EP1329495B1 - Gasodorierungsmittel - Google Patents
Gasodorierungsmittel Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP1329495B1 EP1329495B1 EP03004711A EP03004711A EP1329495B1 EP 1329495 B1 EP1329495 B1 EP 1329495B1 EP 03004711 A EP03004711 A EP 03004711A EP 03004711 A EP03004711 A EP 03004711A EP 1329495 B1 EP1329495 B1 EP 1329495B1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- gas
- acrylate
- jonol
- ethyl acrylate
- und
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 0 *c1c(*)nc(*)c(*)n1 Chemical compound *c1c(*)nc(*)c(*)n1 0.000 description 2
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/003—Additives for gaseous fuels
- C10L3/006—Additives for gaseous fuels detectable by the senses
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a gas odorizing agent.
- Acrylates A include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, isopropyl, n-butyl, isobutyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, methyl, octyl and dodecyl esters.
- mixtures of acrylic acid-C 1 -C 6 -alkyl esters are used as component A; a particularly preferred combination contains methyl acrylate and ethyl acrylate side by side.
- the acrylate mixtures For example, the lower and higher esters may each contain in the weight ratio of 9: 1 to 1: 9, preferably 7: 3 to 3: 7.
- Preferred compounds (1) are, for example, 2-methylpyrazine, 2,3-dimethylpyrazine, 2,6-dimethylpyrazine, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, tetramethylpyrazine, 2-ethylpyrazine, 2,3-diethylpyrazine, 5,2-methylethylpyrazine, 2 , 3-methylethylpyrazine, 5,2,3-methyldiethylpyrazine and 3,5,2- and 3,6,2-dimethylethylpyrazine, 2,3-methylethylpyrazine and tetramethylpyrazine are preferred.
- the nitrogen compounds B can be used in amounts of 1 to 100, preferably 30 to 100, in particular 10 to 50 parts by weight per 1000 parts by weight of A.
- the odorants can contain antioxidants for protection against undesired oxidation, as described for example in Römpp-Lexikon Chemie Version 1.3.
- the antioxidants C are preferably used in amounts of 0.01 to 5, in particular 0.05 to 2, especially 0.1 to 1 parts by weight per 1000 parts by weight of A weight.
- Preferred gas odorants may have, for example, the following compositions:
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
- Disinfection, Sterilisation Or Deodorisation Of Air (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Anti-Oxidant Or Stabilizer Compositions (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Cosmetics (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Transition And Organic Metals Composition Catalysts For Addition Polymerization (AREA)
- Liquid Carbonaceous Fuels (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Polymerisation Methods In General (AREA)
- Detergent Compositions (AREA)
Description
- Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Gasodorierungsmittel.
- Durch thermische Verfahren gewonnene Stadt- und Kokereigase enthielten intensiv riechende Komponenten und besaßen deshalb einen starken Eigengeruch, so daß austretendes Gas leicht wahrgenommen werden konnte.
- Aufgrund seiner Herkunft (Erdgas) und eines höheren Reinheitsgrades ist das heute im öffentlichen Netz verwendete Gas an sich nahezu geruchslos; wenn Leckagen nicht rechtzeitig bemerkt werden, bauen sich schnell explosionsfähige Gas/Luft-Gemische mit hohem Gefahrenpotential auf. Aus Sicherheitsgründen wird Gas deswegen durch Zusatz von Riechstoffen odoriert. So ist in Deutschland vorgeschrieben, daß alle Gase, welche keinen genügenden Eigengeruch besitzen und in der öffentlichen Gasversorgung verteilt werden (DVGW-Arbeitsblatt G 260), nach dem DVGW-Arbeitsblatt G 280 odoriert werden; DVGW = Deutscher Verein des Gas- und Wasserfaches e.V., Eschborn. Diese Odoriermittel sind auch noch in großer Verdünnung wahrnehmbar und rufen aufgrund ihres außergewöhnlich unangenehmen Geruchs wunschgemäß eine Alarmassoziation beim Menschen hervor. In Deutschland werden zur Zeit etwa 90 % des Brauchgases mit Tetrahydrothiophen (THT) odoriert (12 - 25 mg/m3); daneben ist auch noch die Odorierung mit Mercaptanen oder Thioethern üblich.
- THT und Mercaptane sind für eine zuverlässige Odorierung von Gas hervorragend geeignet. Im Zuge eines sensibleren Umgangs mit der Umwelt ist jedoch zu beachten, daß bei der Verbrennung derart odorierter Gase Schwefeldioxid als Verbrennungsprodukt anfällt - an jeder einzelnen Brennstelle nur wenig, landesweit gesehen aber einige hundert Tonnen pro Jahr. Man würde diesen Nachteil gerne überwinden, hat dabei aber eine Reihe von Forderungen zu erfüllen:
- 1. Der Geruch soll unangenehm und unverwechselbar sein (aus Küche und Haushalte geläufige Riechstoffe scheiden aus). Er soll bei Menschen, die ausgetretenes Gas riechen, eine Alarmassoziation hervorrufen.
- 2. Jede Person mit durchschnittlichem Riechvermögen und durchschnittlicher physiologischer Kondition muß den Geruch wahrnehmen können.
- 3. Die Warngeruchsstufe (= mittlere Geruchsintensivität) muß erreicht werden, bevor die Zündgrenze oder ein kinetischer Kohlenmonoxid-Gehalt erreicht ist.
- 4. Das Odoriermittel soll möglichst ungiftig sein und darf keine toxischen Verbrennungsprodukte bilden.
- 5. Das Odoriermittel soll eine hohe Flüchtigkeit aufweisen und möglichst rückstandsfrei verdampfen.
- 6. Ein geeignetes Odoriermittel darf weder bei winterlichen Temperaturen kondensieren noch sich entmischen noch an metallischen Leitungen haften.
- 7. Das Odoriermittel soll rückstandsfrei verbrennen.
- 8. Das Odoriermittel soll lagerstabil und gegenüber dem Gas sowie gegenüber den Anlagen chemisch beständig sein. Es darf weder die Korrosion fördern noch übliche Dichtungen angreifen.
- Man hat bereits Anstrengungen unternommen, neue Gasodoriermittel bereitzustellen. So wurden beispielsweise vorgeschlagen
- Alkylacrylate, Vinyl- bzw. Alkylether und deren Mischungen (
JP 76-7481 - n-Valeriansäure, gegebenenfalls in Kombination mit Ethylacrylat und/oder Triethylamin (
JP 76-34 841 - Mischungen aus Schwefelverbindungen und aliphatischem Aldehyd (
JP 78-35 562 - Cycohexen (
JP 83-42 235 - Norbornenderivate (
JP 87-1998 - gesättigte Ether, gesättigte Ester sowie deren Mischungen mit Mercaptanen.
- Es wurde nun gefunden, daß man durch Zusätze von
- A. Acrylsäure-C1-C12-, vorzugsweise -C1-C8-alkylestern,
- B. Stickstoffverbindungen und gegebenenfalls
- C. Antioxidantien
- Die Acrylsäureester A umfassen Acrylsäuremethyl-, -ethyl-, -n-propyl-, -isopropyl-, -n-butyl-, -isobutyl-, -tert.-butyl-, -pentyl-, -hexyl-, -heptyl-, -octyl- und -dodecylester. In einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform werden als Komponente A Mischungen aus Acrylsäure-C1-C6-alkylestern eingesetzt; eine besonders bevorzugte Kombination enthält nebeneinander Acrylsäuremethyl- und -ethylester. Die Acrylatmischungen können die niederen und die höheren Ester jeweils im Gewichtsverhältnis von 9:1 bis 1:9, vorzugsweise 7:3 bis 3:7 enthalten.
- Bevorzugte Stickstoffverbindungen B umfassen vor allem Verbindungen
- mit einem Flammpunkt über 20°C, vorzugsweise über 40°C (gemessen nach ISO 2719),
- mit einem Molekulargewicht von 80 bis 160, vorzugsweise 110 bis 145,
- mit einem Siedepunkt von 90 bis 210, vorzugsweise 110 bis 165°C.
-
- R1 bis R4
- unabhängig voneinander für Wasserstoff oder C1-C4-Alkyl, bevorzugt Methyl oder Ethyl stehen.
- Bevorzugte Verbindungen (1) sind z.B. 2-Methylpyrazin, 2,3-Dimethylpyrazin, 2,6-Dimethylpyrazin, 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazin, Tetramethylpyrazin, 2-Ethylpyrazin, 2,3-Diethylpyrazin, 5,2-Methylethylpyrazin, 2,3-Methylethylpyrazin, 5,2,3-Methyldiethylpyrazin und 3.5.2- sowie 3,6,2-Dimethylethylpyrazin, 2,3-Methylethylpyrazin und Tetramethylpyrazin sind bevorzugt.
- Die Stickstoffverbindungen B können in Mengen von 1 bis 100, vorzugsweise 30 bis 100, insbesondere 10 bis 50 Gewichtsteilen pro 1 000 Gewichtsteile A eingesetzt werden.
- Die Odoriermittel können zum Schutz vor unerwünschter Oxidation Antioxidantien enthalten, wie sie beispielsweise bei Römpp-Lexikon Chemie Version 1.3 beschrieben sind. Bevorzugte Antioxidantien umfassen Butylhydroxyanisol, Jonol = tert.-Butylhydroxytoluol, Hydrochinonmonomethylether und α-Tocopherol.
- Die Antioxidantien C werden bevorzugt in Mengen von 0,01 bis 5, insbesondere 0,05 bis 2, speziell 0,1 bis 1 Gewichtsteilen pro 1 000 Gewichsteile A eingesetzt.
- Bevorzugte Gasodorierungsmittel können beispielsweise folgende Zusammensetzungen besitzen:
-
Ethylacrylat 600 g Methylacrylat 360 g 5,2,3-Methyldiethylpyrazin 39 g Jonol 1 g -
Ethylacrylat 535 g Methylacrylat 400 g 2-Methylpyrazin 64 g Jonol 1 g -
Ethylacrylat 320 g Methylacrylat 637 g 3,5(6),2-Dimethylethylpyrazin 42 g Jonol 1 g -
Ethylacrylat 460 g Methylacrylat 460 g 2,6-Dimethylpyrazin 79 g Jonol 1 g -
Ethylacrylat 520 g Methylacrylat 459 g 2,3,5-Trimethylpyrazin 20 g Jonol 1 g -
Ethylacrylat 885 g Methylacrylat 100 g 2,3-Methylethylpyrazin 14 g Jonol 1 g -
Ethylacrylat 700 g Methylacrylat 274 g 2,3-Dimethylpyrazin 25 g Jonol 1 g -
Ethylacrylat 350 g Methylacrylat 600 g Tetramethylpyrazin 49 g Jonol 1 g -
Ethylacrylat 144 g Methylacrylat 800 g 2-Ethylpyrazin 56 g -
Ethylacrylat 615 g Methylacrylat 300 g 5,2-Methylethylpyrazin 85 g -
Ethylacrylat 320 g Methylacrylat 649 g 3,5(6),2-Dimethylethylpyrazin 15 g 2,3-Dimethylethylpyrazin 15 g Jonol 1 g -
Ethylacrylat 120 g Methylacrylat 807 g 2-Ethylpyrazin 30 g 5,2-Methylethylpyrazin 42 g Jonol 1 g -
Ethylacrylat 520 g Methylacrylat 434 g 2,6-Dimethylpyrazin 20 g 2,3-Methylethylpyrazin 25 g Jonol 1 g -
Ethylacrylat 320 g Methylacrylat 633 g 2,3-Diethylpyrazin 34 g 2,3-Methylethylpyrazin 12 g Jonol 1 g -
Ethylacrylat 759 g Methylacrylat 200 g 2-Methylpyrazin 30 g Tetramethylpyrazin 10 g Jonol 1 g
Claims (6)
- Gasodorierungsmittel nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mindestens zwei Acrylsäure-C1-C12-alkylester umfasst.
- Gasodorierungsmittel nach Anspruch 1, umfassend als Komponente A eine Mischung aus zwei unterschiedlichen Acrylsäure-C1-C6-alkylestern.
- Gasodorierungsmittel nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Gewichtsverhältnis der beiden Acrylsäureesterklassen 9:1 bis 1:9 beträgt.
- Gasodorierungsmittel nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Komponente B in einer Menge von 1 bis 100 Gewichtsteilen pro 1000 Gewichtsteile A vorliegt.
- Gasodorierungsmittel nach einem der vorangehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Komponente C in einer Menge von 0,01 bis 5 Gewichteilen pro 1000 Gewichtsteile A vorliegt.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19837066 | 1998-08-17 | ||
DE19837066A DE19837066A1 (de) | 1998-08-17 | 1998-08-17 | Odorierung von Gas |
EP99944331A EP1109881B1 (de) | 1998-08-17 | 1999-08-04 | Odorierung von gas |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99944331A Division EP1109881B1 (de) | 1998-08-17 | 1999-08-04 | Odorierung von gas |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP1329495A2 EP1329495A2 (de) | 2003-07-23 |
EP1329495A3 EP1329495A3 (de) | 2006-04-05 |
EP1329495B1 true EP1329495B1 (de) | 2007-10-17 |
Family
ID=7877650
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP03004711A Expired - Lifetime EP1329495B1 (de) | 1998-08-17 | 1999-08-04 | Gasodorierungsmittel |
EP99944331A Expired - Lifetime EP1109881B1 (de) | 1998-08-17 | 1999-08-04 | Odorierung von gas |
Family Applications After (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP99944331A Expired - Lifetime EP1109881B1 (de) | 1998-08-17 | 1999-08-04 | Odorierung von gas |
Country Status (23)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7108803B1 (de) |
EP (2) | EP1329495B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP3818060B2 (de) |
AT (2) | ATE376045T1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU750863B2 (de) |
BR (1) | BR9913053A (de) |
CA (1) | CA2340729C (de) |
CZ (1) | CZ296172B6 (de) |
DE (3) | DE19837066A1 (de) |
DK (2) | DK1329495T3 (de) |
EE (1) | EE200100095A (de) |
ES (2) | ES2189476T3 (de) |
HU (1) | HU227576B1 (de) |
IL (1) | IL141169A (de) |
MX (1) | MXPA01001769A (de) |
NO (1) | NO330898B1 (de) |
PL (1) | PL190984B1 (de) |
PT (1) | PT1109881E (de) |
RU (1) | RU2226207C2 (de) |
SK (1) | SK286720B6 (de) |
TR (1) | TR200100463T2 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2000011120A1 (de) |
YU (1) | YU49389B (de) |
Families Citing this family (29)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP2003201487A (ja) * | 2002-01-10 | 2003-07-18 | Toyota Motor Corp | 燃料電池用燃料ガス |
DE10235750A1 (de) * | 2002-08-05 | 2004-02-19 | Symrise Gmbh & Co. Kg | Gasodorierung mit Ketonen |
DE10235753A1 (de) * | 2002-08-05 | 2004-02-19 | Symrise Gmbh & Co. Kg | Ester zur Odorierung von Brenngasen |
DE10235756A1 (de) * | 2002-08-05 | 2004-02-19 | Symrise Gmbh & Co. Kg | Gasodorierung mit Phenolen und/oder Phenolethern |
DE10235752A1 (de) * | 2002-08-05 | 2004-02-19 | Symrise Gmbh & Co. Kg | Gasodorierung mit Carbonsäuren und Alkinen |
WO2004092054A2 (en) * | 2002-08-13 | 2004-10-28 | Enersol Inc., N.A., L.P. | Hydrogen odorants and odorant selection method |
DE10240028A1 (de) * | 2002-08-27 | 2004-03-11 | Symrise Gmbh & Co. Kg | Schwefelarme Odoriermittel für Flüssiggas |
US6820464B2 (en) | 2002-12-16 | 2004-11-23 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Odorized seals for the detection of gas leak |
US7024869B2 (en) | 2002-12-16 | 2006-04-11 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Addition of odorants to hydrogen by incorporating odorants with hydrogen storage materials |
US7192459B2 (en) | 2002-12-16 | 2007-03-20 | Air Products And Chemicals, Inc. | Addition of odorants to gases for leak detection |
DE10359743A1 (de) * | 2003-12-19 | 2005-07-14 | Symrise Gmbh & Co. Kg | Odorierung von Brenngas mit schwefelarmen Odoriermitteln |
FR2868790B1 (fr) * | 2004-04-08 | 2008-07-25 | Arkema Sa | Melange odorisant pour combustible gazeux inodore |
EP1809724A1 (de) | 2004-11-09 | 2007-07-25 | Givaudan SA | Gasodorisierungsmittel |
US20080127555A1 (en) | 2004-11-09 | 2008-06-05 | Philip Kraft | Gas Odorant |
RU2394068C2 (ru) * | 2005-05-30 | 2010-07-10 | Живодан Са | Включающий циклоалкадиен одорант газа |
FR2891841B1 (fr) * | 2005-10-11 | 2007-12-28 | Arkema Sa | Melange odorisant pour combustible gazeux inodore |
BE1016960A3 (nl) * | 2006-01-19 | 2007-11-06 | Rostyne Alexander Jozef Magdal | Verbeterde helikopter. |
FR2902798B1 (fr) * | 2006-06-26 | 2009-04-24 | Arkema France | Melange odorisant pour combustible gazeux inodore |
US8206854B2 (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2012-06-26 | Enersol Inc., N.A.L.P. | Hydrogen odorization |
MX356985B (es) * | 2013-10-01 | 2018-06-21 | Aygaz Anonim Sirketi | Odorizante de gas libre de azufre. |
CA2956623C (en) | 2014-07-30 | 2020-10-27 | Georgia-Pacific Consumer Products Lp | Air freshener dispensers, cartridges therefor, systems, and methods |
WO2018113925A1 (de) * | 2016-12-20 | 2018-06-28 | Symrise Ag | Aromamischung zur reduktion des geruchs oder geschmacks biogener amine |
FR3065375B1 (fr) | 2017-04-25 | 2019-06-28 | Arkema France | Procede d'odorisation de fluide cryogenique |
CN113956904A (zh) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-01-21 | 沈阳光正工业有限公司 | 一种可燃气体用无硫含量的气味添加剂及其制备方法 |
CN114561236B (zh) * | 2022-01-24 | 2023-06-27 | 成都小号科技有限公司 | 一种适用于可燃气体泄露警示的环保添加剂 |
CN114507552B (zh) * | 2022-01-24 | 2024-08-16 | 成都小号科技有限公司 | 一种适用于可燃气体泄露警示的低硫添加剂 |
US11712672B1 (en) | 2022-05-03 | 2023-08-01 | GPL Odorizers LLC | Accurate odorization control |
CN115057764A (zh) * | 2022-06-30 | 2022-09-16 | 辽宁厚安科技有限公司 | 一种无硫加臭剂用阻聚剂 |
CN115340848B (zh) * | 2022-07-27 | 2024-05-28 | 湖北瑞能华辉能源管理有限公司 | 具有警示作用的碳氢制冷剂及其应用 |
Family Cites Families (11)
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US3620982A (en) * | 1968-09-18 | 1971-11-16 | Int Flavors & Fragrances Inc | Perfume composition containing dihydroisocaryophyllene oxide |
JPS5134841B2 (de) | 1972-01-28 | 1976-09-29 | ||
DE2427314C3 (de) | 1974-06-06 | 1978-04-20 | Siemens Ag, 1000 Berlin Und 8000 Muenchen | Verriegelbarer Betätigungshandgriff für gekapselte Schaltgeräte mit variablem Schwenkbereich |
JPS5912386B2 (ja) * | 1974-09-19 | 1984-03-22 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | 消耗電極式自動ア−ク溶接方法とその装置 |
JPS5845005B2 (ja) | 1976-09-14 | 1983-10-06 | 日本ビクター株式会社 | 光変調の変調度安定化装置 |
JPS55104393A (en) | 1979-02-02 | 1980-08-09 | Nippon Zeon Co Ltd | Fuel gas odorant |
JPS5842235A (ja) | 1981-09-08 | 1983-03-11 | Toshiba Corp | 半導体乾式エツチング装置 |
US4487613A (en) * | 1983-09-26 | 1984-12-11 | International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. | Odorization of combustible hydrocarbon gases |
JPS621998A (ja) | 1985-06-27 | 1987-01-07 | 松本 嘉司 | シ−ルドトンネル掘削装置 |
US5321005A (en) * | 1992-12-09 | 1994-06-14 | International Flavors & Fragrances Inc. | Flavor and fragrance compositions produced using process for quantitatively and qualitatively substantially continuously analyzing the aroma emitted from a living fruit |
US6296889B1 (en) * | 1996-08-02 | 2001-10-02 | Nestec S.A. | Use of 1-nonen-3-one for aroma/flavor enhancement |
-
1998
- 1998-08-17 DE DE19837066A patent/DE19837066A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
1999
- 1999-08-04 MX MXPA01001769A patent/MXPA01001769A/es not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1999-08-04 EP EP03004711A patent/EP1329495B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-04 US US09/762,847 patent/US7108803B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-04 DE DE59904474T patent/DE59904474D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-04 DE DE59914530T patent/DE59914530D1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-04 EE EEP200100095A patent/EE200100095A/xx unknown
- 1999-08-04 TR TR2001/00463T patent/TR200100463T2/xx unknown
- 1999-08-04 PL PL346017A patent/PL190984B1/pl unknown
- 1999-08-04 JP JP2000566379A patent/JP3818060B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-04 ES ES99944331T patent/ES2189476T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-04 RU RU2001107600/04A patent/RU2226207C2/ru active
- 1999-08-04 EP EP99944331A patent/EP1109881B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-04 PT PT99944331T patent/PT1109881E/pt unknown
- 1999-08-04 AT AT03004711T patent/ATE376045T1/de active
- 1999-08-04 SK SK233-2001A patent/SK286720B6/sk not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-08-04 IL IL14116999A patent/IL141169A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-08-04 ES ES03004711T patent/ES2292868T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-04 YU YU11201A patent/YU49389B/sh unknown
- 1999-08-04 CZ CZ20010616A patent/CZ296172B6/cs not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-08-04 DK DK03004711T patent/DK1329495T3/da active
- 1999-08-04 DK DK99944331T patent/DK1109881T3/da active
- 1999-08-04 WO PCT/EP1999/005639 patent/WO2000011120A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1999-08-04 BR BR9913053-0A patent/BR9913053A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1999-08-04 CA CA002340729A patent/CA2340729C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1999-08-04 HU HU0103084A patent/HU227576B1/hu unknown
- 1999-08-04 AT AT99944331T patent/ATE233802T1/de active
- 1999-08-04 AU AU57308/99A patent/AU750863B2/en not_active Ceased
-
2001
- 2001-02-09 NO NO20010691A patent/NO330898B1/no not_active IP Right Cessation
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