EP2152789A1 - Feuerhemmendes polystyrol - Google Patents

Feuerhemmendes polystyrol

Info

Publication number
EP2152789A1
EP2152789A1 EP08759922A EP08759922A EP2152789A1 EP 2152789 A1 EP2152789 A1 EP 2152789A1 EP 08759922 A EP08759922 A EP 08759922A EP 08759922 A EP08759922 A EP 08759922A EP 2152789 A1 EP2152789 A1 EP 2152789A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fire
polystyrene
weight
beads
intumescent
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP08759922A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP2152789B1 (de
Inventor
Willem Diederik Brouwer
Eric Hendrikus Engelbertus Las
Willem Van Liemt
Govin Rauniyar
Willem Hubert Marie Souren
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Ineos Styrenics International SA
Original Assignee
Ineos Nova International SA
CRH PLC
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from EP07075407A external-priority patent/EP1997849A1/de
Priority claimed from GB0719015A external-priority patent/GB0719015D0/en
Application filed by Ineos Nova International SA, CRH PLC filed Critical Ineos Nova International SA
Priority to EP08759922.1A priority Critical patent/EP2152789B1/de
Publication of EP2152789A1 publication Critical patent/EP2152789A1/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP2152789B1 publication Critical patent/EP2152789B1/de
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
    • C08J9/224—Surface treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B26/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing only organic binders, e.g. polymer or resin concrete
    • C04B26/02—Macromolecular compounds
    • C04B26/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C04B26/16—Polyurethanes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
    • C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/28—Fire resistance, i.e. materials resistant to accidental fires or high temperatures
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2201/00—Foams characterised by the foaming process
    • C08J2201/02—Foams characterised by the foaming process characterised by mechanical pre- or post-treatments
    • C08J2201/038—Use of an inorganic compound to impregnate, bind or coat a foam, e.g. waterglass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2361/00—Characterised by the use of condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2425/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2425/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of hydrocarbons
    • C08J2425/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene
    • C08J2425/06—Polystyrene
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/249921—Web or sheet containing structurally defined element or component
    • Y10T428/249953—Composite having voids in a component [e.g., porous, cellular, etc.]
    • Y10T428/249987—With nonvoid component of specified composition

Definitions

  • This invention relates to fire retardant polystyrene, in particular fire retardant polystyrene foams.
  • Polystyrene foams provide a favourable combination of properties for the purpose of building and construction of dwellings, for example; - very low water permeability very high water resistance very good thermal insulation value, constant over the product lifespan (40 years plus) - excellent sound insulation high constructive strength at minimal weight or density
  • Polystyrene is an intrinsically combustible material, and good fire retardancy for polystyrene foams is generally achieved by the use of specific fire-retardant additives to the polymer, or by a combination of the polystyrene foam parts with other constructive materials. In these product types and combinations, polystyrene foams have achieved a well-earned reputation as safe and very efficient construction/insulation materials.
  • polystyrene foam product which has the unique combination of beneficial properties as indicated above, in combination with a dramatically increased retention of structural stability when exposed to fire.
  • polystyrene foam is integrated with other materials like wood, metal, mineral wool, polyisocyanurate, polyphenol.
  • the polystyrene foam can be virgin, or be prepared with a so-called fire retardant additive.
  • fire-retardant additives for polystyrene foam are organohalogen compounds like hexabromocyclododecane, derivatives of tetrabromobisphenol A tribromophenyl allyl ether.
  • organohalogen compounds like hexabromocyclododecane, derivatives of tetrabromobisphenol A tribromophenyl allyl ether.
  • EP 834529 for example, teaches the addition of phosphorous-containing organic materials and magnesium for improving the fire-retardant behaviour of PS foam.
  • the fire behaviour was only minimally improved at a very high loading of fire retardant.
  • the attempts to alter the burning behaviour of PS foam by adding so-called charring and intumescent agents to the resin or the polymerization have suffered from this problem.
  • polystyrene foam in the shape of expanded polystyrene foam beads, is mixed with a polyphenol resin and compressed into foam sheets with excellent fire retardancy.
  • these materials have lost much of the initial performance requirements of polystyrene foams, for example they are notably more brittle and the water absorption has increased.
  • the preparation of the product requires dedicated machinery not present in the standard foam producer's workplace.
  • expanded or expandable polystyrene in bead or particular form wherein the particles or beads are coated with an intumescent and a fire-resistant binder.
  • the expanded or expandable polystyrene can be rework, recycle or scrap material provided that it is in particulate form.
  • silicates consist of SiO 2 Or SiO 4 groupings combined with one or more metals and sometimes hydrogen, with the addition of ions such as aluminium, maganesium, calcium, sodium, or other metals.
  • ions such as aluminium, maganesium, calcium, sodium, or other metals.
  • Na 2 OZSiO 2 they can be divided into various products.
  • liquid sodium silicate called water glass, is a viscous alkaline and transparent solution in which the SiO 2 to Na 2 O ratio varies.
  • zeolites hydrated aluminium silicates of calcium sodium or potassium.
  • binders can even be cement, lime or gypsum.
  • alkali metal silicates for example sodium or potassium silicate preferably sodium silicate.
  • Organic binders can for example consist of mixtures of phenolic resins and water, polyurethane dispersions, or melamine-based liquid mixtures.
  • a mixture of sodium silicate and water can function as a fire-resistant binder , but also eg mixtures of water and zeolites, phenol derivatives (e.g. polyphenols, phenol- formaldehyde resins) or char- forming salts (eg as disclosed in GB 2101644).
  • the fire-resistant binder can also be in the form of a gel or a sol-gel particularly when the binder is a silicate or zeolite.
  • a gel is a colloidal suspension in which a porous skeleton encloses a liquid phase.
  • the fire-resistant binder may be applied as a gel-forming composition comprising a silicate or aluminosilicate which may optionally also comprise an organic liquid in particular an organic liquid that is water-immiscible.
  • the gel-forming composition can be formed in situ by adding a metal silicate with a metal aluminate preferably in water.
  • An intumescent in the above definition represents a composition which, upon heating or exposure to fire, produces a foamed char layer many times its original volume.
  • Examples include ammonium polyphosphate/pentaerythritol mixtures, melamine, guanidines, chloroparaffins, phosphines, phosphonates, resin binders and expandable graphite, preferably expandable graphite.
  • ammonium polyphosphate/pentaerythritol mixtures melamine, guanidines, chloroparaffins, phosphines, phosphonates, resin binders and expandable graphite, preferably expandable graphite.
  • intumescent additive is thought to be complementary in nature
  • the expanded polystyrene beads are formed typically by heat treatment of expandable polystyrene (e.g. as described in "Modern Styrenics Polymers, Scheirs & Priddy, eds. Wiley, New York 2003).
  • Expandable polystyrene is understood to be a composition which comprises a blowing agent and which is capable of expansion by virtue of the presence of the blowing agent.
  • the composition may be in the form of particles or, preferably, of expandable beads.
  • beads are meant, generally, spherical or substantially spherical particles, in particular spheroidal particles which may have a large diameter and a small diameter, with a ratio between the large diameter and the small diameter ranging in particular from 1.0 to 1.3, preferably from 1.0 to 1.2.
  • the expandable particles or beads may have an average size ranging from 0.3 to 3 mm, preferably from 0.3 to 2 mm, in particular from 0.4 to 1.5 mm. They may also have a bulk density (or apparent density), measured according to method ASTM D 1622, ranging from 550 to 720 kg/m 3 , preferably from 580 to 710 kg/m 3 , in particular from 600 to 770 kg/m 3 .
  • the comonomer or comonomers present in the styrene copolymer may be selected from vinylaromatic compounds, in particular from alpha-methylstyrene, a styrene halogenated on the aromatic ring or a styrene alkylated on the aromatic ring, (meth)acrylic acid, Ci to C 4 alkyl esters of (meth)acrylic acid such a methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl acrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isopropyl acrylate or butyl acrylate, amides and nitriles of (meth)acrylic acid such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, acrylonitrile or methacrylonitrile, butadiene, ethylene, divinylbenzene and maleic anhydride.
  • vinylaromatic compounds in particular from alpha-methylstyrene, a styrene halogenated
  • the expandable polystyrene composition can also be a blend of polystyrene and polyolefins polymers (e.g. ARCEL commercially available from NOVA Chemicals) or polystyrene and polyphenylene oxides (NORYL). Further, the expandable polystyrene beads used can also have material/additive incorporated such as metal oxides, metal powder, carbon black, graphite, etc that improve the thermal insulation properties (e.g. EPS Silver, Neopor and Lambdapor polymers) of the final foam. Preference is given to using a homopolystyrene.
  • polyolefins polymers e.g. ARCEL commercially available from NOVA Chemicals
  • NORD polystyrene and polyphenylene oxides
  • the expandable polystyrene beads used can also have material/additive incorporated such as metal oxides, metal powder, carbon black, graphite, etc that improve the thermal insulation properties (e.g. EPS Silver,
  • the weight-average molecular mass, Mw, of the styrene polymer may be in a range extending from 150 000 to 450 000 daltons, preferably from 160 000 to 400 000 daltons, in particular from 170 000 to 300 000 daltons.
  • the distribution of the molecular masses of the styrene polymer, calculated by the ratio between Mw and the number-average molecular mass Mn of the polymer, may range from 1.5 to 4.0, preferably from 1.7 to 3.5, in particular from 1.8 to 3.0.
  • the polystyrene may advantageously have a relatively low level of residual monomer and, where appropriate, of residual comonomer(s), despite the presence of the carbon black, which is known to be a polymerization inhibitor: for example, the amount may be less than or equal to 2000 parts by weight per million (ppm), preferably equal to or less than 1000 ppm.
  • the expandable polystyrene composition comprises, per 100 parts by weight of styrene polymer, from 2 to 20 parts, preferably from 3 to 15 parts and in particular from 3 to 10 parts by weight of at least one blowing agent.
  • the blowing agent may be selected from aliphatic or cyclic, optionally fluorinated, hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, water and mixtures of two or more of these compounds.
  • Freons linear or branched saturated hydrocarbons and cyclic saturated hydrocarbons, preferably C 3 to C 7 hydrocarbons, in particular C 4 to C 6 hydrocarbons, such as n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, isopentane, n-hexane or isohexane, carbon dioxide, water and mixtures of two or more of these compounds, especially mixtures of two or more of these hydrocarbons, mixtures of carbon dioxide with water, mixtures of carbon dioxide with at least one of these hydrocarbons, or mixtures of water with at least one of these hydrocarbons and, optionally, carbon dioxide.
  • C 3 to C 7 hydrocarbons in particular C 4 to C 6 hydrocarbons, such as n-butane, isobutane, n-pentane, isopentane, n-hexane or isohexane
  • carbon dioxide water and mixtures of two or more of these compounds, especially mixtures of two or more of these hydrocarbons, mixture
  • the expandable polystyrene composition may further comprise at least one additive selected from flame retardants, nucleating agents, plasticizers and agents which facilitate the demoulding of the moulded and expanded articles.
  • it may comprise at least one flame retardant selected in particular from halogenated hydrocarbons, preferably brominated hydrocarbons, in particular C 6 to Ci 2 hydrocarbons, such as hexabromocyclohexane, pentabromomonochlorocyclohexane or hexabromocyclododecane, in an amount which can range from 0.05 to 2 parts, preferably from 0.1 to 1.5 parts, by weight, per 100 parts by weight of the styrene polymer.
  • halogenated hydrocarbons preferably brominated hydrocarbons, in particular C 6 to Ci 2 hydrocarbons, such as hexabromocyclohexane, pentabromomonochlorocyclohexane or hexabromocyclododecane
  • the composition may further comprise at least one nucleating agent selected in particular from synthetic waxes, in particular Fischer-Tropsch waxes and polyolefin waxes such as polyethylene waxes or polypropylene waxes, in an amount which can range from 0.05 to 1 part, preferably from 0.1 to 0.5 part, by weight per 100 parts by weight of the styrene polymer.
  • the composition may likewise comprise at least one plasticizer, selected in particular from mineral oils and petroleum waxes such as paraffin waxes, in an amount that can range from 0.1 to 1 part, preferably from 0.1 to 0.8 part, by weight per 100 parts by weight of the styrene polymer.
  • the composition may additionally comprise at least one agent which facilitates the demoulding of the moulded and expanded articles, selected in particular from inorganic salts and esters of stearic acid, such as glycerol mono-, di- or tristearates and zinc stearate, calcium stearate or magnesium stearate, in an amount which can range from 0.05 to 1 part, preferably from 0.1 to 0.6 part, by weight per 100 parts by weight of the styrene polymer.
  • inorganic salts and esters of stearic acid such as glycerol mono-, di- or tristearates and zinc stearate, calcium stearate or magnesium stearate
  • the process for preparing the expandable polystyrene composition which is in the form, in particular, of expandable particles or, preferably, expandable beads comprises a step of polymerizing styrene and optionally at least one comonomer as mentioned above in aqueous suspension, followed by a step of separating off and eliminating the aqueous phase, and isolating the composition in particular in the form of expandable particles or beads.
  • the polymerization in aqueous suspension may be carried out with stirring, in the presence of at least one free-radical polymerization initiator, at least one suspension stabilizer, blowing agent or agents, the blowing agent(s) being present in an amount which can range from 3 to 20, preferably 5-10 by weight parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of styrene
  • Polymerization in aqueous suspension may be carried out at a temperature ranging from 70 to 15O 0 C, preferably from 85 to 140°C. It may be carried out with a weight ratio between the water and the styrene and optionally the comonomer(s) ranging from 0.8/1 to 5/1 , preferably from 0.9/1 to 4/1.
  • the polymerization may be continued for a time such that the amount of residual monomer and, where appropriate, of residual comonomer(s) is less than or equal to 2000 ppm, preferably less than or equal to 1000 ppm,.
  • Polymerization in aqueous suspension is carried out in the presence of one or more free-radical polymerization initiators, in an amount which can range from 0.01 to 2 parts, preferably from 0.05 to 1 part by weight, per 100 parts by weight of monomer and optionally of comonomer(s).
  • the free-radical polymerization initiator may be selected from mono-, di- and polyfunctional free-radical initiators, and in particular from peroxides, hydroperoxides, peroxycarbonates, perketals, peresters and azo compounds. It is preferably selected from difunctional or polyfunctional free-radical initiators and more particularly from peresters.
  • At least one free-radical polymerization initiator selected from cumylhydroperoxide, peresters, such as tert-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, tert-butyl peroxyneodecanoate, tert-butyl peroxypivalate, tert-butyl peroxydiethylacetate, tert-butyl peroxyisobutyrate, tert-butyl peroxy ⁇ 3,5,5-trimethylliexanoate, cumyl peroxyneodecanoate, tert-amyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate, tert-amyl peroxyneodecanoate, tert-amyl perox ypi val ate, 2 , 5 -bi s(2- ethylhexanoylp eroxy)-2 ,5-dimethylhe
  • cumylhydroperoxide peresters, such as
  • these initiators make it possible to improve the yield of the polymerization reaction in spite of the presence of the carbon black. It is possible, accordingly, to manufacture the polystyrene containing a very low amount of residual styrene and, where appropriate, of residual comonomer(s).
  • the free-radical polymerization initiator or initiators may be introduced in its or their entirety at the beginning of polymerization or else part at the beginning and the remaining part in one or more portions during the polymerization.
  • Polymerization in aqueous suspension is preferably carried out in the presence of at least one suspension stabilizer, in particular at least one organic suspension stabilizer, selected in particular from polyvinyl alcohols, hydroxyethylcellulose, methyl cellulose, sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate, random copolymer of acrylic acid and ethylhexylacrylate starch, polyacrylamides and polyvinylpyrrolidones, or at least one inorganic suspension stabilizer, selected in particular from alumina, magnesium silicate, magnesium oxide, zinc oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium fluoride and inorganic salts of (pyro)phosphoric acid such as tricalcium phosphate, barium phosphate, aluminium phosphate or magnesium pyrophosphate.
  • at least one suspension stabilizer in particular at least one organic suspension stabilizer, selected in particular from polyvinyl alcohols, hydroxyethylcellulose, methyl cellulose, sodium dodecylbenzenesulphonate, random copolymer of acrylic
  • the amount of suspension stabilizer employed may be from 0.05 to 6 parts, preferably from 0.1 to 4 parts, by weight per 100 parts by weight of styrene and optionally of comonomer(s).
  • a styrene (pre)polymer different from or, preferably, identical to the polymer of the composition in an amount which can range from 1 to 50 parts, preferably from 30 to 45 parts, by weight per 100 parts by weight of total employed.
  • Polymerization in aqueous suspension may be carried out in the presence of other additives, selected from chain transfer agents such as mercaptans and the dimers of alpha-methylstyrene, flame retardants such as halogenated hydrocarbons, preferably brominated hydrocarbons, in particular those mentioned above, crossiinl ⁇ ng agents such as butadiene or divinylbenzene, plasticizers and nucleating agents, especially those mentioned above.
  • chain transfer agents such as mercaptans and the dimers of alpha-methylstyrene
  • flame retardants such as halogenated hydrocarbons, preferably brominated hydrocarbons, in particular those mentioned above
  • crossiinl ⁇ ng agents such as butadiene or divinylbenzene
  • plasticizers and nucleating agents especially those mentioned above.
  • Polymerization in aqueous suspension is carried out in particular in the presence of at least one blowing agent, in an amount ranging from 3 to 23 parts, preferably from 4 to 17 parts, in particular from 4 to 12 parts by weight, per 100 parts by weight of styrene and optionally of comonomer(s) employed in the polymerization.
  • a small portion of the blowing agent employed during the polymerization is lost and is not recovered in the expandable polystyrene composition after the polymerization.
  • the blowing agent or agents may be selected from those mentioned above and may be introduced in their entirety at the beginning or during the polymerization, or else partly at the beginning and the remaining part in one or more portions during the polymerization. They may alternatively be introduced in a separate impregnation step.
  • the expandable polystyrene composition is used for producing an expanded article, in particular an extruded or moulded article, having in particular a bulk density (or apparent density), measured according to method ASTM D 1622, ranging from 5 to 200 kg/m 3 , preferably from 5 to 180 kg/m 3 and in particular from 5 to 150 kg/m 3 .
  • the expanded polystyrene is typically produced by a process comprising the following steps: (i) a step of pre-expansion (or prefoaming) by contacting and mixing the composition, in particular in the form of expandable particles or expandable beads, with steam, in particular in a stirred tank and in particular under pressure and temperature conditions capable of forming expanded particles or beads having in particular a bulk density (or apparent density) ranging from 5 to 200 kg/m 3 , preferably from 5 to 100 kg/m 3 and in particular from 5 to 50 or to 30 kg/m 3 , for example at a temperature ranging from 80 to 110 0 C, or from 85 to 105 0 C, and under an absolute pressure which can range from 10 to 160 kPa, or from 50 to 150 kPa, and (ii) optionally, a step of stabilising the particles or beads (maturation) thus expanded, by contacting them with ambient air, in particular at a temperature ranging from 0 to 4O 0 C, and under an absolute pressure which can range from
  • the expanded polystyrene beads are mixed with the fire-resistant binder and the intumescent; it is important to achieve good distribution of both with the beads.
  • the intumescent and fire-resistant binder can be added separately or as a mixture.
  • the mixing process can be carried out at a temperature in the range 0°- 100 0 C preferably, more preferably 10° - 75°C, most preferably at ambient temperature.
  • the beads are then dried, and optionally moulded.
  • the invention relates to the use of the expandable polystyrene composition, in the form in particular of expandable particles or, preferably expandable beads, and expanded particles and expanded beads produced therefrom for producing a moulded and expanded article having a bulk density (or apparent density) as mentioned above, for example ranging from 5 to 200 kg/m 3 , preferably from 5 to 100 kg/m 3 ; in particular from 5 to 50 kg/m 3 , and especially from 5 to 30 kg/m 3 .
  • a bulk density or apparent density
  • Moulding the particles or beads of expanded polystyrene is typically carried out, by introducing them into a mould and by heating the mould, in particular so as to weld the particles or beads to one another, for example at a temperature ranging from 80 to 12O 0 C, and so to produce a moulded and expanded article having in particular the desired bulk density (or apparent density) which, preferably, is substantially identical to that of the pre- expanded particles or beads.
  • the fire-resistant binder is preferably used in solution preferably aqueous solution.
  • Other solvents or carriers for the fire-resistant binder can be used.
  • the concentration of the fire-resistant binder in the solution is in the range 2-80% by weight, preferably 10-70% more preferably 15-50% by weight.
  • the intumescent can be any substance that swells as a result of heat exposure, increasing in volume and decreasing in density.
  • An intumescent is typically used in passive fire protection and is typically endothermic and can contain chemically bound water.
  • Typical examples of intumescents are expandable graphite, nanoclays, expandable glass beads (e.g.Expancell commercially available from Akzo) preferably expandable graphite.
  • the weight of the intumescent as a percentage of the total weight of expanded or expandable polystyrene beads or particles, the intumescent and the fire-resistant binder is preferably in the range 10 - 30%, more preferably 15 - 25%, for example 17 - 23%.
  • the weight of the fire-resistant binder as a percentage of the total weight of expanded or expandable polystyrene beads or particle, the intumescent and the fire- resistant binder is preferably in the range 30 - 50%, more preferably 35-45%, for example 37 - 43%.
  • the weight of the fire-resistant binder does not include the weight of any liquid solvent or carrier.
  • the intumescent and fire-resistant binder will be applied to the expandable or preferable expanded polystyrene prior to moulding.
  • the fire- resistant binder and intumescent can be applied to an already moulded polystyrene foam article, block or sheet by impregnation, spraying or dipping in a bath; in this case the f ⁇ re- resistant binder and intumescent can be made to permeate the article, block or sheet by, for example placing it in a container (e.g. a bag) through which a liquid solution or slurry of fire-resistant binder and intumescent is allowed to pass by gravity or pumping action.
  • a container e.g. a bag
  • the present invention further comprises an article comprising polystyrene foam treated with a fire-resistant binder and an intumescent and optionally a material normally used for construction purposes such as gypsum, iron board, aluminium or some other metallic material,
  • a material normally used for construction purposes such as gypsum, iron board, aluminium or some other metallic material
  • Expandable polystyrene polymer particles were prepared by conventional suspension polymerisation. The particles were pre-expanded using steam to an apparent density of 19 kg/m3 and matured.
  • Example 1 250 g of a sodium silicate solution as defined below and 40 g of expandable graphite were mixed together. The resulting slurry was then mixed with 100 g of the pre- expanded polystyrene beads. After drying the mixture, the coated pre-foam beads were moulded (300 x 300 x 50 mm) using standard EPS equipment and moulding conditions.
  • Example 1 was repeated with the exception that 250 g sodium silicate solution was first well mixed with the pre-expanded beads prior to adding 4Og expandable graphite and further mixing.
  • Example 3
  • Example 1 was repeated with the exception that no sodium silicate solution or expandable graphite was used.
  • Example 4 Example 1 was repeated with the exception that no sodium silicate solution was used but only 40 g of expandable graphite was mixed with lOOg of pre- expanded polystyrene beads. No expandable graphite coating (sticking to the pre-foam beads) was observed. A deposit of expandable graphite under the pre-foam beads layer was observed.
  • Example 5
  • Example 5 was repeated with the exception that only 25Og of sodium silicate solution was used and no expandable graphite was added to the mix. Table 1

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Fireproofing Substances (AREA)
EP08759922.1A 2007-05-30 2008-05-22 Feuerhemmendes polystyrol Active EP2152789B1 (de)

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EP08759922.1A EP2152789B1 (de) 2007-05-30 2008-05-22 Feuerhemmendes polystyrol

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP07075407A EP1997849A1 (de) 2007-05-30 2007-05-30 Flammenhemmendes Polystyren
GB0719015A GB0719015D0 (en) 2007-09-28 2007-09-28 Fire retardant polystyrene
PCT/EP2008/056321 WO2008145599A1 (en) 2007-05-30 2008-05-22 Fire retardant polystyrene
EP08759922.1A EP2152789B1 (de) 2007-05-30 2008-05-22 Feuerhemmendes polystyrol

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EP2152789A1 true EP2152789A1 (de) 2010-02-17
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JP (1) JP5485144B2 (de)
CN (1) CN101835827B (de)
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PL (1) PL2152789T3 (de)
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WO2020233806A1 (en) 2019-05-21 2020-11-26 Kingspan Holdings (Irl) Limited Barrier, construction article and method of manufacture thereof

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WO2012146577A1 (en) 2011-04-28 2012-11-01 Ineos Styrenics International Sa Fire retardant polystyrene
WO2020233806A1 (en) 2019-05-21 2020-11-26 Kingspan Holdings (Irl) Limited Barrier, construction article and method of manufacture thereof

Also Published As

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JP2010528167A (ja) 2010-08-19
JP5485144B2 (ja) 2014-05-07
RU2009144159A (ru) 2011-07-10
CN101835827B (zh) 2014-10-22
RU2470042C2 (ru) 2012-12-20
PL2152789T3 (pl) 2016-11-30
US20100119813A1 (en) 2010-05-13
WO2008145599A1 (en) 2008-12-04
CN101835827A (zh) 2010-09-15
EP2152789B1 (de) 2016-03-09
CA2687014C (en) 2015-10-06
CA2687014A1 (en) 2008-12-04

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