EP0801881A1 - Procede permettant de faire fonctionner au moins une lampe a fluorescence au moyen d'un ballast electronique et ballast electronique utilise a cet effet - Google Patents

Procede permettant de faire fonctionner au moins une lampe a fluorescence au moyen d'un ballast electronique et ballast electronique utilise a cet effet

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Publication number
EP0801881A1
EP0801881A1 EP95925814A EP95925814A EP0801881A1 EP 0801881 A1 EP0801881 A1 EP 0801881A1 EP 95925814 A EP95925814 A EP 95925814A EP 95925814 A EP95925814 A EP 95925814A EP 0801881 A1 EP0801881 A1 EP 0801881A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
circuit
control
mon
electronic ballast
lamp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP95925814A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0801881B1 (fr
Inventor
Peter Krummel
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Siemens AG
Original Assignee
Siemens AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Application filed by Siemens AG filed Critical Siemens AG
Priority to EP95925814A priority Critical patent/EP0801881B1/fr
Publication of EP0801881A1 publication Critical patent/EP0801881A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
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Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/282—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • H05B41/298—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2981—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S315/00—Electric lamp and discharge devices: systems
    • Y10S315/07—Starting and control circuits for gas discharge lamp using transistors

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating at least one fluorescent lamp with the aid of an electronic ballast according to the preamble of patent claim 1 and to a correspondingly designed electronic ballast itself according to the preamble of patent claim 6.
  • Fully electronic ballasts have therefore largely become established and are known in a large number of single solutions.
  • Fully electronic ballasts are advantageous universal devices to be used for common mains alternating voltages in a relatively wide tolerance range, a wide range of permissible mains frequencies and finally even for direct voltage supply.
  • a major problem with electronic ballasts is based on the fact that lamp tolerances must be taken into account and that malfunctions in lamp operation can occur in different forms due to different causes and must be detected reliably. For example, a fluorescent lamp that has become leaky behaves completely differently from an aged one during operation Fluorescent lamp with increased filament resistance due to the aging process and again to be distinguished from disturbances due to a filament breakage that has occurred.
  • the fault must be clearly identified as an error which jeopardizes the electronic ballast, possibly even the load circuit with the defective fluorescent lamp, and the control for the defective fluorescent lamp must be deactivated.
  • short-term faults occurring in the supply network can also influence lamp operation, in which case the lamp current must be limited to permissible values; on the other hand, such short-term faults should not lead to the lamp being switched off.
  • the present invention is therefore based on the object of providing a method of the type mentioned at the outset which, in normal lamp operation, enables simple and safe regulation of the power converted in the load circuit containing the at least one fluorescent lamp to a constant value with the fluorescent lamp, at the same time as a higher-level monitoring of the lamp function all states in unstable areas, d. H. allowed to be clearly evaluated when starting the lamp, but also in the case of the various faults, and in the event of a persistent fault which endangers the electric lamp circuit, to cause this lamp circuit to be reset, which may automatically restart the lamp circuit after the fault has been remedied allows. Furthermore, the present invention is based on the object of creating an electronic ballast of the type mentioned at the outset which can be used in such a manner
  • the solution according to the invention provides for normal combustion operation that the half-bridge circuit comprising two power transistors upstream of the load circuit containing the at least one fluorescent lamp is controlled via a first control circuit, which keeps the power converted in the load circuit constant at a predetermined value.
  • a second control loop is provided, superordinate to this control loop, which is in a waiting state during stationary combustion operation. It is only activated from this maintenance condition due to a, possibly also brief, disturbance of the stationary operation, recognizable by increased lamp current. fourth.
  • the monitoring function triggered in this way takes place on the basis of a predetermined time grid, in which specific lamp current values are determined in successive time sections and finally it is determined whether the fault that has occurred - endangering the lamp circuit - to reset the electronic ballast and thus also that Control of the load circuit must lead.
  • the same higher-level control loop is also used to regulate and monitor the lamp current during lamp start-up, regardless of whether this lamp start is normal, ie the connected lamp ignites normally or in the event of a faulty fluorescent lamp. It is particularly advantageous here that monitoring states can be set in a defined manner with an easily implemented time grid consisting of only a few time segments, in which the current lamp current can be clearly assessed with regard to an error that has occurred.
  • the lamp current for example in the preheating phase is limited to a low value which protects the filaments of the fluorescent lamp, but on the other hand a higher ignition current with a predetermined peak value corresponding to a maximum permissible ignition voltage is closely tolerated in the ignition phase set and finally, even in the event of a fault, to permissible values even during the monitoring phase when the electronic ballast has not yet been reset to permissible values which cannot yet endanger the entire lamp circuit.
  • this solution enables the electronic ballast to also be used universally, since the corresponding boundary conditions for multi-lamp operation or the corresponding control levels in the monitoring circuit, but also the actual control for the power transistors, are in hand also one
  • FIG. 1 shows a block diagram for an electronic ballast designed according to the invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a further circuit detail of a second embodiment
  • FIG. 3 in the form of pulse diagrams, the functional sequence with a normal lamp start
  • FIG. 4 shows a malfunction based on the pulse diagrams corresponding to FIG. 3, in which the connected fluorescent lamp does not ignite properly within a predetermined period of time and the electronic ballast is consequently reset and
  • FIG. 5 using appropriate pulse diagrams, the evaluation of a disturbance that occurred during the operation of the fluorescent lamp that had been normal until then.
  • FIG. 1 shows an electronic ballast for operating one or possibly several fluorescent lamps and the actual load circuit with the fluorescent lamp FL.
  • Electronic ballasts are known to limit the radio interference voltage via a high-frequency filter HF to the AC network, here denoted by L, N.
  • a rectifier bridge GL At the output of the high-frequency filter HF there is a rectifier bridge GL, which supplies an unsmoothed DC voltage.
  • the rectifier bridge GL which supplies an unsmoothed DC voltage.
  • Rectifier bridge a charging inductor L1 is provided, which is connected to a charging diode Dl.
  • the charging reactor L1 is periodically charged via a first power transistor VI, which is also connected to its output. This first power transistor VI is controlled via a control and
  • Control circuit which is designed here in particular as an integrated circuit IC and will still be described in detail. Put simply, this control and regulating circuit in electronic ballasts has one task, the charging choke Ll, depending on the current one
  • a second function is to regulate the voltage occurring at the cathode output of the charging diode D1, the so-called intermediate circuit voltage, to a constant value with a small fluctuation range, in order to control the electronic Ballast to achieve load and mains voltage independence.
  • electronic ballasts usually have a self-oscillating inverter with a half-bridge circuit, which is implemented here by two further power transistors V2 and V3 located in a series circuit on the charging diode D1.
  • the load circuit is connected to the common connection point of these two further power transistors with at least one fluorescent lamp FL.
  • a saturation choke L2 is provided in series with the fluorescent lamp FL
  • an ignition capacitor Cz is connected in parallel with the fluorescent lamp FL in this exemplary embodiment.
  • All of the control functions of the electronic ballast are essentially implemented in the control and regulating circuit already mentioned, which is designed as an integrated circuit IC.
  • this integrated circuit IC each has a driver circuit HSD or LSD, which in turn are each connected to two mutually inverse outputs of a selection circuit SEL.
  • the driver circuit HSD includes a potential-bridging level converter, which transfers the control signal to the high potential of the power transistor V2. This has a switch-on input EN to activate or deactivate it, as will be explained in detail later.
  • the selection circuit SEL is supplied with a pulse train which controls it in the manner of a flip-flop, with the special feature that the power transistors V2 and V3 activated via the driver circuits HSD and LSD are alternatively, but offset by a defined dead time, advertised .
  • This controlling pulse sequence is supplied by a controlled oscillator CCO, which has three setting inputs to which a first setting resistor Rf, a second setting resistor RK or a setting capacitor Cf against ground - or also against a defined reference voltage (in the further description) is always spoken of here as an example) - are connected.
  • the adjusting resistor RK and the adjusting capacitor Cf determine the lower and the upper limit frequency of the current-controlled oscillator CCO in this example.
  • the predetermined dead time of the power transistors V2 and V3 can be set via the dimensioning of the adjusting resistor Rf.
  • the controlling input information for the current-dependent controlled oscillator CCO supplies the output information of a first operational amplifier OPR, which is low-pass filtered via a further ohmic resistor Rc or a further capacitor Cc.
  • a reference voltage Vref is generated internally in the integrated circuit IC.
  • the first operational amplifier OPR compares this reference voltage with a second input voltage, which corresponds to the mean value of the current flowing through the power transistors V2 or V3 of the half-bridge circuit.
  • this second input of the operational amplifier OPR is connected via a series resistor Ro to the current path of the half-bridge circuit, ie here the output of the power transistor V3.
  • This circuit arrangement for regulating the lamp current flowing in the half-bridge circuit constitutes a closed control circuit, because the higher this lamp current rises, the higher the output voltage of the operational amplifier OPR, which on the other hand leads the controlled oscillator CCO towards a higher pulse train - controls frequency.
  • This frequency increase in turn causes a reduction in the lamp current.
  • This control circuit also has an analogous effect in the opposite direction when it drops Tendency of lamp current.
  • This control circuit described above in particular with the current-dependent controlled oscillator and the first operational amplifier OPR, forms an effective high-frequency control for the control of the half-bridge circuit in steady-state operation, that is to say when the fluorescent lamp is burning undisturbed. It should be added that the electronic ballast described here is also dimmable, because it is in your hand to control the output power of the electronic ballast by appropriately determining the reference voltage Vref.
  • the integrated circuit IC contains a monitoring arrangement which monitors the state of the fluorescent lamp FL during stationary operation, in particular controls a lamp start and is also activated when errors or faults occur.
  • the integrated circuit IC has a monitoring circuit MON, which is designed as a threshold circuit with adjustable threshold values and with its signal input is in turn connected via a series resistor R to the output of the one power transistor V3 of the half-bridge circuit.
  • This monitoring circuit MON thus receives a control signal corresponding to the instantaneous lamp current, which always causes an output pulse QM of the monitoring circuit MON as soon as the currently activated threshold value is reached.
  • the respective threshold value is set using several selection signals.
  • One of these selection signals S4 is generated by a first comparator COMP, which is embodied as a differential voltage amplifier, is connected with its positive input via a decoupling diode D2 to the output of the first operational amplifier OPR, and the reference voltage Vref is connected via its negative input is fed.
  • a first comparator COMP which is embodied as a differential voltage amplifier
  • Further selection signals are generated by a time value transmitter PST, which on the input side connects to a first internal current source IT is connected to an external, grounded charging capacitor CT.
  • This internal current source IT is activated with the start of a switch-on process for the fluorescent lamp FL and begins to charge the external charging capacitor CT, so that a linearly increasing signal voltage corresponding to the instantaneous duration of the switch-on process is present at the input of the time value transmitter PST.
  • This is compared in the time value generator PST with predetermined threshold values.
  • the time transmitter PST emits one of the output signals S1, S2 or S3 and thus defines certain time segments to be described in detail.
  • the first and the third output signals S1 and S3 are each supplied to the monitoring circuit MON in order to set one of the predetermined threshold values there.
  • the comparator COMP compares the voltage at the external capacitor Ccc, which corresponds to the output voltage of the control operational amplifier OPR in normal operation, with a value predetermined by the reference voltage Vref. If the control operational amplifier leaves its defined control range - this is particularly the case when the lamp is dimmed in multi-lamp applications or in the case of lamp defects, e.g. B. caused by aged, high-resistance lamp filaments, possible - then this is recognized by the comparator COMP. This creates that
  • Control signal S4 with which a state is set in the monitoring circuit MON in which all reference levels Mp, Mi and Mo are significantly reduced.
  • the monitoring circuit MON therefore works perfectly even with lower lamp currents.
  • the second output signal S2 of the time value transmitter PST forms a preparation signal for a shutdown circuit SD, which is designed as a logic circuit and fulfills the function, in the event of a fault, e.g. B. in the event of a lamp fault, the half-bridge circuit with the further power transistors V2, V3 may be shut down.
  • a control input of the shutdown circuit SD is connected to the output of the monitoring circuit MON.
  • An output of the switch-off circuit SD is connected, among other things, to the switch-on input EN of the selection circuit SEL in order to enable or reset it.
  • a second internal current source ISC is provided in the integrated circuit IC, the output of which is connected to the connection point between the ohmic resistor Rc and the capacitor Cc of the external low-pass filter.
  • This second internal current source ISC has a set as well as a reset input S or R.
  • the set input S is connected to the output of the monitoring circuit MON, while the reset input R with the output of the selection circuit SEL for the driver circuits HSD and LSD of the power transistors V2 and V3 of the half-bridge circuit is connected.
  • This second internal current source ISC is set with an output pulse of the monitoring circuit MON and charges the external capacitor Cc of the low-pass filter Rc, Cc. Since the current-controlled oscillator CCO is also connected with its control input to this output of the second internal current source ISC, the input current rises at it, so that its pulse repetition frequency emitted increases.
  • the second internal current source ISC is reset with the same output signal from the selection circuit SEL.
  • a further closed control circuit is provided, which regulates the lamp current cycle by cycle to the respectively predetermined value, which is determined by the currently activated threshold value of the monitoring circuit MON.
  • This second control circuit is superior to the current control for stationary operation described above and limits and regulates the lamp current when the lamp starts and in the event of detected faults.
  • a defined power supply for the integrated circuit IC is achieved by several circuit measures.
  • a switch-on comparator UVLO is provided in particular for the switch-on process.
  • the series resistor is connected directly to the rectifier bridge GL and is connected to ground via a further charging capacitor Ccc.
  • a supply voltage Vcc is supplied to the integrated circuit IC at this input of the switch-on comparator UVLO.
  • a further internal current source BIAS is connected to the switch-on comparator UVLO, with which an internal auxiliary voltage ICBIAS is generated for the integrated circuit IC.
  • the power supply of the integrated circuit IC - in this embodiment - by a almost lossless supply circuit DP, DN, Cp ensured, which consists of a series circuit of two pump diodes DP and DN and a further charging capacitor Cp.
  • This is connected on the one hand to the connection point of these two diodes and on the other hand to the output of the half-bridge circuit, ie the connection point of the two power transistors V2 and V3.
  • This supply circuit supplies the supply voltage Vcc for the integrated circuit IC in normal operation.
  • a control circuit with a further comparator TPR is provided to keep this supply voltage Vcc constant. This compares the instantaneous value of the supply voltage Vcc with an upper or a lower predetermined reference value.
  • the output of this comparator TPR is connected to the control connection of an electronic switch VD, which is designed here as a transistor switch and whose switching path is arranged between the charging capacitor Cp of the feed circuit and ground. If the instantaneous value of the supply voltage Vcc detected by the comparator TPR exceeds the predetermined upper limit value, the comparator TPR emits an output signal which switches the electronic switch VD to conductive.
  • the pump diodes DN, DP of the feed circuit described above and the electronic switch VD can also be integrated in the integrated circuit IC.
  • the circuit function described does not change.
  • an arrangement PFC for controlling the power factor is also implemented in the integrated circuit IC. It is quite similar in design to corresponding known controls for improving the power factor. Because this function is required in the integrated circuit IC, but is of secondary importance in the context given here, only this is pointed out here.
  • This arrangement PFC detects all the parameters required for the determination of the power factor on the one also equipped with a secondary winding
  • Charging choke L1 evaluates it and controls the first power transistor VI accordingly.
  • the mode of operation of the circuit arrangement described with reference to FIG. 1 can best be assumed on the assumption of different operating states in the load circuit, i. H. explain in particular on the fluorescent lamp FL in the form of flow diagrams which are shown in FIGS. 3 to 5.
  • the flow diagrams in FIG. 3 illustrate a normal starting process.
  • the switch-on comparator UVLO detects the supply voltage Vcc rising at its input and activates the integrated circuit IC as soon as its switch-on threshold is reached.
  • the current-dependent oscillator CCO then initially starts with a predetermined lower limit frequency, which is approximately 75% of the maximum frequency.
  • the selection circuit SEL activated by the pulse sequence of the current-dependent oscillator CCO, in addition to the driver circuits HSD and LSD for the power transistors V2 and V3 of the half-bridge circuit, the second internal current source ISC - as described - is put into operation.
  • the first internal current source IT assigned to the time value transmitter PST begins to charge the external charging capacitor CT.
  • a voltage which initially increases linearly is offered to the input of the time value transmitters PST.
  • this input signal forms the time base for the control of all functional sequences in the electronic ballast under different operating conditions.
  • the start time at which the integrated circuit IC is started in a defined manner when the mains voltage is switched on in the manner described above is designated by tl.
  • the uppermost diagram in FIG. 3 shows the voltage which rises linearly at the charging capacitor CT and which is supplied to the input of the time value transmitter PST.
  • this input voltage for the time value transmitters PST reaches a predetermined lower reference level, which is referred to as preheating level Pp.
  • the time period from the switch-on time t1 to the later time t2 forms a preheating phase ⁇ pt for the electronic ballast.
  • the time t2 thus denotes the time for the end of this preheating phase.
  • the first selection signal S1 of the time value transmitter PST is reset and the monitoring circuit MON is thus set to a low threshold value, the preheating threshold Mp. It thus detects the e-functional current in the half-bridge circuit consisting of the two power transistors V2, V3 via the series resistor Rm at its input.
  • the e-functional input signals of the monitoring circuit MON corresponding to this e-functional current are denoted by M and are shown in a corresponding part of the flowchart in FIG. ben.
  • the monitoring circuit MON in each case emits a short control pulse QM.
  • the second internal current source ISC is set and, moreover, the selection circuit SEL, which operates in the manner of a flip-flop, for the driver circuits HSD or LSD of the power transistors V2, V3 of the half-bridge circuit is switched over.
  • the drive pulses HSG and LSG then emitted by the driver circuits HSD and LSD for the two power transistors V2 and V3 are reproduced in FIG. 3 in the two lowest sequence diagrams.
  • the end of the preheating phase ⁇ pt at time t2 signals the time value transmitter PST by changing the switching state of its first selection signal S1 fed to the monitoring circuit MON. This is switched to a second, higher threshold, the ignition threshold Mi. As a result of this increase in the response threshold of the monitoring circuit MON, the current in the half-bridge circuit implemented by the two power transistors V2 and V3 increases to a predetermined and limited value which increases the voltage on the fluorescent lamp FL up to the normal ignition voltage.
  • the ignition phase of the electronic ballast begins at time t2 and, in the case of a normally operating fluorescent lamp FL, must be completed by the time t4, otherwise the electronic ballast automatically switches off.
  • this time period predetermined for the duration of an ignition phase is designated ⁇ it.
  • the monitoring circuit MON continues to continuously monitor the current flowing in the half-bridge circuit and, if there is a match, Measurement of the input signal M corresponding to the current half-bridge current with the currently activated threshold, now the ignition threshold Mi, one of the control pulses QM from the selection circuit SEL until the fluorescent lamp FL ignites. In the normal ignition process illustrated in FIG. 3, this is the case at time t3. After the fluorescent lamp FL has been ignited, the monitoring circuit MON does not emit any further control pulses QM because the half-bridge current no longer reaches the high ignition threshold Mi which is still activated in the monitoring circuit MON.
  • the external charging capacitor CT assigned to the timer PST is charged further, so that the input voltage supplied to the timer PST continues to rise.
  • the input signal of the time transmitter runs through a further one of the predefined reference levels, the ignition level Pi. H. in the event of an inconvenient fluorescent lamp FL, an automatic reset of the electronic ballast would now have to be initiated.
  • the time value generator PST generates the second selection signal S2 as a further output signal, which characterizes a switch-off phase ⁇ st. This is fed to the shutdown circuit SD in order to release it.
  • the switch-off function is not carried out because the switch-off circuit SD does not receive any further control pulses QM output by the monitoring circuit MON when the fluorescent lamp FL ignites in good time. Otherwise, the ignition threshold Mi remains activated in the monitoring circuit MON.
  • the charging of the external charging capacitor CT at a time t5 reaches a value which corresponds to a third reference level, the reset level Pr of the time transmitter PST.
  • the threshold to be detected is now lowered to a sleep threshold Mo in the monitoring circuit MON. which lies between preheating and ignition threshold Mp or Mi.
  • the monitoring circuit MON does not emit any control pulses in the assumed case of a normally igniting fluorescent lamp FL, so that the released switch-off function cannot be activated.
  • the discharge of the external charging capacitor CT assigned to the time transmitter PST is initiated.
  • a first of the possible malfunctions is now illustrated in the flow chart of FIG.
  • a fault occurs during stationary operation of the flaming fluorescent lamp FL (e.g. due to gas loss when the lamp filaments are intact) and the fluorescent lamp FL goes out.
  • the state and function of the integrated circuit IC correspond to the case described above in the normal operating phase ⁇ ot.
  • the monitoring circuit MON detects an input signal M which is above the quiescent threshold Mo and corresponds to the current half-bridge current and outputs one Control pulse QM.
  • the second internal power source IT is switched on again, ie the time base - here now for a re-ignition phase ⁇ it - starts.
  • the current source can only be switched on again if several control pulses QM are counted in a certain period of time.
  • the ignition threshold Mi is activated in the monitoring circuit MON and, due to the excessive current in the half-bridge circuit, the monitoring circuit MON continuously emits control pulses QM.
  • the process already explained for the ignition phase ⁇ it now takes place again. In this case, however, the fluorescent lamp FL does not ignite in time because of the assumed fault.
  • the shutdown circuit SD which has already been released at the end of the ignition phase ⁇ it by setting the second output signal S2 of the timer PST, is activated by a further control pulse QM output by the monitoring circuit MON, as shown in FIG. 3 in the pulse diagram denoted by SD. Alternatively, several events can also be counted here before the shutdown circuit SD is activated.
  • the shutdown circuit SD deactivates the selection circuit SEL and at the same time resets the input comparator UVLO. As further shown in FIG. 4, with the exception of the shutdown circuit SD, all other functions of the integrated circuit IC that are essential for lamp operation are reset to a defined initial state. After a lamp change or after reconnection of the mains voltage L, N, the electronic ballast is then ready for operation again.
  • the monitoring circuit MON does not supply any further control pulses QM derived from a persistent fault.
  • the control processes in the integrated circuit IC ran as described with reference to FIG. 3 after the fluorescent lamp FL had been ignited.
  • FIG. 5 in contrast to a normal ignition process according to the flowchart of FIG. 3, the case of a fluorescent lamp FL which does not ignite properly is used as a basis, in which there is no filament error, but which, for example, B. is constantly unwilling to ignite due to gas loss.
  • the fluorescent lamp FL does not ignite until the maximum predetermined ignition phase ⁇ it has elapsed.
  • the shutdown circuit SD With the second selection signal S2 of the time value transmitter PST, the shutdown circuit SD is released, the monitoring circuit MON detects further ignition attempts with excessive half-bridge current and continues to emit control pulses QM. The shutdown circuit SD is thus activated and shuts down the electronic ballast, as described above for a persistent malfunction. In this case too, the switch-off is maintained until the mains voltage L, N is switched off or the fluorescent lamp FL is replaced.
  • the filament resistance of an aged fluorescent lamp FL is greatly increased and therefore does not ignite normally.
  • the starting process runs until the end of the preheating phase .DELTA.pt as in the case of a normally igniting fluorescent lamp FL (FIG. 3) or also the fluorescent lamp FL (FIG. 5) which is unwilling to ignite due to gas loss.
  • the higher-order mean value current control which is effective via the control of the first power transistor VI, is used. It limits the half-bridge current.
  • the monitoring circuit MON does not generate any control pulses QM because its input pulses M derived from the current half-bridge current do not reach the ignition threshold Mi.
  • the shutdown circuit SD is then again released, but cannot be activated because the monitoring circuit MON, which is still set to the ignition threshold Mi, does not generate any control pulses QM.
  • the time value transmitter PST detects an input signal which corresponds to its third threshold value, the reset threshold value Pr. As in a normal start-up process (FIG.
  • the reference level of the monitoring circuit MON is lowered to the idle threshold Mo at this time and the discharge of the external charging capacitor CT assigned to the time transmitter PST is initiated.
  • the half-bridge current which is limited by the mean value current regulation, is now sufficient to allow the monitoring circuit MON to emit control pulses QM. Since the shutdown circuit SD is still enabled, it is activated and the shutdown function described is started. As described above, the electronic ballast is stopped, the shutdown being maintained until the mains voltage L, N is switched off or the fluorescent lamp FL is replaced.
  • the exemplary embodiments described illustrate that, by implementing a defined time base in conjunction with a suitable, continuous monitoring of the half-bridge current, it is possible to provide automatically running functional sequences in the electronic ballast which reliably detect and conceivably all possible operating states of the fluorescent lamp FL to be operated and set the electronic ballast to an adapted, defined state without manual intervention.
  • These functional sequences are designed in such a way that they can be implemented particularly elegantly in a highly integrated, high-voltage-resistant circuit IC.
  • a particularly cost-effective production in the series is also important because the electronic ballast described Type can be realized with a small number of discrete components per se.

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Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé permettant de faire fonctionner au moins une lampe à fluorescence (FL) au moyen d'un ballast électronique, ainsi que le ballast lui-même. Il est prévu un pont redresseur (GL) sous une tension d'alimentation alternative (L, N), un régulateur valeur haute connecté (L1, D1, V1), un circuit demi-pont (V2, V3), ainsi qu'un circuit de commande et de régulation (IC) pour le contrôle en continu du courant de la lampe avec un circuit de commande régulé (CCO, SEL, HSD, LSD) pour les transistors de puissance (V2, V3) qui, en fonctionnement normal, maintient le courant de la lampe constant. Comme régulateur pilote, un émetteur de valeurs temporelles (PST, IT, CT) amorcé de façon définie à chaque allumage ou détection d'un défaut, fournit une base de temps pour un circuit de contrôle (MON) qui évalue le courant de la lampe à un moment déterminé, à des niveaux de référence prédéterminés (Mp, Mi ou Mo) qui diffèrent dans des tranches de temps individuelles ( DELTA pt, DELTA it, DELTA st, DELTA ot), et qui contrôle, en fonction du temps, par l'intermédiaire d'un circuit de commande régulé (CCO, IST, SEL, HSD, LSD), le courant de la lampe pour un allumage normal ou déclenche, en cas d'anomalie, une mise hors-tension automatique du ballast électronique.
EP95925814A 1994-07-19 1995-07-03 Procede permettant de faire fonctionner au moins une lampe a fluorescence au moyen d'un ballast electronique et ballast electronique utilise a cet effet Expired - Lifetime EP0801881B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP95925814A EP0801881B1 (fr) 1994-07-19 1995-07-03 Procede permettant de faire fonctionner au moins une lampe a fluorescence au moyen d'un ballast electronique et ballast electronique utilise a cet effet

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP94111248 1994-07-19
EP94111248 1994-07-19
EP95925814A EP0801881B1 (fr) 1994-07-19 1995-07-03 Procede permettant de faire fonctionner au moins une lampe a fluorescence au moyen d'un ballast electronique et ballast electronique utilise a cet effet
PCT/EP1995/002572 WO1996003017A1 (fr) 1994-07-19 1995-07-03 Procede permettant de faire fonctionner au moins une lampe a fluorescence au moyen d'un ballast electronique et ballast electronique utilise a cet effet

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0801881A1 true EP0801881A1 (fr) 1997-10-22
EP0801881B1 EP0801881B1 (fr) 1998-05-20

Family

ID=8216128

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP95925814A Expired - Lifetime EP0801881B1 (fr) 1994-07-19 1995-07-03 Procede permettant de faire fonctionner au moins une lampe a fluorescence au moyen d'un ballast electronique et ballast electronique utilise a cet effet

Country Status (12)

Country Link
US (1) US5705894A (fr)
EP (1) EP0801881B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP3939342B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR100393662B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN1076945C (fr)
AT (1) ATE166525T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU691318B2 (fr)
CA (1) CA2195440C (fr)
DE (1) DE59502290D1 (fr)
HK (1) HK1001034A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW266383B (fr)
WO (1) WO1996003017A1 (fr)

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WO1999034649A1 (fr) * 1997-12-23 1999-07-08 Tridonic Bauelemente Gmbh Procede de detection de changement de lampe et ballast electronique destine au fonctionnement de lampes a decharge a l'aide d'un tel procede de detection de changement de lampe
US6331755B1 (en) * 1998-01-13 2001-12-18 International Rectifier Corporation Circuit for detecting near or below resonance operation of a fluorescent lamp driven by half-bridge circuit
US6211623B1 (en) * 1998-01-05 2001-04-03 International Rectifier Corporation Fully integrated ballast IC
DE19808890A1 (de) * 1998-03-03 1999-09-09 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Schaltnetzteil mit aktiver Oberwellenbegrenzung
US6232727B1 (en) * 1998-10-07 2001-05-15 Micro Linear Corporation Controlling gas discharge lamp intensity with power regulation and end of life protection
US6175189B1 (en) * 1999-04-06 2001-01-16 Bruce Industries, Inc. Floating reference fault protection circuit for arc discharge lamp ballast
KR100373984B1 (ko) * 1999-12-30 2003-02-26 대한민국 프리와트형 형광램프용 전자식안정기
US6366032B1 (en) 2000-01-28 2002-04-02 Robertson Worldwide, Inc. Fluorescent lamp ballast with integrated circuit
CN1282050C (zh) * 2000-06-19 2006-10-25 国际整流器有限公司 用于镇流控制集成电路中的电路
EP1327184B9 (fr) * 2000-10-20 2007-05-09 International Rectifier Corporation Circuit integre de commande de ballast a correction du facteur de puissance
WO2002035694A1 (fr) * 2000-10-24 2002-05-02 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Dispositif portatif a dissipation d'energie reduite
DE10110239A1 (de) 2001-01-24 2002-07-25 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Betriebsgerät für Lampen mit SEPIC Wandler
DE10164242B4 (de) * 2001-12-27 2014-07-03 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät mit Strombegrenzung bei Leistungsreglung
JP4460202B2 (ja) * 2001-12-28 2010-05-12 パナソニック電工株式会社 放電灯点灯装置
DE10205896A1 (de) * 2002-02-13 2003-09-04 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Betriebsschaltung für Entladungslampe mit frequenzvariabler Zündung
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US8482213B1 (en) 2009-06-29 2013-07-09 Panasonic Corporation Electronic ballast with pulse detection circuit for lamp end of life and output short protection
US8947020B1 (en) 2011-11-17 2015-02-03 Universal Lighting Technologies, Inc. End of life control for parallel lamp ballast
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CA2195440A1 (fr) 1996-02-01
EP0801881B1 (fr) 1998-05-20
ATE166525T1 (de) 1998-06-15
KR100393662B1 (ko) 2003-10-30
WO1996003017A1 (fr) 1996-02-01
JP3939342B2 (ja) 2007-07-04
CN1152992A (zh) 1997-06-25
US5705894A (en) 1998-01-06
TW266383B (en) 1995-12-21
HK1001034A1 (en) 1998-05-15
AU691318B2 (en) 1998-05-14
KR970703094A (ko) 1997-06-10
DE59502290D1 (de) 1998-06-25
AU2980595A (en) 1996-02-16
JPH10503047A (ja) 1998-03-17
CN1076945C (zh) 2001-12-26
CA2195440C (fr) 2003-12-23

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