EP0894328A1 - Boite de fusibles pour vehicules a moteur - Google Patents

Boite de fusibles pour vehicules a moteur

Info

Publication number
EP0894328A1
EP0894328A1 EP97917255A EP97917255A EP0894328A1 EP 0894328 A1 EP0894328 A1 EP 0894328A1 EP 97917255 A EP97917255 A EP 97917255A EP 97917255 A EP97917255 A EP 97917255A EP 0894328 A1 EP0894328 A1 EP 0894328A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fuse
fuse box
strip
box according
housing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP97917255A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0894328B1 (fr
Inventor
Jürgen Girke
Karl-Heinz Wohlfahrt
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
BCS Automotive Interface Solutions GmbH
Original Assignee
BCS Automotive Interface Solutions GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by BCS Automotive Interface Solutions GmbH filed Critical BCS Automotive Interface Solutions GmbH
Publication of EP0894328A1 publication Critical patent/EP0894328A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0894328B1 publication Critical patent/EP0894328B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/04—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges
    • H01H85/041—Fuses, i.e. expendable parts of the protective device, e.g. cartridges characterised by the type
    • H01H85/044—General constructions or structure of low voltage fuses, i.e. below 1000 V, or of fuses where the applicable voltage is not specified
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/20—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/24—Means for preventing insertion of incorrect fuse
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/0241—Structural association of a fuse and another component or apparatus
    • H01H2085/025—Structural association with a binding post of a storage battery
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/20—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H2085/2075—Junction box, having holders integrated with several other holders in a particular wiring layout
    • H01H2085/208—Junction box, having holders integrated with several other holders in a particular wiring layout specially adapted for vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/20—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H85/2045—Mounting means or insulating parts of the base, e.g. covers, casings
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H85/00—Protective devices in which the current flows through a part of fusible material and this current is interrupted by displacement of the fusible material when this current becomes excessive
    • H01H85/02—Details
    • H01H85/20—Bases for supporting the fuse; Separate parts thereof
    • H01H85/205—Electric connections to contacts on the base

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a fuse box for motor vehicles with the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • Known fuse boxes for motor vehicles are generally accommodated in the front area of the vehicle, for example in the engine compartment or in the footwell of the vehicle interior, and are used to hold electrical fuses for the individual consumers or for the cable harnesses to be branched off from the fuse box.
  • the fuse box or the one ends of the fuses contained therein are connected to one pole of the vehicle battery, usually the positive pole, via one or more cables.
  • the other end of the fuses is connected to an outgoing cable or cable harness.
  • a fuse for the electrical protection of a consumer only the consumer in question is connected to the outgoing end of the fuse. If the fuse in question is used for the electrical protection of an entire cable harness, several consumers are usually connected to this cable harness, and each individual consumer can be secured again with a separate fuse after branching off the cable harness.
  • strip fuses which do not have their own housing and are used to protect the required high currents, in particular for securing cable runs.
  • pluggable flat fuses which are mostly used for the electrical protection of individual consumers, a replacement of such strip fuses is generally only provided by specialist personnel, since if a strip fuse is destroyed, one for a whole cable harness serious fault in the vehicle electrics is suspected, the excessive Amperages and thus melting the melting range of the fuse in question.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a fuse box for motor vehicles which reliably prevents short-circuits and the dangers caused thereby even in the event of a crash of the vehicle and which, moreover, is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and to mount in the vehicle.
  • the fuse box to be connected to the battery pole ensures that even in the event of a vehicle crash, no unintentional destruction secured cable harnesses and sparking caused thereby can occur.
  • the fuses in particular the fuses for the electrical protection of cable harnesses, are preferably designed as strip fuses, which can be produced very inexpensively.
  • one end of a plurality of strip fuses is connected to a common busbar which can be connected directly to the pole of the vehicle battery.
  • each strip fuse has two bores which are used to fasten the fuse by means of a threaded bolt and a nut.
  • the end of the strip fuse which contacts the common busbar is attached to a threaded bolt which projects through a hole in the common busbar and is securely fixed by means of a nut.
  • a spring washer is preferably inserted between the securing device and the nut, which serves to maintain a predetermined tightening torque for the nut. This is particularly necessary if the strip fuse is made of zinc, since it has been shown that the setting behavior of the material reduces the tightening torque over time, in particular when temperature cycles act on the connection between the conductor rail and the strip fuse becomes.
  • lateral abutment surfaces are provided in the housing for securing the strip security device against rotation. This has the advantage that when the nut is tightened, twisting or twisting of the strip safety device is avoided.
  • the housing is designed such that the melting area of the strip fuses is shielded by a shielding area provided in the housing. This has the advantage that when the fuse melts, no molten material reaches undesired locations within the housing.
  • the shielding area can simultaneously take over the function of a mechanical coding for the strip security to be used. In this way, in particular the use of fuses with higher nominal currents is avoided at those fuse locations which are provided for fuses with lower nominal currents. This is because fuses with larger nominal currents have a wider melting range with the same thickness than fuses with lower nominal currents.
  • that area of the housing which serves to receive a cable lug to be connected to the relevant strip fuse can be designed in such a way that mechanical coding is brought about thereby.
  • this requires that the geometric Form of the individual cable lugs at the ends of the cables to the consumers to be protected or at the ends of the cable harnesses to be protected each differentiates. In this way, the inadvertent incorrect insertion of a cable lug at a safety location not provided for this purpose is avoided.
  • the housing can have lateral openings for the lead-out of the cables in question, which essentially correspond to the diameter of the cable in question. Since cables for carrying higher currents are made thicker than cables for carrying lower currents, this also avoids the use of cables for higher currents at fuse locations for lower currents. Conversely, the use of thinner cables for lower currents in fuse locations for higher currents is immediately apparent, since in this case the cable does not seal tightly with the housing or is not held securely.
  • the abutment surfaces of the housing for securing the strip security against rotation, the shielding areas provided in the housing for the melting zones of the fuses, the fuse coding areas or the cable lug coding areas are on one in the Intermediate base insertable housing.
  • the threaded bolts can in this case simply be held captive in the housing in that the threaded areas of the threaded bolts protrude through bores in the intermediate floor and the head parts of the threaded bolts are held between the housing base and the underside of the intermediate floor.
  • the threaded bolt for holding the end of the strip fuse which is not connected to the battery pole protrudes through a spring sleeve which is captively held in the housing, preferably pressed in.
  • the spring sleeve can be pressed into a bore provided in the base.
  • the spring sleeve has a sleeve region that runs axially to the threaded part of the threaded bolt for the press-in and a radially extending collar for resilient support of the strip fuse. Due to its resilient nature, the essentially radially extending collar maintains the original tightening torque for the nut for fastening the relevant cable lug on the threaded bolt or the relevant securing end.
  • the provision of captive threaded bolts and spring sleeves results in the advantage that the fuse box can be supplied by the fuse box manufacturer with strip fuses already inserted, with no courage on the threaded bolts for fastening the fuse ends that are not connected to the battery pole to be secured ⁇ ter for holding the bolt, the fuse or the spring sleeve must be screwed on.
  • the fuse box When installing the fuse box in the vehicle, the fuse box only has to be attached to the battery and the cable lugs have to be connected to the relevant ends of the strip fuses.
  • the housing comprises a cover which can be connected to the rest of the housing in a water-tight and moisture-tight manner.
  • the cover can be connected to the rest of the housing part by means of a snap mechanism or by means of screws.
  • Figure 1 is a partially broken side view of the fuse box according to the invention.
  • FIG. 2 shows a partially sectioned top view of the fuse box according to FIG. 1;
  • FIGS. 1 and 2 shows a plan view of a strip fuse for use with the fuse box according to FIGS. 1 and 2;
  • Fig. 4 is a section along the line I-I in Fig. 2 and
  • Fig. 5 is an enlarged, partially broken away view of a portion of the fuse box of FIG. 2 in the mounted state on the vehicle battery.
  • the fuse box 1 according to the invention shown in FIG. 1 comprises a housing 3, which essentially consists of a base part 5 and a cover part 7, which at least the
  • Receiving area 9 covers for the fuses.
  • the cover part 7 is pivotally connected to the base part 5 via joints 11 and via locking locking devices 13 that can be unlocked open and close.
  • a conductor rail 15 which is preferably L-shaped for stability reasons, projects, one end of which is connected directly to the relevant pole 17 of a battery of a motor vehicle (FIG. 5).
  • the area of the fuse box 1 shown on the right in the drawings 1 and 2 and enlarged in FIG. 5 simultaneously serves to cover the relevant pole, preferably the positive pole, the battery yelled.
  • This area can of course also be formed by means of a cover, so that the relevant pole of the battery is accessible without opening the cover part or completely removing the fuse box 1, for example for connecting a starter cable.
  • a threaded bolt 21 is provided for holding each of the strip fuses 15, which, as in the case of the illustrated embodiment, can be designed as a cap screw.
  • the threaded bolt 21 projects with its threaded part through a bore 23 in the busbar 15.
  • the busbar 15 is by means of a part 25 which is connected to the bottom part 5 of the housing 3 and has a shoulder 27 which overlaps the busbar 15 , and fixed in the housing by means of an intermediate base which can be inserted into the base part 5, the intermediate base 29 likewise overlapping the busbar 15 by means of a region 29a.
  • the threaded bolt 21 is designed as a cap screw, the head of which is received in a receiving region 31 between the base part 5 and the fixed busbar 15 in this way an captive fixation of the threaded bolt 21.
  • the relevant strip safety device 19, which is shown as an individual part in an enlarged plan view in FIG. 3, has a bore 33 for being attached to the threaded bolt 21.
  • the strip fuse 19 is connected to the busbar 15 by means of a nut 35 after being attached to the threaded bolt 21, a spring washer 37 being arranged between the underside of the nut 35 and the top of the strip fuse 19. Due to its resilient nature, the spring washer 37 ensures permanent maintenance of a predetermined tightening torque or a predetermined contact pressure of the strip fuse 19 on the busbar 15.
  • the other end of the strip retainers 19 is also held in the housing 3 by means of a further threaded bolt 39, the threaded bolt 39 again being designed as a cap screw, the head of which is received in a receiving region 41 in the base part 5 of the housing 3.
  • the threaded part of the threaded bolt 39 protrudes through a bore 43 in the intermediate floor 29, as a result of which the bolt 39 is in turn captively fixed in the housing 3.
  • the intermediate base 29 can be snap-connected to the base part 5.
  • the intermediate base 29 can, however, also be firmly connected to the base part 5, for example glued. This makes it easier to ensure the tightness of the housing when the cover is closed.
  • a spring sleeve 45 is pressed into the bore 43 in the intermediate base 29 with its sleeve part which extends essentially axially to the threaded part of the threaded bolt 39. By entering press, the spring sleeve 45 is also held captively in the housing or in the intermediate base 29.
  • An upper, essentially radially extending collar of the spring sleeve 45 serves as a support for the relevant end of the strip fuse 19, the bore 33 provided in this end again being used for attaching the strip fuse 19 to the threaded bolt 39.
  • a cable lug in which a corresponding bore or recess is likewise provided, can be plugged onto the threaded bolt 39 in a manner not shown.
  • the cable lug can be mechanically fixed by means of a nut 47 shown in dashed lines in the figures and electrically connected to the strip fuse 19.
  • the collar of the spring sleeve 45 serves to maintain a predetermined tightening torque or to maintain a predetermined contact pressure of the cable lug against the strip fuse 19.
  • lateral walls 61 are again provided on the lateral areas of the strip fuse 19, which serve as stop surfaces for the sides of the strip fuse 19. This avoids twisting and twisting of the strip retainers when the nuts 35 and 47 are tightened.
  • the walls also serve at the same time to shield the melting areas 19a of the strip fuses 19. This prevents undesirable influences when a strip fuse 19 melts on the other fuses and connecting elements.
  • cable lug coding regions 49 are provided next to the bolts 39 for fastening one cable lug each, and are used to receive the relevant cable lug.
  • each coding area 49 is designed differently, so that only the cable lug with the essentially complementary outer contour can be inserted into the coding area 49 in question. In this way, an incorrect assignment of a cable lug to the associated strip fuse 19 is avoided.
  • walls 51 can be provided on the intermediate floor 29, which laterally delimit the coding regions 49 and determine the respective contour.
  • each opening 53 corresponds to the diameter of the respective cable. This can also be used to effect additional coding.
  • the openings 53 can be formed on the one hand by essentially vertically running, upwardly open slots in a side wall of the intermediate floor 29 and on the other hand by downwardly open slots in the lid part 7.
  • the fuse box 1 can be adapted to the number of strip fuses required and to the thickness of the cables or cable harnesses to be protected by means of various intermediate floors 29 and cover parts 7.
  • only the injection mold for the intermediate floor and possibly the injection mold for the cover part have to be changed accordingly.
  • the strip fuses 19 explained so far generally serve to protect cable harnesses and are generally only replaced by trained specialist personnel, since when a strip fuse with nominal currents of 100 A and more responds, there is generally a serious defect in the electrical system of the motor vehicle.
  • the fuse box 1 also serves to accommodate conventional fuses for the electrical protection of consumers, for example anti-lock braking systems, airbags, headlights, etc.
  • These fuses are provided with the reference number 55 in FIG. 2 and can usually be used ⁇ cher be designed as pluggable flat fuses.
  • These fuses are contacted in the usual way by means of connecting contacts 57 (FIG. 4), a receiving area 59 being provided on the housing 3 or on the base part 5 for receiving one or more plugs for contacting the flat fuses.
  • the cover part 7 is designed in connection with the bottom part 5 of the housing 3 in such a way that when the cover part 7 is closed, there is a water and moisture-tight seal.

Landscapes

  • Fuses (AREA)

Abstract

Cette boîte de fusibles pour véhicules à moteur comprend un boîtier (3) de réception d'au moins un fusible électrique (19, 35) pour protéger un consommateur ou une section de câble. La boîte de fusibles (1) peut être assujettie sur la batterie d'un véhicule à moteur.
EP97917255A 1996-04-19 1997-03-05 Boite de fusibles pour vehicules a moteur Expired - Lifetime EP0894328B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19615561A DE19615561C2 (de) 1996-04-19 1996-04-19 Sicherungsbox für Kraftfahrzeuge
DE19615561 1996-04-19
PCT/DE1997/000414 WO1997040510A1 (fr) 1996-04-19 1997-03-05 Boite de fusibles pour vehicules a moteur

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0894328A1 true EP0894328A1 (fr) 1999-02-03
EP0894328B1 EP0894328B1 (fr) 2000-05-17

Family

ID=7791799

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP97917255A Expired - Lifetime EP0894328B1 (fr) 1996-04-19 1997-03-05 Boite de fusibles pour vehicules a moteur

Country Status (11)

Country Link
US (1) US6396380B1 (fr)
EP (1) EP0894328B1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH11509961A (fr)
KR (1) KR100307832B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1134038C (fr)
AU (1) AU2566697A (fr)
BR (1) BR9708586A (fr)
DE (2) DE19615561C2 (fr)
ES (1) ES2146092T3 (fr)
PT (1) PT894328E (fr)
WO (1) WO1997040510A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP0894328B1 (fr) 2000-05-17
AU2566697A (en) 1997-11-12
CN1216633A (zh) 1999-05-12
WO1997040510A1 (fr) 1997-10-30
CN1134038C (zh) 2004-01-07
US6396380B1 (en) 2002-05-28
DE19615561C2 (de) 1998-12-10
DE59701722D1 (de) 2000-06-21
JPH11509961A (ja) 1999-08-31
DE19615561A1 (de) 1997-10-23
ES2146092T3 (es) 2000-07-16
KR19990087456A (ko) 1999-12-27
PT894328E (pt) 2000-10-31
KR100307832B1 (ko) 2001-11-02
BR9708586A (pt) 1999-08-03

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