EP0307657B1 - Abblendlicht-Scheinwerfer - Google Patents

Abblendlicht-Scheinwerfer Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0307657B1
EP0307657B1 EP88113557A EP88113557A EP0307657B1 EP 0307657 B1 EP0307657 B1 EP 0307657B1 EP 88113557 A EP88113557 A EP 88113557A EP 88113557 A EP88113557 A EP 88113557A EP 0307657 B1 EP0307657 B1 EP 0307657B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
segment
reflector
central axis
paraboloid
horizontal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP88113557A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP0307657A2 (de
EP0307657A3 (en
Inventor
Gerhard Dipl.-Ing. Lindae
Rainer Dr. Dipl.-Phys. Neumann
Peter Perthus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Robert Bosch GmbH filed Critical Robert Bosch GmbH
Publication of EP0307657A2 publication Critical patent/EP0307657A2/de
Publication of EP0307657A3 publication Critical patent/EP0307657A3/de
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0307657B1 publication Critical patent/EP0307657B1/de
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/30—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by reflectors
    • F21S41/32—Optical layout thereof
    • F21S41/33—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature
    • F21S41/334—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector consisting of patch like sectors
    • F21S41/335—Multi-surface reflectors, e.g. reflectors with facets or reflectors with portions of different curvature the reflector consisting of patch like sectors with continuity at the junction between adjacent areas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21S—NON-PORTABLE LIGHTING DEVICES; SYSTEMS THEREOF; VEHICLE LIGHTING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLE EXTERIORS
    • F21S41/00—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps
    • F21S41/10—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source
    • F21S41/14—Illuminating devices specially adapted for vehicle exteriors, e.g. headlamps characterised by the light source characterised by the type of light source
    • F21S41/162—Incandescent light sources, e.g. filament or halogen lamps
    • F21S41/164—Incandescent light sources, e.g. filament or halogen lamps having two or more filaments

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a low-beam headlamp for motor vehicles for generating an asymmetrical light distribution according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a motor vehicle headlight is known from DE-A-3 531 223.
  • This headlight is used to generate an asymmetrical light distribution and has a reflector in which a lamp is arranged with a luminous element extending transversely to the optical axis of the reflector.
  • the reflection surface of the reflector is formed from six segments with different geometrical shapes, in which there are different conic section curves in the axial longitudinal sections containing the optical axis.
  • a segment in the form of a paraboloid is arranged above a horizontal central axis of the reflector and a segment in the form of this paraboloid is also arranged below the horizontal central axis of the reflector.
  • These two segments adjoin on one side to further segments which are parts of another paraboloid, the paraboloids forming the segments having different focal lengths.
  • the light reflected from the segments in the form of the paraboloid contributes to the core of the light distribution generated by the reflector.
  • the segments formed by the paraboloids of different focal lengths all have essentially the same focal point in this reflector, since the reflector is homofocal, but because of the different focal lengths, these segments cannot have a common apex and cannot merge seamlessly into one another. For this reason, it is not possible to manufacture the reflector from sheet metal.
  • a low beam headlight for motor vehicles which has a reflector which consists of three segments in the form of ellipsoids, with a central segment and two lateral segments which continuously merge into one another.
  • the shape of the segments is modified in a numerical process so that light is reflected from the segments to produce a specific light distribution.
  • a low beam headlight for motor vehicles which has a reflector which consists of several segments which merge into one another in a stepless manner.
  • the segments have different geometrical shapes and in the axial longitudinal sections containing the optical axis, this results in different conic section curves.
  • a horizontal scattering of the light is achieved without disturbing vertical scattering.
  • this reflector cannot produce an asymmetrical light distribution.
  • DE-A-3 527 391 discloses a fog headlight for motor vehicles, which has a reflector which consists of two segments with mutually different geometrical shapes.
  • a segment arranged below a horizontal central axis of the reflector is in the form of a paraboloid of revolution and a segment arranged above the horizontal central axis is in the form of a parellipsoid.
  • a parabola results in the horizontal axial longitudinal section, which is identical to the parabola resulting in the horizontal axial longitudinal section through the lower segment in the form of the paraboloid, so that the two segments merge into one another in a stepless manner.
  • In the vertical axial longitudinal section through the parellipsoid of the upper segment there is an ellipse.
  • the reflector produces a horizontally scattered symmetrical light distribution, as is required for a fog headlight.
  • the low-beam headlamp according to the invention with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that its reflector can also be easily made from sheet metal because of the stepless transition also present between the segment arranged above and below the horizontal central axis in the form of the rotating paraboloid and the general paraboloid .
  • the formation of the segment arranged below the horizontal central axis in the form of a general paraboloid results in different focal points in this in different axial longitudinal sections, as a result of which all images of the luminous element reflected by this segment are arranged below a light-dark boundary.
  • FIG. 1 shows the rear side of a rectangular reflector, a low-beam headlight for motor vehicles, in a schematic illustration.
  • Figure 2 shows a vertical section II-II in Figure 1 by a headlight with an inserted incandescent lamp.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic representation of a European light distribution of the reflector on a measuring screen.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic representation of the light distribution according to the US standard.
  • the reflector 1 shows the rear side of a low-beam headlight for motor vehicles of a rectangular reflector 1, the reflection surface of which is formed from several segments, in the present exemplary embodiment from four segments.
  • the reflector 1 has an upper boundary surface 2 and a lower boundary surface 3, both of which run essentially parallel to the horizontal axis 4 of the reflector 1 and have no optical effect.
  • a third segment 12, part of a Parellipsoids has a different focal length than the parellipsoid of the second segment 9.
  • the third segment 12 extends from the lower boundary surface 3 up to the horizontal axis 4 and extends from the right boundary surface 11 up to the vertical axis 5 of the reflector.
  • a fourth segment 15 extends from the lower boundary surface 3 of the reflector up to the 15 ° sector of the first segment going down from the horizontal axis 4 and extends from the left boundary surface 8 to the vertical axis 5 of the reflector.
  • Segment 15 is part of a general paraboloid. This is a body shape that has different parabolic focal lengths in the horizontal and vertical section and thus creates a chain of parabolic focal lengths in the axis of the reflector when changing from the horizontal to the vertical or vice versa.
  • the entire reflector presents itself as a body made up of partial bodies of the reflector segments which merge into one another in a stepless manner and has a single common apex.
  • an incandescent lamp 17 is used to generate a low beam according to the European standard (standard designation H1) or according to the US standard (standard designation 9006) (see FIG. 2).
  • This lamp has an axial filament 18, which is aligned essentially parallel or coaxial to the reflector axis 7 and has no cover cap. There is no cover cap obstructing the ventilation and light emission of the lamp, therefore a heat build-up in the area of the lamp is avoided and the life of the lamp is increased.
  • the utilization of the full reflector surface in the case of the H1 lamp brings about a considerable increase in luminous flux compared to the known low beam, which is produced with a lamp of the H4 standard provided with a cover cap. It follows that even with small dimensions of the reflector 1, a good quality low beam is generated.
  • a gas discharge lamp can also be used.
  • the low beam headlight in FIG. 2 shows a rectangular reflector 1 with a reflection surface 20, a light exit opening 21 and an apex 22. A neck 23 protrudes from the latter, on the end face of which the flange of the incandescent lamp 17 is supported in the axial direction and in the radial direction Centered direction.
  • the incandescent lamp 17 has a cylindrical incandescent filament 18, the cylinder axis of which is approximately parallel or coaxial to the reflection axis 7.
  • the cylinder axis of the incandescent filament 18 is installed vertically upward and or laterally offset with respect to the optical axis 7.
  • one or more shading webs running along the lamp can also be used.
  • segments 6 and 15 can be seen in section as reflection surface 20 in the direction of the reflected rays according to arrow 27.
  • the upper first segment 6 is a rotating paraboloid and the lower fourth segment 15 is a general paraboloid.
  • the focal point 24 of the upper first segment 6 lies in the rear, i.e. the section of the incandescent filament 18 facing the apex 22 of the reflector 1 and the vertical focal point 25 of the general paraboloid 15, which can be seen in section, lies in the front, i.e. section of the incandescent filament 18 facing the light exit opening 21 of the reflector 1.
  • the chain of parabolic focal lengths which occurs in the general paraboloid extends from the focal point 25 in the direction of the focal point 24, as indicated by arrow 28.
  • the second and third segments 9 and 12 which cannot be seen in the section in FIG. 2, are each part of a parellipsoid, a focal point 26 of the upper, second segment 9 being recognizable in section.
  • a chain of focal lengths which begins at focal point 24 and extends to focal point 26, as shown by arrow 29.
  • focal point 25 arrow 32.
  • the entirety of the focus chain follows from the reflector geometry and is determined by stepwise imaging scanning in the direction of the arrow 30 in FIG. 1.
  • the focus chain of the upper two segments lies in the area of the beginning of the spiral, close to the reflector apex and that of the lower two segments at the end of the incandescent filament 18.
  • the flipping of the filament images downward through the continuous migration of the focal lengths occurring from the beginning of the incandescent filament to the end of the filament and vice versa is achieved by the corresponding reflector geometry. This also ensures that all spiral images are arranged below the light-dark boundary.
  • the different geometries of the individual segments result in a continuous overall reflector shape that has no step between the segments.
  • the transitions of the individual geometric shapes of the segments are designed so that they have a common tangent. This makes it easier to manufacture in sheet metal or plastic, the glare effects that occur at the edges or steps of the segments are eliminated, and glare is reduced.
  • the segments forming the reflector have a common apex and the geometrical shapes of the individual segments can be enlarged or reduced to adapt the desired light distributions to one another.
  • the various segment shapes can be accommodated in a round, oval, square or polygonal headlight.
  • FIG. 3 shows, in the direction of the rays reflected by the reflector 1, a measuring screen 33 with a horizontal central plane 34 and a vertical central plane 35, which intersect at the "HV" point.
  • the first segment 6 forms the light spot 37 of the total light distribution 36.
  • the light spot 37 which begins approximately from the vertical center plane 35 and extends to the right to the outer right measuring screen side 41, forms part of the light-dark boundary with the typical 15 ° rise On the right side.
  • the second segment 9 forms the light spot 38 of the total light distribution 36 starting from the vertical central plane 35.
  • Segment 12 forms the light spot 39 and segment 15 forms the light spot 40.
  • the raw light beam consisting of the light spots 37, 38, 39, 40 falls below the prescribed light / dark limit 42. Due to the parameters of the reflection surface 20 according to the invention as the sum of the segments 6, 9, 12, 15, the raw light beam corresponds to the resulting raw light distribution, ie the light distribution without the lens already corresponds to the low beam that illuminates the road. For this reason, essentially no or only a few optical means are required on the lens of the low-beam headlight, not shown, which form the raw light beam into the low-beam light beam. It also follows that the lens can be tilted more.
  • An asymmetrical, horizontal arrangement of a reflector means that the area of the reflector which is used for the range can be enlarged and there is a greater illuminance in the distance.
  • a reflector arrangement according to Figure 4, which also consists of four segments 6 ', 50, 51 and 15' does not show a 15 ° line 45 as in Figure 3.
  • This arrangement is a reflector according to the US standard SAE, which also has different segments, each of which extends to the central axes of the reflector.
  • the second segment 50 consists of part of a general paraboloid and the third segment 51 consists of part of a rotational paraboloid.
  • the segments 50, 51 form in particular the light spot 48 and the first and fourth segments 6 ', 15' form the light spot 49.
  • the entire reflector leads to an overall light distribution 52.
  • This reflector geometry leads to an optimization of the so-called "hot spots", i.e. the range of the United States low beam.
  • hot spots i.e. the range of the United States low beam.
  • all the spiral images are concentrated on the lower right quadrant of the measuring screen 33 due to the reflector geometry.
  • the geometric arrangement of the reflector means that the maximum illuminance is just below the light-dark Limit comes to lie and thus a large range is achieved.
EP88113557A 1987-09-17 1988-08-20 Abblendlicht-Scheinwerfer Expired - Lifetime EP0307657B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE3731232 1987-09-17
DE19873731232 DE3731232A1 (de) 1987-09-17 1987-09-17 Scheinwerfer fuer fahrzeuge, insbesondere scheinwerfer fuer kraftfahrzeuge

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0307657A2 EP0307657A2 (de) 1989-03-22
EP0307657A3 EP0307657A3 (en) 1990-03-14
EP0307657B1 true EP0307657B1 (de) 1994-11-23

Family

ID=6336224

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP88113557A Expired - Lifetime EP0307657B1 (de) 1987-09-17 1988-08-20 Abblendlicht-Scheinwerfer

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US4924359A (ja)
EP (1) EP0307657B1 (ja)
JP (1) JP2654116B2 (ja)
DE (2) DE3731232A1 (ja)

Families Citing this family (21)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0658761B2 (ja) * 1988-11-08 1994-08-03 株式会社小糸製作所 前照灯用反射鏡
DE3919334A1 (de) * 1989-06-13 1990-12-20 Tetsuhiro Kano Reflektor fuer eine leuchte
JPH0368305U (ja) * 1989-11-02 1991-07-04
DE4002576C5 (de) * 1990-01-30 2005-06-02 Automotive Lighting Reutlingen Gmbh Scheinwerfer mit Abblend- und Fernlicht für Kraftfahrzeuge
JP2610546B2 (ja) * 1991-01-25 1997-05-14 株式会社小糸製作所 車輌用前照灯の反射鏡
JP2604646B2 (ja) * 1991-01-28 1997-04-30 株式会社小糸製作所 車輌用前照灯の反射鏡
EP0519112B1 (de) * 1991-06-21 1996-03-13 Tetsuhiro Kano Reflektor und Verfahren zum Erzeugen einer Reflektorform
DE4131483A1 (de) * 1991-09-21 1993-03-25 Bosch Gmbh Robert Scheinwerfer fuer kraftfahrzeuge
DE4206881A1 (de) * 1992-03-05 1993-09-09 Bosch Gmbh Robert Abblendlichtscheinwerfer fuer kraftfahrzeuge
JP2750647B2 (ja) * 1992-08-14 1998-05-13 株式会社小糸製作所 車輌用前照灯の反射鏡
US5394317A (en) * 1992-11-03 1995-02-28 Grenga; John J. Lamp reflector
DE4327690A1 (de) * 1992-11-06 1994-05-11 Bosch Gmbh Robert Beleuchtungseinrichtung für Fahrzeuge
DE4238274C2 (de) * 1992-11-13 1999-04-01 Bosch Gmbh Robert Mehrbereichreflektor als Bestandteil eines Kraftfahrzeugscheinwerfers
JP2764369B2 (ja) * 1993-07-26 1998-06-11 株式会社小糸製作所 車輌用前照灯の反射鏡
US5506471A (en) * 1994-06-06 1996-04-09 General Electric Company Low glare infrared light source
GB2294536B (en) * 1994-10-27 1998-06-17 Carello Lighting Plc Vehicle headlight with a complex-surface reflector
FR2732747B1 (fr) * 1995-04-06 1997-06-20 Valeo Vision Projecteur de vehicule automobile capable d'emettre un faisceau delimite par une coupure a deux demi-plans decales en hauteur
CZ287690B6 (cs) * 1996-01-29 2001-01-17 Autopal S. R. O. Světlomet s komplexním reflektorem
FR2792999B1 (fr) * 1999-04-29 2001-09-14 Valeo Vision Projecteur bi-fonction a source unique et a optique fixe pour vehicule automobile
CN1671990A (zh) * 2002-07-26 2005-09-21 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 照明系统
US7829899B2 (en) 2006-05-03 2010-11-09 Cree, Inc. Multi-element LED lamp package

Family Cites Families (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3492474A (en) * 1966-12-02 1970-01-27 Koito Mfg Co Ltd Reflector with compound curvature reflecting surface
US4481563A (en) * 1982-05-10 1984-11-06 Corning Glass Works Automotive headlight having optics in the reflector
FR2536502B1 (fr) * 1982-11-19 1987-01-09 Cibie Projecteurs Projecteur de croisement pour vehicule automobile
FR2545152B1 (ja) * 1983-04-27 1985-08-16 Cibie Projecteurs
DE3527391A1 (de) * 1985-07-31 1987-02-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Nebelscheinwerfer fuer kraftfahrzeuge
DE3531223A1 (de) * 1985-08-31 1987-03-05 Bosch Gmbh Robert Scheinwerfer, insbesondere rechteckscheinwerfer, fuer abblendlicht von kraftfahrzeugen
FR2599121B1 (fr) * 1986-05-26 1988-09-16 Cibie Projecteurs Projecteur de croisement sans coupelle a concentration decalee
FR2599120B1 (fr) * 1986-05-26 1988-09-16 Cibie Projecteurs Projecteurs de croisement sans coupelle a concentration decalee

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2654116B2 (ja) 1997-09-17
EP0307657A2 (de) 1989-03-22
US4924359A (en) 1990-05-08
EP0307657A3 (en) 1990-03-14
DE3731232A1 (de) 1989-03-30
JPH0197301A (ja) 1989-04-14
DE3852159D1 (de) 1995-01-05

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