EP0441364A1 - Verfahren zur thermischen Regulierung eines Kochgefässes und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens - Google Patents

Verfahren zur thermischen Regulierung eines Kochgefässes und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0441364A1
EP0441364A1 EP91101646A EP91101646A EP0441364A1 EP 0441364 A1 EP0441364 A1 EP 0441364A1 EP 91101646 A EP91101646 A EP 91101646A EP 91101646 A EP91101646 A EP 91101646A EP 0441364 A1 EP0441364 A1 EP 0441364A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
temperature
heating
controlling
pan
preventing
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP91101646A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP0441364B1 (de
Inventor
Yosio Akamatu
Mitsuo Yokohata
Fumiko Hashimoto
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Holdings Corp
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Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd
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Publication date
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Publication of EP0441364A1 publication Critical patent/EP0441364A1/de
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05D—SYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00—Control of temperature
    • G05D23/19—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means
    • G05D23/1951—Control of temperature characterised by the use of electric means with control of the working time of a temperature controlling device
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47J—KITCHEN EQUIPMENT; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; APPARATUS FOR MAKING BEVERAGES
    • A47J27/00—Cooking-vessels
    • A47J27/56—Preventing boiling over, e.g. of milk
    • A47J27/62—Preventing boiling over, e.g. of milk by devices for automatically controlling the heat supply by switching off heaters or for automatically lifting the cooking-vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24C—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES ; DETAILS OF DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
    • F24C3/00—Stoves or ranges for gaseous fuels
    • F24C3/12—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24C3/126—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices on ranges

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a controlling apparatus and a controlling method for controlling heating output for a cooking pan with an aim to realize safety cooking, whereby it is automatically detected the type of cooking of the material to be cooked in said pan for instance boiling or frying, thereby to prevent scorching of said material if it is boiling or an oil fire if it is frying.
  • Fig. 10 is a perspective view seen from the front face of a conventional gas range and Fig. 11 is an enlarged front view of an operating panel 1 of the gas range.
  • the conventional gas range is constituted of the operating panel 1, a burner 2, a fire-iron crest 3, an adjusting knob 4 for adjusting the force or strength of the gas, an ignition/extinction button 6, etc.
  • a user selects a key corresponding to an intending menu from the cooking menus indicated on the operating panel 1 (Fig. 11) and depresses the ignition button 6. It is inconvenient, however, when the intending menu does not agree with the cooking mode indicated on the cooking panel 1.
  • the conventional gas range is provided with a highly accurate detecting means.
  • the detecting means is to correctly achieve the intending menu of the material containing moisture through a water-boiling key 7 (for automatically extinguishes the range when water boils) and a boiling or stewing key 8 (for actuating an automatic extinction timer set beforehand to be actuated after the material boils, and simultaneously, automatically switching the force of the gas to be weak, etc.).
  • These keys 7,8 are installed on the operating panel 1 of Fig. 11.
  • a graph of Fig. 12 explains one example how to detect boiling of the material in a conventional manner.
  • a temperature rise (da) per a unit of time (dt) is obtained since a sensor which detects the temperature at the bottom of a cooking pan detects 78°C, and it is assumed from an inclination of the temperature rise (size of (da)) whether the material contains a lot or a little quantity of moisture. Then, an expecting boiling point (ka) is assumed according to the inclination of the temperature rise. A boiling point (fp) is finally detected based on the temperature rise (da1, da2, ...) for every unit of time passing after the sensor detects the expecting boiling point (ka) and a predetermined comparison value set for every quantity of moisture to each temperature rise (da1, da2, ).
  • the conventional gas range it is set as a scorching temperature (fg) when the sensor 5 detects the temperature rise of 13deg from the boiling point, so that the gas range is automatically turned off at the scorching temperature.
  • the temperature rise differs depending on the material and thermal conductivity of the pan, or whether the material contains much moisture or not. Therefore, if all kinds of cooking materials are decided that they reach the scorching temperature (fg) by the same temperature rise (13deg), the material containing less moisture is undesirably liable to be scorched.
  • the temperature rise for deciding the scorching temperature is set much smaller than 13deg, the scorching preventing device is actuated too earlier. It is accordingly impossible to set the temperature rise not larger than 13deg.
  • the conventional overheating preventing device is designed to be turned on when the sensor 5 detects 250°C or so. Therefore, the cooking range is automatically and unexpectedly extinguished at 250°C without an input through the operating panel 1.
  • the conventional gas range is not easy to handle.
  • a burner of the range occupies a wide area of the microcomputer, and therefore many burners cannot be operated by a single microcomputer.
  • the present invention has been devised to solve the above-described disadvantages and has for its essential object to provide a cooking apparatus with the following functions;
  • Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a gas cooking apparatus, seen from the front face thereof, according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram schematically showing the structure of a controlling line of gas and an electronic circuit including a microcomputer.
  • Figs. 3-6 illustrate the constitution of each detecting means mainly centering on a microcomputer incorporated therein.
  • the gas cooking apparatus consists of a plurality of burners, each burner substantially comprised of a heating means 10 and an electronic circuit block 11 as illustrated in the block diagram of Fig. 2.
  • the heating means 10 is formed at least of a gas conduit 12, the ignition/extinction button 6, the gas adjusting lever 4, a main valve 13 which mechanically feeds or stops the gas following the manipulation of the ignition button 6, a safety valve 14 which feeds or shuts the gas through electronic control, a lead wire 14a of the safety valve 14, an adjusting mechanism 15 which is manually operated to adjust the force of the gas through the adjusting lever 4, an electromagnetic valve 16 used in setting the minimum flow rate of the gas through electronic control, a lead wire 16a of the electromagnetic valve 16, a bypass nozzle 17 used in setting the minimum flow rate of the gas when the electromagnetic valve 16 is closed, a main nozzle 18 to set the maximum flow rate of the gas, a switch 19 interlocked with the ignition button 6, a lead wire 19a of the switch, a burner 2, a sensor 5 for detecting the temperature at the bottom of a pan, an ignition electrode 20 and a lead wire 20a of the ignition electrode 20.
  • the electronic circuit block 11 is connected with a power circuit 23 through a power switch 22 from a power cord 21 of AC 100V, so that power is fed to each electronic circuit block from the power circuit 23.
  • the electronic circuit block is necessary in number corresponding to the number of burners, and is substantially comprised of a heating controlling means 24, a temperature detecting means 25, a moisture detecting means 26, a scorching preventing means 27, an overheating preventing means 28, an ignition device 30, an alarming buzzer 29, and an alarming lamp 9.
  • the switch 19 is brought into the ON state, whereby the safety valve 14 and electromagnetic valve 16 controlled by the heating controlling means 24 are opened subsequent to the supply of the power.
  • the gas is sent to the burner 2 from the gas conduit 12, main valve 13, safety valve 14, force adjusting mechanism 15, passing through the electromagnetic valve 16 and bypass nozzle 17, to the main nozzle 18.
  • the gas at the burner 2 takes fire when the ignition electrode sparks by a high voltage supplied from the ignition device 30 which is driven for a limited period of time since the switch 19 is turned on.
  • the temperature of the material to be cooked is close to the room temperature and therefore, the temperature sensor 5 indicates a temperature close to the room temperature.
  • the safety valve 14 and electromagnetic valve 16 are in the opened state.
  • the heat generating amount can be controlled at the user's desired value by manipulating the force adjusting mechanism 15 through the adjusting lever 4.
  • the heat generating amount when the force adjusting mechanism 15 is controlled at the minimum level is set beforehand to be approximately equal to the minimum flow rate of the gas flowing out of the bypass nozzle 17 while the electromagnetic valve 16 is in the OFF state. Accordingly, the electromagnetic valve 16 can be substituted by adjusting the adjusting lever 4 manually to the minimum level.
  • the burner is extinguished by means of the ignition/extinction button 6 or by stopping the power supply to the safety valve 14.
  • the resistance of the temperature sensor 5 having a thermistor as a temperature detecting element changes as well.
  • the change of the resistance is input to the electronic circuit block 11 via the lead wire 5a.
  • the input resistance value changing along with the temperature change of the sensor 5 is added with or subtracted a predetermined coefficient, and turned to be a temperature value by the temperature detecting means 25.
  • Fig. 3 is a block diagram showing the basic structure of various kinds of detecting means of the gas cooking apparatus.
  • the temperature detecting means 25 detects the heating state of the pan containing the material to be cooked by the heating means 10 controlled by the heating controlling means 24.
  • the moisture detecting means 26 detects whether the material to be cooked is an object to be boiled, fried or sauteed.
  • the scorching preventing means 27 is actuated to monitor the material and generate a controlling signal both to the heating controlling means 24 and to the alarming means 29 when the material reaches the scorching temperature.
  • the overheating preventing means 28 is started to monitor if the material is overheated.
  • a controlling signal is sent out from the overheating preventing means 28 to the heating controlling means 24 and alarming means 29 when the material reaches the overheating temperature.
  • Fig. 4 explains the operation of the moisture detecting means 26.
  • the temperature detected by the temperature detecting means 25 (hereinafter referred to as a detecting temperature) is taken into the moisture detecting means 26 every preset time, so that the difference between the detecting temperature and the temperature a predetermined time before (e.g., 40 seconds) is obtained.
  • the average of an absolute value of an inclination of the earlier-mentioned temperature rise (hereinafter referred to as an average value of the temperature inclination) is also calculated (P1). It is detected whether the material is not lower than a predetermined temperature (e.g., 80°C) (P2). If the temperature is equal to or lower than 80°C, the decision of the material to be cooked is cleared (P3) and the process returns to P1.
  • a predetermined temperature e.g. 80°C
  • the process skips to P12 if the detecting temperature is lower than the lower limit (e.g., lower than 97°C).
  • the detecting temperature is not higher than the lower limit, it is detected whether the material to be cooked is already decided to be boiled (P5).
  • the process goes to P12.
  • the process goes to P6, where it is judged whether a mask (e.g., 40 seconds) is finished after the material is decided.
  • the process proceeds to P12 if the mask is not finished or to P7 if the mask is finished.
  • the detecting temperature is not higher than the upper limit (e.g., 130°C) of the boiling detecting temperature region (P7), and if the detecting temperature is higher than the upper limit, the process proceeds to P19, whereas, if the detecting temperature is not higher than the upper limit, the process goes to P8. It is detected whether the aforementioned temperature inclination is within a certain range (e.g., 2deg) (P8).
  • the material to be cooked is decided to be boiled when the condition meets (P10), with a boiling signal generated (P11).
  • the process goes to P19, where the material to be cooked is decided to be fried.
  • a frying signal is generated (P20) and a mask is set (P18), and then the process goes to P12.
  • Fig. 5 illustrates the operation of the scorching preventing means 27.
  • the aforementioned detecting temperature measured when the moisture detecting means 26 detects that the material to be cooked is to be boiled is set as a boiling temperature (P21).
  • the boiling temperature is compared with a predetermined temperature (e.g., 108°C) to detect the heat conduction of the material (P22).
  • a predetermined high coefficient e.g., 13deg
  • a predetermined low coefficient e.g., 5deg
  • the obtained value is set as a scorching preventing temperature (P25), and then it is detected whether the detecting temperature is higher than the scorching preventing temperature (P26).
  • a controlling signal to prevent scorching is output to the detecting means at the succeeding stage, alarming buzzer 29 and heating controlling means 24 only when the detecting temperature is higher than the scorching preventing temperature (P27).
  • a timer means P28 installed within the overheating preventing means 28, the time passing after the controlling signal to prevent scorching is generated is counted (P28a), and whether a predetermined time (e.g., 20 seconds) has passed since then is detected (P28b).
  • the heating controlling means 24 is detected whether the heat generating amount is reduced in the predetermined time by the heating controlling means 24 or whether the detecting temperature becomes not higher than the scorching preventing temperature in the predetermined time subsequent to "stir" of the material or "addition of the other materials to be cooked” (P28c).
  • the condition is held (i.e., the detecting temperature becomes lower than the scorching preventing temperature)
  • the timer means is released (P28d), with the heating controlling means being returned to work, so that the process is led to P26.
  • the heating controlling means 24 is driven to stop heating (P28e).
  • the operation of the heating controlling means 24 will be explained with reference to Fig. 6. It is detected whether the detecting temperature is higher than an overheating restricting temperature (P29). If the detecting temperature is higher than the restricting temperature, an overheating restricting signal is generated (P30), and at the same time, an instruction to reduce the heating amount is generated to the alarming buzzer 29 and heating controlling means 24 (P31). It is detected (P32) after the detecting temperature exceeds the overheating restricting temperature whether the former is lower than an overheating preventing temperature. Then, it is detected (P33) when the condition is met whether the detecting temperature is lower than a temperature obtained by subtracting a predetermined temperature (e.g., 2°C) from the overheating restricting temperature.
  • a predetermined temperature e.g., 2°C
  • the detecting temperature is lower than the above-obtained temperature, generation of the overheating restricting signal is stopped (P34) and an instruction to recover the heating amount is generated to the heating controlling means 24 (P35). The process returns to P30.
  • the detecting temperature is higher than the overheating preventing temperature (P32)
  • a signal indicating that the detecting temperature is not lower than the overheating preventing temperature is generated (P36) and an instruction to stop heating is output to the alarming buzzer 29 and heating controlling means 24.
  • the gas cooking apparatus of the present invention In the basic structure of the gas cooking apparatus of the present invention as shown in Fig. 3, it becomes unnecessary to select a menu from the cooking menus on the operating panel 1. In consequence, the gas cooking apparatus can be used easily in the same manner as an ordinary range without a safety function, ensuring ready access thereto even for the aged or inexperienced people.
  • a heating point 32 at the bottom of a pan 31 containing the material to be cooked is heated by the fire of the burner 2, the heat scatters from the heating point 32 to the pan 31 and is transferred to the material to be cooked in the pan.
  • the material to be cooked is uniformly heated because of the convection.
  • the temperature sensor 5 detects the temperature at the center of the bottom of the pan which temperature is a mixture of the boiling temperature and scorching preventing temperature. If the material to be cooked has high concentration, the convection proceeds slowly, resulting in a lot of time for the convective heat to reach the center of the bottom of the pan. Furthermore, the thermal conductivity to transfer the heat to the central bottom of the pan 31 is different depending on the material and thickness of the pan (although the temperature difference between a measuring point 34 at the central bottom of a thin aluminum pan having good thermal conductivity and the water is as small as about 2deg, the temperature of the measuring point 34 is raised higher if the aluminum pan is thick, since the pan is uniformly heated much faster due to the heat transfer of the aluminum than the water is substituted by the heat.
  • Fig. 8(A) shows the temperature at the bottom of the pan 31, namely, at the measuring point 34 of the pan 31 containing water varies in the range 102-125°C depending on the material and thickness of the pan although the water boils at 100°C.
  • Fig. 8(B) shows the temperature at the measuring point 34 when the water (a) boils and when the material (b) to be cooked such as curry or the like boils in the pan of the same material and the same thickness. The temperature difference of about 5deg is generated.
  • a limit temperature to decide boiling of the material with clear distinction from oil indicated by a temperature curve F.
  • the upper limit temperature is set near 130°C from the temperature of the measuring point 34 of an earthen pot. It is not good to set the upper limit temperature not lower than 130°C because the temperature becomes very close to the cooking temperature of fried eggs or material to be sauteed, causing an erroneous detection.
  • the lower limit temperature in the region is set slightly lower than the boiling point of the water (about 97°C) in consideration of errors of the components.
  • the scorching preventing temperature for the scorching preventing means 26 were set constant according to the material and thickness of the pan 31 or the kind of material to be cooked (referring to Fig. 5), even the same material might be scorched in a different way depending on the using pan. Moreover, the scorching preventing arrangement would be erroneously effected before the material is fully boiled down. As such, the scorching preventing temperature is set corresponding to the temperature of the bottom of the pan when each material boils, thereby keeping the material to be scorched as constantly as possible. Furthermore, since the timer means P28 is provided in the gas cooking apparatus, the gas is not automatically extinguished immediately when the detecting temperature reaches the scorching preventing temperature set for the scorching preventing means 27. The user is permitted to stir the material or add another object, etc. Accordingly, the gas cooking apparatus is convenient to use.
  • the overheating preventing means 28 shown in Fig. 6 has two stages of temperatures set respectively for preventing overheating (P32) and for restricting overheating (P29), with an aim to solve inconveniences encountered in use of the conventional range with an overheating preventing function. More specifically, with reference to Fig. 9 showing the temperature zone in various kinds of menus, it is clear that as the user adjusts the force of the gas unconsciously according to the menu when using an ordinary range, the cooking temperature by means of a frying pan when beans or small dried sardines are parched or in making meuniere, roasting beefsteak, etc. is set higher than is necessary for the menu, exceeding the overheating preventing temperature. As a result, the above-mentioned menu cannot be satisfactorily finished by the conventional overheating preventing arrangement since the arrangement is designed to function in an automatic manner during cooking.
  • the overheating preventing means 28 of the present invention has the overheating restricting temperature (P29) set to enable cooking of the above menu not higher than the overheating preventing temperature, namely, 250°C.
  • the overheating restricting temperature At the overheating restricting temperature, an alarm is generated (P30) and the heating amount is controlled (P31), so that the temperature of the frying pan does not reach the overheating preventing temperature.
  • the temperature sensor 5 detects the overheating restricting temperature (P29)
  • the temperature of the frying pan cannot be immediately lowered.
  • the cooking apparatus of the present invention can achieve the following effects:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Control Of Combustion (AREA)
  • Cookers (AREA)
  • Frying-Pans Or Fryers (AREA)
  • Electric Stoves And Ranges (AREA)
EP91101646A 1990-02-09 1991-02-07 Verfahren zur thermischen Regulierung eines Kochgefässes und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung dieses Verfahrens Expired - Lifetime EP0441364B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP02030862A JP3077150B2 (ja) 1990-02-09 1990-02-09 調理器
JP30862/90 1990-02-09

Publications (2)

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EP0441364A1 true EP0441364A1 (de) 1991-08-14
EP0441364B1 EP0441364B1 (de) 1993-11-18

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US (1) US5096116A (de)
EP (1) EP0441364B1 (de)
JP (1) JP3077150B2 (de)
KR (1) KR950000267B1 (de)
CN (1) CN1021363C (de)
AU (1) AU622584B2 (de)
CA (1) CA2035950C (de)
DE (1) DE69100634T2 (de)

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EP0514109A2 (de) * 1991-05-17 1992-11-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Heizleistungssteuerung
AT399235B (de) * 1992-12-24 1995-04-25 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zur funktionskontrolle eines temperaturfühlers
WO2001027535A2 (de) * 1999-10-14 2001-04-19 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Gaskocher
EP2221544A1 (de) 2009-02-23 2010-08-25 FagorBrandt SAS Sicherheitsvorrichtung eines Gasgerätes mit einem Sicherheitselektroventil
EP2885583A4 (de) * 2012-08-14 2016-03-23 Primaira Llc Vorrichtung und verfahren zur kochfeldbrandabschwächung
CN105843062A (zh) * 2016-04-11 2016-08-10 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 家用电器的控制方法及家用电器
US11067288B2 (en) 2017-05-15 2021-07-20 Backer Ehp Inc. Dual coil electric heating element
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JPH08228743A (ja) * 1995-02-23 1996-09-10 Fuji Electric Co Ltd 自動調理機の制御装置
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US5975072A (en) * 1995-09-12 1999-11-02 Garceau; William J. Fluid flow valves and cooking machine control system utilizing such valves
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US7516692B2 (en) 2003-02-18 2009-04-14 Therm-Omega-Tech, Inc. Method and apparatus for slow cooking
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CN110507183B (zh) * 2019-08-27 2021-04-09 九阳股份有限公司 一种烹饪器具的干烧保护方法、烹饪器具及存储介质
CN117369558B (zh) * 2023-12-06 2024-02-06 广州蚁窝智能科技有限公司 一种基于人工智能的温控保温餐炉控制系统

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EP0514109A2 (de) * 1991-05-17 1992-11-19 Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Heizleistungssteuerung
EP0514109A3 (de) * 1991-05-17 1994-02-16 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd
AT399235B (de) * 1992-12-24 1995-04-25 Vaillant Gmbh Verfahren zur funktionskontrolle eines temperaturfühlers
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WO2001027535A3 (de) * 1999-10-14 2001-10-18 Bsh Bosch Siemens Hausgeraete Gaskocher
US6554197B2 (en) 1999-10-14 2003-04-29 BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH Gas cooktop and vessel for the cooktop
EP2221544A1 (de) 2009-02-23 2010-08-25 FagorBrandt SAS Sicherheitsvorrichtung eines Gasgerätes mit einem Sicherheitselektroventil
FR2942528A1 (fr) * 2009-02-23 2010-08-27 Fagorbrandt Sas Dispositif de securite d'un appareil a gaz comprenant une electrovanne de securite.
EP2885583A4 (de) * 2012-08-14 2016-03-23 Primaira Llc Vorrichtung und verfahren zur kochfeldbrandabschwächung
EP2885583B1 (de) 2012-08-14 2020-06-24 Primaira, LLC Kochfeld mit einer vorrichtung zur brandabschwächung und entsprechendes verfahren
CN105843062A (zh) * 2016-04-11 2016-08-10 广东美的厨房电器制造有限公司 家用电器的控制方法及家用电器
US11067288B2 (en) 2017-05-15 2021-07-20 Backer Ehp Inc. Dual coil electric heating element
US11098904B2 (en) 2017-05-15 2021-08-24 Backer Ehp Inc. Dual coil electric heating element
USD955168S1 (en) 2019-07-03 2022-06-21 Backer Ehp Inc. Electric heating element
US11581156B2 (en) 2019-07-03 2023-02-14 Backer Ehp Inc. Dual coil electric heating element
US11929220B2 (en) 2019-07-03 2024-03-12 Backer Ehp Inc. Dual coil electric heating element

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US5096116A (en) 1992-03-17
DE69100634D1 (de) 1993-12-23
DE69100634T2 (de) 1994-06-01
AU7027391A (en) 1991-08-15
AU622584B2 (en) 1992-04-09
JPH03236518A (ja) 1991-10-22
CA2035950A1 (en) 1991-08-10
JP3077150B2 (ja) 2000-08-14
KR950000267B1 (en) 1995-01-12
CN1021363C (zh) 1993-06-23
EP0441364B1 (de) 1993-11-18
KR910015821A (ko) 1991-09-30
CN1054481A (zh) 1991-09-11
CA2035950C (en) 1994-10-11

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