DE832031C - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmiermitteln - Google Patents
Verfahren zur Herstellung von SchmiermittelnInfo
- Publication number
- DE832031C DE832031C DEP48027A DEP0048027A DE832031C DE 832031 C DE832031 C DE 832031C DE P48027 A DEP48027 A DE P48027A DE P0048027 A DEP0048027 A DE P0048027A DE 832031 C DE832031 C DE 832031C
- Authority
- DE
- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- lubricating oil
- mineral lubricating
- heat treatment
- oil
- acids
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
- C10M159/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
- C10M159/12—Reaction products
- C10M159/20—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
- C10M159/22—Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing phenol radicals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G8/00—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
- C08G8/04—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes
- C08G8/08—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ
- C08G8/12—Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ with monohydric phenols having only one hydrocarbon substituent ortho on para to the OH group, e.g. p-tert.-butyl phenol
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
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- C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
- C10M2205/026—Butene
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- C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
- C10M2205/16—Paraffin waxes; Petrolatum, e.g. slack wax
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Description
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmiermitteln.
Es ist bekannt, daß ein im wesentlichen nicht korrodierendes und keine Zusätze enthaltendes
Mineralschmieröl "häufig unter den üblichen Bedingungen
des Laufes der Maschine mehr und mehr korrodierend wird. Diese Tendenz wird vergrößert
bzw. beschleunigt z. B. durch eine Erhöhung der Temperatur, durch Spuren gelöster Metalle, durch
in dem öl gebildete Abbauprodukte und durch eine Anzahl anderer Faktoren. Es ist allgemein üblich,
dem öl ein Zusatzmittel zuzugeben zwecks Entfernung der in der Maschine gebildeten Kohlenstoffabsciheidungen
bzw. des Schlammes und so zu dem Reinhalten der Lagerflächen l>eizutragen. Die
für diesen Zweck verwendeten Zusätze werden üblicherweise als detergents, d. h. als die Ablagcj
rung auflockernde, reinigend wirkende Zusätze bezeichnet.
Eine weitere Art der Korrosion, die in allen Verbrennungskraftmaschinen
eintritt, ist das Rosten der Zylinderwände und anderer Oberflächen aus Eisenmetallen infolge der korrodierenden Eigenschaften
der Verbrennungsprodukte, wie Wasser, Kohlendioxyd und Schwefeloxyde.
Die bisher benutzten, reinigend wirkenden Zusätze verbessern im allgemeinen nicht die Korrosions-
öder Rostschutzeigenschaften des Öls, dem sie zugegeben sind, und scheinen sogar in manchen
Fällen diese E igen seihaften zu verhindern.
Es ist infolgedessen üblich, bei Verwendung dieser Zusätze die Korrosions- und/oder Rostschutzeigenschaften
des Schmierölmaterials zu verbessern durch Einverleibung anderer bekannter Korrosion
und Rosten verhindernder oder vermindernder Zusätze.
Die vorliegende Erfindung schlägt Mineralschmiermittel vor, die eine Gruppe von reinigend
wirkenden Zusätzen enthalten, die darüber hinaus auch als Korrosions- und Rostschutz wirken.
Als bisherige, reinigend wirkende Zusätze sind ölmisdhbare Metallsalze des Kondensationsproduktes
eines kohlenwasserstoffsubstituierten Phenols ίο mit einem Aldehyd niedrigen Molekulargewichtes
beschrieben. Derartige Kondensationsprodukte sind wohlbekannte Zwischenstoffe bei der Herstellung
von Kunstharzen, und ihre Umwandlung zu Schmierölzusätzen war durch einfache Überführung
. i5 in ihre Metallsalze möglich, die dann Schmierölen
in der gewünschten Menge mit oder ohne einen Lösungsvermittler zugegeben werden konnten.
Schmieröle mit einem Gehalt an solchen Salzen von Phenolaldehydkondensationsprodukten, hergeao
stellt nach dem oben erwähnten üblichen Verfahren, ermangelten, wie sich zeigte, der Rostschutzeigenschaften,
und es mußten danach den ölen, um diesen Mangel zu heilen, weitere Zusätze zugegeben
werden.
as Es wurde nun gefunden, daß dieser Nachteil be- !
seitigt werden kann durch Herstellung der Salze der Phenolaldehydkondensationsprodukte in einem j
Einstufenverfahren in Gegenwart eines Mineralschmieröls. [ So zeigen Schmierölmittel, die durch Umsetzung
eines kohlenwasserstoffsubstituierten Phenols mit j Formaldehyd oder Acetaldehyd und einem Erdalkalihydroxyd
in Gegenwart eines Mineralschmieröls und, gewünsditenfalls, Vermischen des
resultierenden Stoffes mit weiteren Mengen des ; gleichen oder eines anderen Mineralschmieröls gewonnen werden, wesentlich andere Eigenschaften
als Schmierölmittel, die durch Zumischen eines fertigen Erdalkalisalzes eines Phenolaldehydkondensationsproduktes
zu einem Mineralschmieröl gewonnen wurden. In einer Hinsicht ist diese Änderung dieser Eigenschaften vorteilhaft, da die durch
ein Einstufenverfahren hergestellten Produkte bemerkenswerte Rostschutzeigenschaften besitzen.
Wird jedoch die Stabilität des nach dem Einstufenverfahren hergestellten Produktes gegenüber
schwachen Säuren mit der Stabilität des durch Zumischen eines fertigen Erdalkalisalzes eines P'henolaldehydkondensationsproduktes
zu einem Mineral-Schmieröl hergestellten Produktes verglichen, so zeigt sich, daß diese Stabilität bei dem Einstufenverfahrensproduk^
sich ungünstig verändert hat.
Diese verminderte Stabilität gegenüber schwachen Säuren vermindert die Vorteile der Schmiermittel.
So ist in einer Verbrennungsmaschine nach dem Stillsetzen und Stehenlassen unvermeidlicherweise
durch die Verbrennungsprodukte und Schmiermittelabbauprodukte angesäuertes Kondenswasser
zugegen, und auch unter normalen Betriebsbedingungen sind Säuren stets in den Verbrennungsprodukten der Treibstoffe und in den Abbauprodukten
der Schmiermittel vorhanden. Ein durch Wasser und/oder Säuren zersetzbares Zusatzmittel
wird also bald in einer Verbrennungsmaschine unter normalen Betriebsbedingungen zerstört und
kann infolgedessen kein völlig befriedigendes Hilfsmittel darstellen, welche anderen guten Eigenschaften
es auch besitzen mag.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß, wenn die durch das oben aufgezeigte einstufige Verfahren gebildeten
Stoffe einer längeren Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur von ungefähr 8oc bis ungefähr
2500, vorzugsweise von ungefähr 1200 bis ungefähr
i6o°, unterworfen werden, eine Änderung der Natur des Salzes des Phenolaldehydkondensations-Produktes
stattfindet, mit der eine Umkehrung der Stabilität auf die der üblichen vorhergebildeten Zusätze
oder sogar in manchen Fällen darüber hinaus einhergeht. Außerdem bleiben die Rostschutzeigenschaften
erhalten, statt daß sie völlig zerstört werden, wie das zu erwarten wäre, wenn infolge
des längeren Erhitzens das Produkt sich nur in ein dem vorhergebildeten Produkt entsprechendes zurückverwandelt
hätte. Auch erfolgt kein Nachlassen der reinigenden Wirkung.
Zur Verdeutlichung der Erfindung werden im folgenden verglichen die Eigenschaften von 1. Mineralschmierölen
mit einem Gehalt an einem fertigen Erdalkalisalz eines Phenolaldehydkondensationsproduktes
(Öle A), 2. Mineralschmierölen mit einem Gehalt an dem Erdalkalisalz, hergestellt aus
den entsprechenden Bestandteilen in einem oben beschriebenen Einstufenverfahren (öle B) und
3. Mineralschmierölen mit einem Gehalt an Erdalkalisalz, hergestellt aus den entsprechenden Be-■standteilen
in einem oben beschriebenen Einstufenverfahren mit nachfolgender längerer Wärmebehandlung
(öle C).
Reinigende
Eigenschaften
Eigenschaften
Rostschutzeigenschaften
Stabilität gegenüber schwachen Säuren
öle A sehr gut schlecht gut
öle B sehr gut sehr gut sehr schlecht
öle C sehr gut gut sehr gut
Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung zur Herstellung von Schmierölmitteln werden kohlenwasserstoffsubstituierte
Phenole, die mindestens 4 Kohlenstoffatome in dem einzigen Substituenten oder in
einem der Substituenten besitzen und mit Formaldehyd oder Acetaldehyd unter Bildung von harzartigen
Kondensationsprodukten reagieren können, mit Formaldehyd oder Acetaldehyd oder einem zur
Bildung eines solchen Aldehyds bei Erwärmen fähigen Polymeren zur Reaktion gebracht und dann
mit einem Erdalkalihydroxyd in Gegenwart eines Mineralschmieröls umgesetzt. Die Herstellung ist
dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reaktionsgemisch einer längeren Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur
von ungefähr 8o° bis ungefähr 250'1 unterworfen
wird, bis das Umsetzungsprodukt im wesentlichen gegen schwache Säuren stabil geworden
ist. Diese Produkte können mit weiteren Mengen des gleichen oder eines anderen Mineralschmieröls,
entweder vor oder nach der Wärmebehandlung, vermischt werden.
Die bei dem Verfahren der Erfindung verwendeten Phenole müssen zur Bildung harzartiger Kon-•densationsprodukte
mit Aldehyden in der Lage sein und müssen außerdem einen Kohlenwasserstoffsubstituenten
von mindestens 4 Kohlenstoffatomen besitzen, um öllösliche Kondensationsprodukte zu
ergeben. Derartige Substituenten können /.. B. sein: Butyl-, Amyl-, Hexyl-, Heptyl-, Octyl-, Nonyl-,
Decyl-, Pentadecyl-, Lauryl-, Stearyl-, Oleyl-,
Cyclohexyl-, Methylcyclohexyl-, Äthylcyclohexyl-, Dimethylcyclohexyl-, Propylcyclohexyl-, Dicyclohexyl-,
Benzyl- und Äthylphenylgruppen. Die aromatischen Kerne können monocyclisch oder polycyclisch sein und können auch vom Naphthalin
oder Diphenyl abgeleitet sein.
Die zur Erzeugung eines stabilen Produktes notwendige längere Wärmebehandlung ändert sich
gemäß den Bedingungen, unter denen die Behandlung durchgeführt wird, und den bestimmten Verlbindungen,
die zur Herstellung des Zusatzmittels verwendet werden. Es ist jedoch durch eine einfache
Probe möglich, zu bestimmen, unter welchen Bedingungen ein Produkt der gewünschten Stabilität
erhalten werden kann. Diese Probe besteht im Zusatz von 1 Gewichtsprozent Wasser zu der zu
prüfenden Schmierölkomposition und Schütteln der Mischung während 6 Stunden bei Raumtemperatur
in Kohlendioxydatmosphäre, wobei diese Kohlendioxydatmosphäre in halbstündigen Intervallen erneuert
wird. Nach dieser Behandlung wird die Mischung durch ein Sterimatfilter filtriert und der
Sulfataschegehalt des gefilterten Öls bestimmt. Die Abnahme der Sulfatasche ist ein Maßstab der
Zusatzmittelzerstörung und daher der Stabilität des Zusatzmittels gegenüber Wasser und Kohlendioxyd.
Diese Probe wird im folgenden als Hydrolysenprobe bezeichnet. Die Sulfatasche ist die Asche des
Schmiermittels nach Verbrennung seiner organischen Bestandteile und Abrauchen des Rückstandes
mit Schwefelsäure.
Wie oben angegeben, wird die Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von etwa 8o° bis
etwa 2500 durchgeführt. Im allgemeinen ist die notwendige Wärmebehandlung um so kürzer, je j
höher die angewendete Temperatur ist. So kann es ] bei Anwendung einer Temperatur von 1200 notwendig
sein, 48 Stunden zu erhitzen, bevor Stabilität gegenüber schwachen Säuren erreicht ist.
während bei i6o° die Umwandlung in ungefähr 5 Stunden durchgeführt werden kann. Bei 2300
kann sie in 2V2 Stunden bewirkt werden. Die Natur des als Reaktionsmedium benutzten Mineralöls
kann eine obere Begrenzung der Temperatur fordern, da eine längere Wärmebehandlung bei Temperaturen
um 2500 zur Schädigung mancher öle führen könnte. Wenn jedoch das benutzte öl bei
solchen Temperaturen zum Oxydieren neigt, kann die Wärmebehandlung in einer inerten Atmosphäre,
wie in einer Stickstoffatmosphäre, durchgeführt werden, um eine solche Oxydation auf das geringste
mögliche Maß zu bringen.
Es ist vorteilhaft, die Mineralöllösung während der Wärmebehandlung in Bewegung zu halten, z. B.
durch schnelles Rühren. Ein solches Rühren kürzt die Dauer der zur Erzielung eines stabilen Produktes
notwendigen Wärmebehandlung beträchtlich ab.
Die Reaktion wird in dem Medium eines Mineralschmieröls durchgeführt, so daß das Reaktionsprodükt
eine konzentrierte öllösung darstellt, die in weitere Mengen Schmieröl durch einfaches Vermengen
eingemischt werden kann. Zwecks Verminderung der Masse der Reaktionsmischung wird die
für die Reaktion verwendete Menge an ölmedium gering gehalten, d. h. ungefähr das Vierfache bis
Fünffache des Gewichtes des verwendeten kohlenwasserstoffsubstituierten Phenols. Nach Durchführung
der Reaktion und Wärmebehandlung gemäß der Erfindung kann das Konzentrat mit einem
Mineralschmieröl verdünnt werden zur Erzielung eines endgültigen Schmiermittels. Der Grad der
Verdünnung ändert sich mit dem Verwendungszweck des Schmiermittels, ist jedoch normalerweise
derart, daß ein Schmiermittel mit einem Sulfataschegehalt von 0,05 bis 0,5 Gewichtsprozent erhalten
wird.
Die folgenden Beispiele zeigen Arten der Durchführung der Erfindung und bevorzugte Ausführungsformen;
alle Teile sind Gewichtsteile.
r> · ■ 1
496 Teile p-Octylphenol, 2200 Teile eines mit
Lösungsmitteln raffinierten Mineralschmieröls und 100 Teile Calciumhydroxyd werden zusammen auf
65° erhitzt und 240 Teile einer 4O%igen wäßrigen
Formaldehydlösung zugegeben. Die Mischung wird während 3 Stunden unter Rückfluß erhitzt, wobei
die Temperatur während dieser Zeitdauer auf 85° gesteigert wird. Der Rückflußkondensator wird
dann abgeschaltet und die Flüssigkeit während ι Stunde bei 80 bis 850 und für eine weitere Stunde
unter Steigern der Temperatur auf ioo° mit Luft geblasen. Am Ende dieser Periode ist die Mineralöllösung
im wesentlichen wasserfrei und wird heiß unter vermindertem Druck filtriert zur Erzeugung
eines Konzentrats (Konzentrat A) mit einem Sulfataschegehalt von 3,85 Gewichtsprozent.
Das nach den obigen Angaben hergestellte Konzentrat A wird während 48 Stunden auf 1200 erhitzt
(Konzentrat B). Wenn 7,5 Teile des Konzentrats B mit 92,2 Teilen eines durch Lösungsmittelbehandlung
raffinierten Mineralöls vermischt werden, so besitzt dieses Produkt zusätzlich zu
ausgezeichneten reinigenden und Rostschutzeigenschaften eine wesentliche Stabilität gegenüber
schwachen Säuren. Wird es der Hydrolysenprobe unterzogen, so werden nur 9% des Zusatzes zersetzt.
Wenn jedoch 7,5 Teile des Konzentrats A mit 92,2 Teilen des gleichen durch Lösungsmittelbehandlung
raffinierten Mineralöls vermischt werden, so wird ein Schmiermittel erhalten, das, obwohl es
anfänglich ausgezeichnete reinigende und Rostschutzeigenschaften besitzt, diese Eigenschaften
bald unter den Arbeitsbedingungen infolge Zersetzung des Zusatzmittels durch schwache Säuren
verliert. In der Tat ergibt sich bei Prüfung dieses
Schmiermittels gemäß dem Hydrolysentest, daß die Gesamtheit des Zusatzmittels durch Wasser und
Kohlendioxyd in 6 Stunden zersetzt wird.
6o Teile p-Octylphenol werden in 260 Teile eines durch Lösungsmittelbehandlung raffinierten Mineralöls,
das ι Teil Wasser und 9,7 Teile Calciumhydroxyd enthält, eingerührt und 10,1 Teile Paraformaldehyd
zugegeben. Die Mischung wird auf 850 erhitzt; die Temperatur wird dann während
einer Zeitdauer von 30 Minuten auf 950 gesteigert und eine weitere Stunde bei diesem Wert gehalten.
Eine in dieser Stufe abgezogene Probe zeigt bei der Hydrolysenpröbe eine Zersetzung von 100%. Das
Reaktionsgemisch wird dann auf i6o° erhitzt und bei dieser Temperatur unter schnellem Rühren
während 5 Stunden gehalten, wonach es heiß filtriert wird. Man erhält ein Konzentrat, das einen Sulfataschegehalt
von 3,97% besitzt. Bei der Hydrolysenprobe werden nur 8% des Zusatzmittels zersetzt.
Beim Vermischen dieses Konzentrats mit einem durch Lösungsmittel raffinierten Mineralöl zur Erzeugung
eines Schmiermittels mit einem Sulfataschegehalt von 0,2% zeigt es beim Prüfen gemäß
einem Standardtest zur Feststellung der Motorreinheit ausgezeichnete Eigenschaften. Zusätzlich
zu der Stabilität unter den Arbeitsbedingungen und ausgezeichneten reinigenden Eigenschaften schafft
das Schmiermittel einen guten Schutz gegen Korrosionsabnutzung bei niedriger Temperatur. Wenn
es der Prüfung in einer Petter-Maschine unterworfen wurde, so betrug der Kolbenringgewichtsverlust
der zwei geprüften Ringe 10 mg während eines sechsstündigen Arbeitens. Mit dem Schmieröl
ohne Zusatzmittel war der Verlust bei sechsstündigem Lauf 30 mg.
30 Teile p-Octylphenol werden in 144 Teilen
eines durch Lösungsmittel raffinierten Mineralschmieröls mit einem Teil Wassergehalt dispergiert
durch Rühren bei 500; dann werden 22,8 Teile Bariumhydroxydoctahydrat und 5,2 Teile Paraformaldehyd
zugegeben. Die Mischung wird dann langsam auf 1500 erhitzt und während 2 Stunden
auf dieser Temperatur gehalten. In diesem Zustand zeigt das Konzentrat eine iooVoige Zersetzung des
Zusatzmittels, wenn eine Probe dem Hydrolysentest unterworfen wird. Das Konzentrat wird dann auf
i6o° während 16 Stunden erhitzt und dabei schnell gerührt. Man erhält ein Produkt, das bei dem
Hydrolysentest eine Zersetzung des Zusatzmittels von nur 15% aufweist. Das Produkt ist zum Vermischen
mit weiteren Mengen von Schmierölen zur Erzielung von stabilen Schmiermitteln für hohe Beanspruchungen
geeignet.
Die Schmierölkompositionen gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung können außer diesen reinigend
wirkenden Zusätzen andere bekannte Mineralölschmierölzusätze enthalten, z. B. Fluoreszenzstoffe.
Stockpunktserniedriger, Antioxydationsmittel, Zusätze für die Verwendung als Hochdruckschmiermittel,
andere reinigend wirkende Stoffe, Schaumverhütungs- und Korrosionsschutzmittel.
Geeignete andere reinigend wirkende Mittel sind die öllöslichen Salze von Metallen oder organischen
Basen mit reinigend wirkenden Säuren. Beispiele für diese Säuren sind die verschiedenen Fettsäuren
mit z. B. 10 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen im Molekül; Wollfettsäuren, durch Oxydation von Paraffin erhaltene
Carbonsäuren, chlorierte Fettsäuren, Harzsäuren, aromatische Carbonsäuren einschließlich
aromatischer Fettsäuren, aromatische Oxyfettsäuren, Benzoesäuren mit langen Seitenketten,
Alkylsalicylsäuren, Phthalsäuremonoester, aromatische Ketonsäuren, aromatische Estersäuren, Diphenole,
wie Di-(alkylphenol)-sulfide und -disulfide, Methylen-bis-alkylphenole; Sulfonsäuren, wie sie
z. B. durch Behandlung von alkylaromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen oder hochsiedenden Erdölen
mit Schwefelsäure hergestellt werden können; Schwefelsäuremonoester; Mono- und Diester der
Phosphor-, Arsen- und Antimonsäure einschließlich der entsprechenden Thio- sowie Phosphon- und
Arsonsäuren.
Andere reinigend wirkende Mittel sind die Erdkaliphosphatdiester
einschließ lieh derThiophosphatdiester;
die Erdalkalidiphenolatc, speziell die Calcium- und Bariumsalze der Diphenolmono- und
Diphenolpolysulfide.
Nichtmetallische reinigend wirkende Mittel sind Verbindungen, wie die Phosphatide, z. H. Lecithin.
die fetten öle, wie Rapsöl, und voltolisierte Fette oder voltolisierte mineralische öle.
Antioxydationsmittel umfassen verschiedene Arten vom Stoffen, z. B. Alkylphenole, wie 2,4,6-Trimethylphenol,
Pentamethvlphenol, 2, 4-Dimethyl-6-tert.-butylphenol,
2,4-Dimethyl-6-octylphenol, 2, 6-Di-tert.-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2, 4, 6-Tri-tert.-butylphenol;
Aminophenole, wie Benzylaminophenole; Amine, wie Dibutylphenylendiamin, Diphenylamin,
Phenyl-a-naplithylamin, Phenyl-/?-
naphthylamin, Dinaphthylamine; geschwefelte Verbindungen, wie geschwefeltes Walratöl, geschwefeltes
Jojobaöl, geschwefeltes Harz oder Olefinpolymere, Paraffinpolysulfide, geschwefeltes Tallöl, geschwefelte
Terpenkohlenwasserstoffe und Methylenbis-phenylsulfide.
Schmiermittel mit einem Gehalt eines gemäß der Erfindung hergestellten Zusatzstoffes und einem
basischen Erdalkalisalz von Frdölsulfonsäure sind besonders geeignet für die Reinhaltung der
Maschine.
Claims (3)
- PATENTANSPRÜCHE:i. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmiermitteln durch Umsetzen von zur Reaktion mit Formaldehyd oder Acetaldehyd unter Bildung harzartiger Kondensationsprodukte befähigten, 'kohlenwasserstoffsubstituierten Phenolen mit wenigstens 4 Kohlenstoffatomen in dem oder den Substituenten. insbesondere Monoalkylphenolen, wie p-Octylphenol, mit Formaldehyd, Acetaldehyd oder einem zur Erzeugung dieser Aldehvde beim Erwärmen fähigen Polvmerenund mit einem Frdalkalihydroxyd, insbesondere Calciumhydroxyd, in Gegenwart eines Mineralschmieröls, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reaktionsgemisch einer längeren Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur von ungefähr 8o° bis ungefähr 2500 bis zur Bildung eines gegenüber schwachen Säuren im wesentlichen stabilen Produktes unterworfen wird
- 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vor oder nach der längere Zeit dauernden Wärmebehandlung weitere Mengen Mineralschmieröl und gegebenenfalls zusätzlich Fluoreszenzstoffe, Stockpunktserniedriger, Antioxydationsmittel, Zusatzstoffe für die Verwendung als Hochdruckschmiermittel, andere reinigend wirkende Mittel, wie basische Erdalkalisalze von Erdolsulfonsäuren, Schaumverhütungsmittel und/oder Korrosionsschutzmittel zugegeben werden.
- 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Menge des zusätzlichen Mineralschmieröls so bemessen wird, daß der Sulfataschegehalt des Fertigproduktes etwa 0,05 bis 0,5 Gewichtsprozent beträgt.3204 2.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GB18235/48A GB650291A (en) | 1948-07-07 | 1948-07-07 | Improvements in or relating to lubricating compositions |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE832031C true DE832031C (de) | 1952-02-21 |
Family
ID=10108975
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DEP48027A Expired DE832031C (de) | 1948-07-07 | 1949-07-07 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmiermitteln |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2647873A (de) |
DE (1) | DE832031C (de) |
FR (1) | FR990369A (de) |
GB (1) | GB650291A (de) |
Families Citing this family (18)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
NL79115C (de) * | 1951-07-16 | |||
US2736701A (en) * | 1952-04-22 | 1956-02-28 | Union Oil Co | Lubricating oil composition |
US2786030A (en) * | 1954-04-13 | 1957-03-19 | Gulf Oil Corp | Detergent lubricating oils |
US2789092A (en) * | 1954-04-22 | 1957-04-16 | Gulf Oil Corp | Detergent lubricating oils |
US2858342A (en) * | 1955-06-27 | 1958-10-28 | Union Carbide Corp | Preparation of bis-phenols |
DE1067955B (de) * | 1956-07-11 | 1959-10-29 | Esso Standard Societe Anonyme Frangaise, Paris | Rostschutzmittel auf der Grundlage von Ölen |
US3336226A (en) * | 1965-12-28 | 1967-08-15 | Chevron Res | Phenolic pour point depressants |
US4259464A (en) * | 1971-08-18 | 1981-03-31 | Petrolite Corporation | Cyclic phenol-aldehyde resins |
US5259967A (en) * | 1992-06-17 | 1993-11-09 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Low ash lubricant composition |
US5516441A (en) * | 1994-04-26 | 1996-05-14 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Sulfur-coupled saligenin salts |
US6310009B1 (en) | 2000-04-03 | 2001-10-30 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricating oil compositions containing saligenin derivatives |
JP4225782B2 (ja) | 2001-02-07 | 2009-02-18 | ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイション | 潤滑油組成物 |
US6605572B2 (en) | 2001-02-07 | 2003-08-12 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricating oil composition |
US6610637B2 (en) | 2001-02-13 | 2003-08-26 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Synthetic diesel engine lubricants containing dispersant-viscosity modifier and functionalized phenol detergent |
US6331510B1 (en) | 2001-02-13 | 2001-12-18 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Synthetic diesel engine lubricants containing dispersant-viscosity modifier and functionalized phenol detergent |
US6583092B1 (en) | 2001-09-12 | 2003-06-24 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Lubricating oil composition |
DE10237165B4 (de) * | 2002-08-14 | 2015-05-13 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Abgasbehandlung einer Verbrennungseinrichtung sowie deren Verwendung |
US20060046941A1 (en) * | 2004-08-26 | 2006-03-02 | Laurent Chambard | Lubricating oil compositions |
Family Cites Families (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2250188A (en) * | 1940-01-15 | 1941-07-22 | Union Oil Co | Lubricating oil |
US2280419A (en) * | 1940-07-16 | 1942-04-21 | Chester E Wilson | Compounded oil |
USRE23229E (en) * | 1943-09-15 | 1950-05-09 | Compounded lubricating oil | |
US2399877A (en) * | 1944-07-07 | 1946-05-07 | Standard Oil Dev Co | Chemical process, etc. |
-
1948
- 1948-07-07 GB GB18235/48A patent/GB650291A/en not_active Expired
-
1949
- 1949-05-17 US US93847A patent/US2647873A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1949-07-06 FR FR990369D patent/FR990369A/fr not_active Expired
- 1949-07-07 DE DEP48027A patent/DE832031C/de not_active Expired
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR990369A (fr) | 1951-09-20 |
GB650291A (en) | 1951-02-21 |
US2647873A (en) | 1953-08-04 |
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