EP1103166B1 - Ballast electronique destine a au moins une lampe a decharge basse tension - Google Patents

Ballast electronique destine a au moins une lampe a decharge basse tension Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1103166B1
EP1103166B1 EP00927002A EP00927002A EP1103166B1 EP 1103166 B1 EP1103166 B1 EP 1103166B1 EP 00927002 A EP00927002 A EP 00927002A EP 00927002 A EP00927002 A EP 00927002A EP 1103166 B1 EP1103166 B1 EP 1103166B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
lamp
electronic ballast
inverter
voltage
circuit arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP00927002A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP1103166A1 (fr
Inventor
Stefan Koch
Günter MARENT
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19934687A external-priority patent/DE19934687A1/de
Application filed by Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Tridonicatco GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP1103166A1 publication Critical patent/EP1103166A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1103166B1 publication Critical patent/EP1103166B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B41/00—Circuit arrangements or apparatus for igniting or operating discharge lamps
    • H05B41/14—Circuit arrangements
    • H05B41/26—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc
    • H05B41/28—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters
    • H05B41/295—Circuit arrangements in which the lamp is fed by power derived from dc by means of a converter, e.g. by high-voltage dc using static converters with semiconductor devices and specially adapted for lamps with preheating electrodes, e.g. for fluorescent lamps
    • H05B41/298—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2981—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions
    • H05B41/2985—Arrangements for protecting lamps or circuits against abnormal operating conditions for protecting the circuit against abnormal operating conditions against abnormal lamp operating conditions

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an electronic ballast for a low pressure discharge lamp after The preamble of claim 1, which is a circuit for detection a lamp change or a lamp defect.
  • a ballast with such a circuit is for Example from European patent application EP 0 146 683 B1 known.
  • the resonant capacitor of the series resonant circuit is between the two electrodes of the discharge lamp arranged, thereby preheating the electrodes before ignition the lamp is enabled.
  • the ballast a bistable switching device with an operating and a switch-off state, the switching device at a non-igniting discharge lamp in the shutdown state tilts and switches off the inverter.
  • the function of this Circuit is based on the fact that the amplitude of the current flowing through the load branch with the lamp when the ignition is not ignited Lamp is significantly larger than when ignited.
  • the bistable switching device On via one of the electrodes of the discharge lamp holding circuit then the bistable switching device lasts so long in this shutdown state until it is replaced by the insertion of a new lamp is interrupted, which automatically restarts the lamp is initiated.
  • a disadvantage of this circuit is that a parallel current through the resonance capacitor even after the lamp has been ignited and over the two filaments of the lamp flows.
  • This parallel current means the in normal operation Lamp lost energy and affects its luminosity or the efficiency.
  • the heating power regardless of the lamp current to regulate what particularly in a dimmed operation the lamp is to be regarded as disadvantageous because of the dimming current reduction caused by the filament heating should be balanced.
  • the invention Ballast is characterized by that for heating the filaments a heating transformer is provided, the Primary winding in series with a switch at the output of the inverter is connected. The current in the primary winding is transferred to two secondary windings, the each form a heating circuit with one of the two coils. The current flowing through the primary winding is included an evaluation circuit that detects in the event of a defect at least one of the two coils or when removing the Lamp or in the case of a further evaluation circuits detected defect of the lamp, switching off the inverter causes.
  • the measurement resistance also depends on the DC voltage supplied to the heating transformer. This can, however - for example due to network fluctuations - change quite easily over time.
  • a second measuring resistor may be provided, wherein the voltage drop across this measuring resistor also is evaluated. A comparison of the two tensions then leaves a statement independent of voltage fluctuations about the condition of the electrodes of the lamp too. this happens for example in that the differential voltage is formed which is then compared to a setpoint. As shown this method allows a very simple one but meaningful analysis of the lamp status.
  • the current profile in the heating transformer can also do this at an earlier point in time Measured value or a reference value can be compared. In this case, only a single measuring resistor would be sufficient either the current in the primary winding or in one of the two secondary windings can be evaluated.
  • EP 0 707 438 A3 The use of a heating transformer is already out of the EP 0 707 438 A3 or from EP 748 146 A1 and DE 295 14 817 U1 is known, with the shutdown also in each case here the filament heating mentioned after igniting the lamp becomes.
  • EP 0 707 438 A3 also sees an evaluation of the Heating current in order to detect possible lamp defects. Indeed is none of those described in these writings Ballasts switching off the inverter and one Detection of lamp replacement provided.
  • the invention is also used for electronic ballasts that have multiple Operate lamps, suitable.
  • the inverter is formed by a half bridge made of two electronic switches S1 and S2 connected in series. These switches S1, S2 can be formed, for example, by two MOS field effect transistors.
  • the base of the half-bridge lies on ground, while the DC voltage U BUS is present at its input, which can be generated, for example, by shaping the usual mains voltage using a combination of radio interference suppressor and rectifier. Alternatively, however, any other DC voltage source can also be present on the half bridge.
  • the load circuit containing the discharge lamp LA is connected.
  • This consists of a series resonance circuit, the consists of a choke coil L1 and a resonance capacitor C2 is composed.
  • the choke coil L1 is a coupling capacitor C1 upstream.
  • At the connection node between the choke coil L1 and resonance capacitor C2 is also the upper one of the two cathodes of the lamp LA connected.
  • the two Cathodes each have two connections, between which one heating coil W1 and one W2 each for heating the cathodes is provided.
  • the lower cathode of the lamp LA is again connected to the output of the resonance capacitor C2 and the common node finally via resistor R1 Ground connected.
  • a heating transformer which consists of a primary winding Tp and two secondary windings Ts1 and Ts2.
  • the secondary windings Ts1 and Ts2 are each connected to a filament W1 and W2 of the lamp LA, so that two separate heating circuits are formed.
  • the primary winding Tp is arranged in the middle of a series circuit which, in addition to the primary winding Tp, has a charge / discharge capacitor C3 and a third controllable switch S3. Like the two switches of the half-bridge S1 and S2, this switch S3 can also consist of a field effect transistor.
  • the second connection of the charge / discharge capacitor C3, like the load circuit, is connected to the node of the two switches S1 and S2, so that this series connection is parallel to the lower branch of the half-bridge.
  • the DC supply voltage U BUS is additionally supplied to the node between the primary winding Tp and the charge / discharge capacitor C3 independently of the inverter via a resistor R2.
  • a measuring resistor to measure the heating current R3 arranged.
  • the voltage drop caused by the current An evaluation circuit is used to measure the measuring resistor R3 M1 measured.
  • Another measuring resistor R4 is arranged in the heating circuit of the lower lamp filament W1, the voltage drop across this measuring resistor R4 and thus the current flow through this heating circuit through the Evaluation circuit M1 can be measured.
  • Positions can be arranged.
  • the first Measuring resistor R3 also between the switch S3 and the primary coil Tp of the heating transformer can be provided or itself the second measuring resistor R4 on the other side of the secondary coil Ts1 are in the heating circuit.
  • this resistor R4 can become a heating circuit also in the heating circuit of the upper coil W2 and the second one Secondary coil Ts2 are located.
  • the amperages needed can be instead the measuring resistors R3 and R4 also other current measuring devices be used.
  • the three switches S1, S2 and S3 are activated by a control circuit, not shown, wherein the preheating the coils W1, W2 and the ignition of the lamp LA in a known manner Way is executed.
  • the third becomes during the preheating Switch S3 permanently closed, so that of the inverter AC voltage also delivered to the heating transformer is fed.
  • the switches S1 and S2 are used an increased compared to the resonance frequency of the load circuit Frequency controlled so that the applied to the lamp LA Voltage does not cause ignition.
  • switch S3 is opened and the heating the coils ended with it, and the ignition of the lamp LA Is initiated. To do this, the AC voltage frequency Control signals for the two switches S1 and S2 of the inverter approximated the resonance frequency until finally the Ignition takes place.
  • the evaluation circuit or other monitoring circuits can be used to check in a known manner whether there is an intact lamp LA in the system. If this is not the case or if a filament breakage or removal of the lamp LA is registered during preheating or during normal operation, the ballast is put into an idle state and the inverter is switched off in order to consume as little energy as possible and to enable the lamp LA to be replaced safely , However, the switch S3 belonging to the filament heating is then clocked at low frequency. Since the primary winding Tp is supplied with the supply voltage U BUS via the resistor R2, an actuation of the switch S3 generates an alternating voltage, which is transmitted through the transformer to the two heating circuits with the coils W1 and W2.
  • Switch S3 is preferably switched with a low clock frequency of approximately 50-100 Hz.
  • the duty cycle of the control signal for the switch S3 is approximately 50%, but neither the choice of the clock frequency nor the duty cycle for the lamp status detection are critical.
  • a current pulse results at the primary coil Tp of the heating transformer due to the discharge of the charge / discharge capacitor C3 and accordingly a voltage pulse U R3 at the measuring resistor R3 .
  • the voltage curve across the measuring resistor R3 depends essentially on whether there is a lamp LA in the system and whether the two filaments W1 and W2 are intact.
  • the transformer transforms the heating voltage downwards towards the lamp, so that the resistances of the two filaments W1 and W2 are in turn transformed upwards towards the primary winding Tp.
  • the behavior of the primary winding Tp is therefore influenced by two parallel resistors which correspond to the two coils W1 and W2. If one of the two filaments is broken or the lamp LA has been removed, the behavior of the primary winding Tp changes and thus the course of the current pulse.
  • FIGS. 2a and 2b A typical voltage signal U R3, which can be tapped at the measuring resistor R3, is shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b.
  • the two graphs show the voltage curve that results after the switch S3 is closed, FIG. 2a for an intact lamp and FIG. 2b for the case that one of the two filaments is broken.
  • the voltage U R3 rises very quickly after closing and then drops again after about 3 ⁇ s.
  • the voltage rise U R3 in the event of a filament break is only about half as large and the subsequent voltage drop takes much longer.
  • the curves shown in the two graphs represent waveforms that result from a commercially available gas discharge lamp.
  • the voltage curve U R4 is therefore additionally detected at the second measuring resistor R4.
  • Typical curves of U R4 are also shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b for an intact lamp and for a lamp in which the upper filament is broken.
  • the voltage signal U R4 at the second measuring resistor R4 differs from the signal U R3 at the first measuring resistor R3 primarily by the amplitude of the voltage pulse.
  • the voltage U R3 also rises very quickly and then drops again somewhat more slowly after about 3 ⁇ s.
  • the signals U R3 and U R4 differ very clearly in the event of a spiral break.
  • the curve ⁇ U i shows the difference signal which results from the two curves shown in FIG. 2a with an intact lamp, while the curve ⁇ U d is obtained in the event of a filament break.
  • the voltage difference ⁇ U i is positive at all times.
  • ⁇ U d temporarily takes on negative values.
  • the difference between ⁇ U i and ⁇ U d is more than 400 mV, as a result of which the two states can also be distinguished with the aid of relatively simple measuring devices. Even deviations from the ideal case, which could lead to heating of the filaments and thus a change in the resistance values, are only so great that a measuring tolerance of almost 100 mV remains in any case.
  • a simple assessment of the lamp status is then carried out by measuring the two voltages U R2 and U R3 in a certain time window or at a fixed point in time - for example 10 ms after the switch S3 has been closed, and by forming the differential voltage DU Comparator located in the evaluation circuit M1 is supplied, which compares the DU with a reference or setpoint.
  • the use of the second measuring resistor R4 also provides information about which of the two filaments of the lamp is broken. If this is the lower coil W1, there is inevitably no voltage at R4 because the lower heating circuit is not closed. This is also the case when the lamp has been completely removed. Thus, by evaluating the two voltage signals U R3 and U R4, all four possible lamp states (intact lamp, broken upper or lower filament, no lamp present) can be distinguished very easily. Voltage measurements on the two measuring resistors R3 and R4 are not the only option. It would also be conceivable to use all other types of current measuring method with which the current pulses in the primary coil Tp and one of the two coils W1 and W2 can be evaluated.
  • Another possibility of recognizing the reinstallation of an intact lamp is to dispense with the second measuring resistor R4 and the measurement of the current through one of the two filament heating circuits and instead to consider only the voltage signal U R3 . If a change occurs with regard to the lamp, for example if a new lamp is used, this will definitely cause a change in the signal U R3 .
  • a voltage value U R3 measured at the measuring resistor R3 at a specific point in time after the switch S3 has been closed or an already known target value can be stored and the later current measured values of U R3 can be compared with the stored value. Again, a simple comparator is required, for example. If an intact lamp is used, this is recognized immediately.
  • the construction of the detection and evaluation circuit M1 is even simplified, since only the measurement on a single resistor has to be carried out. Another possibility of recognizing the reinsertion of a lamp is to dispense with the measuring resistor R3 and instead only to evaluate the voltage drops on one or both secondary windings, for example by means of the voltage signal U R4 .
  • the charge / discharge capacitor C3 does not necessarily have to be in the position shown in FIG. 1.

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  • Circuit Arrangements For Discharge Lamps (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Ballast électronique destiné à au moins une lampe à décharge basse tension, comportant
    un onduleur connecté à une source de tension continue (UBUS),
    un circuit de charge connecté à l'onduleur et comportant la lampe (LA) et un circuit série résonant (L1, C1 et C2), et
    un circuit de traitement (M1), qui réagit à différents états de fonctionnement de la lampe et produit, en cas de défaut ou d'éloignement de la lampe, des signaux correspondants, qui sont utilisés pour mettre l'onduleur hors circuit,
    ballast caractérisé par un transformateur de chauffage des filaments (W1, W2) de la lampe (LA), dont l'enroulement primaire (Tp) est connecté, en série avec un interrupteur (S3), à la sortie de l'onduleur et, en tout cas, alors à la source de tension continue (UBUS), lorsque l'onduleur est mis hors circuit en raison d'un défaut des filaments de chauffage ou de l'éloignement de la lampe (LA), l'interrupteur (S3) étant cadencé pendant cette phase de mise hors circuit et le circuit de traitement (M1) tenant compte du courant circulant dans l'enroulement primaire (Tp) et/ou dans le ou les enroulement(s) secondaire(s) ( Ts1, Ts2) du transformateur de chauffage.
  2. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le circuit série comportant l'interrupteur (S3) et l'enroulement primaire (Tp) est, de plus, connecté à la source de tension continue (UBUS) indépendamment de l'onduleur.
  3. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un condensateur (C3) de charge et de décharge est connecté au circuit série comportant l'interrupteur (S3) et l'enroulement primaire (Tp), le circuit de traitement exploitant les variations en fonction du temps ou la valeur à un instant déterminé de l'amplitude du courant mesuré pour détecter un changement de lampe ou un défaut de la lampe.
  4. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le condensateur (C3) de charge et de décharge est connecté en série avec le circuit série comportant l'interrupteur (S3) et l'enroulement primaire (Tp) et en ce que le circuit série étendu est disposé en série avec le circuit de charge.
  5. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que le condensateur (C3) de charge et de décharge est connecté à la sortie de l'onduleur et en ce que le condensateur (C3) de charge et de décharge et le circuit série comportant l'interrupteur (S3) et l'enroulement primaire (Tp) sont disposés en parallèle l'un par rapport à l'autre et en parallèle avec le circuit de charge.
  6. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 2 et une des revendications 3 à 5, caractérisé en ce qu'un point de connexion entre l'enroulement primaire (Tp) et le condensateur (C3) de charge et de décharge est connecté à la source de tension continue (UBUS) par l'intermédiaire d'une résistance (R2).
  7. Ballast électronique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une résistance de mesure (R3) est connectée en série avec le circuit série comportant l'interrupteur (S3) et l'enroulement primaire (Tp) et en ce que le circuit de traitement (M1) prend en compte la tension (UR3) produite aux bornes de la résistance de mesure (R3) par le courant qui circule dans cette résistance de mesure.
  8. Ballast électronique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que, pour mesurer le courant dans l'un des deux circuits de chauffage, ce circuit de chauffage comporte une résistance de mesure additionnelle (R4), et en ce que la tension (UR4) aux bornes de cette résistance de mesure additionnelle (R4) est fournie au circuit de traitement (M1).
  9. Ballast électronique selon l'une des revendications 7 et 8, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de traitement (M1) forme une tension de différence (DU) à partir des deux tensions (UR3, UR4) aux bornes des deux résistances de mesure (R3, R4) et l'exploite.
  10. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 9, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de traitement (M1) comporte un comparateur auquel est fournie la tension de différence (DU) et qui compare la tension différence (DU) à une valeur de consigne.
  11. Ballast électronique selon l'une des revendications 7 à 10, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de traitement (M1) comporte un comparateur qui compare la tension (UR3 ou UR4) aux bornes de la résistance de mesure (R3 ou R4) correspondante à une valeur de consigne à des instants prédéterminés ou dans des fenêtres temporelles déterminées.
  12. Ballast électronique selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la valeur de consigne est une valeur de tension (UR3 ou UR4) mesurée à un instant antérieur aux bornes de la résistance de mesure (R3 ou R4) correspondante.
  13. Ballast électronique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'il comporte un redresseur, connecté au réseau, qui produit la tension continue (UBUS) à appliquer à l'onduleur.
  14. Ballast électronique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que l'onduleur comporte un demi-pont de deux interrupteurs électroniques (S1, S2) connectés en série et en ce que le circuit de charge comportant la lampe (LA) est connecté en parallèle sur l'un des deux interrupteurs électroniques (S1, S2).
  15. Ballast électronique selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce que le circuit de charge comporte une bobine d'induction (L1) connectée en série avec la lampe (LA) et un condensateur de résonance (C2) connecté en parallèle sur la lampe (LA).
EP00927002A 1999-05-25 2000-04-19 Ballast electronique destine a au moins une lampe a decharge basse tension Expired - Lifetime EP1103166B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19923946 1999-05-25
DE19923946 1999-05-25
DE19934687 1999-07-23
DE19934687A DE19934687A1 (de) 1999-05-25 1999-07-23 Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät für mindestens eine Niederdruck-Entladungslampe
PCT/EP2000/003572 WO2000072642A1 (fr) 1999-05-25 2000-04-19 Ballast electronique destine a au moins une lampe a decharge basse tension

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP1103166A1 EP1103166A1 (fr) 2001-05-30
EP1103166B1 true EP1103166B1 (fr) 2003-07-16

Family

ID=26053507

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP00927002A Expired - Lifetime EP1103166B1 (fr) 1999-05-25 2000-04-19 Ballast electronique destine a au moins une lampe a decharge basse tension

Country Status (6)

Country Link
US (1) US6433490B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP1103166B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE245337T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU761360B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR0007013A (fr)
WO (1) WO2000072642A1 (fr)

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DE10126011A1 (de) * 2001-05-28 2002-12-05 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Verfahren zum Start einer Entladungslampe
DE10200053A1 (de) * 2002-01-02 2003-07-17 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Betriebsgerät für Entladungslampen mit Vorheizeinrichtung
DE10345610A1 (de) * 2003-09-29 2005-05-12 Patent Treuhand Ges Fuer Elektrische Gluehlampen Mbh Verfahren zum Betreiben mindestens einer Niederdruckentladungslampe
DE102004044180A1 (de) * 2004-09-13 2006-03-16 Patent-Treuhand-Gesellschaft für elektrische Glühlampen mbH Elektronisches Vorschaltgerät mit Pumpschaltung für Entladungslampe mit vorheizbaren Elektroden
DE102005018761A1 (de) 2005-04-22 2006-10-26 Tridonicatco Gmbh & Co. Kg Intelligente Flyback-Heizung
US7586268B2 (en) * 2005-12-09 2009-09-08 Lutron Electronics Co., Inc. Apparatus and method for controlling the filament voltage in an electronic dimming ballast
WO2009126472A1 (fr) * 2008-04-11 2009-10-15 Osram Sylvania, Inc. Circuit de préchauffage de filament de lampe autonome pour ballast
US7839094B2 (en) * 2008-05-02 2010-11-23 General Electric Company Voltage fed programmed start ballast
US8232727B1 (en) 2009-03-05 2012-07-31 Universal Lighting Technologies, Inc. Ballast circuit for a gas-discharge lamp having a filament drive circuit with monostable control
EP2239835B1 (fr) * 2009-04-07 2011-09-07 Osram Gesellschaft mit Beschränkter Haftung Dispositif de conversion et procédé de conversion correspondant
DE102009020849A1 (de) * 2009-05-12 2010-11-18 Osram Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben einer Niederdruck-Gasentladungslampe und entsprechendes Verfahren
US20100327759A1 (en) * 2009-06-24 2010-12-30 Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. Electronic ballast for a fluorescent lamp
AT12060U1 (de) * 2010-01-28 2011-09-15 Tridonic Gmbh & Co Kg Betriebsgerät für gasentladungslampen
DE102010029511B4 (de) * 2010-05-31 2014-10-09 Osram Gmbh Schaltungsanordnung zum Betreiben einer Entladungslampe
US8922131B1 (en) 2011-10-10 2014-12-30 Universal Lighting Technologies, Inc. Series resonant inverter with capacitive power compensation for multiple lamp parallel operation
DE102011085659A1 (de) 2011-11-03 2013-05-08 Tridonic Gmbh & Co. Kg Getaktete Heizschaltung für Betriebsgeräte für Leuchtmittel
US10085316B2 (en) 2015-09-16 2018-09-25 Philips Lighting Holding B.V. Circuit for LED driver

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EP0146683B1 (fr) * 1981-07-31 1987-11-19 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Onduleur
US4481460A (en) 1982-02-08 1984-11-06 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Inverter with charging regulator having a variable keying ratio
ATE194749T1 (de) 1994-04-15 2000-07-15 Knobel Lichttech Vorschaltgerät mit lampenwechselerkennung für entladungslampen
US5656891A (en) 1994-10-13 1997-08-12 Tridonic Bauelemente Gmbh Gas discharge lamp ballast with heating control circuit and method of operating same
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DE69626455T2 (de) * 1995-08-31 2004-01-08 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma Umrichter mit einem piezoelektrischen Wandler
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Publication number Publication date
WO2000072642A1 (fr) 2000-11-30
US20010007410A1 (en) 2001-07-12
BR0007013A (pt) 2001-07-03
US6433490B2 (en) 2002-08-13
ATE245337T1 (de) 2003-08-15
EP1103166A1 (fr) 2001-05-30
AU4553500A (en) 2000-12-12
AU761360B2 (en) 2003-06-05

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