EP2182183B1 - Corps de fermeture d'une soupape amovible et exposé à des gaz chauds - Google Patents

Corps de fermeture d'une soupape amovible et exposé à des gaz chauds Download PDF

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Publication number
EP2182183B1
EP2182183B1 EP09172918.6A EP09172918A EP2182183B1 EP 2182183 B1 EP2182183 B1 EP 2182183B1 EP 09172918 A EP09172918 A EP 09172918A EP 2182183 B1 EP2182183 B1 EP 2182183B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
spraying
sealing body
valve
sealing
body according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Not-in-force
Application number
EP09172918.6A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP2182183A1 (fr
Inventor
Dr. Christoph Beerens
Andreas Hoffmann
Christoph Luven
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mahle International GmbH
Original Assignee
Mahle International GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Mahle International GmbH filed Critical Mahle International GmbH
Publication of EP2182183A1 publication Critical patent/EP2182183A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2182183B1 publication Critical patent/EP2182183B1/fr
Not-in-force legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01L—CYCLICALLY OPERATING VALVES FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES
    • F01L3/00—Lift-valve, i.e. cut-off apparatus with closure members having at least a component of their opening and closing motion perpendicular to the closing faces; Parts or accessories thereof
    • F01L3/02—Selecting particular materials for valve-members or valve-seats; Valve-members or valve-seats composed of two or more materials
    • F01L3/04—Coated valve members or valve-seats

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a movable, hot gases exposed closure body of a valve, in particular a gas exchange valve of an internal combustion engine according to the preamble of patent claim 1.
  • closure bodies of gas exchange valves of an internal combustion engine it is known to form the closure body at least in partial areas of the acted upon by the hot combustion gases surface of an inner, provided externally with an insulating material base material.
  • a generic closure body is for example from the DE 367 003 A1 in which a valve disk is covered by a layer of good heat-conducting metal.
  • the cross-section of the coating is thin in the middle of the valve disk, corresponding to a high heat gradient, and becomes thicker towards the edge, so that the heat to be dissipated can always be provided with a necessary flow cross-section.
  • the present invention is concerned with the problem of providing for a generic closure body, an improved or at least another embodiment, which is characterized in particular by a uniform heat distribution during operation and ease of manufacture.
  • the invention is based on the general idea of applying a metallic coating, which has hitherto already been known for closure bodies, with a heat conductivity which is higher than that of a base body by means of a thermal spraying method to the base body, that is, to a first material, wherein between the first and the second Material no thermal insulation is provided, so that the good heat conducting second material can dissipate the heat both in an edge region of a valve disk of the closure body and from this edge region in a valve seat, as well as in a valve body itself, so that it can heat relatively evenly , without resulting in high and heavily loaded temperature gradients.
  • thermal spraying processes Under a thermal spraying process usually surface coating methods are subsumed in which filler materials, the so-called spray additives, inside or outside a spray burner off, on or melted accelerated in a gas stream in the form of spray particles and are thrown onto the surface of the material to be coated.
  • the surface to be coated is not melted and only thermally loaded to a very small extent.
  • a layer formation takes place here, provided that the spray particles flatten more or less depending on process and material when hitting the surface, remain liable primarily by mechanical interlocking and build up the sprayed layer in layers.
  • Particularly advantageous in such thermal spraying processes is the low porosity of the sprayed layers, the good bonding of the same to a base material, freedom from cracks and a relatively homogeneous microstructure.
  • the achieved coating properties can be determined decisively by the temperature and the speed of the spray particles at the time of their impact on the surface to be coated.
  • As an energy source for the on or melting of the spray additive used for example electric arc, plasma jets, laser beams or preheated gases (eg cold gas spraying, HVOF).
  • HVOF cold gas spraying
  • the second material in a hot Exhaust gases on the most exposed surface area of the closure body brought to a maximum directly to the sealing region of the closure body and thereby able to derive the high component temperatures occurring during operation of the engine on the one hand quickly into the valve seat and on the other hand to achieve a comparatively uniform heating of the valve body.
  • the second, highly thermally conductive material extends in particular to those areas in which the closure body contacts the valve seat when the valve is closed. At a direct contact point between the valve body and the valve seat, however, preferably no second material is provided, since this often has only a moderate wear resistance due to its high thermal conductivity and would wear out especially in this area.
  • the first material of the closure body that is to say the base material, is selected primarily according to strength considerations.
  • the second material is applied by means of cold gas spraying on the closure body.
  • cold gas spraying a coating material in powder form is applied to the carrier material (substrate) at very high speed, for which purpose a process gas heated to a few hundred degrees C. is accelerated to supersonic speed by expansion in a Laval nozzle and then the powder articles are injected into the gas jet.
  • These injected spray particles are thereby accelerated to such a high speed that, in contrast to other thermal spraying methods, they form a density and at the same time a firmly adhering layer upon impact with the substrate, even without prior melting or melting.
  • the cold gas spraying a cost-effective and highly adhesive surface coating can be achieved.
  • Each valve of an internal combustion engine shown has a first material 1 serving as a base material and a second material 2 having a comparatively higher thermal conductivity exposed to the hot combustion gases of a combustion chamber of the internal combustion engine.
  • the second material 2 with respect to the first material 1 higher Thermal conductivity extends radially outward to a maximum directly to that area approaching, in which the valve plate rests against the valve seat associated with it when the valve is closed.
  • Such a valve seat is not drawn for clarity. As shown, the maximum radial extent of the second material 2 is drawn.
  • the second material 2 may protrude with the higher thermal conductivity over the radially outer edges of the valve disk in the direction of the valve stem, although that portion of the valve disk which contacts the valve seat directly, should remain recessed for wear reasons.
  • the second material 2 is applied by means of a thermal spraying process.
  • a thermal spraying method can be, for example, a molten bath spraying, an arc spraying, a plasma spraying, a flame spraying, a detonation spraying, a cold gas spraying or a laser spraying.
  • cold gas spraying in which the second material 2, that is to say the coating material, is applied in powder form at very high speed to the first material 1, that is to say the carrier material.
  • a heated to a few hundred degrees ° C process gas for example nitrogen or other inert gas
  • a Laval nozzle to supersonic speed and then injected the powder particles in the gas jet, whereupon they are so much accelerated that, in contrast to other thermal spraying Even without previous on or melting on impact with the first material form a dense and firmly adhering layer.
  • An alternative thermal spraying method is, for example, plasma spraying, in which an anode and up to three cathodes are separated by a narrow gap at a plasma torch.
  • a DC voltage is here generates an arc between the anode and cathode, wherein the gas flowing through the plasma torch is passed through the arc and thereby ionized.
  • the dissociation, or subsequent ionization generates a highly heated electrically conductive gas of positive ions and electrons, in which the coating material, in this case the second material 2, is injected and immediately melted by the high plasma temperature.
  • the plasma gas stream thereby entrains the coating material and throws it onto the first material 1.
  • an adhesive base may be arranged therebetween, which has, for example, aluminum and / or nickel.
  • the primer or the adhesive layer may be up to 100 microns thick, as well as, for example, a corrosion protection layer, with which the second material 2 is coated.
  • a corrosion protection layer may in particular comprise nickel.
  • the second material 2 is usually made of good heat conducting material, such as copper with a purity of greater than 99% or silver.
  • the layer thickness of the second material 2 is between 0.2 and 1.0 mm.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
  • Lift Valve (AREA)

Claims (7)

  1. Corps de fermeture d'une soupape mobile exposé à des gaz chauds, en particulier d'une soupape à changement de gaz d'un moteur à combustion, avec une zone d'étanchéité qui peut être appliquée à une bague de siège de soupape, dans lequel
    - au moins une zone de surface du corps de fermeture, exposée le plus intensément aux gaz chauds jusqu'au maximum directement sur la zone d'étanchéité de ce corps de fermeture est constituée respectivement d'au moins un premier et un deuxième matériau (1 ou 2),
    - le deuxième matériau (2) possède par rapport au premier matériau (1), une conductibilité thermique supérieure,
    dans lequel
    - le deuxième matériau (2) est appliqué au moyen d'un procédé de pulvérisation thermique,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - le deuxième matériau (2) présente du cuivre et/ou de l'argent et possède une épaisseur entre 0,2 et 1 mm,
    - le deuxième matériau (2) est revêtu d'au moins une couche anticorrosion qui présente du nickel et a une épaisseur jusqu'à 100 µm.
  2. Corps de fermeture selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le deuxième matériau (2) est appliqué au moyen du procédé de pulvérisation thermique suivant,
    - pulvérisation de bain en fusion
    - pulvérisation à l'arc électrique (pulvérisation à l'arc électrique à fil métallique)
    - pulvérisation de plasma (dans l'atmosphère ambiante, sous gaz protecteur, à basse pression (sous vide)),
    - flammage (flammage à la poudre, au fil métallique, à matières plastiques, à vitesse élevée)
    - pulvérisation par détonation (flammage par choc)
    - pulvérisation à gaz froid
    - pulvérisation laser
  3. Corps de fermeture selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    il n'y a pas de deuxième matériau (2) dans la zone d'étanchéité dans laquelle se trouve la tête de soupape en tant que corps de fermeture, lorsque la soupape est fermée, sur le siège de soupape qui lui est affecté.
  4. Corps de fermeture selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    entre le premier matériau (1) et le deuxième matériau (2) est disposée une couche d'adhérence faisant office d'adhésif.
  5. Corps de fermeture selon la revendication 4,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la couche d'adhérence présente du nickel et/ou de l'aluminium.
  6. Corps de fermeture selon la revendication 4 ou 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la couche d'adhérence présente une épaisseur allant jusqu'à 100 µm.
  7. Corps de fermeture selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce que
    - le deuxième matériau (2) s'étend à l'exclusion de la zone d'étanchéité dans laquelle le corps de fermeture est en contact avec la bague de siège de soupape, sur la zone d'étanchéité, ou
    - le deuxième matériau (2) est disposé sur une face supérieure du corps de fermeture.
EP09172918.6A 2008-10-31 2009-10-13 Corps de fermeture d'une soupape amovible et exposé à des gaz chauds Not-in-force EP2182183B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102008054266A DE102008054266A1 (de) 2008-10-31 2008-10-31 Beweglicher, heißen Gasen ausgesetzter Verschlusskörper eines Ventiles

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP2182183A1 EP2182183A1 (fr) 2010-05-05
EP2182183B1 true EP2182183B1 (fr) 2016-12-14

Family

ID=41615723

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP09172918.6A Not-in-force EP2182183B1 (fr) 2008-10-31 2009-10-13 Corps de fermeture d'une soupape amovible et exposé à des gaz chauds

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US8726873B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP2182183B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP5627872B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102008054266A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112430811A (zh) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-02 浙江大学 一种铜基体表面激光熔覆铜合金粉末的方法

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DE102011090203A1 (de) * 2011-12-30 2013-07-04 Continental Automotive Gmbh Design eines Ventil-Schließkörpers
DE102012216929B4 (de) 2012-09-20 2022-05-25 Mahle International Gmbh Motorkomponente einer Brennkraftmaschine
JP6143048B2 (ja) * 2012-09-24 2017-06-07 三菱重工業株式会社 エンジンバルブ
JP6063558B2 (ja) * 2013-03-29 2017-01-18 日鍛バルブ株式会社 中空ポペットバルブ
JP6291175B2 (ja) * 2013-07-05 2018-03-14 株式会社リケン バルブシート及びその製造方法
DK177960B1 (en) 2014-04-08 2015-02-02 Man Diesel & Turbo Deutschland An exhaust valve for an internal combustion engine
CN106222599B (zh) * 2016-09-12 2019-01-01 武汉理工大学 采用喷涂自熔性合金结合中频感应加热生产阀门耐磨密封面的复合工艺
JP6868265B2 (ja) * 2016-12-14 2021-05-12 株式会社フジキン 制御弁

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112430811A (zh) * 2020-11-23 2021-03-02 浙江大学 一种铜基体表面激光熔覆铜合金粉末的方法
CN112430811B (zh) * 2020-11-23 2022-02-25 浙江大学 一种铜基体表面激光熔覆铜合金粉末的方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US8726873B2 (en) 2014-05-20
JP2010106842A (ja) 2010-05-13
DE102008054266A1 (de) 2010-05-06
EP2182183A1 (fr) 2010-05-05
US20100108012A1 (en) 2010-05-06
JP5627872B2 (ja) 2014-11-19

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