EP0181353B1 - Dispositif et procede permettant le triage separatif du grain - Google Patents

Dispositif et procede permettant le triage separatif du grain Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0181353B1
EP0181353B1 EP85901960A EP85901960A EP0181353B1 EP 0181353 B1 EP0181353 B1 EP 0181353B1 EP 85901960 A EP85901960 A EP 85901960A EP 85901960 A EP85901960 A EP 85901960A EP 0181353 B1 EP0181353 B1 EP 0181353B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
fluidised bed
zone
outlet
bed table
tables
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
EP85901960A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP0181353A1 (fr
Inventor
Roman Müller
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Buehler AG
Original Assignee
Buehler AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Buehler AG filed Critical Buehler AG
Priority to AT85901960T priority Critical patent/ATE34674T1/de
Publication of EP0181353A1 publication Critical patent/EP0181353A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP0181353B1 publication Critical patent/EP0181353B1/fr
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03B—SEPARATING SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS
    • B03B4/00—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs
    • B03B4/02—Separating by pneumatic tables or by pneumatic jigs using swinging or shaking tables
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B4/00—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents
    • B07B4/08—Separating solids from solids by subjecting their mixture to gas currents while the mixtures are supported by sieves, screens, or like mechanical elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
    • B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
    • B07B9/00—Combinations of apparatus for screening or sifting or for separating solids from solids using gas currents; General arrangement of plant, e.g. flow sheets
    • B07B9/02—Combinations of similar or different apparatus for separating solids from solids using gas currents

Definitions

  • the light components are separated by special readout tables (such as paddy readers or light grain readers).
  • readout tables such as paddy readers or light grain readers.
  • the upper fluidized bed table primarily serves to cleanly separate the light fraction and has an elongated shape for this purpose. It can easily be tilted further from the inlet end to the outlet end. The product is continuously conveyed over the slightly inclined vibrating table with a throwing swing movement directed against the outlet.
  • the heavy goods are then thrown along a second section onto the lower fluidized bed table immediately below, the task of which is to read out the heavy goods and the parts with a greater specific weight (such as stones, glass, metal, etc.).
  • a vibratory drive which, however, generates a throwing motion against that of the upper fluidized bed table.
  • the lower fluidized bed table is inclined in the same direction as the upper one, but its swinging movement is oriented towards the higher outlet for the heaviest parts.
  • the invention is based on the object of eliminating the disadvantages indicated and of achieving a better utilization of the given fluidized bed table surfaces without loss of the S t , in order in particular to be able to simultaneously read out a mixed fraction with high selectivity.
  • the two fluidized bed tables are arranged in parallel and rigidly connected to one another by a common housing.
  • a common vibratory drive induces the fluidized bed tables to perform the same swinging motion in terms of direction, amplitude and frequency.
  • the inclination of the fluidized bed tables and the swinging motion optimally on the lower fluidized bed table, i.e. Adjusted to the quality of the stone selection, disturbances in the material flow, i.e. in the quality of light grain selection.
  • the inclination of the fluidized bed tables and the throwing swing movement are optimally matched to the upper fluidized bed table, there is a risk that larger quantities of the stones will be removed together with the good grains.
  • An optimization of the separation quality is not possible in a satisfactory manner in this device because of the lack of a false floor.
  • the device shown in FIG. 1 has an inlet 1 for the granular material or the raw material, which falls directly onto the higher end of an upper fluidized bed table 2.
  • a lower fluidized bed table 3 is installed at a distance below the upper one in a common frame 4. Both tables are set in motion with the frame 4 by an oscillating drive 5, for which purpose they are mounted on a frame 8 by means of a spring 6 or a height-adjustable oscillating support 7.
  • On the frame 8, two side wall parts 9 are also attached, on which an exhaust hood 10 connected to an intake line is placed. This is divided into individual zones 11 by transverse walls. Each zone 11 has an air adjustment flap 32, so that the size of the flow cross section can be set individually in each individual zone.
  • the upper fluidized bed table 2 has a light material outlet 14, whereas the lower fluidized bed table 3 is assigned a stone outlet 13, and an outlet 15 each for the heavy fraction and an outlet 16 for the middle mixed fraction.
  • the upper fluidized bed table in a region (V) has a smooth surface with a large number of fine perforations, the region (V) of the upper table surface is permeable to air, but impermeable to the raw material. There is then a zone of coarse perforations 24 over the entire width, which can also be replaced by a passage slot across the entire width.
  • the table surface In a region (A) adjoining the coarse perforations, which extends to the light material outlet 14, the table surface also has coarse, possibly medium-coarse perforations 24 'through which the various raw material fractions can fall. It is essential that the upper table does not have a sieve function, since all of the diaphragm openings are larger than the largest part of the material flow. The stratification is obtained by the air flow. The whole lower layer falls through the rough openings. The openings can easily make up 20 to 50% of the entire table area.
  • the lower fluidized bed table 3 is permeable to air over the entire surface, but impermeable to the falling material. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, it has a lower perforated plate 20 with a perforation 21 over which a parallel mesh 23 is arranged. In the space between the perforated plate 20 and the mesh 23, cheekboard-like bulkhead walls 22 are provided, which divide the flow cross-section for the air into rectangular channels.
  • a base 17 is essential for the separation of a medium fraction, which allows the separation of medium-heavy grains from the material falling through the upper fluidized bed table 2.
  • the bottom 17 consists of a number of flaps 18 which extend from one longitudinal wall of the frame 4 to the other and are pivotably mounted in these longitudinal walls about their longitudinal center. The length of the bottom 17 ending at the outlet 16 and thus the quantitative proportion of the medium-heavy fraction in the falling material is determined by the number of flaps 18 pivoted coplanarly against one another.
  • the chute 19 conveys the proportion of material enriched with the stones and with the heaviest grains, which then falls through the upper fluidized bed table 2 to the first product-permeable area against the stone outlet 13.
  • FIG. 4 shows the device again with regard to its mode of operation and the material flow occurring therein.
  • the product enters the device at the inlet 1 and is layered in a first region of the upper fluidized bed table 2.
  • the lowermost layer is thrown through the rough perforations 24 onto the slide 19 in the central region and conveyed in the direction of arrow 25 against the stone outlet 13.
  • the stones are discharged at stone outlet 13. 4 now also contains several design ideas.
  • the threshold 31 is also set such that it comes to lie directly above the rear end of the slide 19 '.
  • the threshold 31 also represents a stop for the heavy layer on the upper table.
  • the diarrhea on the slide 19 is D, respectively. D 'designated.
  • zone D or D ' another stratification is formed between a lower mixed fraction and a very light fraction. From the mixed fraction, a selectable part can initially be drawn off directly onto the stone reading table 3 by means of open flaps 18. This part is fed to the outlet 15 for the heavy grain fraction above the lower part of the stone selection table.
  • the slide 19 and intermediate floor 17 from one piece, that is to say without the possibility of an intermediate diarrhea on the stone reading table 3.
  • both together form a roof that is inclined on two sides.
  • the possibility of double air control of the suction air is particularly interesting for the overall function of the device.
  • the special construction of the lower fluidized bed table 3 uniform ventilation is achieved over the entire table surface, regardless of the layer thickness of the grain.
  • the function of the upper fluidized bed table 2 requires for the areas that follow from left to right, i.e. for the product stratification, for throwing off the stones and the heavy grain fraction as well as for the separation into medium-heavy and light goods, in each case a specifically controlled and adapted amount of air, which can be adjusted by means of the adjusting flaps 32.
  • the two fluidized bed tables 1 and 3 are preferably parallel to one another and adjustable between 5 ° and 10 ° by means of the vibration support 7 with reference to a horizontal plane (angle 26).
  • the direction of oscillation of the oscillating drive 5 intersects the planes of the fluidized bed tables 2 and 3 at an angle of 25 ° to 45 ° (angle 27), whereas the plane of the bottom 17 or the plane of the slide 19 each with an angle of those of the fluidized bed tables 2 and 3 from 5 ° to 40 ° (angle 28) or an angle from 0 ° to 65 ° (angle 29).
  • the inclination of the lower fluidized bed table 3 is set in such a way that it is the most favorable for the separation of the stones through the outlet 13.
  • the inclination of the upper fluidized bed table 2 should be less optimal for separating the other fractions.
  • the length adjustability of the base 17 the amount of the mixed fraction to be discharged through the outlet 16 can be increased or reduced, in particular in the case of large throughput differences, at the expense of the heavy grain fraction to be discharged through the outlet 15. Due to the inclination of the base 17, the material falling thereon can flow into the outlet 16 without delay, despite the opposite direction of oscillation of the oscillating drive 5.
  • the bottom 17 can also be designed in a step-like manner, suction air being able to flow from the lower fluidized bed table 3 to the upper one in the area of the steps, which facilitates a uniform air flow through it; the lightest fraction (shells, husks, etc.) is discharged as an expulsion of the upper layer table 2 through an outlet 14 '.
  • the upper end of the slide 19 lies under the area (D) directly adjoining the pre-layer area of the upper fluidized bed table 2, through which almost all the stones fall in order to guide them as far as possible into the middle area of the lower table 3.
  • the slide 19 is preferably mounted in a longitudinally displaceable manner in the frame 4, so that its upper end can be brought to a greater or smaller distance from the end of the pre-layer area of the upper fluidized bed table 2. This makes it possible to catch practically all the stones with the slide 19 and to transfer them to the lower fluidized bed table 3 for the final separation.
  • a transversely oriented threshold 31 is arranged on the upper fluidized bed table 2 in the zone of coarse perforations 24.
  • the threshold 31 can also be arranged adjustable depending on the product throughput and the arrangement of the upper collecting end 19 'of the slide 19.
  • zone “V” for pre-layering the material is approximately the same length as zone “A” for separating the light fractions or a mixed fraction.
  • the lower fluidized bed table 3 also has a non-ventilated base piece 30.
  • the base piece 30 has several functions. The portion of the heavy fraction thrown from zone “A” after the chute 19 directly onto the lower fluidized bed table 3 no longer disturbs the layering process on the lower fluidized bed table 3, since no build-up can occur at this point.
  • a second function is that the total amount of air enters through the part of the lower fluidized bed table 3 in which the air is actually used. The air only enters or through the device where it has to do work.
  • the table 8a is a top view of the upper vibrating table.
  • the table has a rectangular shape in a first area “V”.
  • the adjoining zone “A” narrows towards the outlet in order to maintain the stratification until the end, with the progressive diarrhea of the goods through area “A”.
  • FIG. 8b only shows a doubling of FIG. 8a.
  • the device described is in a special way for separating heavy parts, such as broken glass, fine metal parts, stones and the like. Heavy grains, broken, withered and light grains, seeds, shells, dirt and the like. suitable from cereals.
  • compost namely the removal of heavy parts and light material from shredded compost, in particular with mature dry garbage compost, provided the material is free-flowing.
  • the heavy parts stones, broken glass, fine metal parts
  • the light parts small pieces of plastic

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combined Means For Separation Of Solids (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Control And Other Processes For Unpacking Of Materials (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)

Claims (19)

1. Dispositif destiné à séparer un produit en grains en plusieurs fractions, comportant deux tables à lit fluidisé (2, 3) montées oscillantes, d'inclinaison réglable et traversées par un courant d'air commun, une arrivée (1) pour le produit en grains étant disposée au-dessus de l'extrémité haute de la table à lit fluidisé (2) supérieure, à laquelle fait face, à l'extrémité basse, une sortie (14) pour la fraction de grains plus légers et une sortie de pierres (13) étant encore prévue à l'extrémité haute de la table à lit fluidisé (3) inférieure et, à l'extrémité basse, une sortie ( 15) pour la fraction de grains lourds, et comportant un fond intermédiaire (17) placé entre les tables à lit fluidisé (2, 3), plus court que les tables à lit fluidisé (2, 3), destiné à l'évacuation d'une fraction mixte et qui s'étend de l'extrémité basse des tables à lit fluidisé (2, 3) vers l'extrémité haute, caractérisé en ce que les tables à lit fluidisé (2, 3) sont disposées dans un châssis (4) rigide et monté oscillant, auquel est associé un mécanisme oscillant ( 5) commun, dont le mouvement oscillant d'éjection est dirigé vers la sortie de pierres (13) et en ce que le fond intermédiaire (17) est incliné vers l'extrémité basse de la table à lit fluidisé (3) inférieure, la table à lit fluidisé (2) supérieure présentant au-dessous de l'arrivée (1) une zone (V) de surface lisse, laissant passer l'air et ne laissant pas passer le produit brut, et la table à lit fluidisé (3) inférieure présentant une surface rugueuse.
2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la table à lit fluidisé (2) supérieure présente dans le prolongement de ladite zone (V), transversalement à la table à lit fluidisé (2), une zone (D) de perforations (24) bien perméables.
3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'un seuil (31) est prévu transversalement à la table à lit fluidisé (2), dans le prolongement de la zone (D) de perforations (24) bien perméables, le seuil (31) ayant au moins une hauteur égale à une ou deux fois les dimensions moyennes des grains.
4. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 2 ou 3, caractérisé en ce que dans une deuxième zone (A), de la table à lit fluidisé (2) supérieure il est prévu des parois latérales pouvant être déplaéees l'une par rapport à l'autre, qui par leurs extrémités tournées vers la sortie (14) destinée à la fraction de grains plus légers, peuvent pivoter l'une par rapport à l'autre, afin de rétrécir en forme de coin la surface efficace de la table à lit fluidisé (2) supérieure vers la sortie (14) destinée à la fraction de grains plus légers.
5. Dipositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4, caractérisé en ce que le fond intermédiaire (17) est réglable en longueur, depuis l'extrémité basse des tables à lit fluidisé (2, 3) jusqu'à l'extrémité haute.
6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 5, caractérisé en ce que le fond intermédiaire (17) coupe les tables à litfluidisé (2, 3) sous un angle compris entre 25° et 40° (angle 28), et en ce que l'inclinaison (angle 26) des tables à lit fluidisé (2, 3) est comprise 5 et 10° par rapport à l'horizontale.
7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, caractérisé en ce que le fond intermédiaire (17) est formé par plusieurs profilés plats (18) qui sont montés dans le châssis (4), en rotation autour de leur axe médian longitudinal.
8. Dispositif selon la revendication 7, caractérisé en ce que les profilés plats (18) sont en contact réciproque lorsqu'ils se trouvent dans un même plan.
9. Dispositif selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que les profilés plats son étagés et forment un orifice de passage d'air aux différents étages (figure 6).
10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la sortie (16) de la fraction mixte prolonge de façon coplanaire la sortie (15) de la fraction de grains lourds, dans le plan de la table à lit fluidisé (3) inférieure.
11. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 10, caractérisé en ce que la table à lit fluidisé (3) inférieure présente une plaque (20) finement perforée, parallèlement et à une certaine distance au-dessous du support du produit (construction en sandwich), qui ensemble constituent une résistance d'air à peu près constante sur tout le support inférieur du produit, indépendamment de l'épaisseur de la couche de produit sur la table inférieure.
12. Dispositif selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce que la somme des sections transversales des trous de la plaque (20) finement perforée est inférieure ou au plus égale au dixième de la surface totale du support du produit.
13. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 12, caractérisé en ce qu'il est prévu un plan incliné (19), sous la deuxième zone (A) de la table à lit fluidisé (2) supérieure, descendant vers la sortie (13) des pierres et passant sous la zone (D) des perforations (24) bien perméables.
14. Dispositif selon la revendication 13, caractérisé en ce que le plan incliné (19) est réglable en longueur et/ou inclinaison, entre la première zone (V) et la zone (D) attenante des perforations (24) bien perméables.
15. Dispositif selon la revendication 13 ou 14, caractérisé en ce que le plan incliné (19) aboutit à peu près à mi-hauteur entre les deux tables à lit fluidisé (2, 3) et à peu près au tiers médian de la longueur de la table à lit fludisé (3) inférieure.
16. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 15, caractérisé en ce que la première zone (V) est à peu près aussi longue que la deuxième zone (A).
17. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 16, caractérisé en ce que la table à lit fluidisé (3) inférieure forme, au- dessous du fond intermédiaire (17), une dépression (30) en forme de goulotte dont le fond est perméable à l'air, la dépression (30) acheminant la fraction de grains lourds vers la sortie (15) correspondante.
18. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 17, caractérisé en ce qu'à une certaine distance au-dessus de la table à lit fluidisé (2) supérieure, la section transversale libre de l'évacuation d'air est subdivisée par des cloisons étanches en zones (11) de section transversale réglable, chaque zone (11) présentant un volet de réglage (32) pour le réglage de la quantité d'air.
19. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 1 à 13, caractérisé en ce que les deux tables oscillantes forment une unité oscillante et en ce que le capot de l'air évacué (10), situé au-dessus, est assemblé de manière fixe par des montants (9) à un bâti (8) fixe.
EP85901960A 1984-05-08 1985-05-08 Dispositif et procede permettant le triage separatif du grain Expired EP0181353B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
AT85901960T ATE34674T1 (de) 1984-05-08 1985-05-08 Vorrichtung und verfahren zum trennen von koernigem gut.

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH2240/84 1984-05-08
CH224084 1984-05-08

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0181353A1 EP0181353A1 (fr) 1986-05-21
EP0181353B1 true EP0181353B1 (fr) 1988-06-01

Family

ID=4229127

Family Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85902511A Expired EP0182831B1 (fr) 1984-05-08 1985-05-08 Installation et procede de triage de produits lourds, en particulier de pierres ou materiaux similaires, a partir de cereales et d'autres produits en vrac
EP85810219A Expired EP0162014B1 (fr) 1984-05-08 1985-05-08 Dispositif et procédé de séparation de matières granuleuses
EP85901960A Expired EP0181353B1 (fr) 1984-05-08 1985-05-08 Dispositif et procede permettant le triage separatif du grain

Family Applications Before (2)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP85902511A Expired EP0182831B1 (fr) 1984-05-08 1985-05-08 Installation et procede de triage de produits lourds, en particulier de pierres ou materiaux similaires, a partir de cereales et d'autres produits en vrac
EP85810219A Expired EP0162014B1 (fr) 1984-05-08 1985-05-08 Dispositif et procédé de séparation de matières granuleuses

Country Status (10)

Country Link
US (2) US4652362A (fr)
EP (3) EP0182831B1 (fr)
JP (2) JPH0659463B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR900001435B1 (fr)
AT (1) ATE31254T1 (fr)
AU (1) AU569011B2 (fr)
BR (1) BR8506704A (fr)
DE (3) DE3564386D1 (fr)
SU (2) SU1480753A3 (fr)
WO (2) WO1985005050A1 (fr)

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JPH0659463B2 (ja) 1994-08-10
SU1480753A3 (ru) 1989-05-15
JPS61502041A (ja) 1986-09-18
WO1985005050A1 (fr) 1985-11-21
JPH084780B2 (ja) 1996-01-24
EP0162014A1 (fr) 1985-11-21
AU569011B2 (en) 1988-01-14
EP0182831B1 (fr) 1988-08-17
BR8506704A (pt) 1986-04-15
WO1985005049A1 (fr) 1985-11-21
KR900001435B1 (ko) 1990-03-10
SU1477237A3 (ru) 1989-04-30
DE3564386D1 (en) 1988-09-22
DE3561131D1 (en) 1988-01-21
EP0162014B1 (fr) 1987-12-09
US4913804A (en) 1990-04-03
EP0181353A1 (fr) 1986-05-21
ATE31254T1 (de) 1987-12-15
KR860700096A (ko) 1986-03-31
JPS61502042A (ja) 1986-09-18
DE3562988D1 (en) 1988-07-07
US4652362A (en) 1987-03-24
AU4403985A (en) 1985-11-28
EP0182831A1 (fr) 1986-06-04

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