EP0120233A2 - Procédé de récupération de chaleur pendant le traitement thermique d'articles métalliques et four à passage continu - Google Patents
Procédé de récupération de chaleur pendant le traitement thermique d'articles métalliques et four à passage continu Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- EP0120233A2 EP0120233A2 EP84101137A EP84101137A EP0120233A2 EP 0120233 A2 EP0120233 A2 EP 0120233A2 EP 84101137 A EP84101137 A EP 84101137A EP 84101137 A EP84101137 A EP 84101137A EP 0120233 A2 EP0120233 A2 EP 0120233A2
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- zone
- heat transfer
- cooling
- transfer medium
- heat
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B9/00—Furnaces through which the charge is moved mechanically, e.g. of tunnel type; Similar furnaces in which the charge moves by gravity
- F27B9/30—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types
- F27B9/3005—Details, accessories, or equipment peculiar to furnaces of these types arrangements for circulating gases
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for heat recovery in the heat treatment of metallic useful material which is moved through a preheating zone, a treatment zone and a cooling zone, heat being transferred from the cooling zone into the preheating zone counter to the useful material flow by means of a gaseous heat transfer stream.
- the invention relates to a continuous furnace set up for carrying out this method for the heat treatment of metallic useful goods, with a preheating zone, a treatment zone and a cooling zone, through the furnace chamber of which a transport device that promotes the useful goods extends and with a device to remove heat from the To direct the cooling zone into the preheating zone to transfer the gaseous heat transfer stream from the cooling zone into the preheating zone counter to the flow of useful goods.
- the wall heat flow Q w (wall loss) can be reduced by suitable furnace construction and insulation.
- the useful heat flow Q N depends on the throughput, the treatment temperature and the heat capacity of the treated goods.
- the product When entering the cooling zone, the product has the temperature prevailing in the holding zone, which is reduced to ambient temperature by heat dissipation in the cooling zone. The heat dissipated in the process is generally lost because the equipment outlay associated with heat recovery in the heat treatment of metallic bulk or stacked goods previously appeared to be much too great.
- the object of the invention is therefore to recover a substantial part of the useful heat Q N to be dissipated in the cooling zone for heating the useful goods with simple adaptation to different operating conditions (starting, empty driving, changing the throughput, etc.), without an excessive apparatus Effort would be required.
- the heat transfer medium can be passed from the cooling zone directly through the treatment zone into the preheating zone. However, it is also possible to guide it at least partially in a pipe from the cooling to the preheating zone, which makes it possible to find out what to do with a lower degree of exchange or to increase the energy recovery somewhat.
- the preheating of the bulk or stacked goods in the preheating zone also means no recovered heat is available yet. It may therefore be appropriate for the bulk or stacked goods to be additionally heated at least temporarily in the preheating zone.
- the heat transfer medium can be guided in a circuit containing the cooling and / or the preheating zone, which is particularly important if the heat transfer medium is a valuable gas, for example a protective gas.
- the heat transfer medium is cooled at least at one point in the circuit before it enters the cooling zone.
- the flow of heat transfer medium can also be branched at the outlet from the cooling zone, a part of the heat transfer medium being returned to the cooling zone in the circuit.
- the temperature of the heat transfer medium can be measured in the vicinity of the transition between the cooling zone and the holding zone, the throughput of the heat transfer medium through the cooling zone then being regulated as a function of this temperature. It is also possible, if necessary additionally, to measure the temperature of the heat transfer medium in the vicinity of the entrance to the preheating zone and to regulate the throughput of the heat transfer medium through the preheating zone as a function of this temperature.
- the method allows a large part of the useful heat flow, which is otherwise uselessly dissipated in the cooling zone, to be recovered without great expenditure on apparatus, the practical experience being shown has that the recoverable portion is usually more than 50% of the useful heat flow. At the same time an automatic adaptation to different operating conditions of the heat treatment is possible.
- the continuous furnace set up at the outset which is set up for carrying out this method, is characterized according to the invention in that the preheating zone, the treatment zone and the cooling zone in the furnace chamber are arranged next to one another, that the cooling and the preheating zone force the heat transfer stream in countercurrent or in countercurrent in a substantially vertical direction to the useful g utstrom by the present in the form of bulk or stacked useful material conducting channels included that are disposed below the gas-permeable shaped transport means and which are closed at the top by gas-permeable charge carrier for the bulk or stacked.
- the arrangement is such that the channels are delimited at the top by a batch support of the transport device, on which the batch carriers lie sealed next to one another.
- At least one of the channels is divided into chambers in which an oppositely directed flow of the bulk or stacked goods with the heat transfer medium is generated by at least one blower conveying the heat transfer medium.
- the blower can be arranged in the region of a partition wall lying in the assigned channel between two chambers. In this way it is possible to create a suction and a pressure area below the transport device by means of a single blower in the two associated chambers, so that the bulk or stacked goods in these areas are also flowed through in the opposite direction.
- the blower can have a measuring device for the heat transfer throughput, which is associated with a cooperating, possibly automatic control device for the heat transfer flow, which allows the heat transfer flow to be set to the appropriate value in each case.
- passages for the heat transfer medium can be arranged between the treatment zone and the cooling zone and between the preheating zone and the treatment zone.
- the cooling zone and the preheating zone may do so via a, preferably through the treatment zone extending, optionally containing control means pipelines g en be interconnected.
- the inlet of the preheating zone and the outlet of the cooling zone are connected to one another by a valve-controlled return flow line for the heat transfer medium contains a blower and a cooler. From this return flow line, a tap-controlled branch line can branch off to the entrance of the cooling zone in order to be able to adjust the heat transfer rate as required.
- the continuous furnace in the area of the preheating zone can have an additional heating device which is effective at least during start-up.
- the continuous furnace at the entrance to the cooling and / or heating zone can each contain a temperature measuring point, the measuring signals of which are fed to at least one controller which, by engaging at least one actuator through which the heat transfer medium flows, the heat transfer flow through the cooling zone and / or the preheating zone to one predetermined setpoint.
- the continuous furnace shown schematically in the drawing in two different embodiments is used for heat treatment, for example for the annealing of metallic useful material made of steel or non-ferrous metals in the form of bulk or stacked goods. It has an elongated furnace chamber 1 made of heat-insulating material, the loading opening 2 and the discharge opening 3 of which are each closed by a door 4 and 5, respectively.
- the furnace chamber 1 contains a preheating zone 6, followed by a heating or treatment zone 7 and then a cooling zone 8. No doors are provided between these zones 6, 7, 8 in the embodiment shown, so that there is a direct connection between the corresponding furnace chamber parts.
- the treatment zone 7 and the cooling zone 8 is a continuous, gas-permeable transport device 9 extends, for example in the form of a gas let- lässi g en conveyor belt, roller or impact hearth.
- Batch baskets 10 having a gas-permeable bottom are successively placed on this transport device 9 through the loading opening 2, while batch baskets are removed through the dispensing opening 3 in the same cycle, so that the bulk goods contained in the batch baskets 10 successively through the preheating zone 6, the treatment zone 7 and the cooling zone 8 is transported through.
- the side walls of the batch baskets 10 are gas impermeable.
- the transport device 9 has a batch basket support 11 which is arranged in the region of the two mutually opposite inner walls of the furnace chamber 1 and consists essentially of two guide tracks on which the batch baskets 10 are transported abutting each other.
- Each batch basket 10 is provided with a gas-permeable bottom 12, while the batch basket support 11, with the batch baskets 10 thereon, seals a channel 13 arranged underneath, which extends over the length of the interior of the furnace chamber 1 and is shut off by transverse walls 14 against the treatment zone 7 and in Chambers 15, 16 is divided.
- the positions p of the batch baskets 10, which are moved in cycles, are each above the chambers 15, 16 which are adapted to their dimensions (cf. FIG. 3).
- a feed line 17 for a gaseous heat transfer medium opens into the chamber 15 located there.
- the feed line 17 contains a control valve 18, a blower 19 and a cooler 20; it is connected to a three-way control valve 21 and, together with a line 22 leading from the furnace chamber 1 in the vicinity of the entrance to the preheating zone 6, forms a return flow line for the heat transfer medium.
- a branch line 23 leads from the three-way control valve 21 and opens into the furnace chamber 1 in the vicinity of the entrance to the cooling zone 8. Air, exhaust gas or protective gas etc. can be used as the gaseous heat transfer medium.
- the furnace chamber 1 is heated in the area of the treatment zone 7 by a heater schematically indicated at 24.
- an additional heater 25 is provided in the area of the preheating zone 6, the task of which will be explained in more detail.
- the heat transfer medium flowing into the cooling zone 8 via the feed line 17 is forced in the manner shown in FIG. 1, the bulk material contained in the batch baskets 10, based on the an arrow at 26 indicated useful material flow to flow through in countercurrent, as illustrated at 27.
- a blower 28 is arranged between two adjacent chambers 15, 16, which is assigned to a side partition 29 in such a way that, as can be seen from FIG. 16 - pressurized with vacuum so that the bulk material in the batch baskets 10 flows through in the opposite sense.
- the heat transfer medium absorbs a substantial part of the useful heat contained in the bulk material located in the cooling zone 8; it is then passed directly into the preheating zone 6, where it is forced in a corresponding manner to flow through the bulk material contained in the batch baskets 10 again in cross-countercurrent 27 until, after cooling, it exits the preheating zone 6 via the line 22 and in the circuit again is fed back into the feed line 17.
- the preheating zone 6 and the cooling zone 8 are dimensioned such that the ratio of the heat capacity flows of useful material and heat transfer gas is approximately 1 in continuous operation.
- the so-called thermal degree of exchange c in the preheating and cooling zones depends on the batch area F, the heat transfer coefficient ⁇ , the heat capacity flow C and the number of flow passages (see e.g. VDI Heat Atlas, VDI-Verlag, Düsseldorf).
- the preheating zone 6, the cooling zone 8 and the heat transfer throughput through these zones are designed such that the greatest possible degree of heat exchange ⁇ results, which is in any case greater than 0.5, but preferably greater than 0.7.
- the heat transfer medium heated in the cooling zone 8 in the manner described can be flowed directly through passages 31, 32 through the treatment zone 7 from the cooling zone 8 into the preheating zone 6, which results in particularly simple structural conditions.
- a line 33 is also provided in the channel 13, which contains a control valve 340 and establishes a direct connection between the cooling zone 8 and the preheating zone 6 through the furnace chamber.
- This pipeline 33 also allows the heat transfer medium to be passed partially or completely from the cooling zone 8 into the preheating zone 6 if the degree of thermal exchange f is low. The energy recovery can also be increased somewhat by the pipeline 33.
- the heat transfer medium is circulated in the manner described via the lines 22, 17 by the blower 19 in a closed circuit, the cooler 20 allowing the heat transfer medium to be cooled to the desired temperature.
- the locks required in protective gas operation in the area of the loading and discharge openings 2 and 3 are not shown in detail.
- the circuit at the location of the cooler 20 is opened at 200, the cooler 20 being omitted.
- the cooling zone 8 contains a temperature sensor 34 near its entrance, the measurement signals of which are fed to a controller 35 which influences the peeling valve 18 and thus the heat transfer flow in the cooling zone 8, depending on the temperature prevailing at the transition between the cooling zone 8 and the treatment zone 7 regulates.
- the ratio of the heat capacity flow of useful material and heat transfer gas in the cooling zone 8 is "1 '', is the difference between the measured at 34 temperature and the measured at 35 Teme- ra t ur in the treatment zone 7 is equal to the difference between the heat carrier gas inlet temperature to the Mouth of the supply line 17 into the channel 13 and the temperature of the useful or bulk material when it emerges from the discharge opening 3. If these three temperatures are sufficiently constant, the temperature measured at 34 can be used directly as a control variable.
- Another temperature measuring point is provided at 36 at the entrance to the preheating zone 6.
- the temperature sensor arranged at this point controls the heat carrier gas flow through the preheating zone 6 via a controller 37 and the three-way control valve 21.
- the heat carrier flows entirely or for the most part through the preheating zone 6, while at. decreasing throughput or when emptying the heat transfer medium is entirely or partially conducted via the branch line 23 via the cooler 20 by lowering it to the desired temperature.
- the heat carrier flow is shut off by the controller 35 via the control valve 18, since none in the cooling zone 8 heated goods is included. Since the heating 24 of the treatment zone 7 is not sufficient for the nominal throughput in this case, the additional heating 25 is provided in the preheating zone 6 and then comes into action.
- the cross counterflow 27 in the cooling zone 8 and in the preheating zone 6 has in each zone at least two passages through the bulk material contained in the batch baskets 10. As already explained, one passage through the inflowing and the other passage through the extracted gas is realized, each fan 28 producing two such passages.
- each blower 28 is assigned a suction-side Venturi measuring nozzle 40, with which the heat carrier gas flow can be monitored and measurement signals can be generated which allow the heat capacity flow ratio of 1 between the flow of useful goods to be determined with the aid of sliders 400 and adjust the heat transfer flow.
- the slides 400 are controlled by servomotors 401.
- the batch baskets 10 are transported in the preheating zone 6 and in the cooling zone 8 by the transport device 9 in a vertical direction downwards or upwards one above the other.
- the blowers 28 of FIGS. 1-3 can even be omitted.
- the increased effort for the 90 ° transport deflection to be effected by the transport device 9 must be accepted.
- the exhaust gases are also introduced into the preheating zone 6 and cooled there.
- Treatment zone 7 4 batch baskets (2 for residual heating) Good heating from 530 ° ⁇ 700 ° C Heat carrier heating from 535 ° ⁇ 700 ° C (heat carrier directly through the treatment zone
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Tunnel Furnaces (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3307071 | 1983-03-01 | ||
DE3307071A DE3307071C2 (de) | 1983-03-01 | 1983-03-01 | Durchlaufofen für die Wärmbehandlung von metallischen Werkstücken |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP0120233A2 true EP0120233A2 (fr) | 1984-10-03 |
EP0120233A3 EP0120233A3 (fr) | 1985-07-03 |
Family
ID=6192115
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP84101137A Withdrawn EP0120233A3 (fr) | 1983-03-01 | 1984-02-04 | Procédé de récupération de chaleur pendant le traitement thermique d'articles métalliques et four à passage continu |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4582301A (fr) |
EP (1) | EP0120233A3 (fr) |
JP (1) | JPS59197514A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE3307071C2 (fr) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0562250A1 (fr) * | 1992-03-17 | 1993-09-29 | Joachim Dr.-Ing. Wünning | Procédé et dispositif de trempe de pièces métalliques |
AT513628B1 (de) * | 2013-04-29 | 2014-06-15 | Cpa Comp Process Automation Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wärmebehandeln von Langprodukten |
WO2018206617A1 (fr) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-15 | Ebner Industrieofenbau Gmbh | Système de four pourvu d'un chauffage à air chaud |
DE102021109672A1 (de) | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | Aerospace Transmission Technologies GmbH | Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Werkstücken |
Families Citing this family (54)
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DE3441288A1 (de) * | 1984-04-24 | 1985-10-31 | Paul Schneider Rohrleitungsbau GmbH, 8633 Rödental | Verfahren zur waerme- und/oder mittels eines gasfoermigen reagens durchgefuehrten chemischen behandlung von gut in einem langgestreckten behandlungsraum und behandlungsraum zur durchfuehrung des verfahrens |
DE3434906C2 (de) * | 1984-09-22 | 1993-03-04 | Otto Junker Gmbh, 5107 Simmerath | Vorrichtung zum Vorwärmen von metallischem Gut |
DE3441287A1 (de) * | 1984-11-12 | 1986-05-15 | Paul Schneider Rohrleitungsbau GmbH, 8633 Rödental | Tunnelofen |
EP0275671B1 (fr) * | 1986-12-19 | 1993-08-11 | Babcock-Hitachi Kabushiki Kaisha | Procédé de calcination d'un catalyseur de dénitrification |
JP2590182B2 (ja) * | 1987-03-07 | 1997-03-12 | 株式会社東芝 | 黒化炉およびこの黒化炉を使用したシャドウマスクの製造方法 |
US5180444A (en) * | 1988-09-21 | 1993-01-19 | A. Finkl & Sons Co. | Method for controlled fluid quenching of steel |
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US5350160A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1994-09-27 | Consolidated Engineering Company | Method and apparatus for heat treating metal castings |
US5354038A (en) * | 1989-09-29 | 1994-10-11 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Heat treatment of metal castings and in-furnace sand reclamation |
JP2546199Y2 (ja) * | 1991-01-31 | 1997-08-27 | マツダ株式会社 | ワークの冷却装置 |
DE4228006A1 (de) * | 1992-08-24 | 1994-03-03 | Ngk Insulators Ltd | Rollenherd-Durchlaufofen |
US5772429A (en) * | 1995-12-18 | 1998-06-30 | Fehrenbach; Michael James | Portable oven for heating of tiles |
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WO1997030805A1 (fr) * | 1996-02-23 | 1997-08-28 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Systeme et procede de recuperation de sable |
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US5738162A (en) * | 1997-02-20 | 1998-04-14 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Terraced fluidized bed |
US5997286A (en) * | 1997-09-11 | 1999-12-07 | Ford Motor Company | Thermal treating apparatus and process |
US6074599A (en) * | 1998-07-20 | 2000-06-13 | Ghafari Associates, Inc. | Air quenching chamber |
US6352430B1 (en) * | 1998-10-23 | 2002-03-05 | Goodrich Corporation | Method and apparatus for cooling a CVI/CVD furnace |
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US6336809B1 (en) | 1998-12-15 | 2002-01-08 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Combination conduction/convection furnace |
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US6672367B2 (en) | 1999-07-29 | 2004-01-06 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Methods and apparatus for heat treatment and sand removal for castings |
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JP2005532911A (ja) | 2002-07-11 | 2005-11-04 | コンソリデイテッド エンジニアリング カンパニー, インコーポレイテッド | 鋳造物からの砂鋳型の除去を補助するための方法および装置 |
US6901990B2 (en) * | 2002-07-18 | 2005-06-07 | Consolidated Engineering Company, Inc. | Method and system for processing castings |
KR20120116992A (ko) * | 2004-06-28 | 2012-10-23 | 콘솔리데이티드 엔지니어링 캄파니, 인크. | 주물로부터의 플래싱 및 방해물의 제거를 위한 방법 및 장치 |
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CN106247796B (zh) * | 2016-08-04 | 2018-05-29 | 惠安科培工业设计有限公司 | 一种适应制砖隧道窑的行走轨道结构 |
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WO2023235969A1 (fr) * | 2022-06-07 | 2023-12-14 | Innord Inc. | Système de récupération de chaleur pour fourneau et procédé pour la récupération de chaleur à partir de solides traités dans un fourneau |
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-
1983
- 1983-03-01 DE DE3307071A patent/DE3307071C2/de not_active Expired
-
1984
- 1984-02-04 EP EP84101137A patent/EP0120233A3/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 1984-02-28 US US06/584,480 patent/US4582301A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1984-03-01 JP JP59037400A patent/JPS59197514A/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR458048A (fr) * | 1913-02-25 | 1913-10-01 | Georg Richter | Procédé et appareil pour recuire ou cémenter des objets |
GB519325A (en) * | 1938-09-20 | 1940-03-21 | Curran Brothers Ltd | Improvements in or relating to heating furnaces |
FR874626A (fr) * | 1941-04-11 | 1942-08-13 | E I C T | Procédé de recirculation pour fours industriels |
FR1001299A (fr) * | 1946-04-11 | 1952-02-21 | Four continu à tunnel avec récupération thermique | |
FR2038592A5 (en) * | 1969-03-19 | 1971-01-08 | Koho Es Gepipari Miniszterium | Tunnel kiln for the firing of refractory - ceramic products |
US4093195A (en) * | 1977-01-19 | 1978-06-06 | Holcroft & Company | Carburizing furnace |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0562250A1 (fr) * | 1992-03-17 | 1993-09-29 | Joachim Dr.-Ing. Wünning | Procédé et dispositif de trempe de pièces métalliques |
US5452882A (en) * | 1992-03-17 | 1995-09-26 | Wunning; Joachim | Apparatus for quenching metallic ring-shaped workpieces |
AT513628B1 (de) * | 2013-04-29 | 2014-06-15 | Cpa Comp Process Automation Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wärmebehandeln von Langprodukten |
AT513628A4 (de) * | 2013-04-29 | 2014-06-15 | Cpa Comp Process Automation Gmbh | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Wärmebehandeln von Langprodukten |
WO2018206617A1 (fr) * | 2017-05-11 | 2018-11-15 | Ebner Industrieofenbau Gmbh | Système de four pourvu d'un chauffage à air chaud |
CN110612357A (zh) * | 2017-05-11 | 2019-12-24 | 艾伯纳工业筑炉有限公司 | 具有热空气加温机制的炉系统 |
DE102021109672A1 (de) | 2021-04-16 | 2022-10-20 | Aerospace Transmission Technologies GmbH | Vorrichtung zur Wärmebehandlung von metallischen Werkstücken |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE3307071A1 (de) | 1984-09-06 |
JPS59197514A (ja) | 1984-11-09 |
DE3307071C2 (de) | 1986-05-22 |
US4582301A (en) | 1986-04-15 |
EP0120233A3 (fr) | 1985-07-03 |
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