminée, la platine est ensuite refroidie à une température comprise entre 600 °C et 800 °C, notamment entre 730 °C et 782 °C et maintenue à cette température afin d'obtenir une solidification de la couche de zinc puis transportée dans la matrice pour y être façonnée après une durée de maintien déterminée.
EP11808211.4A 2010-12-24 2011-12-22 Procédé de fabrication de composants durcis Active EP2655673B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102010056264.5A DE102010056264C5 (de) 2010-12-24 2010-12-24 Verfahren zum Erzeugen gehärteter Bauteile
DE102010056265.3A DE102010056265C5 (de) 2010-12-24 2010-12-24 Verfahren zum Erzeugen gehärteter Bauteile
DE102011053939.5A DE102011053939B4 (de) 2011-09-26 2011-09-26 Verfahren zum Erzeugen gehärteter Bauteile
DE102011053941.7A DE102011053941B4 (de) 2011-09-26 2011-09-26 Verfahren zum Erzeugen gehärteter Bauteile mit Bereichen unterschiedlicher Härte und/oder Duktilität
PCT/EP2011/073887 WO2012085251A2 (fr) 2010-12-24 2011-12-22 Procédé de fabrication de composants durcis

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2655673A2 EP2655673A2 (fr) 2013-10-30
EP2655673B1 true EP2655673B1 (fr) 2021-02-03

Family

ID=45470542

Family Applications (5)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11811025.3A Active EP2655675B1 (fr) 2010-12-24 2011-12-22 Procédé pour produire des éléments de construction durcis pourvus de zones de différentes duretés et/ou ductilités
EP11811026.1A Active EP2656187B1 (fr) 2010-12-24 2011-12-22 Procédé de fabrication de composants durcis
EP11808211.4A Active EP2655673B1 (fr) 2010-12-24 2011-12-22 Procédé de fabrication de composants durcis
EP11807691.8A Active EP2655672B1 (fr) 2010-12-24 2011-12-22 Procédé pour produire des éléments de construction durcis pourvus de zones de différentes duretés et/ou ductilités
EP11808645.3A Active EP2655674B1 (fr) 2010-12-24 2011-12-22 Procédé de formage et de durcissement de tôles d'acier revêtues

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11811025.3A Active EP2655675B1 (fr) 2010-12-24 2011-12-22 Procédé pour produire des éléments de construction durcis pourvus de zones de différentes duretés et/ou ductilités
EP11811026.1A Active EP2656187B1 (fr) 2010-12-24 2011-12-22 Procédé de fabrication de composants durcis

Family Applications After (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP11807691.8A Active EP2655672B1 (fr) 2010-12-24 2011-12-22 Procédé pour produire des éléments de construction durcis pourvus de zones de différentes duretés et/ou ductilités
EP11808645.3A Active EP2655674B1 (fr) 2010-12-24 2011-12-22 Procédé de formage et de durcissement de tôles d'acier revêtues

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (2) US10640838B2 (fr)
EP (5) EP2655675B1 (fr)
JP (2) JP5727037B2 (fr)
KR (3) KR20130132566A (fr)
CN (5) CN103415630B (fr)
ES (5) ES2829950T3 (fr)
HU (5) HUE055049T2 (fr)
WO (5) WO2012085248A2 (fr)

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KR20130126962A (ko) 2013-11-21
WO2012085256A2 (fr) 2012-06-28
CN103392014B (zh) 2016-01-27
JP2014505791A (ja) 2014-03-06
EP2655674A2 (fr) 2013-10-30
HUE054867T2 (hu) 2021-10-28
ES2858225T8 (es) 2022-01-05
EP2655675A2 (fr) 2013-10-30
HUE054465T2 (hu) 2021-09-28
CN103547686B (zh) 2016-11-23
US20140027026A1 (en) 2014-01-30
CN103384726B (zh) 2016-11-23
EP2655675B1 (fr) 2021-03-10
US10640838B2 (en) 2020-05-05
ES2858225T3 (es) 2021-09-29
WO2012085256A3 (fr) 2012-08-16
EP2656187A2 (fr) 2013-10-30
CN103415630B (zh) 2015-09-23
KR20130132566A (ko) 2013-12-04
EP2655673A2 (fr) 2013-10-30
WO2012085251A3 (fr) 2012-08-16
ES2851176T3 (es) 2021-09-03
WO2012085251A2 (fr) 2012-06-28
CN103384726A (zh) 2013-11-06
CN103547687A (zh) 2014-01-29
WO2012085253A2 (fr) 2012-06-28
WO2012085247A3 (fr) 2012-08-16
CN103547686A (zh) 2014-01-29
WO2012085248A2 (fr) 2012-06-28
ES2853207T3 (es) 2021-09-15
ES2829950T8 (es) 2021-06-10
US20140020795A1 (en) 2014-01-23
WO2012085253A3 (fr) 2012-08-16
HUE055049T2 (hu) 2021-10-28
EP2655672A2 (fr) 2013-10-30
CN103415630A (zh) 2013-11-27
WO2012085247A2 (fr) 2012-06-28
WO2012085248A3 (fr) 2012-08-16
KR101582922B1 (ko) 2016-01-07
ES2848159T3 (es) 2021-08-05
EP2655672B1 (fr) 2020-12-16
EP2655674B1 (fr) 2021-02-03
CN103392014A (zh) 2013-11-13
ES2829950T3 (es) 2021-06-02
EP2656187B1 (fr) 2020-09-09
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