EP1036275A1 - Zentrifugalkompressor mit luftgekühltem antriebsmotor - Google Patents

Zentrifugalkompressor mit luftgekühltem antriebsmotor

Info

Publication number
EP1036275A1
EP1036275A1 EP98944809A EP98944809A EP1036275A1 EP 1036275 A1 EP1036275 A1 EP 1036275A1 EP 98944809 A EP98944809 A EP 98944809A EP 98944809 A EP98944809 A EP 98944809A EP 1036275 A1 EP1036275 A1 EP 1036275A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
motor
compressor
housing portion
flow
driven
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP98944809A
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1036275A4 (de
EP1036275B1 (de
Inventor
William E. Woollenweber
Edward M. Halimi
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Honeywell International Inc
Original Assignee
Turbodyne Systems Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Turbodyne Systems Inc filed Critical Turbodyne Systems Inc
Publication of EP1036275A1 publication Critical patent/EP1036275A1/de
Publication of EP1036275A4 publication Critical patent/EP1036275A4/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1036275B1 publication Critical patent/EP1036275B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04B—POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS
    • F04B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, of pumps or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids, not otherwise provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F04B25/00 - F04B37/00
    • F04B39/06—Cooling; Heating; Prevention of freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
    • F04D29/5806—Cooling the drive system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B33/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps for charging or scavenging
    • F02B33/32—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type
    • F02B33/34—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with rotary pumps
    • F02B33/40—Engines with pumps other than of reciprocating-piston type with rotary pumps of non-positive-displacement type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F02B39/005—Cooling of pump drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
    • F02B39/02—Drives of pumps; Varying pump drive gear ratio
    • F02B39/08—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio
    • F02B39/10—Non-mechanical drives, e.g. fluid drives having variable gear ratio electric
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D25/00—Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D25/02—Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D25/06—Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/14—Structural association with mechanical loads, e.g. with hand-held machine tools or fans
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/02—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine
    • H02K9/04—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium
    • H02K9/06—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating by ambient air flowing through the machine having means for generating a flow of cooling medium with fans or impellers driven by the machine shaft
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2220/00—Application
    • F05D2220/40—Application in turbochargers

Definitions

  • This invention relates generally to motor-driven air compressors for supplying compressed air in various industrial processes, and particularly to motor-driven compressors for supplying charge air to the cylinders of internal combustion engines.
  • Motor-driven compressors currently in use in commercial internal combustion engines usually consist of a brushless electric motor mounted in a aluminum housing and driving a centrifugal air compressor wheel within an enclosing compressor casing, as indicated in Fig. 1.
  • Such motor-driven compressors are frequently located within the engine compartment of a vehicle where the surrounding environment is at a substantially elevated temperature.
  • the motor is energized from an external power source such as a battery, through an electronic controller which changes direct current from the battery to alternating current to produce a rotating magnetic field in the motor windings.
  • the rotating field surrounding motor magnets mounted on the drive shaft generates torque that rotates the compressor wheel and shaft assembly.
  • the compressor wheel induces air from the atmosphere or an air cleaner into the compressor air inlet and delivers it from the compressor casing at above-atmosphere pressure.
  • compressor motors may be temperature sensitive.
  • a temperature sensitive motor we mean a motor whose reliability may be at risk, or whose performance may be degraded, by the inability to dissipate heat generated during its operation and its resulting internal temperatures, for example, a small electric motor whose internal temperature, due to the heat generated by its winding losses and the inability to adequately dissipate the heat, may endanger the motor insulation.
  • a compact air blower assembly provided by high speed brushless electric motor comprising a stator and a rotor and rotatable shaft carried by a pair of shaft bearings, with the rotatable shaft including a shaft extension extending outwardly from one of the shaft bearings.
  • a compact air blower assembly can include a housing with a first portion carrying the electric motor and shaft bearings and a second portion forming a compressor enclosure about the shaft extension with a centrally located air inlet and a peripherally located compressed air outlet.
  • the compressor enclosure encompasses a centrifugal compressor wheel which is formed by a solid back wall extending radially outwardly from a shaft-engaging hub and a plurality of air-moving blades projecting radially and axially outward from the back wall to edge portions that radiate within the compressor enclosure between the air inlet and the air outlet.
  • the high speed brushless electric motor can rotate such a centrifugal blower wheel at high speeds to provide a flow of compressed air at its periphery.
  • This invention provides a motor-driven compressor assembly wherein a small portion of the air flowing through the centrifugal compressor is directed to the motor housing as cooling air for the motor windings and then is either exhausted to atmosphere or recirculated to the compressor air inlet. As a result, a portion of the internal heat generated in the windings is carried away, permitting a higher level of power to be produced reliably by the motor on a continuous basis and, in turn, allowing the compressor to deliver more compressed air at higher pressure to the receiving entity.
  • a motor-driven compressor of the invention comprises a motor that is carried by a motor-enclosing housing portion, a compressor wheel that is driven by the motor within a second housing portion including a pressurized portion, and means for providing a flow of cooling air for the motor from the pressurized compressor housing portion to the motor-enclosing housing portion.
  • the invention includes various means for providing a flow of cooling air to the motor housing portion.
  • a preferred embodiment of this invention allows cooling air to be taken at the periphery of the compressor wheel by an air scoop that directs a selected amount of air behind the compressor wheel for introduction into the motor housing interior through one or more holes drilled through the housing wall.
  • a conduit for the flow of cooling air can be provided between the pressurized compressor housing portion and motor-enclosing housing portion.
  • an external conduit can be connected from the pressurized compressor housing portion to the motor-enclosing housing portion, or drilled passages can extend from the pressurized compressor housing portion to the motor-enclosing housing portion to bleed air from the pressurized portion of the compressor housing portion into the motor housing portion.
  • the cooling air can be exhausted from the motor housing through a non-return check valve, or can be recirculated through an external conduit to the air inlet portion of the compressor enclosure.
  • Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a prior art motor-driven centrifugal compressor, taken at a plane through its central axis;
  • Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a preferred embodiment of a motor- driven centrifugal compressor of this invention, taken at a plane through its central axis, showing the air scoop at the periphery of the compressor wheel;
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another motor-driven centrifugal compressor of this invention, taken at a plane through its central axis, showing an alternative means for providing a flow of cooling air to the motor housing portion;
  • Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a further motor-driven centrifugal compressor of this invention, taken at a plane through its central axis, showing another means for providing a flow of cooling air to the motor housing portion;
  • Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a still further motor-driven centrifugal compressor of the invention, taken through its central axis, showing a means for recirculating the flow of cooling air from the motor housing to the compressor inlet;
  • Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of still another motor-driven centrifugal compressor of the invention, taken through its central axis, showing a small fan included in the means for providing a flow of cooling air to the motor housing portion.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a motor-driven compressor of the prior art and Figs.
  • FIGS. 2-5 illustrate motor-driven compressors of the invention including various means for providing the motor-enclosing housing portion of the compressor with a flow of compressed air for cooling its internal components.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a preferred motor-driven compressor of the invention.
  • the motor-driven compressor 10 includes a compressor wheel 11 including a back wall 11a and a plurality of radially extending compressor vanes lib.
  • Compressor wheel 11 is fastened for rotation with a rotating shaft 12 driven by an electric motor 13.
  • the electric motor 13 comprises a plurality of motor windings 14 surrounding permanent magnet assembly 15 fastened to the rotating shaft 12.
  • the motor 13 is preferably a small, high speed, brushless electric motor capable of rotating the shaft 12 at speeds in excess of 4,000 rpm and preferably in the range from 10,000 to 50,000 rpm.
  • the motor 13 is carried within a motor housing 16 which comprises a cylindrical portion 16a carrying the stator windings 14 of the motor 13 within its interior 16c and a planar wall portion 16b extending radially outwardly from the cylindrical portion 16a.
  • the cylindrical motor housing portion 16a carries a support member 22 for one of the shaft bearings at its end opposite the planar wall portion 16b. As illustrated in Fig. 2, the motor 13 is substantially enclosed by the cylindrical motor housing portion 16a and the interior of the planar wall portion 16b which supports the other shaft bearing.
  • a compressor housing 17 is carried at the periphery of the planar wall portion 16b of the motor housing 16.
  • the compressor housing 17 includes an air inlet portion 17a forming a centrally located air inlet 17b to the compressor wheel 11, and a peripheral scroll portion 17c forming a pressurized enclosure 17d for collection and transmission of the flow of compressed air leaving the periphery of the compressor wheel 11.
  • motor-driven compressor 10 includes means for providing a flow of cooling air from the pressurized compressor housing portion 17d to the interior 16c of motor-enclosing housing portion by means of an air scoop 18 that protrudes into the flow of compressed air in the compressor housing portion 17d.
  • the air scoop comprises an annular lip 18a that projects into the flow of compressed air leaving the periphery of the compression wheel 11 to intercept a small selectable portion of the flow of compressed air from the compressor wheel 11.
  • the overhanging lip 18a at the periphery of the compressor wheel 11 provides cooling air for the motor components at acceptable temperatures.
  • the amount of cooling air can be regulated by the distance the overhanging lip 18a is allowed to protrude into the compressed airflow channel 17d. Cooling air that enters the end cavity 28 can also provide cooling for the winding wire terminal 26.
  • the flow of compressed air intercepted by annular lip 18a is directed into the space 19 between the back wall 11a of the compressor wheel 11 and the front wall 16b of the motor housing 16 and flows through one or more openings 20 formed in the front wall 16b of the motor housing 16 and through the electric motor 15 and is exhausted from the motor housing 16 through an opening 23 formed in the back wall 27 of the motor housing 16 controlled by check valve 24, which may comprise a thin elastomeric diaphragm fastened to the back wall 27 of the motor housing.
  • check valve 24 may comprise a thin elastomeric diaphragm fastened to the back wall 27 of the motor housing.
  • the motor housing 16 may be like prior art motor housing in substantially every way except in the invention, the forward wall 16b of the motor housing 16 is provided with openings 20 and an air scoop 18 at the periphery of the compressor wheel 11, which may be variably formed for selecting and controlling the amount of cooling air provided through the motor housing interior 16c. As shown in Fig. 2, the openings 20 which direct the flow of cooling air into the motor housing interior 16c are preferably located to direct the flow of cooling air at the motor windings 14.
  • Fig. 3 illustrates another motor-driven compressor 30 of the invention.
  • the means for providing a flow of cooling air to the motor housing comprises at least one conduit, and preferably a plurality of conduits, leading from the pressurized compressor housing portion to the motor-enclosing housing portion.
  • the 16 can be provided with a boss or bosses 31a on its planar wall portion 31b and holes 32 can be drilled therethrough to provide an airflow pathway from the pressurized compressor housing portion 33 into the interior 31c of the motor housing 16.
  • the flow of cooling air from the pressurized portion 33 of the compressor casing is preferably directed by the passageways 32 through openings 32a at the motor windings 14.
  • the cooling air is exhausted to atmosphere through a check valve controlled opening 23, 24 in the rear wall 27 of the motor housing.
  • Fig. 4 illustrates another motor-driven compressor 40 of the invention which, like the embodiment of Fig. 3, employs an airflow conduit as means for providing a flow of cooling air to the motor housing.
  • the means for providing cooling air to the motor housing comprises a cooling air conduit formed by pipe 43 extending from the pressurized peripheral portion of the compressor casing 41 and terminating at the periphery of the motor housing 16.
  • a boss 41a is provided on compressor casing 41, and a similar boss 42 is provided on motor housing 16.
  • An external conduit or pipe 43 is connected from boss 41a to boss 42 so that cooling air can flow from the pressurized compressor housing portion 44 in the compressor casing 41 through the conduit 43 and enter the motor housing interior 45 through boss 42 and passageway 46.
  • the passageway 46 directs the flow of cooling air forwardly into the housing portion interior 45 so it may flow rearwardly through the motor windings 14 of the electric motor.
  • the flow of cooling air is exhausted from the motor-driven compressor 40 through a check valve controlled opening 23, 24 as in the embodiment of Figs. 2 and 3.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates another motor-driven compressor 50 of the invention which is identical to the motor-driven compressor 10 of Fig. 2, except for an additional means 51 for recirculating the flow of cooling air from the motor housing interior 16c to air inlet portion 17a of the compressor.
  • the means for recirculating the cooling air comprises an external pipe 52 connected at one end with a bossed opening 53 in the rear wall 54 of the motor housing 16 and terminating at its other end in a boss 57 formed at the air inlet portion 17a of the compressor housing 17.
  • the embodiment of Fig. 5 is preferred in the sense that it avoids the loss of any energy remaining in the flow of cooling air after it has passed through the motor housing 16.
  • Fig. 6 illustrates a further embodiment 60 of the invention.
  • a small fan 61 can be mounted on the rotating shaft 12 within the motor housing 16 and rotated at high speed with the rotor. Such a fan 61 can assist in urging a flow of cooling air from the pressurized compressor housing portion through the space 62 between the back wall 1 la of the compressor wheel 11 and the front wall 16b of the motor housing 16 and through holes into the motor housing interior 16c.
  • the induced cooling air flows through the motor windings 14 and through holes 62 in bearing support member 64 into end cavity 65 and is exhausted through check valve controlled opening 23, 24.
EP98944809A 1997-09-10 1998-09-08 Zentrifugalkompressor mit luftgekühltem antriebsmotor Expired - Lifetime EP1036275B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US08/926,881 US6102672A (en) 1997-09-10 1997-09-10 Motor-driven centrifugal air compressor with internal cooling airflow
US926881 1997-09-10
PCT/US1998/018732 WO1999013223A1 (en) 1997-09-10 1998-09-08 Motor-driven centrifugal air compressor with internal cooling airflow

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1036275A1 true EP1036275A1 (de) 2000-09-20
EP1036275A4 EP1036275A4 (de) 2001-09-19
EP1036275B1 EP1036275B1 (de) 2005-06-01

Family

ID=25453840

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP98944809A Expired - Lifetime EP1036275B1 (de) 1997-09-10 1998-09-08 Zentrifugalkompressor mit luftgekühltem antriebsmotor

Country Status (9)

Country Link
US (1) US6102672A (de)
EP (1) EP1036275B1 (de)
JP (2) JP2001515991A (de)
KR (1) KR100521773B1 (de)
CN (1) CN100434700C (de)
AU (1) AU9225898A (de)
BR (1) BR9811788A (de)
DE (1) DE69830420D1 (de)
WO (1) WO1999013223A1 (de)

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BR9811788A (pt) 2000-08-29
CN1281535A (zh) 2001-01-24
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US6102672A (en) 2000-08-15
CN100434700C (zh) 2008-11-19
WO1999013223A1 (en) 1999-03-18
WO1999013223B1 (en) 1999-04-29
AU9225898A (en) 1999-03-29
EP1036275A4 (de) 2001-09-19
KR100521773B1 (ko) 2005-10-17
KR20010023891A (ko) 2001-03-26
DE69830420D1 (de) 2005-07-07
EP1036275B1 (de) 2005-06-01

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