Classifications

• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4266—Natural fibres not provided for in group D04H1/425
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/425—Cellulose series
  • D04H1/4258—Regenerated cellulose series
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
  • D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
  • D04H1/435—Polyesters
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
  • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
  • D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
  • D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
  • D04H1/58—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives
  • D04H1/64—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions
  • D04H1/68—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by applying, incorporating or activating chemical or thermoplastic bonding agents, e.g. adhesives the bonding agent being applied in wet state, e.g. chemical agents in dispersions or solutions the bonding agent being applied in the form of foam
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
  • Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
  • Y10T428/31826—Of natural rubber
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/30—Woven fabric [i.e., woven strand or strip material]
  • Y10T442/3325—Including a foamed layer or component
  • Y10T442/3366—Woven fabric is coated, impregnated, or autogenously bonded
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
  • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
  • Y10T442/00—Fabric [woven, knitted, or nonwoven textile or cloth, etc.]
  • Y10T442/60—Nonwoven fabric [i.e., nonwoven strand or fiber material]
  • Y10T442/647—Including a foamed layer or component
  • Y10T442/652—Nonwoven fabric is coated, impregnated, or autogenously bonded

Definitions

• the invention relates to an absorbent fabric interspersed with pores made of a latex-bonded fiber material, which optionally contains a reinforcement made of woven, knitted, foam, nonwoven or abrasive nonwoven.
• Such fabrics are used in particular as a household cloth and are referred to as "sponge cloths" because of their absorbency.
• Sponge cloths are available in different designs. The most common is the viscose sponge cloth, while Gumni or polyurethane sponge cloths have no practical significance.
• sponges and window cloths made of cross-linked polyvinyl alcohol are used to a small extent. All of the products described above, in particular the crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol-containing cloths or sponges, are hard and brittle when dry.
• viscose sponge cloth is the most common. It often contains a fabric to increase tear resistance. Since the viscose sponge cloth is hard and brittle when dry, you have to impregnate with a diluted softening solution, e.g. Glycerin, suggested. While the viscose sponge cloth cannot withstand any mechanical stress in the absolutely dry state without this plasticizer additive and absorbs about 10% moisture when air-conditioned, the moisture absorption in a "softened” cloth is about 20%. In practical use, where the cloth dries only by leaving it lying around, a cloth that is subjectively perceived as dry still contains at least 15 to 20% moisture, which is sufficient to not let the cloth become completely brittle.
• a diluted softening solution e.g. Glycerin
• the invention is based on the object of developing an absorbent fabric which, with high water absorption and good suction speed, does not have the known disadvantages of the viscose sponge cloth.
• the cloth should be soft and pleasant to the touch, especially when dry, and should not show any bacteria or fungi.
• the use of plasticizers, pore formers or similar substances that interfere with use and change the properties of the cloth during use should be avoided.
• the object of the invention is also the development of an environmentally friendly method for producing the novel "sponge cloths".
• the object of the invention is achieved by the absorbent sheet material described in the claims and by the method for its production, which is also specified.
• the absorbent sheet according to the invention contains a hydrophilic fiber material which is latex-bonded and interspersed with essentially open pores.
• a hydrophilic fiber material which is latex-bonded and interspersed with essentially open pores.
• the nonwoven fabric can also contain mineral abrasives, so that the nonwoven fabric side has an abrasive effect.
• the fiber material consists of a mixture of hydrophilic staple fibers of different lengths and optionally fiber dust, cellulose, wood pulp, linters or the like.
• hydrophobic staple fibers made of synthetic material can be added as an admixture.
• the chamfer mixture is embedded in an open-pore foam, which suitably consists of heat-coagulable latex. Without any addition of salts or other pore formers, the latex is foamed using a gaseous medium, preferably with air.
• the fiber-latex ratio is expediently in the range from 80:20 to 10:90% by weight.
• the fiber material from the mixture described above is mixed according to a preferred method in aqueous suspension with the latex mixture and then foamed with air.
• the resulting foam mass is applied to a textile carrier and fixed by coagulation by the action of heat.
• the fiber-latex structure is then dried together with the carrier material in order to obtain a coherent structure.
• the fabric according to the invention differs decisively both from the raw materials and with regard to the production process from the known viscose sponge cloths. While the viscose sponge cloth is spread over the cellulose xanthate with salts, e.g. Sodium sulfate, as a pore former, the material according to the invention can be produced without pore former.
• the mass, which is only foamed with air, is fixed in its shape. The fixed latex foam is vulcanized or condensed during or after drying.
• the fiber mixture is optionally processed together with a wetting agent in a 5 to 30% by weight suspension, based on their total weight, to form the fiber foam. It is usually advisable to use a 10% by weight suspension.
• the latex mixture can either be added to this foam without being foamed or it can also be already foamed. It is advisable to use heat-sensitive latex mixtures that are coagulated by heat after application to the reinforcing fabric, knitted fabric, foam or nonwoven fabric. The fabric fixed in this way is dried and then vulcanized or condensed.
• the "sponge cloth” according to the invention has a soft feel even in the dry state and, in contrast to viscose sponge cloths, can therefore be marketed dry packed without the addition of water and plasticizers. It is therefore hygienically harmless, while the moist packaged viscose sponge cloths can always be infected by bacteria or fungi.
• the sponge cloth is essentially open-pored.
• the cell walls are severely broken.
• the product is very similar to the natural sponge with its dense tangle of fibrils and extensive cavities
• the material according to the invention can have hydrophilic properties both with regard to the fibers and hydrophobic with respect to the latex.
• the material In the dry state it is soft and elastic, while the elasticity is essentially retained even when wet. When wetting takes place very quickly, the material absorbs several times its own weight in water.
• the fiber-latex ratio is between 80:20 and 10:90% by weight.
• Cellulose short cuts with a fiber length of about 2 to 16 mm are proposed as hydrophilic, absorbent fibers, furthermore cellulose, cellulose dust, cotton dust, linters, wood pulp, polyvinyl alcohol fibers and mixtures of the above-mentioned components.
• fiber proportions of up to 100% by weight of cellulose dust, up to 100% by weight of cotton dust, up to 50% by weight of cellulose and 10 to 50% by weight of short cotton cuts (1.7 to 22 dtex) are recommended.
• fibers with a length of 5 to 8 mm are preferred.
• Polyamide, polyester, polypropylene or polyacrylonitrile fibers are suitable as hydrophobic synthetic short cut fibers.
• the synthetic fibers are advantageously added in an amount of 2 to 30% by weight.
• the proportions by weight relate in each case to the total weight of the fiber mixture.
• 0.5 to 2% by weight of conventional wetting agents are expediently added.
• the latex mixture consists of conventional acrylates, methacrylates, polyurethanes, butadiene-acrylonitrile copolymers or butadiene-styrene copolymers, it being recommended to use heat-coagulable mixtures, the composition of which can be determined by simple preliminary tests
• a 10% by weight fiber suspension is foamed to a liter weight of 200 to 500 g.
• the non-foamed or foamed latex mixture is added to this foam, the mixture of both components being brought to a liter weight of appropriately 200 to 500 g.
• the coagulation point of the heat-sensitive mixture is expediently between 30 and 60 ° C.
• the foamed mixture is applied to a reinforcing carrier made of woven, knitted, foam or nonwoven and coagulated under the action of heat.
• a pattern can be embossed for optical reasons.
• vulcanization is then carried out, e.g. at 150 ° C.
• the cloth is then washed out. Most of the water is removed by squeezing or suction and the pre-dewatered structure is dried again by the action of heat.
• the backing material coated on one or both sides remains as a reinforcement in the finished sponge cloth.
• the hydrophilic properties of the cloth can be varied according to the intended use.
• a further variation is also possible through a suitable choice of latex.
• rubber latex made from butadiene acrylonitrile, butadiene styrene and their diverse copolymers, if appropriate together with other copolymers, is also suitable as latex.
• aqueous dispersions of polyurethanes are also suitable.
• 106 g of butadiene acrylonitrile latex with a solids content of 47% by weight is adjusted to heat sensitivity using conventional additives (sulfur, zinc oxide, vulcanization accelerators, organopolysiloxanes, etc.) (coagulation point 55 to 60 ° C.) and foamed to twice the volume.
• 350 g of a 10% by weight cellulose dust / cotton dust suspension (cellulose / cotton 1: 1) are introduced into the foam and the entire mass is foamed to a final volume of 1100 ml.
• the foam mass is applied to a textile carrier material (cellulose fleece, 50 g / m 2 ), coagulated and dried at 130 ° C. It is then vulcanized at 150 ° C.
• the material thus produced is soft and has closely spaced pores of approximately 0.5 to 1 mm in diameter. The material absorbs four times its own weight in water.
• 106 g of butadiene acrylonitrile latex with a solids content of 47% by weight is adjusted to the heat with conventional additives (as in Example 1) (coagulation point 55 to 60 ° C.) and foamed to twice the volume.
• 200 g of a 10% by weight pulp suspension containing a wetting agent are stirred in, producing 650 ml of foam.
• the mass is applied to a 50 g / m 2 cellulose fleece, coagulated, dried at 130 ° C and vulcanized at 150 ° C. After washing, it is dried again.
• the result is a heavy material with very good strength.
• the rather layer-like structure has pores of very different sizes of approximately 0.5 to 4 mm in diameter. With this material, a sink can be weighted to dryness.
• the latex foam produced as in Example 2 is mixed with 400 g of foam, which is produced by foaming a 10% by weight suspension of 75% by weight cellulose and 25% by weight fiber dust from 50% by weight cellulose and 50% by weight cotton dust. Water and wetting agent was obtained. 1700 ml of foam are produced.
• the foam mass is approx . 2.5 mn thick on an approximately 50 g / m 2 heavy nonwoven fabric made of cellulose fibers, coagulated at 55 ° C and pre-dried at 130 ° C.
• the back of the nonwoven fabric is treated in the same way and the product is then vulcanized at 150 ° C. and then washed out and dried again.
• the pores of the material are separated by very thin layers of material, so that there is a loose structure and a soft feel.
• a latex foam made of polybutadiene acrylonitrile with a solids content of 42% by weight and a liter weight of 475 g are mixed with 350 g of a foam which is made by foaming a 10% by weight cellulose dust-cotton dust suspension (50% cellulose dust and 50% by weight). % Cotton dust) was obtained.
• the foam mass is applied to a carrier made of 2 mm thick foam, coagulated at 50 ° C. and provided with a pattern by stamping. After predrying, the back is also coated, coagulated at 50 ° C and also provided with a sample. After drying and vulcanization at 140 bwz. The material is washed out at 160 ° C and mechanically freed of water by squeezing.
• the very soft, spring-elastic cloth has a very low basis weight (289 g / m 2 ).
• 180 g latex mixture of polybutadiene acrylonitrile with a solids content of 35.5% by weight, which contain 10 g chalk, are made up to 350 ml foamed.
• 17.5 g of cotton wool dust, 8.8 g of bleached cellulose and 15.1 g of cellulose short cut fibers 5.6 / 6 (58%) are mixed with 330 g of water and 25 g of oleoylmethyl tauride as a wetting agent (24%) to 1200 ml of foam volume brought. Both foams are combined and foamed to a total of 2100 ml.
• the mass is applied 2.5 mm thick to a cellulose tissue (mesh size 1 x 3 mm) and coagulated at 47 ° C. After the pattern is pre-dried and the back of the cellulose fabric coated, coagulated and embossed in the same way. After drying at 130 ° C is vulcanized at 150 °, then washed out and dried again.
• the sponge cloth obtained according to this example has particularly favorable combinations of properties.
• the material is very soft and pleasant to the touch, has good strength and a low basis weight with a very open pore structure. It can be cooked without losing its structure and strength.
• Example 5 180 g of latex mixture as in Example 5 are added without foaming to 399 g of fiber suspension which has been foamed to 1000 ml.
• the fiber blend contains 25% cotton wool dust, 25% cellulose dust, 25% cellulose, 10% cellulose short cut fibers 5,6 / 8 and 15% polyester short cut fibers 3,3 / 8.
• the mixture of latex compound and fiber foam is foamed to 2,150 ml.
• the mass is applied as in Example 5, dried and vulcanized.
• the material has a slightly harder grip than the material obtained in Example 5 and is characterized by a high tensile strength at very high. low basis weight.

Landscapes

• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Textile Engineering (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Treatments For Attaching Organic Compounds To Fibrous Goods (AREA)
• Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
• Synthetic Leather, Interior Materials Or Flexible Sheet Materials (AREA)
• Paper (AREA)
• Cleaning Implements For Floors, Carpets, Furniture, Walls, And The Like (AREA)
• Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
• Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (3)

Family

ID=6144076

Family Applications (1)

Country Status (10)

Cited By (6)

Families Citing this family (48)

Citations (6)

Family Cites Families (12)

• 1981
  • 1981-10-14 DE DE19813140784 patent/DE3140784A1/de active Granted
• 1982
  • 1982-04-08 DE DE8282103019T patent/DE3279227D1/de not_active Expired
  • 1982-04-08 EP EP82103019A patent/EP0076888B1/fr not_active Expired
  • 1982-05-06 FI FI821599A patent/FI77973C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-05-25 YU YU1106/82A patent/YU42597B/xx unknown
  • 1982-05-28 JP JP57091114A patent/JPS5876434A/ja active Pending
  • 1982-06-07 NO NO821896A patent/NO162492C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-06-08 AU AU84658/82A patent/AU553566B2/en not_active Expired
  • 1982-07-06 DD DD82241439A patent/DD202107A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
  • 1982-07-27 US US06/402,350 patent/US4559243A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
  • 1982-10-13 ES ES516474A patent/ES8400860A1/es not_active Expired
• 1988
  • 1988-02-22 JP JP1988022291U patent/JPH0332507Y2/ja not_active Expired

Patent Citations (6)

Also Published As

Similar Documents

Legal Events