DE832031C - Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmiermitteln - Google Patents

Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmiermitteln

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Publication number
DE832031C
DE832031C DEP48027A DEP0048027A DE832031C DE 832031 C DE832031 C DE 832031C DE P48027 A DEP48027 A DE P48027A DE P0048027 A DEP0048027 A DE P0048027A DE 832031 C DE832031 C DE 832031C
Authority
DE
Germany
Prior art keywords
lubricating oil
mineral lubricating
heat treatment
oil
acids
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
DEP48027A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Bevan Grimshaw
John Bryant Matthews
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shell Refining and Marketing Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shell Refining and Marketing Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shell Refining and Marketing Co Ltd filed Critical Shell Refining and Marketing Co Ltd
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of DE832031C publication Critical patent/DE832031C/de
Expired legal-status Critical Current

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    • C10M159/00Lubricating compositions characterised by the additive being of unknown or incompletely defined constitution
    • C10M159/12Reaction products
    • C10M159/20Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products
    • C10M159/22Reaction mixtures having an excess of neutralising base, e.g. so-called overbasic or highly basic products containing phenol radicals
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G8/00Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only
    • C08G8/04Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes
    • C08G8/08Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ
    • C08G8/12Condensation polymers of aldehydes or ketones with phenols only of aldehydes of formaldehyde, e.g. of formaldehyde formed in situ with monohydric phenols having only one hydrocarbon substituent ortho on para to the OH group, e.g. p-tert.-butyl phenol
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Description

Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmiermitteln.
Es ist bekannt, daß ein im wesentlichen nicht korrodierendes und keine Zusätze enthaltendes Mineralschmieröl "häufig unter den üblichen Bedingungen des Laufes der Maschine mehr und mehr korrodierend wird. Diese Tendenz wird vergrößert bzw. beschleunigt z. B. durch eine Erhöhung der Temperatur, durch Spuren gelöster Metalle, durch in dem öl gebildete Abbauprodukte und durch eine Anzahl anderer Faktoren. Es ist allgemein üblich, dem öl ein Zusatzmittel zuzugeben zwecks Entfernung der in der Maschine gebildeten Kohlenstoffabsciheidungen bzw. des Schlammes und so zu dem Reinhalten der Lagerflächen l>eizutragen. Die für diesen Zweck verwendeten Zusätze werden üblicherweise als detergents, d. h. als die Ablagcj rung auflockernde, reinigend wirkende Zusätze bezeichnet.
Eine weitere Art der Korrosion, die in allen Verbrennungskraftmaschinen eintritt, ist das Rosten der Zylinderwände und anderer Oberflächen aus Eisenmetallen infolge der korrodierenden Eigenschaften der Verbrennungsprodukte, wie Wasser, Kohlendioxyd und Schwefeloxyde.
Die bisher benutzten, reinigend wirkenden Zusätze verbessern im allgemeinen nicht die Korrosions- öder Rostschutzeigenschaften des Öls, dem sie zugegeben sind, und scheinen sogar in manchen Fällen diese E igen seihaften zu verhindern.
Es ist infolgedessen üblich, bei Verwendung dieser Zusätze die Korrosions- und/oder Rostschutzeigenschaften des Schmierölmaterials zu verbessern durch Einverleibung anderer bekannter Korrosion
und Rosten verhindernder oder vermindernder Zusätze.
Die vorliegende Erfindung schlägt Mineralschmiermittel vor, die eine Gruppe von reinigend wirkenden Zusätzen enthalten, die darüber hinaus auch als Korrosions- und Rostschutz wirken.
Als bisherige, reinigend wirkende Zusätze sind ölmisdhbare Metallsalze des Kondensationsproduktes eines kohlenwasserstoffsubstituierten Phenols ίο mit einem Aldehyd niedrigen Molekulargewichtes beschrieben. Derartige Kondensationsprodukte sind wohlbekannte Zwischenstoffe bei der Herstellung von Kunstharzen, und ihre Umwandlung zu Schmierölzusätzen war durch einfache Überführung . i5 in ihre Metallsalze möglich, die dann Schmierölen in der gewünschten Menge mit oder ohne einen Lösungsvermittler zugegeben werden konnten.
Schmieröle mit einem Gehalt an solchen Salzen von Phenolaldehydkondensationsprodukten, hergeao stellt nach dem oben erwähnten üblichen Verfahren, ermangelten, wie sich zeigte, der Rostschutzeigenschaften, und es mußten danach den ölen, um diesen Mangel zu heilen, weitere Zusätze zugegeben werden.
as Es wurde nun gefunden, daß dieser Nachteil be- ! seitigt werden kann durch Herstellung der Salze der Phenolaldehydkondensationsprodukte in einem j Einstufenverfahren in Gegenwart eines Mineralschmieröls. [ So zeigen Schmierölmittel, die durch Umsetzung eines kohlenwasserstoffsubstituierten Phenols mit j Formaldehyd oder Acetaldehyd und einem Erdalkalihydroxyd in Gegenwart eines Mineralschmieröls und, gewünsditenfalls, Vermischen des resultierenden Stoffes mit weiteren Mengen des ; gleichen oder eines anderen Mineralschmieröls gewonnen werden, wesentlich andere Eigenschaften als Schmierölmittel, die durch Zumischen eines fertigen Erdalkalisalzes eines Phenolaldehydkondensationsproduktes zu einem Mineralschmieröl gewonnen wurden. In einer Hinsicht ist diese Änderung dieser Eigenschaften vorteilhaft, da die durch ein Einstufenverfahren hergestellten Produkte bemerkenswerte Rostschutzeigenschaften besitzen. Wird jedoch die Stabilität des nach dem Einstufenverfahren hergestellten Produktes gegenüber schwachen Säuren mit der Stabilität des durch Zumischen eines fertigen Erdalkalisalzes eines P'henolaldehydkondensationsproduktes zu einem Mineral-Schmieröl hergestellten Produktes verglichen, so zeigt sich, daß diese Stabilität bei dem Einstufenverfahrensproduk^ sich ungünstig verändert hat.
Diese verminderte Stabilität gegenüber schwachen Säuren vermindert die Vorteile der Schmiermittel. So ist in einer Verbrennungsmaschine nach dem Stillsetzen und Stehenlassen unvermeidlicherweise durch die Verbrennungsprodukte und Schmiermittelabbauprodukte angesäuertes Kondenswasser zugegen, und auch unter normalen Betriebsbedingungen sind Säuren stets in den Verbrennungsprodukten der Treibstoffe und in den Abbauprodukten der Schmiermittel vorhanden. Ein durch Wasser und/oder Säuren zersetzbares Zusatzmittel wird also bald in einer Verbrennungsmaschine unter normalen Betriebsbedingungen zerstört und kann infolgedessen kein völlig befriedigendes Hilfsmittel darstellen, welche anderen guten Eigenschaften es auch besitzen mag.
Es wurde nun gefunden, daß, wenn die durch das oben aufgezeigte einstufige Verfahren gebildeten Stoffe einer längeren Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur von ungefähr 8oc bis ungefähr 2500, vorzugsweise von ungefähr 1200 bis ungefähr i6o°, unterworfen werden, eine Änderung der Natur des Salzes des Phenolaldehydkondensations-Produktes stattfindet, mit der eine Umkehrung der Stabilität auf die der üblichen vorhergebildeten Zusätze oder sogar in manchen Fällen darüber hinaus einhergeht. Außerdem bleiben die Rostschutzeigenschaften erhalten, statt daß sie völlig zerstört werden, wie das zu erwarten wäre, wenn infolge des längeren Erhitzens das Produkt sich nur in ein dem vorhergebildeten Produkt entsprechendes zurückverwandelt hätte. Auch erfolgt kein Nachlassen der reinigenden Wirkung.
Zur Verdeutlichung der Erfindung werden im folgenden verglichen die Eigenschaften von 1. Mineralschmierölen mit einem Gehalt an einem fertigen Erdalkalisalz eines Phenolaldehydkondensationsproduktes (Öle A), 2. Mineralschmierölen mit einem Gehalt an dem Erdalkalisalz, hergestellt aus den entsprechenden Bestandteilen in einem oben beschriebenen Einstufenverfahren (öle B) und 3. Mineralschmierölen mit einem Gehalt an Erdalkalisalz, hergestellt aus den entsprechenden Be-■standteilen in einem oben beschriebenen Einstufenverfahren mit nachfolgender längerer Wärmebehandlung (öle C).
Reinigende
Eigenschaften
Rostschutzeigenschaften
Stabilität gegenüber schwachen Säuren
öle A sehr gut schlecht gut
öle B sehr gut sehr gut sehr schlecht
öle C sehr gut gut sehr gut
Gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung zur Herstellung von Schmierölmitteln werden kohlenwasserstoffsubstituierte Phenole, die mindestens 4 Kohlenstoffatome in dem einzigen Substituenten oder in einem der Substituenten besitzen und mit Formaldehyd oder Acetaldehyd unter Bildung von harzartigen Kondensationsprodukten reagieren können, mit Formaldehyd oder Acetaldehyd oder einem zur Bildung eines solchen Aldehyds bei Erwärmen fähigen Polymeren zur Reaktion gebracht und dann mit einem Erdalkalihydroxyd in Gegenwart eines Mineralschmieröls umgesetzt. Die Herstellung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reaktionsgemisch einer längeren Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur von ungefähr 8o° bis ungefähr 250'1 unterworfen wird, bis das Umsetzungsprodukt im wesentlichen gegen schwache Säuren stabil geworden ist. Diese Produkte können mit weiteren Mengen des gleichen oder eines anderen Mineralschmieröls, entweder vor oder nach der Wärmebehandlung, vermischt werden.
Die bei dem Verfahren der Erfindung verwendeten Phenole müssen zur Bildung harzartiger Kon-•densationsprodukte mit Aldehyden in der Lage sein und müssen außerdem einen Kohlenwasserstoffsubstituenten von mindestens 4 Kohlenstoffatomen besitzen, um öllösliche Kondensationsprodukte zu ergeben. Derartige Substituenten können /.. B. sein: Butyl-, Amyl-, Hexyl-, Heptyl-, Octyl-, Nonyl-, Decyl-, Pentadecyl-, Lauryl-, Stearyl-, Oleyl-, Cyclohexyl-, Methylcyclohexyl-, Äthylcyclohexyl-, Dimethylcyclohexyl-, Propylcyclohexyl-, Dicyclohexyl-, Benzyl- und Äthylphenylgruppen. Die aromatischen Kerne können monocyclisch oder polycyclisch sein und können auch vom Naphthalin oder Diphenyl abgeleitet sein.
Die zur Erzeugung eines stabilen Produktes notwendige längere Wärmebehandlung ändert sich gemäß den Bedingungen, unter denen die Behandlung durchgeführt wird, und den bestimmten Verlbindungen, die zur Herstellung des Zusatzmittels verwendet werden. Es ist jedoch durch eine einfache Probe möglich, zu bestimmen, unter welchen Bedingungen ein Produkt der gewünschten Stabilität erhalten werden kann. Diese Probe besteht im Zusatz von 1 Gewichtsprozent Wasser zu der zu prüfenden Schmierölkomposition und Schütteln der Mischung während 6 Stunden bei Raumtemperatur in Kohlendioxydatmosphäre, wobei diese Kohlendioxydatmosphäre in halbstündigen Intervallen erneuert wird. Nach dieser Behandlung wird die Mischung durch ein Sterimatfilter filtriert und der Sulfataschegehalt des gefilterten Öls bestimmt. Die Abnahme der Sulfatasche ist ein Maßstab der Zusatzmittelzerstörung und daher der Stabilität des Zusatzmittels gegenüber Wasser und Kohlendioxyd. Diese Probe wird im folgenden als Hydrolysenprobe bezeichnet. Die Sulfatasche ist die Asche des Schmiermittels nach Verbrennung seiner organischen Bestandteile und Abrauchen des Rückstandes mit Schwefelsäure.
Wie oben angegeben, wird die Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur im Bereich von etwa 8o° bis etwa 2500 durchgeführt. Im allgemeinen ist die notwendige Wärmebehandlung um so kürzer, je j höher die angewendete Temperatur ist. So kann es ] bei Anwendung einer Temperatur von 1200 notwendig sein, 48 Stunden zu erhitzen, bevor Stabilität gegenüber schwachen Säuren erreicht ist. während bei i6o° die Umwandlung in ungefähr 5 Stunden durchgeführt werden kann. Bei 2300 kann sie in 2V2 Stunden bewirkt werden. Die Natur des als Reaktionsmedium benutzten Mineralöls kann eine obere Begrenzung der Temperatur fordern, da eine längere Wärmebehandlung bei Temperaturen um 2500 zur Schädigung mancher öle führen könnte. Wenn jedoch das benutzte öl bei solchen Temperaturen zum Oxydieren neigt, kann die Wärmebehandlung in einer inerten Atmosphäre, wie in einer Stickstoffatmosphäre, durchgeführt werden, um eine solche Oxydation auf das geringste mögliche Maß zu bringen.
Es ist vorteilhaft, die Mineralöllösung während der Wärmebehandlung in Bewegung zu halten, z. B.
durch schnelles Rühren. Ein solches Rühren kürzt die Dauer der zur Erzielung eines stabilen Produktes notwendigen Wärmebehandlung beträchtlich ab.
Die Reaktion wird in dem Medium eines Mineralschmieröls durchgeführt, so daß das Reaktionsprodükt eine konzentrierte öllösung darstellt, die in weitere Mengen Schmieröl durch einfaches Vermengen eingemischt werden kann. Zwecks Verminderung der Masse der Reaktionsmischung wird die für die Reaktion verwendete Menge an ölmedium gering gehalten, d. h. ungefähr das Vierfache bis Fünffache des Gewichtes des verwendeten kohlenwasserstoffsubstituierten Phenols. Nach Durchführung der Reaktion und Wärmebehandlung gemäß der Erfindung kann das Konzentrat mit einem Mineralschmieröl verdünnt werden zur Erzielung eines endgültigen Schmiermittels. Der Grad der Verdünnung ändert sich mit dem Verwendungszweck des Schmiermittels, ist jedoch normalerweise derart, daß ein Schmiermittel mit einem Sulfataschegehalt von 0,05 bis 0,5 Gewichtsprozent erhalten wird.
Die folgenden Beispiele zeigen Arten der Durchführung der Erfindung und bevorzugte Ausführungsformen; alle Teile sind Gewichtsteile.
r> · ■ 1
Beispiel 1
496 Teile p-Octylphenol, 2200 Teile eines mit Lösungsmitteln raffinierten Mineralschmieröls und 100 Teile Calciumhydroxyd werden zusammen auf 65° erhitzt und 240 Teile einer 4O%igen wäßrigen Formaldehydlösung zugegeben. Die Mischung wird während 3 Stunden unter Rückfluß erhitzt, wobei die Temperatur während dieser Zeitdauer auf 85° gesteigert wird. Der Rückflußkondensator wird dann abgeschaltet und die Flüssigkeit während ι Stunde bei 80 bis 850 und für eine weitere Stunde unter Steigern der Temperatur auf ioo° mit Luft geblasen. Am Ende dieser Periode ist die Mineralöllösung im wesentlichen wasserfrei und wird heiß unter vermindertem Druck filtriert zur Erzeugung eines Konzentrats (Konzentrat A) mit einem Sulfataschegehalt von 3,85 Gewichtsprozent.
Das nach den obigen Angaben hergestellte Konzentrat A wird während 48 Stunden auf 1200 erhitzt (Konzentrat B). Wenn 7,5 Teile des Konzentrats B mit 92,2 Teilen eines durch Lösungsmittelbehandlung raffinierten Mineralöls vermischt werden, so besitzt dieses Produkt zusätzlich zu ausgezeichneten reinigenden und Rostschutzeigenschaften eine wesentliche Stabilität gegenüber schwachen Säuren. Wird es der Hydrolysenprobe unterzogen, so werden nur 9% des Zusatzes zersetzt. Wenn jedoch 7,5 Teile des Konzentrats A mit 92,2 Teilen des gleichen durch Lösungsmittelbehandlung raffinierten Mineralöls vermischt werden, so wird ein Schmiermittel erhalten, das, obwohl es anfänglich ausgezeichnete reinigende und Rostschutzeigenschaften besitzt, diese Eigenschaften bald unter den Arbeitsbedingungen infolge Zersetzung des Zusatzmittels durch schwache Säuren verliert. In der Tat ergibt sich bei Prüfung dieses
Schmiermittels gemäß dem Hydrolysentest, daß die Gesamtheit des Zusatzmittels durch Wasser und Kohlendioxyd in 6 Stunden zersetzt wird.
Beispiel 2
6o Teile p-Octylphenol werden in 260 Teile eines durch Lösungsmittelbehandlung raffinierten Mineralöls, das ι Teil Wasser und 9,7 Teile Calciumhydroxyd enthält, eingerührt und 10,1 Teile Paraformaldehyd zugegeben. Die Mischung wird auf 850 erhitzt; die Temperatur wird dann während einer Zeitdauer von 30 Minuten auf 950 gesteigert und eine weitere Stunde bei diesem Wert gehalten. Eine in dieser Stufe abgezogene Probe zeigt bei der Hydrolysenpröbe eine Zersetzung von 100%. Das Reaktionsgemisch wird dann auf i6o° erhitzt und bei dieser Temperatur unter schnellem Rühren während 5 Stunden gehalten, wonach es heiß filtriert wird. Man erhält ein Konzentrat, das einen Sulfataschegehalt von 3,97% besitzt. Bei der Hydrolysenprobe werden nur 8% des Zusatzmittels zersetzt. Beim Vermischen dieses Konzentrats mit einem durch Lösungsmittel raffinierten Mineralöl zur Erzeugung eines Schmiermittels mit einem Sulfataschegehalt von 0,2% zeigt es beim Prüfen gemäß einem Standardtest zur Feststellung der Motorreinheit ausgezeichnete Eigenschaften. Zusätzlich zu der Stabilität unter den Arbeitsbedingungen und ausgezeichneten reinigenden Eigenschaften schafft das Schmiermittel einen guten Schutz gegen Korrosionsabnutzung bei niedriger Temperatur. Wenn es der Prüfung in einer Petter-Maschine unterworfen wurde, so betrug der Kolbenringgewichtsverlust der zwei geprüften Ringe 10 mg während eines sechsstündigen Arbeitens. Mit dem Schmieröl ohne Zusatzmittel war der Verlust bei sechsstündigem Lauf 30 mg.
Beispiel 3
30 Teile p-Octylphenol werden in 144 Teilen eines durch Lösungsmittel raffinierten Mineralschmieröls mit einem Teil Wassergehalt dispergiert durch Rühren bei 500; dann werden 22,8 Teile Bariumhydroxydoctahydrat und 5,2 Teile Paraformaldehyd zugegeben. Die Mischung wird dann langsam auf 1500 erhitzt und während 2 Stunden auf dieser Temperatur gehalten. In diesem Zustand zeigt das Konzentrat eine iooVoige Zersetzung des Zusatzmittels, wenn eine Probe dem Hydrolysentest unterworfen wird. Das Konzentrat wird dann auf i6o° während 16 Stunden erhitzt und dabei schnell gerührt. Man erhält ein Produkt, das bei dem Hydrolysentest eine Zersetzung des Zusatzmittels von nur 15% aufweist. Das Produkt ist zum Vermischen mit weiteren Mengen von Schmierölen zur Erzielung von stabilen Schmiermitteln für hohe Beanspruchungen geeignet.
Die Schmierölkompositionen gemäß der vorliegenden Erfindung können außer diesen reinigend wirkenden Zusätzen andere bekannte Mineralölschmierölzusätze enthalten, z. B. Fluoreszenzstoffe. Stockpunktserniedriger, Antioxydationsmittel, Zusätze für die Verwendung als Hochdruckschmiermittel, andere reinigend wirkende Stoffe, Schaumverhütungs- und Korrosionsschutzmittel.
Geeignete andere reinigend wirkende Mittel sind die öllöslichen Salze von Metallen oder organischen Basen mit reinigend wirkenden Säuren. Beispiele für diese Säuren sind die verschiedenen Fettsäuren mit z. B. 10 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen im Molekül; Wollfettsäuren, durch Oxydation von Paraffin erhaltene Carbonsäuren, chlorierte Fettsäuren, Harzsäuren, aromatische Carbonsäuren einschließlich aromatischer Fettsäuren, aromatische Oxyfettsäuren, Benzoesäuren mit langen Seitenketten, Alkylsalicylsäuren, Phthalsäuremonoester, aromatische Ketonsäuren, aromatische Estersäuren, Diphenole, wie Di-(alkylphenol)-sulfide und -disulfide, Methylen-bis-alkylphenole; Sulfonsäuren, wie sie z. B. durch Behandlung von alkylaromatischen Kohlenwasserstoffen oder hochsiedenden Erdölen mit Schwefelsäure hergestellt werden können; Schwefelsäuremonoester; Mono- und Diester der Phosphor-, Arsen- und Antimonsäure einschließlich der entsprechenden Thio- sowie Phosphon- und Arsonsäuren.
Andere reinigend wirkende Mittel sind die Erdkaliphosphatdiester einschließ lieh derThiophosphatdiester; die Erdalkalidiphenolatc, speziell die Calcium- und Bariumsalze der Diphenolmono- und Diphenolpolysulfide.
Nichtmetallische reinigend wirkende Mittel sind Verbindungen, wie die Phosphatide, z. H. Lecithin. die fetten öle, wie Rapsöl, und voltolisierte Fette oder voltolisierte mineralische öle.
Antioxydationsmittel umfassen verschiedene Arten vom Stoffen, z. B. Alkylphenole, wie 2,4,6-Trimethylphenol, Pentamethvlphenol, 2, 4-Dimethyl-6-tert.-butylphenol, 2,4-Dimethyl-6-octylphenol, 2, 6-Di-tert.-butyl-4-methylphenol, 2, 4, 6-Tri-tert.-butylphenol; Aminophenole, wie Benzylaminophenole; Amine, wie Dibutylphenylendiamin, Diphenylamin, Phenyl-a-naplithylamin, Phenyl-/?- naphthylamin, Dinaphthylamine; geschwefelte Verbindungen, wie geschwefeltes Walratöl, geschwefeltes Jojobaöl, geschwefeltes Harz oder Olefinpolymere, Paraffinpolysulfide, geschwefeltes Tallöl, geschwefelte Terpenkohlenwasserstoffe und Methylenbis-phenylsulfide.
Schmiermittel mit einem Gehalt eines gemäß der Erfindung hergestellten Zusatzstoffes und einem basischen Erdalkalisalz von Frdölsulfonsäure sind besonders geeignet für die Reinhaltung der Maschine.

Claims (3)

  1. PATENTANSPRÜCHE:
    i. Verfahren zur Herstellung von Schmiermitteln durch Umsetzen von zur Reaktion mit Formaldehyd oder Acetaldehyd unter Bildung harzartiger Kondensationsprodukte befähigten, 'kohlenwasserstoffsubstituierten Phenolen mit wenigstens 4 Kohlenstoffatomen in dem oder den Substituenten. insbesondere Monoalkylphenolen, wie p-Octylphenol, mit Formaldehyd, Acetaldehyd oder einem zur Erzeugung dieser Aldehvde beim Erwärmen fähigen Polvmeren
    und mit einem Frdalkalihydroxyd, insbesondere Calciumhydroxyd, in Gegenwart eines Mineralschmieröls, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß das Reaktionsgemisch einer längeren Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur von ungefähr 8o° bis ungefähr 2500 bis zur Bildung eines gegenüber schwachen Säuren im wesentlichen stabilen Produktes unterworfen wird
  2. 2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß vor oder nach der längere Zeit dauernden Wärmebehandlung weitere Mengen Mineralschmieröl und gegebenenfalls zusätzlich Fluoreszenzstoffe, Stockpunktserniedriger, Antioxydationsmittel, Zusatzstoffe für die Verwendung als Hochdruckschmiermittel, andere reinigend wirkende Mittel, wie basische Erdalkalisalze von Erdolsulfonsäuren, Schaumverhütungsmittel und/oder Korrosionsschutzmittel zugegeben werden.
  3. 3. Verfahren nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, daß die Menge des zusätzlichen Mineralschmieröls so bemessen wird, daß der Sulfataschegehalt des Fertigproduktes etwa 0,05 bis 0,5 Gewichtsprozent beträgt.
    3204 2.
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US2736701A (en) * 1952-04-22 1956-02-28 Union Oil Co Lubricating oil composition
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US2789092A (en) * 1954-04-22 1957-04-16 Gulf Oil Corp Detergent lubricating oils
US2858342A (en) * 1955-06-27 1958-10-28 Union Carbide Corp Preparation of bis-phenols
DE1067955B (de) * 1956-07-11 1959-10-29 Esso Standard Societe Anonyme Frangaise, Paris Rostschutzmittel auf der Grundlage von Ölen
US3336226A (en) * 1965-12-28 1967-08-15 Chevron Res Phenolic pour point depressants
US4259464A (en) * 1971-08-18 1981-03-31 Petrolite Corporation Cyclic phenol-aldehyde resins
US5259967A (en) * 1992-06-17 1993-11-09 The Lubrizol Corporation Low ash lubricant composition
US5516441A (en) * 1994-04-26 1996-05-14 The Lubrizol Corporation Sulfur-coupled saligenin salts
US6310009B1 (en) 2000-04-03 2001-10-30 The Lubrizol Corporation Lubricating oil compositions containing saligenin derivatives
JP4225782B2 (ja) 2001-02-07 2009-02-18 ザ ルブリゾル コーポレイション 潤滑油組成物
US6605572B2 (en) 2001-02-07 2003-08-12 The Lubrizol Corporation Lubricating oil composition
US6610637B2 (en) 2001-02-13 2003-08-26 The Lubrizol Corporation Synthetic diesel engine lubricants containing dispersant-viscosity modifier and functionalized phenol detergent
US6331510B1 (en) 2001-02-13 2001-12-18 The Lubrizol Corporation Synthetic diesel engine lubricants containing dispersant-viscosity modifier and functionalized phenol detergent
US6583092B1 (en) 2001-09-12 2003-06-24 The Lubrizol Corporation Lubricating oil composition
DE10237165B4 (de) * 2002-08-14 2015-05-13 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zur Abgasbehandlung einer Verbrennungseinrichtung sowie deren Verwendung
US20060046941A1 (en) * 2004-08-26 2006-03-02 Laurent Chambard Lubricating oil compositions

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