EP0804316B1 - Outil pour le traitement mecanique de surfaces - Google Patents

Outil pour le traitement mecanique de surfaces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0804316B1
EP0804316B1 EP95920077A EP95920077A EP0804316B1 EP 0804316 B1 EP0804316 B1 EP 0804316B1 EP 95920077 A EP95920077 A EP 95920077A EP 95920077 A EP95920077 A EP 95920077A EP 0804316 B1 EP0804316 B1 EP 0804316B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fleece
tool according
ring
cut
tool
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP95920077A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0804316A1 (fr
Inventor
Théo Arnold
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
LIPPERT-UNIPOL GmbH
Original Assignee
Heinrich Lippert GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE9417186U external-priority patent/DE9417186U1/de
Application filed by Heinrich Lippert GmbH filed Critical Heinrich Lippert GmbH
Publication of EP0804316A1 publication Critical patent/EP0804316A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0804316B1 publication Critical patent/EP0804316B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
    • B24D11/02—Backings, e.g. foils, webs, mesh fabrics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D13/00—Wheels having flexibly-acting working parts, e.g. buffing wheels; Mountings therefor
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
    • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
    • D04H1/44—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling
    • D04H1/46—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres
    • D04H1/492—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties the fleeces or layers being consolidated by mechanical means, e.g. by rolling by needling or like operations to cause entanglement of fibres by fluid jet

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a made of a cut nonwoven fabric assembled tool for mechanical surface treatment of an object by rubbing to For example brushing, polishing, shining, cleaning, wetting or drying the surface of the object.
  • the mechanical surface treatment takes place especially for processing of numerous products made of metal, wood, Stone, glass, leather, plastic and the like such as Example of kitchen appliances, cutlery, fittings, frames, Profile bars, industrial parts, jewelry or musical instruments as well as for the maintenance and care of floors, Walls, glass panes, tiles and the like application.
  • the surface treatment takes place, for example, during polishing in several steps using different stages Tools or tool configurations, which an increasingly finer surface due to the selected grading produce.
  • These tools consist of polishing rings, for example or disks, which consist of several layers of fabric put together and generally on a common axis of rotation or a clamping ring are arranged.
  • polishing rings it will woven fabrics folded into bands, ring-shaped around one Core, which consists of cardboard rings or flanges or one Metal clamping ring exists, and attached to or with it.
  • For Buffing wheels cut fabric layers are placed on top of each other and z. B. twisted by an angle of 30 °, sewn and held together by attached cardboard flanges.
  • That too fabric used for this purpose is general, in particular but for polishing, a cotton fabric.
  • a cotton fabric for the First polishing can also be made of stiffer fiber, e.g. B. sisal can be used.
  • Certain polishing rings or - can also be made from a mixture of cotton and Be made sisal fabric.
  • the polishing rings or discs can optionally be impregnated with a resin used as a binder to increase their strength.
  • the polishing ring becomes a pleating of the fabric bands automatically ventilated during rotation; he receives the necessary flexibility to make the part to be polished better envelop, and forms honeycombs on the periphery, which the Pick up polishing pastes. Polishing pastes are used because of their Ability to grind and lubricate when polishing surfaces always needed.
  • Non-woven polishing tools are rarely used.
  • the FR-PS 1 426 721 describes, for example, a polishing or Non-woven abrasive material made of synthetic permed filaments. This will be an adhesive with or without abrasive particles on those under tension Filaments applied. If the voltage is interrupted, the fibers intertwine and are then heat-set. The fleece thus obtained becomes an annular one Polishing tool cut and processed.
  • the FR-PS 2 310 838 also describes polishing rings, which consist of several Fleece layers exist. The disordered fibers of this fleece are at their intersection points using a resin connected.
  • From EP-A-0 178 577 is one with grinding or polishing paste equipped felt body, in particular felt ring, for polishing and Known grinding work, which for the permanent integration of Abrasive or polishing grains in the felt at least 35% wool or contains similar hair elements and in which in Cavities of the tangle of abrasive or polishing grains Grain size below 1,000 microns are included.
  • the felt body should be treated with a stiffness, the proportion of Stiffness additives of the felt body is at least 40%.
  • Stiffening additives serve, for example, water-soluble, thermoplastic Additives with a dry matter content of 20 to 50% Polyvinyl acetate dispersions. The resulting stiffness of the felt body makes it unsuitable for many applications.
  • the object of the present invention is a tool to create the type mentioned, which while avoiding the aforementioned drawbacks with ease of manufacture and long service life a reliable usability, especially for objects with uneven surfaces, having.
  • This task is the beginning of a reaming tool mentioned type according to the invention solved in that the fleece an exclusively mechanically consolidated flexible, under the treatment pressure, the immersion and at least in some areas Wrapping the object permitting random fiber fleece with a mechanical strength of 150 to 500 N / 500 mm and an average elongation at break of 50 to 150% according to DIN 53 857/2 is.
  • the grinding or polishing paste can be used for surface treatment added separately depending on requirements and consumption become; it contains the need to grind or To hold polishing grains in the nonwoven.
  • the flexibility and immersion behavior of the tool can be further optimized by making the fleece a Falling ability, i.e. a case coefficient D according to DIN 54 306 between about 70 and 90%.
  • the mechanical formation of fleece occurs either through the known needling processes or by means of a Liquid and / or gas jet, creating a surprising stable and for the purpose of the invention
  • Particularly suitable random fiber fleece is formed, which Requirements for a tool for mechanical surface treatment especially by rubbing with a long service life Well liked.
  • Water can preferably be used as the liquid and / or air is preferably used as the gas. Both As with needle technology, methods lead to one Binder-free fiber composite, water as liquid has the advantage that it escapes completely when drying.
  • the fibers forming the fleece can be more natural, more artificial or synthetic and unmixed in the fleece or are mixed.
  • Natural vegetable fibers for example cotton, linen, hemp or sisal, as natural animal fibers wool, mohair and silk, as artificial fibers viscose, mineral, ceramic, coal and Metal fibers, and as synthetic fibers those made of polyester, Polyamide, polypropylene, polyimide, acrylic and aramid. Fibers can also be used with advantage are filled with mineral substances. This allows the Material removal can be improved. Due to the abrasive effect Such fibers have a positive polishing effect on the fleece influenced.
  • the fleece has a Contains share of binding fibers, which under the influence of heat connected at their crossing points have been, can be another mechanical consolidation of the fiber structure can be achieved, without using a liquid, hardenable binder must be, which leads to an undesirable stiffening of the Fibers would lead. Such a heat setting will does not affect the flexibility of the individual fibers.
  • the binder fibers have a lower melting point than that remaining fibers.
  • Cut-to-length fibers are preferably used between about 10 and 100 mm and their titer between about 0.02 and 150 dtex.
  • the density and thickness of the fleece can be determined during the formation of the fleece by means of a liquid jet by means of a pressure of the liquid used which can be regulated between approximately 5 and 230 bar.
  • the nozzles generating the liquid jets used for the nonwoven fabric preferably have a diameter between approximately 80 and 140 x 10 -6 m.
  • the nonwoven also preferably has a basis weight between approximately 50 and 500 g / m 2 and a thickness between approximately 0.3 and 5 mm.
  • the fleece can be used, for example, as a folded ring, flat disc, Bulk, roll, roller, tape or brush can be designed to to meet certain application conditions.
  • the fleece can have the shape of a ring that at least one cut from at least one nonwoven layer There is a band that is folded radially around one fixed core and is fixed there.
  • the fleece is made in the form of a ring at least one cut from at least one nonwoven layer Band exists, which is wavy folded around a fixed core and is fixed there.
  • the fleece is in shape a ring of at least one of at least one Non-woven layer cut tape exists, which is folded and / or held together by a central tension ring is.
  • the nonwoven in Form a ring from at least two from at least one Fleece layer cut and superimposed slices consists of middle pieces and / or stitching are held together.
  • the fleece can be shaped into individual slats single or multi-layer tape sections on a belt-shaped endless straps attached.
  • the finished and possibly already assembled fleece for the purpose of Reduction of wear or flammability or to Purpose of improving paste adhesion, abrasive Behavior, the surface attack, the service life, the Liquid absorption, the liquid repellency, the antistatic effect or the like with accordingly equip selected substances.
  • the following essential devices Opener with mixing chamber 20 for fiber bales for production a loose homogeneous fill, weighing metering device 30, Card 40, spreading machine 50, blasting system 60 for the mechanical binding of the fibers to a random fiber fleece 11, Drying oven 70 and winder 80.
  • the needling process working production line will replace the Blasting machine 60 used a needle machine.
  • the fiber bales are opened in the opener 20. It deals preferably cut to length fibers more natural, more artificial or synthetic with a length between about 10 and 100 mm and a titer between about 0.02 and 150 dtex.
  • the opener 20 can with its connected mixing chamber Process fibers of the same or different types. In the Mixing chamber can homogenize similar fibers or Mixtures made from different types of fibers become. Accordingly, one or more of the same kind Bales or several dissimilar bales are used.
  • the weighing metering device 30 supplies the card 40, which converts the loose fibers into a fibrous web in which the fibers have been straightened.
  • the mass per unit area of the fiber web is predetermined and regulated by the amount of fibers supplied by the weighing metering device 30. This value can e.g. B. vary between about 5 and 10 g / m 2 .
  • the fiber web is then layered on a conveyor belt in layers by means of the spreading machine 50, which together form a nonwoven fabric 51.
  • the basis weight of the nonwoven fabric 51 is between approximately 50 and 500 g / m 2 .
  • the fiber fleece 51 then runs through the blasting system 60 or, alternatively, the needle machine for the production of a binder-free random fiber fleece 11.
  • the liquid jet method is more economical up to a mass per unit area of 150 g / m 2 , and the needle method above.
  • the liquid jet nonwoven manufacturing process is e.g. B. from FR-PS 1 460 513 known per se.
  • the blasting system 60 consists of two rows of injection nozzles 61, which the front, respectively. apply high pressure to the back of the non-woven fabric 51 to produce the non-woven fabric. Depending on the desired bond strength, a single row of nozzles is sufficient.
  • the openings of the injection nozzles 61 can have a diameter of approximately 80 to 140 ⁇ 10 -6 m and are fed with water, the pressure of which is between approximately 5 and 230 bar.
  • the sharp reduction in thickness leads to a significant increase in the density of the fleece 11, which is then, for example, between about 0.1 and 0.5 g / cm 3 .
  • the density is essentially determined by the jet pressure.
  • the fleece 11 then passes through the dryer 70, in which moisture residues are removed.
  • the dryer 70 can be, for example, a warm air blower, drum, high-frequency or microwave dryer. After drying, the fleece 11 is rolled up with the winder 80.
  • the fleece 11 produced in this way has very good mechanical properties Properties and a process-related high mechanical Fiber cohesion based on hydrogen bonding.
  • the fleece 11 can be processed like a conventional fabric.
  • the tools forming the subject of this invention will be manufactured using the new non-woven material.
  • the manufacturing process is u. a. simplified by the fact that Biaizing is eliminated.
  • High quality tools are created since the random fiber fleece produced and used according to the invention a good abrasive paste absorption capacity and a has permanent abrasive paste adhesion.
  • the one with them achievable surface quality is improved because hard Biaic seams are missing. Due to even lower Wear is increased.
  • Figures 2a to g show various tools in the form of a fold ring (Fig. 2a to c) in the form of flat discs (Fig. 2d), in the form of lamellar discs (Fig. 2e) and in tape form (Fig. 2f and 2g).
  • a Ring 101 (Fig. 2a) consists, for example, of a folded one Non-woven tape 102, which is flat in several layers around a core placed and fastened with two attached cardboard flanges 103 becomes. This design is characterized by great adaptability to different machining contours, an effective one Self-ventilation during rotation, a good surface attack and an optimal wrapping. The one shown in Fig.
  • Fold ring 110 is made up of several superimposed, wavy folded non-woven tapes 111 made, which wrapped around a core and between two attached cardboard rings 112 are attached.
  • This design shows a good one Dimensional stability and high strength.
  • the in Fig. Fold ring 120 shown in FIG. 2c consists of a fleece band 121, which is wound in multiple layers and by constriction gathered and by a tension ring with metal hook 123 is fixed. This design has good self-ventilation, high dimensional stability and an effective surface attack on.
  • the flat disc 130 shown in FIG. 2d consists of cut individual disks 131, which superimposed and by means of concentric quilting seams 132 are interconnected. The middle is sewn on or pinned cardboard flanges 133 reinforced.
  • the tool 140 shown in Fig. 2e consists of individual Fleece lamellae 141, round on one side cylindrical, conical or plate-shaped core 142 preferably by gluing but also by quilting or riveting individually or in packages 143, which are also folded 144 in a U-shape and can be arranged with or without a distance 145, are attached.
  • the tools 150 and 160 shown in FIGS. 2f and 2g consist of a belt-shaped endless support 151 or 161, on which a fleece tape 152 folded in several layers (Fig. 2f) or individual fleece lamella 162 or lamella packets 163, which can also be folded in a U-shape 164, by Quilting 165 and / or gluing and / or riveting (Fig. 2g) are attached.
  • FIG. 3a and 3b show two polishing rings after use. Both rings have the configuration of Fig. 2c, where the first (Fig. 3a) in a conventional way from a cotton, tissue and the second (Fig. 3b) in execution of the invention from one Cotton fleece is made. It is striking evenly radial wear of the second ring compared to the first. With a needle or liquid jet The random fiber fleece produced is the radial wear in the Contrary to a woven material regularly. thanks to this Feature, the second ring can be used longer than the first, whose irregularly frayed contour the Polishing quality affected.
  • the first layer (Fig. 4a) is made in a conventional manner Cotton fabric and the second layer (Fig. 4b) in an embodiment of the invention made from a cotton fleece. It can be seen that the first layer (Fig. 4a) shows clear signs of wear in the form of a strong defibrillation, which leads to a complete change in geometry while the second Location (Fig. 4b) only a slight regular defibrillation shows.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Polishing Bodies And Polishing Tools (AREA)
  • Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
  • Turning (AREA)
  • Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
  • Chemical Or Physical Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)

Claims (11)

  1. Outil monté constitué d'une nappe fibreuse découpée pour le traitement mécanique de surfaces d'un objet par frottement, par exemple pour le brossage, le polissage, le lustrage, le nettoyage, le mouillage ou le séchage de la surface de l'objet, caractérisé en ce que la nappe (11) est une nappe fibreuse embrouillée souple fabriquée de façon exclusivement mécanique sans agent tant et permettant l'enfoncement dans et l'enrobage de l'objet au moins en partie sous la pression de traitement, avec une résistance mécanique de 150 à 500 N/50 mm et un allongement à la rupture en moyenne de 50 à 150% selon la norme DIN 53 857/2.
  2. Outil selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la nappe fibreuse (11) présente une capacité de chute, c.à.d un coefficient de chute D selon la norme DIN 54 306, entre environ 70 et 90%.
  3. Outil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la nappe fibreuse (11) présente des fibres naturelles, artificielles ou synthétiques et/ou des fibres remplies de substances minérales lesquelles sont mélangées ou non à la nappe (11).
  4. Outil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la nappe fibreuse (11) contient une proportion de fibres liantes qui ont été reliées à leurs points de croisement sous l'effet de la chaleur.
  5. Outil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la nappe fibreuse (11) contient une proportion de fibres rétractiles qui se contractent sous l'effet de la chaleur et qui restent à l'état contracté après refroidissement.
  6. Outil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que les fibres formant la nappe fibreuse (11) sont des fibres coupées dont la longueur est d'environ 10 à 100 mm et dont le titre se situe entre 0,02 et 150 dtex.
  7. Outil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la nappe fibreuse (11) présente une masse surfacique entre environ 50 et 500 g/m2 et/ou que la densité de la nappe (11) se situe entre environ 0,1 et 0,5 g/cm3.
  8. Outil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'épaisseur de la nappe fibreuse (11) se situe entre environ 0,3 et 5,0 mm.
  9. Outil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la nappe fibreuse (11) est formée d'une ou de plusieurs couches comme un anneau plissé, un disque plat, un godage, un rouleau, un cylindre, une bande ou une brosse.
  10. Outil selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que la nappe fibreuse (11) a la forme d'un anneau (101) composé d'au moins une bande (102) coupée à partir d'au moins une couche de nappe fibreuse, cette bande étant plissée et placée radialement autour d'un noyau fixe et qu'elle y est fixée (figure 2a) et/ou en ce que la nappe fibreuse (11) en forme d'anneau (110) est composée d'au moins une bande (111) coupée à partir d'au moins une couche de nappe fibreuse, laquelle est pliée de façon ondulée, placée autour d'un noyau fixe et qu'elle y est fixée (figure 2b) et/ou en ce que la nappe fibreuse (11) en forme d'anneau (120) est composée d'au moins une bande (121) coupée à partir d'au moins une couche de nappe fibreuse, laquelle est plissée et/ou froncée et maintenue par un anneau tendeur (figure 2c) et/ou en ce que la nappe fibreuse (11) en forme d'anneau (130) est composée d'au moins deux disques coupés à partir d'au moins une couche de nappe fibreuse et superposés, lesquels sont maintenus ensemble par des pièces intermédiaires (133) et/ou des coutures piquées (132) (figure 2d) et/ou en ce que la nappe fibreuse (11) en forme de découpes de bandes d'une ou plusieurs couches formées en lamelles (141) est fixée sur un noyau rond (142) cylindrique, en forme de cône ou d'assiette (figure 2e) et/ou en ce que la nappe fibreuse (11) par exemple plissée peut être entraínée sur une courroie d'entraínement de poules en forme de courroie (figures 2f et 2g) et/ou en ce que la nappe fibreuse (11) en forme de bande (152) plissée en une ou plusieurs couches ou en forme de découpe de bandes d'une ou plusieurs couches formées en lamelles (162) est fixée sur un support (161) sans fin en forme de courroie (figures 2f et 2g).
  11. Outil selon l'une des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que la nappe fibreuse (11) est munie de l'effet antistatique ou d'un effet similaire afin de réduire l'usure ou l'inflammabilité ou afin d'améliorer l'adhérence de la pâte, le comportement abrasif, la prise de surface, la durée de service, l'absorption des liquides, la capacité de répulsion du liquide.
EP95920077A 1994-09-26 1995-05-24 Outil pour le traitement mecanique de surfaces Expired - Lifetime EP0804316B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE9415441 1994-09-26
DE9415441U 1994-09-26
DE9417186U DE9417186U1 (de) 1994-09-26 1994-10-26 Werkzeug für die mechanische Oberflächenbehandlung
DE9417186U 1994-10-26
PCT/EP1995/001978 WO1996009915A1 (fr) 1994-09-26 1995-05-24 Outil pour le traitement mecanique de surfaces

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0804316A1 EP0804316A1 (fr) 1997-11-05
EP0804316B1 true EP0804316B1 (fr) 1999-10-13

Family

ID=25962476

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95920077A Expired - Lifetime EP0804316B1 (fr) 1994-09-26 1995-05-24 Outil pour le traitement mecanique de surfaces

Country Status (18)

Country Link
US (1) US5989113A (fr)
EP (1) EP0804316B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3146261B2 (fr)
CN (1) CN1076652C (fr)
AT (1) ATE185507T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU702066B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR9509157A (fr)
CA (1) CA2200976A1 (fr)
CZ (1) CZ74397A3 (fr)
DK (1) DK0804316T3 (fr)
ES (1) ES2139902T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI971185A0 (fr)
GR (1) GR3032309T3 (fr)
HU (1) HU218811B (fr)
PL (1) PL178324B1 (fr)
PT (1) PT804316E (fr)
RU (1) RU2147506C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1996009915A1 (fr)

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US6524164B1 (en) * 1999-09-14 2003-02-25 Applied Materials, Inc. Polishing pad with transparent window having reduced window leakage for a chemical mechanical polishing apparatus
US6713413B2 (en) 2000-01-03 2004-03-30 Freudenberg Nonwovens Limited Partnership Nonwoven buffing or polishing material having increased strength and dimensional stability
DE20004553U1 (de) * 2000-03-07 2000-09-28 Vliestec Ag Bastfaservliesstoff
EP1752574A1 (fr) 2000-06-01 2007-02-14 Polymer Group, Inc. Un non-tissé destine a des applications de polissage
AU2001265269A1 (en) * 2000-06-01 2001-12-11 Polymer Group, Inc. Method of making nonwoven fabric for buffing applications
DE10042109C2 (de) * 2000-08-28 2003-07-03 M & F Entw & Patentverwertungs Polierwerkzeug
US6595843B1 (en) 2000-10-31 2003-07-22 Jason Incorporated Buffing tools and methods of making
JP3901939B2 (ja) * 2000-12-05 2007-04-04 帝人コードレ株式会社 研磨用基布および研磨方法
GB0411467D0 (en) * 2004-05-22 2004-06-23 Ball Burnishing Mach Tools A tapered applicator for treating and cleaning surfaces
JP4498407B2 (ja) 2006-12-22 2010-07-07 キヤノン株式会社 プロセスカートリッジ、電子写真画像形成装置、及び、電子写真感光体ドラムユニット
JP4948382B2 (ja) 2006-12-22 2012-06-06 キヤノン株式会社 感光ドラム取り付け用カップリング部材
JP5311854B2 (ja) 2007-03-23 2013-10-09 キヤノン株式会社 電子写真画像形成装置、現像装置、及び、カップリング部材
JP4558083B2 (ja) 2008-06-20 2010-10-06 キヤノン株式会社 カートリッジ、前記カートリッジの組立て方法、及び、前記カートリッジの分解方法
CN102343561B (zh) * 2011-09-27 2016-03-09 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 木制品异型砂光用条状刷式砂带及其柔化处理方法
CN102328259A (zh) * 2011-10-26 2012-01-25 中国科学院光电技术研究所 光学元件超光滑表面的抛光装置
JP6025486B2 (ja) * 2012-10-06 2016-11-16 ユニチカ株式会社 円盤状研磨バフの製造方法
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FI971185A (fi) 1997-03-21
GR3032309T3 (en) 2000-04-27
JPH10506062A (ja) 1998-06-16
AU2566695A (en) 1996-04-19
US5989113A (en) 1999-11-23
PL178324B1 (pl) 2000-04-28
CN1076652C (zh) 2001-12-26
FI971185A0 (fi) 1997-03-21
HU218811B (hu) 2000-12-28
ATE185507T1 (de) 1999-10-15
JP3146261B2 (ja) 2001-03-12
CA2200976A1 (fr) 1996-04-04
CZ74397A3 (en) 1997-08-13
AU702066B2 (en) 1999-02-11
PL319628A1 (en) 1997-08-18
WO1996009915A1 (fr) 1996-04-04
HUT77143A (hu) 1998-03-02
EP0804316A1 (fr) 1997-11-05
CN1158583A (zh) 1997-09-03
ES2139902T3 (es) 2000-02-16
PT804316E (pt) 2000-04-28
BR9509157A (pt) 1997-10-14
DK0804316T3 (da) 2000-05-08
RU2147506C1 (ru) 2000-04-20

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