DK168622B1 - Magnetisk kraftsystem til lavfriktionstransport af laster - Google Patents
Magnetisk kraftsystem til lavfriktionstransport af laster Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DK168622B1 DK168622B1 DK015291A DK15291A DK168622B1 DK 168622 B1 DK168622 B1 DK 168622B1 DK 015291 A DK015291 A DK 015291A DK 15291 A DK15291 A DK 15291A DK 168622 B1 DK168622 B1 DK 168622B1
- Authority
- DK
- Denmark
- Prior art keywords
- profile
- magnetic
- magnets
- transport
- carrier
- Prior art date
Links
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
- B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
- B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
- B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61B13/00—Other railway systems
- B61B13/12—Systems with propulsion devices between or alongside the rails, e.g. pneumatic systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0605—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars formed by two belts, e.g. Hazelett-process
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/06—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths into moulds with travelling walls, e.g. with rolls, plates, belts, caterpillars
- B22D11/0637—Accessories therefor
- B22D11/068—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces
- B22D11/0685—Accessories therefor for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces by cooling the casting belts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/14—Closures
- B22D41/22—Closures sliding-gate type, i.e. having a fixed plate and a movable plate in sliding contact with each other for selective registry of their openings
- B22D41/28—Plates therefor
- B22D41/34—Supporting, fixing or centering means therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25C—HAND-HELD NAILING OR STAPLING TOOLS; MANUALLY OPERATED PORTABLE STAPLING TOOLS
- B25C5/00—Manually operated portable stapling tools; Hand-held power-operated stapling tools; Staple feeding devices therefor
- B25C5/02—Manually operated portable stapling tools; Hand-held power-operated stapling tools; Staple feeding devices therefor with provision for bending the ends of the staples on to the work
- B25C5/0285—Hand-held stapling tools, e.g. manually operated, i.e. not resting on a working surface during operation
- B25C5/0292—Hand-held stapling tools, e.g. manually operated, i.e. not resting on a working surface during operation with the objects to be stapled together introduced perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the tool in an opening formed by an anvil and a plunger
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B27K—PROCESSES, APPARATUS OR SELECTION OF SUBSTANCES FOR IMPREGNATING, STAINING, DYEING, BLEACHING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS, OR TREATING OF WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIALS WITH PERMEANT LIQUIDS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL TREATMENT OF CORK, CANE, REED, STRAW OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/0278—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation
- B27K3/0292—Processes; Apparatus involving an additional treatment during or after impregnation for improving fixation
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/02—Processes; Apparatus
- B27K3/08—Impregnating by pressure, e.g. vacuum impregnation
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- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/16—Inorganic impregnating agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/34—Organic impregnating agents
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B27—WORKING OR PRESERVING WOOD OR SIMILAR MATERIAL; NAILING OR STAPLING MACHINES IN GENERAL
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- B27K3/00—Impregnating wood, e.g. impregnation pretreatment, for example puncturing; Wood impregnation aids not directly involved in the impregnation process
- B27K3/52—Impregnating agents containing mixtures of inorganic and organic compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B27K5/00—Treating of wood not provided for in groups B27K1/00, B27K3/00
- B27K5/001—Heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
- B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
- B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
- B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C48/30—Extrusion nozzles or dies
- B29C48/305—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets
- B29C48/307—Extrusion nozzles or dies having a wide opening, e.g. for forming sheets specially adapted for bringing together components, e.g. melts within the die
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
- B41F13/08—Cylinders
- B41F13/10—Forme cylinders
- B41F13/12—Registering devices
- B41F13/14—Registering devices with means for displacing the cylinders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B41—PRINTING; LINING MACHINES; TYPEWRITERS; STAMPS
- B41F—PRINTING MACHINES OR PRESSES
- B41F13/00—Common details of rotary presses or machines
- B41F13/08—Cylinders
- B41F13/10—Forme cylinders
- B41F13/12—Registering devices
- B41F13/16—Registering devices with means for displacing the printing formes on the cylinders
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60B—VEHICLE WHEELS; CASTORS; AXLES FOR WHEELS OR CASTORS; INCREASING WHEEL ADHESION
- B60B39/00—Increasing wheel adhesion
- B60B39/003—Vehicle mounted non-skid chains actuated by centrifugal force
- B60B39/006—Vehicle mounted non-skid chains actuated by centrifugal force characterised by a control system for the actuation of the rotating chain wheel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
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- B60W30/18—Propelling the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61B—RAILWAY SYSTEMS; EQUIPMENT THEREFOR NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B61B13/00—Other railway systems
- B61B13/08—Sliding or levitation systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D83/00—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents
- B65D83/14—Containers or packages with special means for dispensing contents for delivery of liquid or semi-liquid contents by internal gaseous pressure, i.e. aerosol containers comprising propellant for a product delivered by a propellant
- B65D83/70—Pressure relief devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/12—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K17/00—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves
- F16K17/02—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side
- F16K17/14—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member
- F16K17/16—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member with fracturing diaphragm ; Rupture discs
- F16K17/162—Safety valves; Equalising valves, e.g. pressure relief valves opening on surplus pressure on one side; closing on insufficient pressure on one side with fracturing member with fracturing diaphragm ; Rupture discs of the non reverse-buckling-type
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES, LIGHT-SENSITIVE OR TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE DEVICES OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G9/00—Electrolytic capacitors, rectifiers, detectors, switching devices, light-sensitive or temperature-sensitive devices; Processes of their manufacture
- H01G9/004—Details
- H01G9/08—Housing; Encapsulation
- H01G9/12—Vents or other means allowing expansion
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M50/00—Constructional details or processes of manufacture of the non-active parts of electrochemical cells other than fuel cells, e.g. hybrid cells
- H01M50/30—Arrangements for facilitating escape of gases
- H01M50/342—Non-re-sealable arrangements
- H01M50/3425—Non-re-sealable arrangements in the form of rupturable membranes or weakened parts, e.g. pierced with the aid of a sharp member
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- B27K2240/00—Purpose of the treatment
- B27K2240/30—Fireproofing
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/12—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures
- F16H2061/1208—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures with diagnostic check cycles; Monitoring of failures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/12—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures
- F16H2061/122—Avoiding failures by using redundant parts
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/12—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures
- F16H2061/1256—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures characterised by the parts or units where malfunctioning was assumed or detected
- F16H2061/1284—Detecting malfunction or potential malfunction, e.g. fail safe; Circumventing or fixing failures characterised by the parts or units where malfunctioning was assumed or detected the failing part is a sensor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/36—Inputs being a function of speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/36—Inputs being a function of speed
- F16H59/38—Inputs being a function of speed of gearing elements
- F16H59/40—Output shaft speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/36—Inputs being a function of speed
- F16H59/38—Inputs being a function of speed of gearing elements
- F16H59/42—Input shaft speed
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/80—Technologies aiming to reduce greenhouse gasses emissions common to all road transportation technologies
- Y02T10/86—Optimisation of rolling resistance, e.g. weight reduction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T30/00—Transportation of goods or passengers via railways, e.g. energy recovery or reducing air resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S101/00—Printing
- Y10S101/36—Means for registering or alignment of print plates on print press structure
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S477/00—Interrelated power delivery controls, including engine control
- Y10S477/906—Means detecting or ameliorating the effects of malfunction or potential malfunction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/4935—Impregnated naturally solid product [e.g., leather, stone, etc.]
- Y10T428/662—Wood timber product [e.g., piling, post, veneer, etc.]
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicles With Linear Motors And Vehicles That Are Magnetically Levitated (AREA)
- Non-Mechanical Conveyors (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Vehicle Body Suspensions (AREA)
- Devices For Checking Fares Or Tickets At Control Points (AREA)
- Facsimile Scanning Arrangements (AREA)
- Friction Gearing (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Magnetic Record Carriers (AREA)
- Inspection Of Paper Currency And Valuable Securities (AREA)
- Details Of Connecting Devices For Male And Female Coupling (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
- Delivering By Means Of Belts And Rollers (AREA)
- Fittings On The Vehicle Exterior For Carrying Loads, And Devices For Holding Or Mounting Articles (AREA)
- Automobile Manufacture Line, Endless Track Vehicle, Trailer (AREA)
- Steering Control In Accordance With Driving Conditions (AREA)
- Control Of Combustion (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Control And Safety Of Cranes (AREA)
- Automatic Tape Cassette Changers (AREA)
- Warehouses Or Storage Devices (AREA)
- Thiazole And Isothizaole Compounds (AREA)
Description
i DK 168622 B1
Opfindelsen angår et magnetisk system til lavfriktionstransport af laster ifølge den indledende del af krav 1.
Kendte magnetiske kraftsystemer, også kaldt svæ-5 vesystemer, bevæger sig på praktisk talt friktionsfri måde over bæreskinner med en særlig adskillelsesspalte fra skinnerne. Disse systemer er almindeligvis dyre og komplicerede, således at det er et spørgsmål, om de er profitable.
10 I VDI-News nr. 1 af 3. januar 1986 beskrives den magnetiske jernbane "Transrapid 06" fra Emden. Det er klart, at en stor teknisk indsats er nødvendig for at bære køretøjet i en højde på 1 cm. Uheldigvis er energiforbruget, der er nødvendigt for at holde det 120 tons 15 tunge køretøj svævende, ikke angivet. Dette svarer til en vægt på 120.000 kg med en belastning på 196 personer, hvilket er 612 kg pr. person, hvor hver person sættes til 80 kg. Hertil må lægges omkostningerne ved den praktiske anvendelse og de stadig uløste problemer med hen-20 syn til sne og is.
Væsentlige vanskeligheder er erfaret ved de kendte japanske svævejernbaner. Nogle af disse må køre på hjul, indtil en hastighed på 200 km/t er nået, på hvilket tidspunkt svævningen begynder.
25 Den såkaldte "Berlin Magnetic Railway", der er beskrevet i DE-A-24 26 053, fungerer på en lignende måde. Forskellen ligger her i, at lederullerne er rettet over magnetfeltet.
I fransk patentansøgning FR-A-22 28 650 er der 30 beskrevet et magnetisk transportsystem, hvori magneterne, især permanentmagneter, er anbragt i forhold til ferromagnetiske profiler i overensstemmelse med den første del af krav 1. Magneterne er imidlertid anbragt i forhold til profilerne med modsatte poler vendende mod 35 hinanden, hvilket her benævnes tiltrækningsprincippet.
Til disse slutter de i hovedsagen vandretliggende ferro- 2 DK 168622 B1 magnetiske vægge sig. Herved opnås en forholdsvis lille belastningskapacitet. Den samlede last er her mange gange nyttelasten.
Fra DE-A-33 47 635 kendes et magnetisk kraftsy-5 stem, der også er konstrueret efter tiltrækningsprincippet, dvs. med modsatte poler i forhold til ferromagne-tiske vægge. Også her opnås en forholdsvis lille last-bærekapacitet. Endvidere er den anvendte konstruktion meget dyr, eftersom der må anvendes mange magneter for 10 at løfte en given last.
Også DE-A-21 46 143 viser et magnetisk kraftsystem med i det mindste én magnet og i det mindte én polflade, til hvilken lasten er fastgjort. Der er yderligere tilvejebragt et magnetisk blødt bæreprofil monte-15 ret på en fast bærer, hvor profilvæggen er orienteret lodret, og profiloverfladen rager i bærerens retning.
Dette system anvender imidlertid ledesystemer med regulerede elektromagneter som sidestyr, hvilket gør systemkonstruktionen forholdsvis kompleks.
20 Endelig viser US-A-4.324.185 et transportsystem, hvormed permanentmagneter, anbragt med i køreretningen efter hinanden vekslende poler, hvorpå lasten hænger.
Ved begge polsider for permanentmagneterne er anbragt skinner fremstillet af ferromagnetiske jernpladepakker, 25 som danner i det væsentlige lodrette vægge, der er parallelle med hinanden og magnetpolerne. Magneterne er i køreretningen anbragt med indbyrdes luftspalte og med vekslende polretning, således at der altid er en i det væsentlige vandret magnetlinieflux mellem to på hinanden 30 følgende magneter. Den relative fastholdelse af luftspalten mellem bæreprofiler og magneter realiseres ved hjælp af tilsvarende førings ruller. I de laminerede bæreprofiler er der langs hele kørestrækningen indlagt elektromagnetiske spoler, som ved en passende ydre sty-35 ring sammen med de på lasten befæstigede i køreretningen skiftevis polede permanentmagneter samtidig sørger for 3 DK 168622 B1 fremdriften og til dels også for svævningen. Ved den j ernpladelamelagtige udformning af bæreprofilerne og de i disse indbyggede spoler bliver virkningsgraden nedsat relativt kraftigt. Opbygningen specielt af bæreprofiler-5 ne er meget kompleks og omkostelig, specielt eftersom hele kørestrækningslængden skal fremstilles af jernpla-depakker med spoler imellem.
Det er opfindelsens formål at tilvejebringe et magnetisk kraftsystem af den tidligere beskrevne art, 10 som er simpelt og enkelt at bygge, og som tilvejebringer en pålidelig funktion med minimalt energiforbrug og høj virkningsgrad.
Disse mål opnås ved hjælp af et magnetisk kraftsystem, der ifølge opfindelsen har de i krav 1' s kende-15 tegnende del angivne ejendommeligheder.
I denne forbindelse er der anbragt to par magneter i forbindelse med en lodret bæreprofilvæg, på en sådan måde, at det er samme poler, der ligger over for hinanden i forhold til væggen, altså N-N eller S-S, 20 hvilket her benævnes frastødningsprincippet. Det har vist sig, at man ved anvendelse af frastødningsprincippet opnår en stærkt forøget virkningsgrad, i sammenligning med tiltrækningsprincippet.
Ifølge en videreudvikling af opfindelsestanken 25 kan som ferromagnetisk bæreprofil benyttes et nedad åbent U-profil, hvor der indvendig i profilet mellem de to lodrette grene eller sidevægge er anbragt mindst ét ikke kortsluttet magnetpar, og der ved hver af profilsidevæggenes ydersider er anbragt mindst ét magnetpar, 30 idet magnetflader med identiske poler vender imod hinanden i forbindelse med de lodrette vægge.
Ved anbringelse af flere profiler ved siden af hinanden eller af profiler ved siden af hinanden kan der opnås en væsentlig forøgelse af lasteevnen.
35 Magnetkraftsysternet ifølge opfindelsen tillader installationer, der har forskellige konstruktioner.
4 DK 168622 B1 F.eks. kan lasten, der transporteres af systemet, anbringes over profil/magnet-systemet. Dette tillader, hvad man kan kalde et stående arrangement.
Lasten, der bæres af systemet, kan imidlertid 5 også anbringes under profil/magnet-systemet. Dette kan kaldes et ophængt arrangement. Dette ophængte arrangement kan udføres i flere forskellige variationer, fordi det ferromagnetiske bæreprofil og også drivelementet i dette tilfælde er tilvejebragt neden under bæresystemet, 10 der kan være en betonunderstøtning. På denne måde kan følsomheden over for dårligt vejr, især om vinteren, formindskes.
Driften af køretøjet kan tilvejebringes på forskellige måder, f.eks. ved hjælp af drivruller i berø-15 ring med bæreskinnerne eller ved hjælp af en lineær motor.
Opfindelsen forklares i det følgende nærmere under henvisning til tegningen, hvor fig. 1 viser en første udførelsesform med et pla-20 deformet bæreprofil og kortsluttede magneter anbragt parvis på hver side af profilet, fig. 2 en anden udførelsesform med et U-formet bæreprofil og magneter anbragt imellem og uden for grenene, 25 fig. 3 et multipel arrangement af den i fig. 2 viste udførelsesform, fig. 4-7 viser mulige udformninger af systemer, der anvender betonunderstøtninger, hvor: fig. 4 viser et første arrangement med belast-30 ningen placeret under profil/magnet-systemet, dvs. ophængt anbringelse, fig. 5 et arrangement med lasten placeret over profil/magnet-systemet, dvs. stående anbringelse, fig. 6 et sidebillede af et system, der anvender 35 en ophængt last i form af et køretøj til persontransport, og 5 DK 168622 B1 fig. 7 det i fig. 6 viste arrangement set forfra.
I den i fig. 1 viste udførelsesform er det skinneformede bæreprofil 2 en flad plade, på begge sider af hvilken der er tilvejebragt magnetpar. I forhold til 5 profilskinnen 2 vender polerne på de til hinanden svarende over for hinanden liggende magneter mod hinanden, altså syd-syd eller nord-nord, frastødningsprincippet.
De ydre poler af de respektive magnetpar, der er anbragt i rækkefølge i langsgående retning, er kortsluttet gen-10 nem en ferromagnetisk plade 4. På denne måde er de magnetiske kraftlinier optimeret, idet disse linier løber mellem magnetparrene, der er orienteret i langsgående retning, og også gennem profilet 2 og pladen 4.
Fig. 2 viser en udførelsesform med forøget kraft, 15 hvor bæreprofilet 2 er et nedadtil åbent U-profil. Ved dettes to sidevægge eller -grene er der anbragt magneter 1 samme eller lignende opstilling som i fig. 1 både mellem grenene og uden for disse. Også her har de modstående polflader samme polaritet, således at kraftlinierne, 20 idet de frastøder hinanden, følger et tilsvarende kredsløb gennem de ferromagnetiske bærevægge og kortsluttende plader. Der opnås herved en tilsvarende forøgelse af kraften.
Fig. 3 viser et multipelarrangement af udførel-25 sesformen ifølge fig. 2. Ved dette arrangement opnås en yderligere forøgelse af kraften.
Fig. 4 viser en mulig anvendelse af systemet l, 2 i ophængt arrangement. Bæreprofilet 2 er fastgjort på undersiden af en betonbærer 6, medens magneterne 30 i, der samvirker med profilet 2, er anbragt på oversiden af lasten 7, der er ophængt under betonbæreren 6 og f.eks. kan være et transportkøretøj. Ved oversiden af lasten eller køretøjet 7 er yderligere anbragt lederuller 3, som samvirker med mellembæreskinner. Frem-35 driften sker ved hjælp af en lineær motor 5, der er anbragt i midten.
Claims (7)
1. Magnetisk kraftsystem til lavfriktionstransport af laster med, 20. mindst et bæreprofil (2) af ferromagnetisk ma teriale, befæstiget til en stedfast bærer, hvor bæreprofilet (2) har en lodret profilvæg, som strækker sig parallelt med transportretningen, - mindst to i forhold til en profilvæg modstående 25 permanentmagnetpar (1), idet et magnetpar består af to i transportretningen efter hinanden langs profilvæggen og i det væsentlige parallelt med denne og med på tværs af transportretningen og i transportretningen modsat rettede poler, hvis udvendige poler er forbundet via en 30 ferromagnetisk plade (4), - med en luftspalte mellem såvel magneter og bæ-reprofilvæg som mellem i transportretningen efter hinanden følgende magneter, idet lasten er forbundet med magneterne, og 35. mekaniske midler til at fastholde luftspalten, kendetegnet ved, DK 168622 B1 - at de i forhold til profilvæggen (2) mod hinanden vendende magnetpoler (1) alle har samme polaritet (N-N, S-S).
2. System ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet 5 ved, at der som fer romagnetisk bæreprofil (2) benyttes et nedad åbent U-profil, at der indvendig i profilet mellem de to lodrette grene eller sidevægge er anbragt mindst ét ikke kortsluttet magnetpar (1), og at der ved hver af profilsidevæggenes ydersider er anbragt mindst 10 ét magnetpar (1), idet magnetflader med identiske poler vender imod hinanden i forbindelse med de lodrette vægge.
3. System ifølge krav 1 og 2, kendetegnet ved, at der for at øge lasteevnen er anbragt fle- 15 re profiler (2) ved siden af hinanden med tilsvarende tilknyttede magneter (1).
4. System ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at den last (7), der skal transporteres ved hjælp af systemet (1,2) er anbragt over profil/magnet-syste- 20 met.
5. System ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at den last (7), der skal transporteres ved hjælp af systemet (1,2) er anbragt under profil/magnet-syste- met.
6. System ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at der til transport i systemetr (1,2) er anbragt en lineær motor (5).
7. System ifølge krav 1, kendetegnet ved, at der til transport i systemet (1,2) er anbragt 30 drivruller, som samvirker med profilet.
Applications Claiming Priority (8)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE3606459 | 1986-02-27 | ||
DE3606459 | 1986-02-27 | ||
DE3635258 | 1986-10-16 | ||
DE3635258A DE3635258C1 (de) | 1986-02-27 | 1986-10-16 | Magnetkraftsystem fuer reibungsarmen Transport von Lasten |
NO874460 | 1987-10-26 | ||
NO874460A NO168571C (no) | 1986-02-27 | 1987-10-26 | Magnetkraftsystem for friksjonsfri transport av last |
NO904687A NO174497B (no) | 1986-02-27 | 1990-10-29 | Magnetkraftsystem for lavfriksjonstransport av last |
NO904687 | 1990-10-29 |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DK15291A DK15291A (da) | 1991-01-29 |
DK15291D0 DK15291D0 (da) | 1991-01-29 |
DK168622B1 true DK168622B1 (da) | 1994-05-09 |
Family
ID=27433529
Family Applications (2)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DK545487A DK167748B1 (da) | 1986-02-27 | 1987-10-19 | Magnetisk kraftsystem til lavfriktionstransport af laster |
DK015291A DK168622B1 (da) | 1986-02-27 | 1991-01-29 | Magnetisk kraftsystem til lavfriktionstransport af laster |
Family Applications Before (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DK545487A DK167748B1 (da) | 1986-02-27 | 1987-10-19 | Magnetisk kraftsystem til lavfriktionstransport af laster |
Country Status (23)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (2) | EP0356370B1 (da) |
JP (2) | JPH088724B2 (da) |
CN (2) | CN1014504B (da) |
AT (1) | ATE63267T1 (da) |
AU (2) | AU594756B2 (da) |
BR (1) | BR8706040A (da) |
CA (1) | CA1270913A (da) |
DE (1) | DE3635258C1 (da) |
DK (2) | DK167748B1 (da) |
FI (1) | FI89886C (da) |
GR (2) | GR3001078T3 (da) |
HU (1) | HU205302B (da) |
LV (2) | LV10412B (da) |
MA (1) | MA20886A1 (da) |
MX (1) | MX168302B (da) |
NO (1) | NO174497B (da) |
OA (1) | OA08832A (da) |
PT (1) | PT84386B (da) |
RO (2) | RO105679B1 (da) |
RU (1) | RU2069156C1 (da) |
TR (1) | TR23073A (da) |
WO (1) | WO1987005271A1 (da) |
YU (1) | YU31587A (da) |
Families Citing this family (39)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE3914093A1 (de) * | 1989-04-28 | 1990-10-31 | Walter Hruby | Magnetbahn auf trassen und bahnschienen herkoemmlicher art |
DE4016948A1 (de) * | 1990-05-25 | 1991-11-28 | Geze Gmbh & Co | Schiebefuehrung |
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DE202011001549U1 (de) | 2011-01-15 | 2011-03-17 | Ginzel, Lothar, Dipl.-Ing. | Permanentmagnetanordnung für einen Motor oder einen Generator |
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-
1986
- 1986-10-16 DE DE3635258A patent/DE3635258C1/de not_active Expired
-
1987
- 1987-02-23 EP EP89710065A patent/EP0356370B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-02-23 EP EP87102547A patent/EP0234543B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-02-23 HU HU871813A patent/HU205302B/hu not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-02-23 RO RO130197A patent/RO105679B1/ro unknown
- 1987-02-23 BR BR8706040A patent/BR8706040A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-02-23 RO RO148863A patent/RO105680B1/ro unknown
- 1987-02-23 RU SU874203537A patent/RU2069156C1/ru active
- 1987-02-23 AT AT89710065T patent/ATE63267T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-02-23 JP JP62501792A patent/JPH088724B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-02-23 WO PCT/EP1987/000100 patent/WO1987005271A1/de active IP Right Grant
- 1987-02-23 AU AU71251/87A patent/AU594756B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1987-02-26 CA CA000530639A patent/CA1270913A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1987-02-27 PT PT84386A patent/PT84386B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-02-27 MA MA21122A patent/MA20886A1/fr unknown
- 1987-02-27 TR TR149/87A patent/TR23073A/xx unknown
- 1987-02-27 CN CN89108553A patent/CN1014504B/zh not_active Expired
- 1987-02-27 MX MX005400A patent/MX168302B/es unknown
- 1987-02-27 CN CN87102608A patent/CN1007505B/zh not_active Expired
- 1987-03-02 YU YU00315/87A patent/YU31587A/xx unknown
- 1987-10-19 DK DK545487A patent/DK167748B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1987-10-26 FI FI874694A patent/FI89886C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1988
- 1988-04-15 OA OA59331A patent/OA08832A/xx unknown
-
1989
- 1989-11-22 JP JP1304523A patent/JPH088726B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1990
- 1990-06-13 AU AU57099/90A patent/AU617253B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1990-10-29 NO NO904687A patent/NO174497B/no unknown
- 1990-11-15 GR GR90400921T patent/GR3001078T3/el unknown
-
1991
- 1991-01-29 DK DK015291A patent/DK168622B1/da not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-07-18 GR GR91401034T patent/GR3002334T3/el unknown
-
1992
- 1992-12-30 LV LVP-92-683A patent/LV10412B/lv unknown
- 1992-12-30 LV LVP-92-682A patent/LV10411B/lv unknown
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B1 | Patent granted (law 1993) | ||
PBP | Patent lapsed |