EP0329856B1 - Dispositif pour la fabrication d'éléments en béton - Google Patents

Dispositif pour la fabrication d'éléments en béton Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0329856B1
EP0329856B1 EP88121815A EP88121815A EP0329856B1 EP 0329856 B1 EP0329856 B1 EP 0329856B1 EP 88121815 A EP88121815 A EP 88121815A EP 88121815 A EP88121815 A EP 88121815A EP 0329856 B1 EP0329856 B1 EP 0329856B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
arrangement according
ring
mould core
cam
mould
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88121815A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP0329856A2 (fr
EP0329856A3 (fr
Inventor
Richard Kraiss
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Georg Prinzing & Co KG Betonformen- und Maschinenfabrik GmbH
Original Assignee
Georg Prinzing & Co KG Betonformen- und Maschinenfabrik GmbH
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Publication of EP0329856A2 publication Critical patent/EP0329856A2/fr
Publication of EP0329856A3 publication Critical patent/EP0329856A3/fr
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Publication of EP0329856B1 publication Critical patent/EP0329856B1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B21/00—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
    • B28B21/56—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles incorporating reinforcements or inserts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
    • B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
    • B28B21/00—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles
    • B28B21/02—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by casting into moulds
    • B28B21/10—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by casting into moulds using compacting means
    • B28B21/22—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by casting into moulds using compacting means using rotatable mould or core parts
    • B28B21/24—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by casting into moulds using compacting means using rotatable mould or core parts using compacting heads, rollers, or the like
    • B28B21/26—Methods or machines specially adapted for the production of tubular articles by casting into moulds using compacting means using rotatable mould or core parts using compacting heads, rollers, or the like with a packer head serving as a sliding mould or provided with guiding means for feeding the material

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for producing concrete parts of the type mentioned in the preamble of claim 1.
  • a device of this type is known (DE-A-21 31 898), the shape of which has only an outer molded casing and which is provided with a pressing device which has at least one pressing head which has a plurality of rings or disks.
  • a pressing device which has at least one pressing head which has a plurality of rings or disks.
  • three eccentric circular disks are provided in this press head, which are movable transversely within a radial plane relative to the longitudinal central axis of the shaped jacket and are intended to exert a radial pressing effect on the concrete material radially from the inside out.
  • the circular disks represent eccentrics which are arranged eccentrically with respect to the longitudinal axis of the shaped jacket, the eccentricity resulting from the fact that eccentric bushings are seated on a shaft projecting into the shaped jacket from above, which specify the eccentricity and on which the circular disks are arranged .
  • the press head is located at the lower end of the shaft mentioned, which dips into the mold jacket from above.
  • a drive is provided on the outside for the press head.
  • the wave is going also moved vertically downwards or upwards, i.e. downwards and upwards.
  • the mold also has a vibrator, which should be located in the area of the lower sleeve ring of the tubular shape and should only be switched on and run until this lower sleeve ring is filled.
  • This vibrator should therefore only compact the concrete by vibration, which falls in the area of the lower sleeve ring and cannot be reached by the eccentric circular discs. Otherwise there should be no vibration, but the concrete should be compacted by an upper centrifugal disc, which is intended to effect a pre-compaction, and the final compaction by the press head.
  • the press head is arranged at the lower end of the shaft which is immersed in the mold jacket from above, from the beginning to the lower end of the mold jacket, and which occurs when the concrete part is formed, that grows from the bottom up, is gradually pulled up.
  • This known device which has no mold core and also no vibrator arranged inside the mold core, has the disadvantage that - apart from the only small amount of concrete that fills the area of the lower sleeve ring and is to be compacted by the vibrator described only in the text - otherwise, the concrete is not compacted by vibration, but the concrete is to be compacted solely by radial pressing movement, without shaking.
  • the known device therefore only enables inadequate compaction of the concrete, which in no case meets the requirements placed on concrete parts.
  • Another disadvantage is that the press head, which is driven from above via the shaft immersed in the mold jacket, has an absolutely insufficient guidance in a mold without a mold core. Below the press head, the diameter of the concrete part to be produced, for example the Rohres, change.
  • Another disadvantage is that the filling of the concrete material from above is difficult because the upwardly projecting drive shaft, which protrudes into the inner region of the molded jacket, is a hindrance.
  • the mold only has an outer mold shell, but no inner mold core.
  • a press head is provided, which is placed at the lower end of a shaft which projects from above into the interior surrounded by the molded jacket. The shaft is driven from above.
  • a revolving roller is provided which has no eccentric. It is a revolving roller that rolls in a conical part and is thus intended to set the conical part in a pressing movement, which, however, does not take place radially because the cone part is inclined all around.
  • the rotating roller is driven by the shaft and possibly one with no. 11 designated unbalance.
  • the vibration and pressing movement destroy or change the area which is located below the cylindrical part during the production of a concrete part. It must be expected that this area of the concrete part below the cylindrical ring changes, for example the diameter of this part.
  • Another disadvantage is the drive located above, for which the same disadvantages apply as explained at the beginning of document DE-A-21 31 898.
  • the drive from above is disadvantageous, among other things, because it makes filling the concrete considerably more difficult. It is also questionable whether the mold can be evenly filled in the ring area between the press head, which is located at the lower end of the shaft, and the mold jacket. In addition, automatic filling of the mold is not possible because no measured value can be determined as a measure of the current filling level of the concrete.
  • Another disadvantage is that there is extremely high wear between the roller and the conical part of the press head, because the vibrations on the roller produce an extreme knocking and rubbing effect, which leads to high wear. Since there is no mold core and the press head only has to be guided over the relatively long and freely downwardly directed drive shaft, the press head can move radially within the mold shell, so that the production of concrete parts with a constant wall thickness in the circumferential direction is not guaranteed.
  • Document US-A-30 96 556 describes a device which is similar to that in document DE-A-21 31 898 and in which there is likewise no mold core, but only a mold shell, and also no vibrator in the interior of the mold core.
  • the press head sits at the lower end of a relatively long shaft which dips from above into the area which is only delimited by the molded jacket, the drive being effected from above.
  • the device has essentially the same disadvantages as that according to document DE-A-21 31 898.
  • a known device according to FR-A-14 72 820 belongs to the same category. Also in this device there is no inner mold core and no one arranged in the mold core Vibrator provided.
  • the press head is at the lower end of a shaft which is driven from above and that dips from above into the area surrounded by the molded jacket. No radial pressing movements take place here either. Rather, press movements are carried out which run in a plane inclined with respect to the radial plane. In addition, the design is extremely complicated, which is why this device is impractical. Otherwise, this device has the same disadvantages as that according to document DE-A-21 31 898.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a device for producing concrete parts, which enables the production of reproducibly accurate concrete parts in reproducible quality.
  • the press head according to the invention can at the upper end of a mandrel, e.g. replaceable, attached.
  • the press head according to the invention can either be part of a mold core or can instead be replaced as a separate element on another mold core by a device provided there.
  • the mold core which is vibrated by a vibrator, vibrates with a relatively high frequency and small vibration range, eg in the order of 1 - 4 mm.
  • the press head on the other hand, vibrates at a low frequency, for example in the order of 100-800 vibrations per minute, and with a larger vibration range, for example between 10 and 15 mm.
  • the elastic bearing device for example the at least one rubber bearing, between the mandrel and the press head, this different vibration range is possible and the mutual influence of both parts is kept low.
  • the direction of rotation of the vibrator on the mandrel and the unbalance arm of the press head is preferably chosen in opposite directions, which additionally counteracts any torque introduction.
  • a device 10 is shown only schematically, which is used for the production of concrete parts 11, which in the exemplary embodiment shown consist of concrete pipes which are provided with a reinforcement cage 12 made of wire. It goes without saying that instead of such reinforced concrete pipes, if the reinforcement cages 12 are omitted, other concrete pipes and, moreover, other types of concrete parts 11, e.g. B. yard or street gully, manhole rings, manhole necks or the like, can be produced by means of this device 10.
  • the device 10 is designed here as an underfloor machine which has a recessed pit 13.
  • At least one mold is used, which has a mold core 14 and a mold jacket 15, which surrounds the mold core 14 at a radial distance, forming a mold space 16 therebetween.
  • the mandrel 14 is designed as a so-called vibrating core. It has approximately the shape of a hat and is placed on a central vibrator 17, which is firmly attached to an underside support 18, which in turn e.g. is kept stationary.
  • the vibrator 17 protrudes into the interior of the mandrel 14 and extends at least approximately to the upper end region of the mandrel 14.
  • the mandrel 14 is held on the vibrator 17 by means of an indicated receptacle with a clamping device 19, but detachable for replacement purposes.
  • the mold core 14 is provided with a radial pressing device 20, which is only schematically indicated here, which is part of the mold core 14 and will be explained in more detail later.
  • the z. B. is part of the machine frame, a schematically indicated ejection device 22 is displaceably held and guided in the vertical direction.
  • the ejection device 22 has a carriage 23 which can be displaced along the guide 21.
  • the ejection device 22 has, for example, approximately L-shape in a side view. She wears z. B. a lower machine table 24 which is adapted to the shape of the concrete part 11 to be produced and here z. B. consists of a base plate with a central opening 25 therein which is at least slightly larger than the outer diameter of the mandrel 14 which can penetrate it.
  • the machine table 24 is designed as a support for a lower base ring 26 (lower sleeve) which can be placed and supported thereon.
  • the lower base ring 26 is part of the shape. It is supported by means of a vertical support 27 on the machine table 24 and at a distance above it.
  • the lower base ring 26 is used to shape and shape the lower tube end of the concrete part 11 to be produced, which here has a bell shape at the lower end, the front and inward end of this bell being shaped in a conventional manner by the shape of the base ring 26.
  • the ejection device 22 is in turn provided with a schematically indicated vertical guide 28, along which the shaped jacket 15 can be displaced vertically up and down.
  • the shaped jacket 15 is held on a carriage 29, which in turn is slidably and movably held and guided along the guide 28.
  • the ejection device 22 extends with its vertical guide 28 relatively far upwards, with a vertical output translation drive 31, e.g. B. a press cylinder is held, on the projecting piston rod 32, a plate 33 is attached.
  • the plate 33 carries an upper mold ring 34, which is used to shape the upper end of the concrete part 11 to be molded, for. B. the tip end of the tube is used.
  • the upper mold ring 34 can be moved in the vertical direction and in the direction of the mold space 16 and can be raised in the opposite direction.
  • the upper form ring 34 can also be rotated by means of this arrangement about the axis of the translation drive 31, and in this case, for. B. rotatable with changing direction of rotation.
  • the device 10 is further provided with at least one loading device 35, which is also only indicated schematically here.
  • the loading device 35 has a concrete container 36 and below this at least one transport device 37, for. B. a conveyor belt for the concrete material.
  • the transport device 37 is oriented transversely to the form in which the concrete part 11 is manufactured and can be moved back and forth in this direction according to arrow 38 by means of a drive (not shown further).
  • the at least one transport device 37 has, where the concrete material is released from the transport device 37, for example in free fall according to FIG. B. in the form of a scraper ring.
  • the entire loading device 35 is displaceably and movably held and guided relative to the locally located mandrel 14 on a preferably approximately vertical guide extending approximately parallel to the longitudinal central axis of the mandrel 14, this guide being formed here by the guide 21 as part of the machine frame.
  • the loading device 35 is fastened to the ejection device 22, which in turn is held and guided displaceably and movably on the guide 21 by means of the slide 23.
  • a separate guide and, for example, on the machine frame is provided for the guidance, in particular vertical guidance, of the loading device 35.
  • the loading device 35 is then provided with a carriage, by means of which it is guided directly on this guide.
  • This carriage is actuated by a drive device, for example a pressure medium-operated, in particular hydraulic, drive.
  • the device 10 described enables a method and method of production which is described as follows.
  • the slide 29 with the molded casing 15 has been moved all the way up along the guide 28, which is part of the ejection device 22, into a position, not shown, which has made it possible to remove the previously produced concrete part 11.
  • the slide 29 with the molded jacket 15 initially remains in this fully raised position.
  • a lower floor ring 26 with a reinforcing cage 12 is placed on the lower machine table 24, in particular its ejection plate, by hand or in particular in the automatic process and by means of suitable automatic devices. It is assumed that a concrete part 11 is to be produced in this cycle.
  • the drive for the carriage 23 of the ejection device 22 is now activated, so that the ejection device 22 travels downwards along the guide 21 by means of its carriage 23 and together with the carriage 29 and the molded jacket 15 that the upper end of the mandrel 14 with the pressing device 20 there in the inner opening of the lower Bottom ring 26 and the molded jacket 15 protrudes from below.
  • the loading device 35 is then activated.
  • the at least one transport device 37 has been in the retracted position until then, deviating from the position according to FIG. 1.
  • the transport device 37 in FIG. 2 now moves to the right in the direction of the arrow 38 and over the mold space 16 which is open at the top.
  • the amount of concrete 40 to be filled in by the loading device 35 is dependent on Performance sizes, e.g. B. the pressing device 20, controlled, for. B. depending on the torque of the pressing device 20. This torque can, for. B. on the power consumption of drive units or pressure medium, for. B.
  • the pressing device 20 can be measured. Analogously to these values, the transport device 37 is steplessly controlled and the required amount of concrete 40 is poured in above it. The method continues in this manner, with the ejection device 22 complete together with the slide 29 and the mold jacket 15 as well the loading device 35 is moved further down at a constant speed. If the upper end of the mold core 14, in particular the pressing device 20 there, is approximately flush with the upper edge of the mold jacket 15, this downward movement of the ejection device 22 is stopped, as is the filling process of the transport device 37. The transport device 37 is instead in the direction of arrow 38 and in Fig. 1-3 moved back to the left, the stripping device 39 in the form of z. B. an underside scraper scrapes the excess concrete 40 at the top of the mold.
  • the upper molding ring 34 is moved downwards and into the molding space 16 until the upper molding ring 34 assumes a fixed height within the molding jacket 15.
  • the translation drive 31 is stopped and this position is held.
  • the upper mold ring 34 is about the longitudinal central axis in a z. B. offset reciprocating rotary motion.
  • the ejection device 22 together with the slide 29 and the molding jacket 15 and with the upper molding ring 34 is slowly moved downward, the upper molding ring 34 moving further downward and into the molding space 16.
  • the upper end of the concrete part 11 is formed, in the example of the concrete pipe shown, for. B. its spiked end.
  • the pipe length is predetermined by the position of the upper form ring 34, which is constant with each work cycle, because the upper form ring 34 does not perform a pressing process, but only moves the material. Only at the end of this process, the central vibrator 17 and also the radial pressing device 22 are switched off.
  • z. B. first move the carriage 29 with the molded jacket 15 upwards, the upper mold ring 34 still remaining as a counterhold on the finished concrete part 11 and acting as a hold-down device. This enables a reliable demoulding process without the risk that the manufactured concrete part 11, z. B. the pipe, tears or the shaped end, e.g. B. spigot, this concrete part 11 is damaged. Instead, a simultaneous movement of the ejection device 22 and the mold jacket 15 upwards is also possible during demolding, the upper mold ring 24 also acting as a hold-down device.
  • a method for producing concrete parts 11, for example pipes, manhole rings or the like is thus possible in a manner according to the invention in a form which has a preferably central vibrator 17 arranged on a support 18 on the underside, and one on the vibrator 17 Detachably attachable mold core 14, a lower base ring 26 and a molded jacket 15, whereby in this method, especially when concrete pipes 11 and concrete pipes and those with reinforcement cage 12 are to be produced in the manner described can work according to the principle of the lowering shape.
  • the form jacket 15 is first placed on the bottom ring 26 above the mandrel 14 and then, if a reinforced concrete part is to be produced, which is to be provided with internal reinforcement, also a reinforcement cage 12.
  • the bottom ring 26 together with the reinforcement cage 12 and the mold jacket 15 lowered until the mold core 14 protrudes with its upper end, in particular the end carrying the pressing device 20, into the base ring 26 and the mold jacket 15.
  • concrete 40 is poured into the mold space 16 from above and, while the vibrator 17 is operating and the pressing device 20 is switched on, the base ring 26 together with the mold jacket 15 is constantly lowered further over the mold core 14 into the end position during filling.
  • the loading device 35 for the concrete 40 located at the level of the upper molded jacket end is also lowered. The loading device 35 always remains the same with respect to the molded jacket 15 Height.
  • the loading device 35 is moved down together with the mold jacket 15.
  • the loading device 35 can also be moved down together with the molded jacket 15 and / or the ejection device 22 carrying the base ring 26.
  • the downward movement of the loading device 35 can instead take place independently, independently of the molded jacket 15. In everything, the mold jacket 15 and the loading device 35 are lowered approximately at a constant speed.
  • the loading device 35 namely its transport device 37
  • the loading device 35 is laterally moved away from the mold jacket 15, so that the wiping device 39 on the charging device 35 located at the upper mold end, excess Strips concrete 40.
  • the upper mold ring 34 can be moved from above into the open end of the mold space 16 and the mold ring 34 can be lowered to a predetermined height and held in this position. In this position, the upper mold ring 34 can be rotated back and forth. Thereafter, the lower bottom ring 26 with the molded jacket 15 thereon together with the upper molded ring 34 at the same time, for. B. as a unit, are further lowered and the upper end of the concrete part 11, z. B. the tip end are formed, without a pressing process with any resulting disadvantages.
  • This procedure and the device 10 of the type described have the following advantages. With the help of the device 10, almost all products for civil engineering can be automatically produced, ie the various types and sizes of concrete parts 11, z. B. shaft rings, shaft necks, small pipes up to 1000 mm high, pipes up to 2500 mm high, street gullies, rectangular elements, reinforced concrete pipes or the like ..
  • the facility 10 is therefore extremely versatile. It allows the user a much better workload.
  • Another advantage is that z. B. in the manufacture of pipes and z. B. those that are reinforced with reinforcement cages 12, any tensions between the reinforcement cage 12 and the rest of the concrete part 11 are avoided.
  • the method according to the invention and the described device 10 according to the invention make it possible to avoid stresses in the reinforcement cage 12 and in the rest of the manufactured concrete part 11 and between the two, and thus to prevent any cracks which may arise later. Any twisting of the reinforcement cage 12 about the longitudinal axis of the mold is counteracted. Since the loading by means of the loading device 35 always takes place at a constant height in relation to the molded jacket 15, and specifically just above its upper end, splashing is avoided when pouring concrete 40. The mold is filled more evenly and steadily, which also prevents any cavities that form. It is also advantageous that by means of the loading device 35, namely the stripping device 39, at the end of the shaping process when the mold jacket 15 has reached the lower end position, excess concrete can be stripped and thus smoothed.
  • the device 10 in addition to the pipe production in the manner described also the production of other concrete parts, for. B. also of manhole rings.
  • the vertically movable loading device 35 which is used for the production e.g. B. vertically lowered from manhole rings until it is at ground level, as required for manhole ring production.
  • the upper form ring 34 which can also be used for this purpose, with the associated drive device likewise enables manhole ring production.
  • the device 10 and also the control of the individual work cycles is simple.
  • the device 10 is easily convertible to the manufacture of the desired concrete parts 11 of various types and sizes.
  • FIGS. 4 and 5 the parts which correspond to the exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 1-3 are used by 100 larger reference numerals, so that in order to avoid repetition, reference is made to the description in FIGS. 1-3 is.
  • the mandrel 114 is provided on the inside with a schematically indicated clamping device 119 and is interchangeably received and centered on a receptacle 141, which here is part of the central vibrator 117 and is formed by the outer surface.
  • a radial pressing device 120 is provided at the upper end of the mold core 114.
  • This has at least one press head 143 which is movable transversely within a radial plane 142 relative to the mold core 114 and exerts a radial pressing effect on the concrete material and is motor-driven.
  • the drive takes place here via a drive motor 144 which is arranged centrally in the interior of the mandrel 114 and which is coaxial with the longitudinal central axis 145.
  • the drive motor 144 is held centered in an opening of the upper cover plate 146 of the mandrel 14.
  • the drive direction of the vibrator 117 and that of the drive motor 144 are expediently in opposite directions.
  • the drive motor 144 has a drive shaft 147 which is coaxial with the longitudinal center axis 145.
  • the press head 143 has an eccentric 148 which is arranged eccentrically with respect to the longitudinal center axis 145 and which in this first exemplary embodiment has a ring 150 which is held coaxially thereto on an eccentric shaft 149.
  • the central axis 151 of the eccentric shaft 149 and the ring 150 runs eccentrically e eccentrically with respect to the longitudinal central axis 145.
  • the eccentric shaft 149 is an integral part of the drive shaft 147 and is located between the drive motor 144 and the free shaft end thereof.
  • the ring 150 is freely revolving by means of bearings 152, 153. This is not mandatory, but has the advantage that no torque is introduced into the concrete during circulation.
  • the bearings 152, 153 are within a central bearing bush 154 of the ring 150 added.
  • the ring 150 is firmly connected to the bearing bush 154 by means of a disk 155, the disk 155 also forming an upper cover of the press head 143.
  • individual cover e.g. radial spokes can be provided between the ring 150 and the bearing bush 154.
  • the disk 155 is arranged at a distance above the end face and cover plate 146 of the mandrel 115, which e.g. is predetermined by the bearing bush 154.
  • the ring 150 forms, together with the disk 155, an approximately bowl-shaped press head which is arranged upside down.
  • the underside of the ring 150 which points toward the cover plate 146, rests at least essentially on this end face of the mandrel 114 and is moved within this radial plane 142 by the drive motor 144.
  • the press head 143 On its upper side, on the upper side of the disk 155, the press head 143 has a distributing device 156, which is formed here at least from a distributing finger 157.
  • the distributor finger 157 lies at least essentially on the upper side of the disk 155. It is held in a rotationally fixed manner on the drive shaft 147, the distributor finger 157 being driven in this exemplary embodiment in a circumferential manner about the longitudinal central axis 145.
  • Fig. 5 shows that the distributor finger 157 can be inclined in the drive direction or against this.
  • the eccentric shaft 149 is led out upward through the disk 155 and the distributor finger 157 is held in a rotationally fixed manner on this extension shoulder.
  • the radial press head When the drive motor 144 is switched on, the radial press head is set into a circumferential radial press movement via the eccentric shaft 149. Due to the bearings 152, 153 is one Relative rotation between the eccentric shaft 149 and the press head 143 possible, so that the press head 143 does not rotate during this drive movement. If this is desired instead, a rotationally fixed connection between the eccentric shaft 149 and the press head 143 is provided. In the exemplary embodiment shown, only the distributor finger 157 is thus driven in rotation in one direction or the other via the drive motor 144, which pushes the concrete applied from above evenly in the radial direction to the outside, so that the radial press head 143, in particular its ring 150, causes this Concrete can constantly compact. No torque is introduced into the concrete, so that rotation of the reinforcement cage 12 (FIG. 1) is reliably avoided.
  • the central vibrator 117 is provided, through which the mandrel 114 is subjected to the vibrating movement, so that the concrete material is further compacted.
  • its ring 250 can be recognized by the cut. This runs with its towards the mold core 214, namely its upper cover plate 246, the underside at a distance from the cover plate 246 and above it, so that the ring 250 has no contact with the cover plate 246, which increases the ease of movement and reduces any wear.
  • the ring 250 is surrounded by an annular sealing sleeve 260, which extends with a lower ring edge 261 to the cover plate 246 and is firmly connected to the latter.
  • the sealing sleeve 260 closes off the space 262, which is enclosed by the ring 250 and is delimited by the upper side of the cover plate 246 of the mold core 214.
  • the ring edge 261 is clamped to the cover plate 246 by means of a fastening ring 263. An additional positive locking is done by an annular bead 265 engaging in a groove 264.
  • the sealing sleeve 260 is fixed with its upper ring edge 266 to the top of the ring 250, where the ring edge 266 e.g. is clamped by means of the disk 255, which is detachably connected to the ring 250.
  • the sealing sleeve 260 is in particular made of rubber, synthetic rubber, plastic or the like. Formed material that is highly wear-resistant in interaction with concrete. As such comes e.g. the material commercially available under the "Vulkollan" brand.
  • the press head 243 can be driven by the drive motor 244 via the eccentric shaft 249, the central axis 251 of which extends eccentrically with respect to the longitudinal central axis 245.
  • the at least one distributor finger 257 is held here in a rotationally fixed manner on an extension section 267 of the drive shaft, which extends coaxially with the eccentric axis 251 and thus also rotates eccentrically with respect to the longitudinal central axis 245.
  • the third exemplary embodiment shown in FIG. 7 differs from that in FIG. 6 solely in that the upper distributor finger 257 is missing.
  • the press head 343 is provided with a conical cover 368 on its upper side. This is e.g. fixed or detachably attached to the disc 355.
  • the conical cover 368 can run eccentrically with its central axis in relation to the longitudinal central axis 345 of the mandrel 314.
  • the central axis of the conical cover 368 can coincide with the eccentric central axis of the eccentric shaft 349.
  • the cover 368 is also designed as a distribution device 356, via which the filled concrete material is distributed. This embodiment is particularly advantageous in the case of concrete parts to be produced with small nominal widths.
  • the eccentric 448 is formed from an eccentric unbalance arm 469 which is held in a rotationally fixed manner on the drive shaft 447 of the drive motor 444 and thus forms a quite heavy eccentric.
  • the press head 443 has a closed housing 470, in the interior of which the unbalance arm 469 is protected.
  • the housing 470 is supported and supported at the upper end of the mandrel 414, namely its upper cover plate 446, by means of an elastic bearing device 471.
  • This has at least one rubber bearing 472 which, for example, is designed similarly to known vibration dampers, for example contains a rubber layer 475 between an upper and a lower ring 473 or 474.
  • the unbalance arm 469 is in the Area of the drive shaft 447 supported on the lower housing plate 476, for example by means of an axial bearing 477, and additionally supported.
  • a distributor device with at least one distributor finger 457 is provided above the housing 470.
  • the drive direction of the vibrator 417 is preferably opposite to the direction of rotation of the unbalance arm 469, so that any rotation of the reinforcement cage is counteracted.
  • the unbalance arm 469 is driven by the drive motor 444 at a relatively low speed, with which the distributor finger 457 is also driven at the same time. When the drive motor 444 is switched on, the concrete material is moved and distributed into the mold from the inside out using the distributor finger 457.
  • the mandrel 414 vibrates with a relatively high frequency and a small vibration range of, for example, 1-4 mm.
  • the press head 443 vibrates at a low frequency, for example in the order of 100-800 vibrations per minute, and with a larger vibration range of 10-15 mm, for example.
  • These different vibration ranges are made possible by the at least one rubber bearing 472 between the mandrel 414 and the press head 443, as a result of which mutual interference is kept to a minimum.
  • the distributor finger 457 Due to the low drive speed of the unbalance arm 469, the distributor finger 457 can also be driven at the same speed.
  • the elastic bearing device 471 also has the advantage that it ensures a very good seal between the press head 443 and the top of the mandrel 414.
  • the drive motor 444 is held on the housing plate 476.
  • the pressing head 543 in the fifth exemplary embodiment in FIG. 9 differs from the pressing head according to FIG. 8 by another distribution device 556.
  • the housing 570 itself is designed as a distribution device 556.
  • At least the upper wall 578 of the housing 570 is designed as a step plate 579, which has individual steps 580, 581, 582, which fall from the inside to the outside and from the top to the bottom.
  • FIG. 10 shows a sixth exemplary embodiment of a device 610, which corresponds in principle to that in FIGS. 1 to 3.
  • the shaped jacket 615 is also cylindrical at the lower end and there is provided with a welded ring 683, to which a further ring 684 is screwed from below, which is designed as a wear ring on the underside and also as a centering ring for the bottom ring 626.
  • a sealing device 685 which is variable and adjustable with regard to its sealing effect and which is an integral part of the ejection device 622.
  • the ejection plate 624 of the ejection device 622 carries a holder 686 in the form of an approximately S-shaped ring in cross section, in the upper region of which a flexible hollow body 687 is accommodated, which is designed, for example, as a hose and is made of rubber.
  • the hollow body 687 is fitted into the upper region of the annular holder 686 and is encompassed by the latter. With its inner side facing the outer circumferential surface of the mandrel 614, the hollow body 687 can rest on the outer surface of the mandrel 614.
  • the hollow body 687 has an inner cavity 688 into which a pressure medium under pressure can be introduced via a feed line 689.
  • the sealing device 685 is to be activated, then pressure medium with increased pressure is introduced into the cavity 688 via the feed line 689 and the hollow body 687 is thus acted upon by the pressure medium.
  • This enables the contact pressure of the seal to be adjusted. It is also advantageous that the seal created in this way is practically adjustable, so that even if there is any wear, the hollow body 687 can always achieve the same contact pressure.
  • the sealing device 685 is preferably only activated during the filling process and the compression process, and only then is the hollow body 687 pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the mold core 614 in a sealing manner. During the demoulding process, the cavity 688 is relieved of the pressure of the pressure medium.
  • the friction between the hollow body 687 and the mandrel 614 during the demoulding process is low, so that this can be carried out as trouble-free as possible and without additional wear on the hollow body 687. If the sealing device 685 is activated, this effectively prevents any concrete from escaping between the mandrel 614 and the bottom ring 626.
  • the seventh exemplary embodiment shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 is similar to the first exemplary embodiment in FIGS. 4 and 5.
  • the distribution device 756 has a distributor disk 790 which rotates around the eccentric axis 751 and rotates centrally to the eccentric 748 .
  • the distributor disk 790 extends flatly over the top of the disk 755 of the ring 750, so that the distributor disk 790 at least approximately covers the eccentric 748.
  • the distributor disk 790 is larger in diameter than the eccentric 748 and thus projects circumferentially beyond the latter. In another embodiment, not shown, the diameter of the distributor disk 790 is smaller.
  • the distributor disk 790 rests on the disk 755 while leaving a play in motion. It has on the circumference a ring 791 protruding on the underside, which, with its outer circumferential surface, terminates with the distributor disk 790 and engages in an annular groove 792 on the upper side of the eccentric 748, also while leaving play of movement and forming a labyrinth seal, for example. As a result, the occurrence of Concrete between the 750 ring and the 790 distributor disc prevented.
  • the distributor disk 790 is fixedly connected to the eccentric shaft 749 via a screw 793 and rotates centrally to the ring 750.
  • the distributor disk 790 has approximately radially directed strips 794 on its upper side, which are integral therewith. In the exemplary embodiment shown, these extend radially to the outer circumferential surface of the distributor disk 790. In FIG. 12, it is indicated by dashed lines that the distributor disk 790 can additionally also have protruding projections 795 on its outer circumferential surface. Similar protruding projections 796 are also indicated schematically on the upper side of the distributor disk 790 in FIG. 12. The projections 795, 796 consist, for example, of round cams.
  • protruding projections such as webs, strips, cams, or instead recessed depressions, such as grooves, depressions or the like, are provided.
  • This configuration of the distribution device 756 has the advantage of extremely low wear, since the penetration of concrete between the ring 750 and the distribution device 756 is completely avoided.
  • pouring concrete it falls onto the distributor disc 790, via which the concrete is rotated.
  • This rotational movement causes the concrete to accelerate away, which is thrown outwards into the cavity.
  • This acceleration of the concrete to the outside is increased further by the strips 794 and possibly projections 795 and 796, so that the concrete is rotated all the more and is thrown outwards.
  • the shape is overfilled, for example if there is too much concrete on the distributor disc 790, this leads to an increase in the torque that is measured, so that the control technology
  • the loading device 35 (FIG. 1) can be regulated back.
  • the distribution device 756 thus also forms a sensor for such an overload control.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing Of Tubular Articles Or Embedded Moulded Articles (AREA)
  • Press-Shaping Or Shaping Using Conveyers (AREA)
  • Moulds, Cores, Or Mandrels (AREA)

Claims (28)

  1. Dispositif pour la fabrication d'éléments en béton, en particulier de tubes en béton, des avaloirs et des bouches avaloirs, des anneaux de cuvelage, des col de puits ou analogues, dans un moule comprenant un surmoule extérieur et un vibreur, avec un dispositif de compression radiale qui est muni d'au moins une tête de compression pouvant être déplacée transversalement dans un plan radial par rapport à l'axe médian longitudinal du surmoule et exerçant une action de compression radiale sur le béton, équipée d'au moins un excentrique excentré par rapport à l'axe médian longitudinal du surmoule, et qui est entraînée par l'intermédiaire d'un mécanisme d'entraînement, caractérisé en ce que le moule comprend à l'intérieur du surmoule (15) un noyau de moule intérieur (14, 114, 214, 314, 414, 614, 714), que le vibreur (17, 117, 417, 717) est disposé à l'intérieur du noyau de moule (14, 114, 214, 314, 414, 614, 714), que la tête de compression (143, 243, 343, 434, 534, 743) est disposée à l'extrémité supérieure du noyau de moule (14, 114, 214, 314, 414, 614, 714) et maintenu dans une position d'étanchéité, et que le mécanisme d'entraînement pour la tête de compression (143, 243, 343, 434, 534, 743) est constitué par un moteur de commande (144, 244, 344, 444, 744) disposé à l'intérieur du noyau de moule (14, 114, 214, 314, 414, 614, 714).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le moteur de commande (144, 244, 344, 444, 744) est disposé coaxialement par rapport à l'axe médian longitudinal (145, 245, 345, 445, 545) du noyau de moule (114, 214, 314, 414, 614, 714) et de préférence de manière centrée à l'intérieur du noyau de moule.
  3. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 ou 2, caractérisé en ce que le vibreur (17, 117, 417, 717) dans le noyau de moule (14, 114, 214, 314, 414, 614, 714) est conformé en vibreur central.
  4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 3, caractérisé en ce que la direction d'entraînement du vibreur (17, 117, 417, 717) et celle du moteur de commande (144, 244, 344, 444, 744) de l'excentrique (148, 248, 348, 469, 569, 748) sont opposées.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que l'excentrique (469, 569) est monté de manière rigide en rotation sur l'arbre moteur (447) du moteur de commande (444).
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que la tête de compression (143, 243, 343, 443, 543, 743) comporte sur sa face supérieure un dispositif de distribution (156, 356, 556, 756).
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de distribution (156) comprend au moins un doigt de distribution (157, 257, 457) qui est entraîné en rotation autour de l'axe médian longitudinal (145, 445) du surmoule, du noyau de moule (114, 414) ou analogues ou autour d'un axe d'excentrique (251) et, de préférence, que le doigt de distribution (157, 257, 457) repose sensiblement sur la surface supérieure de la tête de compression (143, 243, 443).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que le doigt de distribution (157, 257, 457) est incliné dans la direction d'entraînement ou dans le sens opposé à celle-ci.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, caractérisé en ce que le doigt de distribution (157, 257, 457) est directement monté de manière rigide en rotation sur l'excentrique ou sur un prolongement (147, 267, 447) faisant suite à l'excentrique.
  10. Dispositif selon la revendication 6, caractérisé en ce que la tête de compression (343) comporte sur sa surface supérieure un couvercle conique (368) dont l'axe médian (351) est excentré par rapport à l'axe médian longitudinal (345) du surmoule, noyau de moule (314) ou analogues et s'étend, de préférence, coaxialement par rapport à l'axe de l'excentrique, le couvercle (368) étant conformé en dispositif de distribution (356).
  11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le dispositif de distribution (756) comprend un disque de distribution (790) entraîné en rotation autour de l'axe (751) de l'excentrique, de manière concentrique par rapport à l'excentrique (748), qui s'étend en surface sur toute la face supérieure de l'excentrique (748) en recouvrant celui-ci au moins approximativement.
  12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que le disque de distribution (790) repose sur la surface supérieure d'un disque (755) de l'excentrique (748) en laissant subsister entre les deux éléments un jeu de mouvement et qu'une bague (791) dépassant du côté inférieur et se raccordant à la surface périphérique extérieure du disque de distribution (790) s'engage dans une rainure annulaire (792) associée ménagée dans la surface supérieure de l'excentrique (748) en laissant subsister entre les deux éléments un jeu de mouvement et en formant sensiblement une garniture à labyrinthe.
  13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 11 ou 12, caractérisé en ce que le disque de distribution (790) comporte sur sa face supérieure et/ou sur la surface périphérique extérieure, des saillies (794 à 796) telles que des nervures, baguettes, bossages et/ou des creux tels que des rainures, dépressions ou analogues.
  14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que les nervures ou baguettes (794) situées sur la surface supérieure sont orientées sensiblement dans le sens radial.
  15. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 11 à 14, caractérisé en ce que le disque de distribution (790) présente un diamètre supérieur ou inférieur à celui de l'excentrique (748).
  16. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que l'excentrique (148, 248, 348) comprend une bague (150, 250, 350) dont l'axe médian (151, 251, 351) est excentré par rapport à l'axe médian longitudinal (145, 245, 345) du surmoule, du noyau de moule (114, 214, 314) ou analogues.
  17. Dispositif selon la revendication 16, caractérisé en ce que la bague (150, 250, 350) est maintenue sur un arbre d'excentrique (149, 249, 349) coaxial qui est excentré par rapport à l'axe médian longitudinal (145, 245, 345) du surmoule, du noyau de moule (114, 214, 314) ou analogues.
  18. Dispositif selon la revendication 17, caractérisé en ce que la bague (150, 250, 350) est montée sur l'arbre d'excentrique (149, 249, 349) de manière à pouvoir tourner librement, par exemple au moyen de paliers (152, 153) montés coaxialement avec la bague (150, 250, 350) sur l'arbre d'excentrique (149, 249, 349) et logés dans un coussinet (154) central de la bague (150).
  19. Dispositif selon la revendication 18, caractérisé en ce que la bague (150, 250, 350) est solidarisée avec le coussinet central (154) au moyen de rayons radiaux ou d'un disque (155, 255, 355), et que les rayons ou le disque (155, 255, 355) sont disposés de préférence à distance au-dessus de la surface frontale terminale (146, 246, 346) du noyau de moule (114, 214, 314), élément de moule ou analogue.
  20. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 16 à 19, caractérisé en ce que la bague (150, 250, 350) forme, conjointement avec le disque (155, 255, 355), une tête de compression (143, 243, 343) sensiblement en forme de cuvette renversée.
  21. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 16 à 20, caractérisé en ce que la bague (150) repose sensiblement avec sa face inférieure dirigée vers le noyau de moule (114), l'élément de moule ou analogue sur la surface frontale terminale (146) du noyau de moule (114), de l'élément du noyau de moule ou analogue et qu'elle est déplacée par rapport à celle-ci.
  22. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 16 à 20, caractérisé en ce que la bague (250, 350) s'étend avec sa surface inférieure dirigée vers le noyau de moule (214, 314) l'élément du noyau de moule ou analogue, à distance et au-dessus de la surface frontale terminale (246, 346) du noyau de moule, de l'élément de moule ou analogue et qu'elle est déplacée par rapport à celle-ci.
  23. Dispositif selon la revendication 22, caractérisé en ce que la bague (250, 350) est entourée extérieurement par un manchon d'étanchéité annulaire (260, 360), par exemple en caoutchouc, caoutchouc synthétique, matière plastique ou matériau analogue résistant à l'usure au contact avec du béton, lequel est raccordé d'un côté à la bague (250, 350) et s'étend avec un bord annulaire inférieur (261, 361) jusqu'à la surface frontale terminale (246, 346) du noyau de moule (214, 314), de l'élément de moule ou analogue où il est raccordé à celui-ci, le manchon d'étanchéité (260, 360) fermant vers l'extérieur l'espace (262, 362) entouré par la bague (250, 350) et délimité par la surface frontale terminale (246, 346) du noyau de moule de l'élément du noyau de moule ou analogue.
  24. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que l'excentrique est constitué par un bras déséquilibré excentrique (469, 569) monté de manière rigide en rotation sur l'arbre moteur (447).
  25. Dispositif selon la revendication 24, caractérisé en ce que la tête de compression (443, 543) comprend un carter (470, 570) fermé à l'intérieur duquel est logé le bras déséquilibré (469, 569) et qui est soutenu sur l'extrémité supérieure du noyau de moule (414), de l'élément du noyau de moule ou analogue au moyen d'un support (471) élastique, le support élastique (471) comprenant de préférence au moins un support en caoutchouc (472).
  26. Dispositif selon la revendication 25, caractérisé en ce que le carter (570) de la tête de compression (543) est conformé lui-même en dispositif de distribution (556).
  27. Dispositif selon la revendication 26, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins la paroi supérieure (578) du carter (570) est conformée en plaque étagée (579).
  28. Dispositif selon la revendication 27, caractérisé en ce que la plaque étagée (579) est étagée de façon à descendre de l'intérieur vers l'extérieur.
EP88121815A 1988-02-24 1988-12-29 Dispositif pour la fabrication d'éléments en béton Expired - Lifetime EP0329856B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3805720 1988-02-24
DE3805720A DE3805720A1 (de) 1988-02-24 1988-02-24 Verfahren zum herstellen von betonteilen und einrichtung zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens

Publications (3)

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EP0329856A2 EP0329856A2 (fr) 1989-08-30
EP0329856A3 EP0329856A3 (fr) 1991-01-09
EP0329856B1 true EP0329856B1 (fr) 1992-12-02

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EP (1) EP0329856B1 (fr)
DE (2) DE3805720A1 (fr)

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DE3805720A1 (de) 1989-09-07
US5040968A (en) 1991-08-20
EP0329856A2 (fr) 1989-08-30
DE3876419D1 (de) 1993-01-14
EP0329856A3 (fr) 1991-01-09

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