EP0452338A1 - Agrafe en u et dispositif pour fermer des sachets et des tubes. - Google Patents

Agrafe en u et dispositif pour fermer des sachets et des tubes.

Info

Publication number
EP0452338A1
EP0452338A1 EP90900072A EP90900072A EP0452338A1 EP 0452338 A1 EP0452338 A1 EP 0452338A1 EP 90900072 A EP90900072 A EP 90900072A EP 90900072 A EP90900072 A EP 90900072A EP 0452338 A1 EP0452338 A1 EP 0452338A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
clip
closing
width
groove
branches
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP90900072A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0452338B1 (fr
Inventor
Herbert Dipl-Ing Niedecker
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from DE19883844052 external-priority patent/DE3844052C1/de
Priority claimed from DE19893940262 external-priority patent/DE3940262A1/de
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to AT90900072T priority Critical patent/ATE86205T1/de
Publication of EP0452338A1 publication Critical patent/EP0452338A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0452338B1 publication Critical patent/EP0452338B1/fr
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65B—MACHINES, APPARATUS OR DEVICES FOR, OR METHODS OF, PACKAGING ARTICLES OR MATERIALS; UNPACKING
    • B65B51/00—Devices for, or methods of, sealing or securing package folds or closures; Devices for gathering or twisting wrappers, or necks of bags
    • B65B51/04—Applying separate sealing or securing members, e.g. clips
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
    • B65D33/00—Details of, or accessories for, sacks or bags
    • B65D33/16—End- or aperture-closing arrangements or devices
    • B65D33/1616—Elements constricting the neck of the bag
    • B65D33/1641—Staples, clips or clamps made of metal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/14—Bale and package ties, hose clamps
    • Y10T24/1457—Metal bands
    • Y10T24/1478—Circumferentially swagged band clamp
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
    • Y10T24/15—Bag fasteners
    • Y10T24/152—Swedged bag tie
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/51—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling
    • Y10T29/5147—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling including composite tool
    • Y10T29/5148—Plural diverse manufacturing apparatus including means for metal shaping or assembling including composite tool including severing means
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T29/00—Metal working
    • Y10T29/53—Means to assemble or disassemble
    • Y10T29/53709—Overedge assembling means
    • Y10T29/53783—Clip applier

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a U-shaped closure clip made of tape material for bags and hoses and a closure device with a closure stamp and a die.
  • the closure clip consists of a clip base and two legs, the ends of which are bent outwards and form a separable connecting web with the leg ends of adjacent clips.
  • the section of the bag or tube eg a filled sausage casing
  • gathered into a braid is inserted into the clip, which in turn is held in a die which is shaped in accordance with the clip base.
  • the limbs of the clip are then cut off from the clip strand with the aid of a closing die moved against the die, bent around the packaging braid, and the braid is thus closed by the clip.
  • leg ends are pressed against the outer sides of the legs.
  • cutting burrs occur at the point of separation in the area of the connecting web.
  • the leg ends After the leg ends have been closed and pressed against the outside of the leg, they can protrude laterally beyond the bandwidth of the clip, if the bandwidth of the entire clip including the connecting web is approximately constant, as was the case with clip clips previously used (DE -PS 10 78 495, DE-OS 26 06 658 and DE-OS 3148 757).
  • the sealed packaging such as the casing of a sausage, will be damaged.
  • other packaging will be damaged during further processing, for example during cooking.
  • the connecting web has an arcuate constriction on both sides, approximately symmetrical to the ideal dividing line, which reduces the bandwidth on both sides. This should prevent the cutting edges from projecting laterally at the leg ends bent outwards after the closure. This has largely been achieved so that in many cases it was no longer necessary, e.g. cut the closure clip from the sausage before a second packaging.
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a clamp closure for bags and hoses, which ensures reliable closure and has no burrs projecting beyond the bandwidth, and a device suitable for its manufacture.
  • the reduction in the bandwidth of the leg ends also extends over a section of the legs adjoining the ends and, in the region of the reduced bandwidth, the outer edges of the ends and sections of the legs run approximately parallel. Because of their parallel edges, the narrower legs can be guided in the separating and closing punch during the closing process - for example with the aid of the lateral edges of a groove or such a depression. The closing movement of the legs is not hindered by this, but its lateral pivoting out (center offset) is reliably avoided.
  • the separating and closing stamp also acts directly on the side of the leg next to the bent leg ends and closes the clamp.
  • the bandwidth is also reduced at the kinking points of the leg ends and therefore a lower bending resistance is opposed to the pressing of the leg ends when closing. That has a special effect in the case of thick strip material and is particularly important in view of the brevity of the leg ends to be bent and the correspondingly small lever arms and for the reliable guidance of the leg ends in the stamp. As a result, the bent leg ends are also pressed closer to the legs, which further reduces the risk that the locking clip later causes damage. In the same direction, the higher surface pressure in the narrow band area when closing, which almost completely pushes the external cutting burr away.
  • a preferred embodiment of the invention consists in that a channel-shaped or U-shaped embossing, as is known per se from DE-OS 17 61 616, is attached to the underside of the band material at the transition from the clamp leg to the connecting web.
  • a channel-shaped or U-shaped embossing as is known per se from DE-OS 17 61 616, is attached to the underside of the band material at the transition from the clamp leg to the connecting web.
  • a hollow curvature is provided in the longitudinal direction at the bottom or top of the connecting web between the U-shaped impressions, in the middle thereof the strip thickness is even less than in the area of the U-shaped impressions.
  • the closure clip according to DE-OS 17 61 616 already has a hollow curvature on the top of the connecting web.
  • this hollow curvature is longer than the distance between the mutually facing limits of the U-shaped impressions. Therefore, a smaller strip thickness is created between the U-shaped embossing and the outlet of the curvature than in the area of the center of the curvature, i.e. at the later separation point.
  • the strip thickness in the middle of the hollow curvature is less than in the area of the U-shaped embossing additionally means that, also as a result of the reduced strip width according to the invention, the smallest cross section of the strip material is present at the separation point.
  • the abrasion that often occurs in leafy form is largely avoided during the separation process, while such abrasion occasionally occurs in an undesirable manner with a thicker overall cross section, particularly in the case of food packaging.
  • a further aspect of the invention consists in that (only) the sealing punch of the sealing device has a groove, the groove having a width corresponding to the width of the sealing clip and a depth that is less than the overall leg thickness exposed to the sealing process.
  • the side walls of the groove then lie against the lateral outer edges of the bent leg ends and the clamp legs and prevent them from being able to move sideways. Because the depth of the groove is only a part of the total thickness of the legs exposed to the closing process and the closing punch cannot therefore be supported in any other way, the closing pressure is exerted uniformly over the width of the clip; so far there is no difference to closing with conventional closing tools.
  • the width of the clamps in the region of the leg ends and the adjoining leg sections is reduced in the manner described above, the development corresponds to Invention the width of the groove this reduced width of the bracket leg ends.
  • the locking die according to the invention can also act directly on the other legs and exert closing pressure next to the leg ends, which are usually bent outwards.
  • the depth of the groove must be less than the thickness of the leg ends bent outwards so that they are fully pressed.
  • the arrangement is preferably also such that the groove has a depth that decreases in its longitudinal direction (circumferential direction of the clip) from the center to the ends. This also ensures that the closing force is distributed as evenly as possible to the clamp during the closing process, without impairing the guiding function of the groove in the region of the leg ends.
  • FIG. 1 shows a closure clip strand in a perspective view
  • FIG. 2a shows a modified closure clip strand in a side view
  • FIG. 2b shows a cross section of the closure clip strand in FIG. 2a
  • Closure clip strand in a side view corresponding to FIG. 2a; 4 shows a closing device according to the invention in side view;
  • FIG. 6 shows the closing device of FIG. 4 in a perspective view and a section in the sectional plane of FIG. 1;
  • FIG. 7 shows an illustration corresponding to FIG. 6 of a closing device for closing the closing clips according to the first aspect of the invention.
  • the ends 6 (see FIG. 2) of the legs 4 forming the connecting webs 2 and in each case a small section 3 of the legs 4 are reduced in bandwidth parallel to the longitudinal axis of the closure clip strand.
  • the side surfaces 6a of the leg ends 6 and the side surfaces 3a of the sections 3 of the legs 4 run parallel to one another.
  • the (later) separation point in the connecting web 2 is indicated by the dash-dotted line 2a.
  • the bracket base is designated 7.
  • FIGS. 2a, 3a and 3b show the closure clip strand 1 from FIG. 1 with U-shaped embossments 11 at the transition from the clip legs 4 to the connecting web 2.
  • FIG. 2b the closure clip strand 1 from FIGS. 2a, 3a and 3b with the Side surfaces 3a of section 3 with reduced bandwidth are shown in section.
  • the material cross section 12 in the middle of the connecting web 2 is larger than the material cross section 13 in the area of the U-shaped embossments 11.
  • the clamp strand 1 can be on one of the U-shaped embossments Bend 11.
  • 3a therefore shows the closure clip strand 1 of FIG. 2a with a hollow arch 14 on the underside of the connecting web 2 between the U-shaped impressions 11 and FIG. 3b with a hollow arch 16 on the top of the connecting web 2 between the U-shaped embossments 11.
  • the closure clip strand bends only in the middle of the connecting web 2, the later separation point 2a.
  • the closing device according to the invention is now described.
  • the matrix 8 of which only the upper part, which is of interest here, is shown in FIG. 4, has a trough-shaped recess 22 which, at the beginning of a closing process, partially accommodates a closing clip 30, which has already been closed in FIG. 4, and forms the necessary abutment during the closing process.
  • a corrugation 24 on the bottom of the recess 22 holds the closure clip 30 in the desired position during the closing process when it begins with the cutting of the clip 30 from a strip of contiguous clips (FIG. 1); for this purpose, the cutting edges 25 and 26 (on the closing punch) work together.
  • the closing ram 9 can be moved in the direction of the arrow 28 (which can be a swiveling movement with a large swiveling radius). 4, 6 and 7, the closing punch 9 has reached its lower end position - at the end of a closing process.
  • the active surface 29 of the closing die 9 is, as shown in FIG. 4, concave.
  • a groove 10 is worked into the active surface 29, the depth of which is greatest in the middle (at 31) and decreases towards the ends; to zero in the example.
  • the greatest depth of the groove is less than the thickness of the legs 4 of the bracket 30; it only reaches the (smaller) thickness of the leg ends 6 at their outlet. 5, which only shows the closing stamp 9, shows the cross section of the groove 10, which is rounded in the corners 32.
  • the closure clip 30 After a closure clip 30 has been separated from the clip strand - and before it is closed - the closure clip 30 has an upwardly open U-shape with diverging legs 4, which are followed by leg ends 6 which are angled into the horizontal. These are gripped by the groove 10 during the closing process and guided laterally in this. During a further stroke of the closing die 9, the legs 4 bend around the packaging braid 5, the leg ends 6 firmly resting on the outside of the legs 4, which ultimately results in the shape shown in FIGS. 4 and 6. 6, the cut braid 5 of a sausage casing or the like is indicated within the closed bracket 30.
  • the closure clip 30 in FIG. 7 is the one described above, in which the width of the leg ends 6 and a subsequent part 3 of the legs 4 are reduced.
  • the width of the groove 10 is correspondingly reduced Sections of the active surface 29 of the sealing die 9 located on both sides next to the groove 10 act directly on the shoulders 4a of the sealing clip 30 at the end of the sealing operation, which shoulders are formed after the leg sections 3 of reduced width from the subsequent full-width sections .
  • the drawing shows that the leg ends 6 (of smaller width) as parts of the former connecting web 2 have been pressed centrally against the outer surface of the legs 4.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Package Closures (AREA)
  • Packages (AREA)
  • Display Racks (AREA)
  • Package Frames And Binding Bands (AREA)
  • Packaging Of Annular Or Rod-Shaped Articles, Wearing Apparel, Cassettes, Or The Like (AREA)
  • Bag Frames (AREA)
  • Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)

Abstract

Des agrafes en U pour fermer des sachets et des tubes formés dans une bande de matériau comprennent un fond (7) et deux branches (4) dont les extrémités sont courbées vers l'extérieur de façon à former une tige de liaison (2) par laquelle chaque agrafe est reliée de manière détachable aux agrafes d'une une rangée (1) d'agrafes. Lorsque l'on détache des agrafes individuelles de la rangée (1), des bavures de séparation qui dépassent de la largeur de l'agrafe en résultent, ce qui peut provoquer des dommages sur l'emballage ainsi fermé et sur d'autres emballages. Pour résoudre ce problème, la largeur de la bande d'agrafes est rétrécie des deux côtés de façon approximativement parallèle dans la zone des extrémités (6) des branches (4) sur une section (3) de celles-ci. Les extrémités (6) des branches repliées vers l'extérieur reposent ainsi uniformément sur le côté extérieur des branches (4), dans les limites de la largeur de la bande, sans bavures de séparation qui dépassent au-delà de la largeur de la bande. Un dispositif de fermeture de sachets et de tubes au moyen de ces agrafes de séparation comprend un poinçon de fermeture (9) qui coopère avec une matrice (8) et dans la surface de travail (29) duquel est ménagée une rainure (10) dont la largeur correspond à celle de l'agrafe de fermeture et dont la profondeur est inférieure à l'épaisseur totale de la branche utilisée pour le processus de fermeture. Pendant le processus de fermeture, la rainure (10) guide grâce à ses parois latérales les extrémités (6) des branches et assure un repoussage dépourvu de bavures des extrémités (6) des branches des agrafes qui sont serrées sur le côté extérieur des branches (4) des agrafes.
EP90900072A 1988-12-28 1989-12-21 Agrafe en u et dispositif pour fermer des sachets et des tubes Expired - Lifetime EP0452338B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT90900072T ATE86205T1 (de) 1988-12-28 1989-12-21 U-foermige verschlussklammer fuer beutel und schlaeuche und vorrichtung zu deren verschliessen.

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE19883844052 DE3844052C1 (en) 1988-12-28 1988-12-28 U-shaped closure clip for bags and tubes
DE3844052 1988-12-28
DE3940262 1989-12-06
DE19893940262 DE3940262A1 (de) 1988-12-28 1989-12-06 Vorrichtung zum verschliessen von beuteln und schlaeuchen

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0452338A1 true EP0452338A1 (fr) 1991-10-23
EP0452338B1 EP0452338B1 (fr) 1993-03-03

Family

ID=25875746

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP90900072A Expired - Lifetime EP0452338B1 (fr) 1988-12-28 1989-12-21 Agrafe en u et dispositif pour fermer des sachets et des tubes

Country Status (13)

Country Link
US (2) US5247723A (fr)
EP (1) EP0452338B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2927939B2 (fr)
AU (1) AU637594B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8907862A (fr)
DE (1) DE58903688D1 (fr)
DK (1) DK169944B1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2040589T3 (fr)
FI (1) FI97045C (fr)
HU (2) HUT58251A (fr)
LV (1) LV11020B (fr)
RU (1) RU2010756C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO1990007459A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1980496A2 (fr) 2005-09-09 2008-10-15 Tipper Tie technopack GmbH Dispositif de fermeture d'un tuyau flexible d'emballage

Families Citing this family (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5696803A (en) * 1996-08-07 1997-12-09 Motorola, Inc. Barrel shifter and method of making same
DE19700692A1 (de) * 1997-01-11 1998-07-23 Poly Clip System Gmbh & Co Kg Verschlußklammer für Beutel und Schläuche sowie Matrize für ihre Verarbeitung
ES1037953Y (es) * 1997-07-28 1998-11-01 Barroso Angel L Grapa para el cierre de embutidos.
DE19901220B4 (de) * 1999-01-14 2004-04-08 Poly-Clip System Gmbh & Co Kg Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Verschließen von Verpackungen aus flexiblem Material
US7565780B2 (en) * 2005-02-04 2009-07-28 Poly-Clip System Corp. Clip and clipper
US20060174590A1 (en) * 2005-02-04 2006-08-10 Robert Pinto Net clip and clipper
CA2637264A1 (fr) * 2006-01-27 2007-08-09 Poly-Clip System Corp. Attache et dispositif d'attache
DE102006017537A1 (de) * 2006-04-13 2007-10-18 Poly-Clip System Gmbh & Co. Kg Verschlussklammer und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung
DE202006012324U1 (de) * 2006-08-10 2006-12-21 Poly-Clip System Gmbh & Co. Kg Clipmaschine
DE102007011423A1 (de) * 2007-03-08 2008-09-11 Poly-Clip System Gmbh & Co Kg Schließwerkzeugbaugruppe
DE102007012776A1 (de) * 2007-03-16 2008-09-18 Poly-Clip System Gmbh & Co Kg Verschlussklammer mit Rundboden
US8808066B2 (en) * 2007-09-25 2014-08-19 Poly-Clip System Corp. Plastic wire clipper/stuffer
JP7040088B2 (ja) * 2018-02-09 2022-03-23 マックス株式会社 結束具
HUE056756T2 (hu) * 2019-03-05 2022-03-28 Noguera Sagar Lorenzo Klipsz kolbászbél összeszorítással történõ lezárására

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GB1053611A (fr) * 1900-01-01
DE26556C (de) * 1883-05-09 1884-03-29 E C Kromschroeder Neuerung an mehrfachen Einfräsungen im Maule de Zangen zum Krampen de Schweine
GB324488A (en) * 1928-12-22 1930-01-30 William Alexander Harrison Improvements in or relating to spring surfaces for upholstery
FR1073339A (fr) * 1951-12-19 1954-09-23 Machine pour ligaturer des enveloppes souples
US2709255A (en) * 1951-12-19 1955-05-31 Frank Joseph James Machines for fastening closures
GB920335A (en) * 1958-08-19 1963-03-06 Amp Inc Improvements in closures for flexible wrapping material
CH447109A (de) * 1964-12-18 1967-11-30 Tipper Tie Inc Verfahren zum Anbringen einer U-förmigen Klammer um einen zu verschliessenden Gegenstand und Heftapparat zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
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US3913628A (en) * 1971-05-10 1975-10-21 Kartridg Pak Co Method and apparatus for hermetically sealing a package
US3940841A (en) * 1975-02-18 1976-03-02 Rheem Manufacturing Company Clipper apparatus for attaching material to a broomstick or the like
DE3715626A1 (de) * 1987-05-11 1988-12-01 Niedecker Herbert U-foermige verschluss-klammer fuer beutel und schlaeuche
US4807345A (en) * 1987-08-07 1989-02-28 Delaware Capital Formation, Inc. Manually operated clip attachment apparatus

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See references of WO9007459A1 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1980496A2 (fr) 2005-09-09 2008-10-15 Tipper Tie technopack GmbH Dispositif de fermeture d'un tuyau flexible d'emballage
EP2292521A1 (fr) 2005-09-09 2011-03-09 Tipper Tie technopack GmbH Bride de fermeture pour un tube d'emballage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2927939B2 (ja) 1999-07-28
JPH04502895A (ja) 1992-05-28
DK169944B1 (da) 1995-04-10
FI97045C (fi) 1996-10-10
AU4810190A (en) 1990-08-01
LV11020B (en) 1996-06-20
HUT58251A (en) 1992-02-28
EP0452338B1 (fr) 1993-03-03
FI97045B (fi) 1996-06-28
FI912929A0 (fi) 1991-06-17
DK126391A (da) 1991-06-27
HU900383D0 (en) 1991-09-30
ES2040589T3 (es) 1993-10-16
AU637594B2 (en) 1993-06-03
DE58903688D1 (de) 1993-04-08
DK126391D0 (da) 1991-06-27
RU2010756C1 (ru) 1994-04-15
HU211388B (en) 1995-11-28
US5497645A (en) 1996-03-12
LV11020A (lv) 1996-02-20
US5247723A (en) 1993-09-28
WO1990007459A1 (fr) 1990-07-12
BR8907862A (pt) 1991-10-22

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